WO2003087798A1 - Sensor cell, biosensor, capacitive device manufacturing method, biological reaction detection method, and gene analyzing method - Google Patents
Sensor cell, biosensor, capacitive device manufacturing method, biological reaction detection method, and gene analyzing method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003087798A1 WO2003087798A1 PCT/JP2003/004576 JP0304576W WO03087798A1 WO 2003087798 A1 WO2003087798 A1 WO 2003087798A1 JP 0304576 W JP0304576 W JP 0304576W WO 03087798 A1 WO03087798 A1 WO 03087798A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54373—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
- G01N33/5438—Electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/327—Biochemical electrodes, e.g. electrical or mechanical details for in vitro measurements
- G01N27/3275—Sensing specific biomolecules, e.g. nucleic acid strands, based on an electrode surface reaction
- G01N27/3276—Sensing specific biomolecules, e.g. nucleic acid strands, based on an electrode surface reaction being a hybridisation with immobilised receptors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
- G01N27/228—Circuits therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a biosensor used for gene analysis, biological information analysis, and the like. Background art
- a DNA microarray is used as a system for simultaneously monitoring the expression levels of all genes in a cell.
- the array was extracted from cells and tissues; reverse transcription was performed from mRNA and total RNA to prepare probe DNA, which was stamped on a substrate such as slide glass at high density, and then labeled with fluorescent dye.
- the target DNA having a base sequence complementary to the probe DNA is hybridized, and the amount of gene expression is evaluated by observing the fluorescence pattern.
- the apparatus since the fluorescence reaction and the like are detected by optical means, the apparatus becomes large-scale and it is difficult to detect the hybridization in real time.
- a DNA fragment labeled with a fluorescent dye is separated by gel electrophoresis, and the DNA fragment is labeled by irradiating a laser beam. Since the dye of the fragments is excited and the signal is detected by the fluorescence detector, the equipment becomes large-scale and monitoring cannot be performed in real time.
- an object of the present invention is to propose a technology capable of praying a large amount of genetic information in a simple configuration in real time. Disclosure of the invention
- the sensor cell of the present invention uses a biorecognition molecule that selectively reacts with a specific biomolecule as a receptor, and a capacitor including a pair of opposed electrodes in which the receptor is fixed to an electrode surface.
- the pair of opposing electrodes has a force as a comb-shaped electrode formed in a comb shape, or a plurality of arc-shaped electrode portions having different inner diameters, and an arc-shaped capacitance between the opposing electrode portions.
- This is an electrode for forming a capacitor. With this configuration, the capacitance of the capacitor can be increased, and the sensor sensitivity can be improved.
- an insulating film is formed between the pair of opposed electrodes to partition between the electrodes.
- metal fine particles are deposited on the electrode surface.
- the distance between the electrodes can be reduced, and the capacitance of the capacitor can be increased.
- the sensor sensitivity can be improved.
- the material of the metal fine particles is a material selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, platinum, and copper. By using these materials, it is easy to fix the probe DNA.
- the pair of counter electrodes are formed in a reaction well.
- the transducer is a field effect transistor that changes a transconductance in response to a change in capacitance of the capacitor.
- a field-effect transistor makes it possible to detect a change in capacitance of a capacitor as a change in drain current.
- the biometric part is the probe DNA. This makes it possible to realize a DNA microsensor array capable of detecting DNA hybridization in real time.
- the biosensor according to the present invention includes a sensor cell matrix in which sensor cells that output biological reactions as electric signals are arranged in a matrix, and a row selection line that is connected to a group of sensor cells arranged in a row direction of the sensor cell matrix.
- the sensor cell includes, as a receptor, a biorecognition molecule that selectively reacts with a specific biomolecule; a capacitance element including a pair of opposed electrodes in which the receptor is fixed to an electrode surface; A transistor that, when connected to a capacitance element, changes a current value output from a current output terminal in accordance with a capacitance change amount of the capacitance element that changes due to a reaction between the receptor and a biomolecule; Supplied by driver A switching element for supplying a voltage signal to the current input terminal of the transistor.
- the switching element is opened by a voltage signal supplied from a row driver via the row selection line, and outputs a voltage signal supplied from a column driver via the column selection line to the transistor. Input to the current input terminal.
- a biological reaction can be detected as an electric signal, so that a detection signal from the sensor cell can be digitized by a computer device and processed for data, which is suitable for mass gene analysis.
- the pair of opposing electrodes are comb-shaped electrodes formed in a comb shape, or have a plurality of arc-shaped electrode portions having different inner diameters, and have an arc-shaped capacitance between the opposing electrode portions.
- This is an electrode for forming a capacitor. With this configuration, the capacitance of the capacitor can be increased, and the sensor sensitivity can be improved.
- the method for manufacturing a capacitive element according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a capacitive element whose capacitance value changes due to a biological reaction, comprising: forming a pair of opposed electrodes on an insulating substrate; Applying metal fine particles contained in the dispersant on the surface of the counter electrode; and drying the dispersant applied on the surface of the counter electrode, and fixing the metal fine particles on the surface of the counter electrode. And the step of causing By coating metal fine particles on the electrode surface, the capacitor area can be increased and the sensor sensitivity can be improved.
- the material of the metal fine particles is a material selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, platinum, and copper. By selecting these materials, the probe DNA can be easily fixed.
- the method further includes a step of applying the metal fine particles after forming an insulating film separating the pair of counter electrodes.
- an insulating film By forming such an insulating film, it is possible to effectively prevent electrical conduction between electrodes when applying metal fine particles.
- the capacitance of the capacitor can be increased, and the sensor sensitivity 'can be increased.
- the material of the insulating film is polyimide.
- the surface treatment is facilitated by using polyimide.
- the method includes a surface treatment step of making the surface of the counter electrode lyophilic and making the surface of the insulating film lyophobic.
- a surface treatment step of making the surface of the counter electrode lyophilic and making the surface of the insulating film lyophobic.
- the surface treatment step uses a gas containing fluorine or a fluorine compound in oxygen and performs a reduced-pressure plasma treatment under a reduced-pressure atmosphere or an atmospheric-pressure plasma treatment under an atmospheric-pressure atmosphere.
- the insulating film can be made lyophobic and the electrode surface can be made lyophilic.
- the method includes a step of immobilizing a biorecognition molecule that selectively reacts with a specific biomolecule, for example, a probe DNA as a receptor on the surface of the metal fine particle.
- a DNA microarray can be realized.
- the bioreaction detection method of the present invention comprises a biorecognition molecule that selectively reacts with a specific biomolecule as a receptor, and a receptor in which a pair of opposed electrodes having the receptor immobilized on an electrode surface are provided.
- An ejection step of ejecting the sample solution containing the specific biomolecule into the reaction well using a droplet ejection head, and a capacitance change amount of a capacitor constituted by the pair of opposed electrodes into an electric signal. Converting, and detecting the reaction. Since the sample solution is filled into the reaction tank by the droplet discharge head, accurate droplet discharge control to minute spots becomes possible.
- a current control terminal is connected to one of the pair of counter electrodes from a current output terminal of the transistor.
- the reaction is detected based on the amount of change in the output current value.
- the detection signal from the sensor cell can be digitized by a computer device and processed for data, which is suitable for mass gene analysis.
- the target DNA is prepared by using a droplet discharge head in a reaction well in which a capacitive element composed of a pair of comb-shaped counter electrodes having probe DNA fixed on the electrode surface is formed. Discharging a sample solution containing the sample solution, and a field-effect transistor in which a comb-shaped counter electrode and a gate terminal are connected to each other by a capacitance change amount of the capacitance element that fluctuates due to DNA hybridization in the reaction well. The step of detecting from the amount of change in the output current output from the drain terminal of the transistor, and the step of performing a gene analysis by analyzing the data of the output current output from the plurality of reaction levels with a computer device. Including. With this method, gene analysis can be performed easily and economically.
- the reaction well is formed in a sensor cell arranged in a matrix, and the base sequence of the probe DNA fixed in an adjacent sensor cell is prepared so as to be slightly different. Since DNA hybridization can occur even if the base sequences do not completely match, if the base sequence of the probe DNA is adjusted to be slightly different between adjacent sensor cells, the base current of the target DNA can be determined from the distribution of the output current of the sensor cells. The sequence can be deduced.
- FIG. 1 is a main circuit configuration diagram of the biosensor according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a main circuit configuration diagram of the biosensor according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of a pair of counter electrodes according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the counter electrode shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of a pair of counter electrodes according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the counter electrode shown in FIG.
- c 8 are manufacturing process sectional views of a pair of opposed electrodes according to the second embodiment is a plan view of a pair of opposed electrodes according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the counter electrode shown in FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 is a main circuit configuration diagram of a biosensor.
- the sensors are arranged in a matrix of N rows and M columns on the substrate 11, and are designated as sensor cells 10 forming a sensor cell matrix and a group of sensor cells 10 arranged in a column direction of the sensor cell matrix.
- the sensor cell 10 is a sensor for detecting the hybridization between the probe DN in the reaction well and the target DNA as an electric signal, and includes a capacitor C s for detecting DNA hybridization based on a change in capacitance, A switching transistor Tr1 for controlling the sensing function of the sensor cell 10 and a transistor for converting the hybridization between the probe DNA and the target DNA in the reaction well into an electric signal. And a transistor Tr 2 as a transducer (signal conversion element).
- the switching transistor Tr 1 and the transistor Tr 2 are field effect transistors (MOSFET).
- the capacitor Cs is formed in a reaction well formed in a concave shape on the substrate 11 and includes a pair of counter electrodes.
- the probe DNA is fixed to each of the electrodes at a high density, and a sample solution containing the target DNA is filled into the reaction well, so that the target DNA having a base sequence complementary to the probe DNA is hybridized. Therefore, a sensor having high specificity for a specific base sequence can be realized. Since the nucleotide sequence of the probe DNA fixed to each sensor cell 10 is known in advance, the nucleotide sequence of the target DNA can be determined from the sequence of the target DNAs to be hybridized.
- the current value output from the constant current source is uniquely determined by the gate voltage of the transistor Tr2.
- the DNA becomes a double-stranded DNA by complementary binding, so that the dielectric constant of the capacitor Cs and the distance between the electrodes change. Since the capacitance value of the capacitor Cs is proportional to the dielectric constant and inversely proportional to the distance between the electrodes, the capacitance value of the capacitor Cs fluctuates due to the above-mentioned high pre-sizing.
- the power supply voltage applied to the gate terminal of the transistor Tr 2 via the column selection line X i is determined by the capacitance value of the capacitor C s.
- the column selection line may be referred to as a voltage supply line, the row selection line as a scanning line, the column driver as an X driver, and the row driver as a Y driver.
- the biosensor of the present embodiment can also be called a biochip, a DNA chip, or a DNA microarray.
- FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of the capacitor Cs.
- the capacitor Cs is composed of a pair of comb-tooth electrodes 20 and 30 formed on the substrate 11.
- the comb-tooth electrode 20 and the comb-tooth electrode 30 are formed in a comb-tooth shape so as to be combined with each other, and are arranged to face each other with a small interval.
- the comb-tooth electrode 20 has comb-tooth portions 20a to 20d arranged substantially in parallel at substantially constant intervals, and the comb-tooth portion 30 is a comb-tooth portion 20a. And comb teeth 30a to 30d arranged substantially in parallel at substantially constant intervals so as to sandwich .about.20d.
- the capacitor area can be made as large as possible, so that the output accompanying the capacitance change can be increased, and the amount of change in the force current can be increased, and the sensing sensitivity can be improved.
- Gold, silver, platinum, copper, aluminum, or the like can be used as an electrode material for the comb-tooth electrode 20 and the comb-tooth electrode 30.
- Sputtering, plating, and the like can be used to form these electrode materials. It is possible to select a method suitable for the film forming material from the CVD method and the CVD method. For example, when using the sputtering method, a resist is applied on the substrate 11 and baked, then exposed / developed through a metal mask corresponding to the pattern of the comb-tooth electrode, and is applied to the entire surface of the resist. After forming the film by sputtering, the resist may be peeled off. Which electrode material is used may be determined in consideration of the fixing means of the probe D. For example, when the probe DNA is immobilized on the comb electrode 20 and the comb electrode 30 via a gold-sulfur coordination bond, gold, silver, platinum, and copper are preferable. In addition, a glass substrate, a plastic substrate, a silicon substrate, or the like can be used as the substrate 11.
- the capacitor C s shown in the figure shows only the bottom of the reaction well, and is surrounded by an insulating film such as a silicon oxide film. It is configured so that it can be filled. Also, since the reaction volume is about several ⁇ , It is preferable to use a droplet ejection head (ink jet head) for filling the sample solution containing the target DNA. According to the droplet discharge head, accurate droplet discharge control to a minute spot can be realized. In addition, in the case of this type of capacitive sensor, if there is a source of electrical noise around the sensor, the effect of the electrical noise due to the stray capacitance increases, so that the structure is such that the stray capacitance is as small as possible. Is preferred.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the capacitor Cs shown in FIG. 3, showing only the comb teeth 20a, the comb teeth 30a, and the comb teeth 20b.
- the comb-tooth electrode 20 and the comb-tooth electrode 30 are composed of a gold thin film patterned in a comb-like shape, and the surface thereof has a probe DNA 60 and a thiol group introduced at its end. They are linked via a gold-sulfur coordination bond.
- the technique for introducing a thiol group into an oligonucleotide is disclosed in detail in Chemistry Letters 1805-1808 (1994) or Nucleic Acids Res., 13,4484 (1985).
- the DNA strand that becomes the prop DNA 60 has a base sequence complementary to the target DNA, for example, a DNA strand extracted from a biological sample is cut with a restriction enzyme and decomposed by electrophoresis. Purified single-stranded DNA or biochemically synthesized oligonucleotides, PCR (polymerase chain reaction) products, cDNA and the like can be used.
- the target DNA DNA obtained by degrading a DNA chain extracted from a biological material by a gene degrading enzyme or sonication, or a single-stranded DNA amplified from a specific DNA chain by PCR is used. Can be used.
- a minute capacitor C s 1 is formed between the comb teeth 20 a and the comb teeth 30 a, and between the comb teeth 30 a and the comb teeth 20 b.
- a microcapacitor is also formed between the other comb teeth (not shown), and the individual DNA is rescued by hybridization of the probe DNA 60 and the target DNA.
- the capacitance of the small capacitor changes, and the sum of the changes appears as a change in the capacitance of the capacitor Cs.
- a change in the capacitance of the capacitor Cs is detected as a change in the output current of the sensor cell 10.
- biosensor receptor a case in which gene analysis is performed by using probe DNA as a biosensor receptor has been exemplified.
- the present invention is not limited to this. It is also possible to detect the enzyme substrate reaction by detecting the reaction or using the enzyme as an acceptor. That is, various biochemical substances can be sensed by appropriately selecting a biomolecule having a molecular recognition action as a receptor according to the use of the biosensor. Such biosensors can be applied to point-of-care devices and healthcare devices used at medical sites and individuals.
- the comb-shaped electrode by using the comb-shaped electrode, a large capacitor area can be secured, and the sensitivity of the sensor can be increased. Further, since the capacitor Cs having a relatively large capacity can be formed in a small area, the degree of integration of the sensor cells can be increased, and a large amount of genetic information can be analyzed at one time.
- the hybridization between the probe DNA and the target DNA can be converted into an electric signal and detected by T, it is suitable for real-time monitoring of the reaction. Further, it is not necessary to observe the fluorescence reaction of the target DNA labeled with a fluorescent dye as in the related art, and the apparatus configuration can be simplified.
- the detection signal from each sensor cell can be digitized and processed by a computer device, it is suitable for mass gene analysis.
- the reaction well has a size of about several ⁇ on one side, so it is possible to achieve high integration of the sensor array and to reduce the volume of the sample solution used for gene analysis, etc. Rate can be increased.
- the sample solution is Since filling can be performed, accurate droplet discharge control can be performed.
- Embodiment 2 of the invention 2.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of a second embodiment of the capacitor Cs.
- the distance between the opposing electrodes is made as small as possible by providing the insulating film 40 between the opposing comb-tooth electrodes 20 and 30 at a minute interval.
- the insulating film 40 electrically separates the comb-tooth electrode 20 and the comb-tooth electrode 30 from each other so as not to conduct (short-circuit). Can also be called.
- an organic insulating material such as polyimide is suitable.
- polyimi has a merit that it is easy to control the affinity (lyophilicity) with respect to droplets supplied from the outside in the manufacturing process of the capacitor Cs by performing the surface treatment.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the capacitor Cs shown in FIG. 5, and illustrates a state in which metal fine particles 50 are deposited on the surfaces of the comb-tooth electrode 20 and the comb-tooth electrode 30.
- the metal fine particles 50 can secure the capacitor capacity as much as possible and increase the sensor sensitivity.
- the probe DNA 60 can be bonded to the surface of the metal fine particles 50 via a gold-sulfur coordination bond.
- other materials applicable to the metal fine particles 50 for example, silver, platinum, copper and the like are preferable.
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the manufacturing process of the capacitor Cs.
- a comb electrode 20 and a comb electrode 30 are formed on a substrate 11 in a comb-like pattern. Is formed.
- a method of forming these electrodes for example, a sputtering method, a plating method, a CVD method, or the like can be used.
- an insulating film 40 is formed so as to fill the gap between the comb-tooth electrode 20 and the comb-tooth electrode 30.
- the insulating film 40 can be formed by any method such as a lithography method, a printing method, and an ink jet method.
- an insulating organic material is applied by a method such as spin coating, spray coating, roll coating, die coating, or dip coating, and a resist is applied thereon. Then, a mask is applied in accordance with the pattern shape of the comb-tooth electrode 20 and the comb-tooth electrode 30, the resist is exposed and Z-imaged, and a resist corresponding to the shape of the insulating film 40 is left. Finally, etching is performed to remove portions of the organic insulating material other than the mask.
- an organic insulating material may be directly applied so as to fill the gap between the comb-tooth electrode 20 and the comb-tooth electrode 30 by an arbitrary method such as an intaglio plate, a flat plate, or a relief plate.
- an organic insulating material may be applied so as to fill the gap between the comb-tooth electrode 20 and the comb-tooth electrode 30 and dried under an appropriate temperature condition.
- the metal fine particles 50 are dispersed in an appropriate dispersant 51, and the metal fine particles 50 are dispersed using a droplet discharge head 70 and the comb-teeth electrode 20 and the comb. Apply on tooth electrode 30.
- the dispersant 51 is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent capable of stably discharging droplets, and droplets can be discharged in a state where the metal fine particles 50 and the dispersant 51 are mixed. What is necessary is just a physical property value.
- the metal microparticles 50 deposited on the comb-tooth electrode 20 and the comb-tooth electrode 30 may be stacked in any number of layers, but there is no variation among individual sensor cells. It is desirable to disperse appropriately.
- the droplet discharge head 70 generates thermal air bubbles by utilizing thermal energy and discharges liquid droplets by a thermal jet method / bubble jet (registered trademark) method, or converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to generate liquid. Any of the piezo-jet methods for discharging droplets can be applied.
- the dispersant 51 is dried under appropriate temperature conditions, and the metal fine particles 50 are adsorbed on the surfaces of the comb-tooth electrode 20 and the comb-tooth electrode 30.
- the probe CNA is completed by bonding the probe DNA 60 to the metal fine particles 50.
- the metal fine particles 50 discharged from the droplet discharge head 70 are applied onto the insulating film 40, so that the metal fine particles 50 are formed.
- the function as a capacitor is not fulfilled.
- the surface treatment for example, a gas containing fluorine or a fluorine compound in oxygen is used, and a reduced-pressure plasma treatment or an atmospheric-pressure plasma treatment in which plasma irradiation is performed under a reduced-pressure atmosphere or an atmospheric pressure atmosphere is performed.
- unreacted groups are generated by the plasma discharge on the surface of the inorganic material, like the comb electrodes 20 and 30, and the unreacted groups are oxidized by oxygen, such as a carbonyl group or a hydroxyl group.
- Polar groups are generated. Polar groups have an affinity for liquids containing polar molecules, such as water, and have no affinity for liquids containing non-polar molecules.
- a phenomenon occurs in which fluorine compound molecules enter the surface of the organic material in parallel with the above reaction, and the surface becomes non-polar. Therefore, it shows non-affinity for liquids containing polar molecules such as water, and shows affinity for liquids containing non-polar molecules.
- a gas containing fluorine or a fluorine compound in oxygen a halogen gas such as CF 4 , CF 6 , or CHF 3 is preferable.
- the degree of lyophilicity to the dispersant 51 is desirably a contact angle of less than 20 degrees on the surfaces of the comb electrodes 20 and 30, and a contact angle of 50 degrees or more on the surface of the insulating film 40. desirable.
- the insulating film 40 is provided between the pair of comb-teeth electrodes constituting the capacitor Cs and the distance between the electrodes is set as short as possible, the capacitance of the capacitor Cs is increased. The sensitivity of the sensor can be increased.
- the capacitor area can be increased, and the sensitivity of the sensor can be increased.
- the insulating film 40 conduction between the electrodes can be prevented even when the metal fine particles 50 discharged from the droplet discharge head 70 overflow from the surface of the comb electrode. .
- the affinity between the surface of the comb electrode and the surface of the insulating film for the droplets (particularly, the dispersant containing metal fine particles) discharged from the droplet discharge head 70 can be controlled by surface treatment such as atmospheric pressure plasma treatment.
- Embodiment 3 of the invention 3.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view of the third embodiment of the capacitor Cs.
- the capacitor Cs is constituted by a pair of counter electrodes (electrodes 80, 90) formed in an arc shape.
- Electrodes 80 have different inner diameters
- Electrode portions 80a, 80b, 80c formed substantially concentrically as described above, while electrodes 90a are formed substantially concentrically so that their inner diameters are different.
- 90 b, and 90 c In these electrode portions, a positive electrode and a negative electrode are alternately arranged, and between the inner peripheral surface of the electrode portion 80a and the outer peripheral surface of the electrode portion 90a, the inner peripheral surface of the electrode portion 90a.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the capacitor c .
- Each of the electrode portions 80a, 90a, .80b, and 90c described above has an insulating film 14 patterned in an arc shape on the substrate 11. It is a metal thin film formed so as to cover, and gold, silver, platinum, copper and the like are preferable.
- these electrode portions 80 a, 90 a, 80 b,..., 90 c are formed in a convex shape, the capacitor area can be increased, thereby contributing to an improvement in sensor sensitivity. .
- the probe DNA 60 is fixed to the surfaces of these electrode portions 80 a, 90 a, 80 b,..., 90 c by gold-sulfur coordination bond or the like.
- the distance between the electrodes can be reduced, and the capacitance of the capacitor can be as large as possible. May be configured to increase the Further, by depositing metal fine particles on the surface of these electrode portions, the capacitor area may be as large as possible and the sensor sensitivity may be increased. It is desirable to apply the metal fine particles by discharging the metal fine particles mixed with the dispersant from a droplet discharge head.
- FIG. 2 is a main circuit configuration diagram in another embodiment of the biosensor.
- the sensors are arranged in a matrix of N rows and M columns on a substrate 11,
- a column driver that drives a sensor cell 10 constituting a sensor cell matrix and a column selection line ⁇ , X 2 ,... for supplying a predetermined voltage to a group of sensor cells 10 arranged in the column direction of the sensor cell matrix.
- a row driver 1 that selects a group of sensor cells 10 arranged in the row direction of the sensor cell matrices 12 and a row selection line ⁇ , ⁇ 2 ,..., for switching control of a sensing function in the sensor cell 10. 3 is provided.
- the sensor cell 10 is composed of a pair of electrodes, and includes a capacitor C s for detecting DNA hybridization in the reaction well, and switching transistors Tr 3 and T T for controlling the sensing function of the sensor cell 10. r 4 and a transistor Tr 5 as a transducer for converting DNA hybridization into an electric signal.
- the configuration of the capacitor Cs may be any of the configurations of the above-described first to third embodiments. ' ⁇
- the outline of the operation principle of the sensor cell 10 will be described.
- the transistor T r 5 operates in the pinch off region, to output very stable drain current with respect to variation or temperature change in the power supply voltage supplied from the column select line X 2, and electrically constant current source become equivalent.
- the current value output from the constant current source is uniquely determined by the gate voltage of transistor Tr5.
- the switching transistor Tr3 since the switching transistor Tr3 is in the ON state, the power supply voltage supplied from the column selection line X is transmitted to the gate terminal of the transistor Tr5 via the capacitor CS. Since the voltage applied to the gate terminal of the transistor Tr5 is determined by the capacitance of the capacitor Cs, a change in the capacitance of the capacitor Cs can be detected as a change in the drain current of the transistor Tr5.
- the detection signal from each sensor cell can be converted into a numerical value by a computer device and subjected to data processing, which is suitable for mass gene analysis.
- a biological reaction can be detected as an electric signal, so that real-time monitoring can be performed, and further, a detection signal from each sensor cell can be converted into a numerical value by a computer to perform data processing. Suitable for analysis. Further, it is not necessary to observe the fluorescence reaction of the target DNA labeled with a fluorescent dye as in the related art, and the apparatus configuration can be simplified.
- the comb-shaped electrode a large capacitor area can be secured, and the sensitivity of the sensor can be increased. Further, by depositing metal fine particles on the surfaces of the pair of counter electrodes, the area of the capacitor can be increased, and the sensor sensitivity can be increased.
- the present invention it becomes possible to realize a sensor cell, a biosensor, a capacitive element, a method for producing them, a biological reaction detection method, and a gene analysis method capable of analyzing a large amount of genetic information in a simple configuration in real time.
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03746449A EP1450156A4 (en) | 2002-04-12 | 2003-04-10 | DETECTION CELL, BIOSENSOR, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CAPACITIVE DEVICE, METHOD FOR DETECTING BIOLOGICAL REACTION, METHOD FOR GENETIC ANALYSIS |
JP2003584694A JPWO2003087798A1 (ja) | 2002-04-12 | 2003-04-10 | センサセル、バイオセンサ、容量素子の製造方法、生体反応検出方法、及び遺伝子解析方法 |
KR1020047007610A KR100712027B1 (ko) | 2002-04-12 | 2003-04-10 | 센서 셀, 바이오 센서, 용량 소자의 제조 방법, 생체 반응검출 방법, 및 유전자 분석 방법 |
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JP2017083462A (ja) * | 2014-03-31 | 2017-05-18 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 電気化学測定デバイス |
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JP2016038367A (ja) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-03-22 | 渡辺 浩志 | 半導体バイオセンサー |
JP2019507892A (ja) * | 2016-02-09 | 2019-03-22 | ロズウェル バイオテクノロジーズ,インコーポレイテッド | 電子的、標識フリーのdnaおよびゲノムシークエンシング |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1450156A4 (en) | 2006-10-18 |
TW200306415A (en) | 2003-11-16 |
KR20040054783A (ko) | 2004-06-25 |
KR100712027B1 (ko) | 2007-05-02 |
US20040110277A1 (en) | 2004-06-10 |
JPWO2003087798A1 (ja) | 2005-08-18 |
TW594003B (en) | 2004-06-21 |
CN1602423A (zh) | 2005-03-30 |
EP1450156A1 (en) | 2004-08-25 |
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