Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
  • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
  • C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
  • B32B17/10678—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising UV absorbers or stabilizers, e.g. antioxidants
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L81/02—Polythioethers; Polythioether-ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L81/04—Polysulfides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L29/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a mixture comprising at least one plastic A, in particular polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or a polysulfide, and at least one polyester B which can be prepared from a dicarboxylic acid I and at least one diol II selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol and a monocarboxylic acid III.
• PVC polyvinyl chloride
• PVB polyvinyl butyral
• a polysulfide a polysulfide
• polyester B which can be prepared from a dicarboxylic acid I and at least one diol II selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol and a monocarboxylic acid III.
• dicarboxylic acid diesters composed of a dicarboxylic acid and an alkylene glycol monoether can be used as plasticizers for polyvinyl butyral or a polysulfide.
• Cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof are also used as plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride or polyvinyl acetals, in particular polyvinyl butyral, as described, for example, in DE 10116812.8.
• polyesters are also used as plasticizers for plastics.
• Polyester plasticizers are generally made by esterifying polyhydric alcohols with a polycarboxylic acid.
• terminal alcohol groups in syntheses with an excess of alcohol can be terminated with monocarboxylic acids or terminal acid groups in syntheses with an excess of acid with monohydric alcohols.
• Polyester plasticizers are mainly used in the production of foils, coatings, profiles, floor coverings and cables based on soft PVC, when there are increased demands on extraction resistance, especially against petrol, oils and fats, UV resistance and volatility of the plasticizer.
• GB 1 173 323 describes polyester plasticizers based on adipic acid and 1,3-butanediol, the terminal acid groups of which are terminated with 2-ethylhexanol, isodecanol or isohexanol.
• the polyesters are said to be suitable as plasticizers for PVC and are particularly notable for their high extraction resistance to hexane, kerosene, alkaline solutions and soapy water.
• No. 5,281,647 describes polyester plasticizers which are prepared by esterification of adipic acid, trimethylpentanediol and propylene glycol and whose terminal acid groups are terminated with 2-ethylhexanol.
• the polyesters are said to be suitable as plasticizers for PVC and rubber and are characterized by a high extraction resistance to oils and soapy water.
• RO 104 737 describes polyester plasticizers based on adipic acid and propylene glycol, the terminal acid groups of which are sealed with 2-ethylhexanol.
• the polyesters are said to be suitable as plasticizers for PVC and, in particular, to have good storage stability.
• polyester plasticizers described in GB 1 173 323, US 5 281 647 and RO 104 737 are that, on the one hand, they do not have sufficiently good compatibility with plastics, in particular with PVC, PVB and polysulfide; H. they perspire to a considerable extent during use and thus lead to a partial loss of the elastic properties of the plastic articles produced using the polyester plasticizer. On the other hand, they do not have sufficient cold-elastic properties, which is why the use of plastic articles made with these plasticizers outdoors is limited.
• the present invention was therefore based on the primary object of providing mixtures comprising a plastic, in particular polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or a polysulfide, and substances which, because of their physical and material properties, are suitable for use as plasticizers in plastics, and are characterized by good compatibility and lead to good cold-elastic properties in the plastic articles produced with these plasticizers.
• a plastic in particular polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or a polysulfide
• this object is achieved by mixtures comprising at least one plastic A and at least one polyester B, the polyester B being producible from a dicarboxylic acid I, at least one diol II selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol and a monocarboxylic acid III.
• a polyester B which can be prepared from a dicarboxylic acid I, at least one diol II selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4- Butanediol and a monocarboxylic acid III are understood in the context of the present invention in particular that a dicarboxylic acid I is linked by ester formation with at least one diol II selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol and that the terminal hydroxyl groups of the diol not linked to the dicarboxylic acid are esterified with a monocarboxylic acid.
• a diol II selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol alone or a mixture of two or more thereof or a mixture of a diol can be used for the preparation of polyester B.
• II selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol can be used with one or more other diols.
• dicarboxylic acids I for building up polyester B are aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, preferably aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 9 carbon atoms, for example adipic acid.
• the present invention therefore relates to mixtures comprising at least one plastic A and at least one polyester B, the dicarboxylic acid I being an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 9 carbon atoms, preferably adipic acid.
• diols which, in addition to the at least one diol II selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol, are suitable for building up the polyester B according to the invention are, for example, 1,2-ethanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 2-methyl-l, 3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1, 2-hexanediol, 1,3-hexanediol, 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, hydroxypivalic acid mononeopenty
• Acids particularly suitable according to the invention as monocarboxylic acid III are, for example, acetic acid, propionic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, n-heptanoic acid or benzoic acid.
• acetic acid is particularly preferred as monocarboxylic acid III.
• polyester plasticizers according to the invention are obtained in a manner known per se by esterification of the dicarboxylic acid I with at least one diol II from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol and optionally further diols in the presence of a monocarboxylic acid III as terminating groups.
• the chain length or the average molecular weight of the polyester plasticizer is controlled by adding monocarboxylic acid III.
• acetic acid and esterification catalysts for example dialkyl titanates, methanesulfonic acid or sulfuric acid, preferably isopropyl butyl titanate
• reaction mixture is then further heated to 200 ° C. to 250 ° C., a vacuum of 150 mbar to 300 mbar is applied and further water of reaction is removed from the reaction mixture by passing nitrogen through it.
• the reaction mixture is stirred under vacuum and passing nitrogen through at 200 ° C. to 250 ° C. until the acid number of the reaction mixture has reached a value of ⁇ 15 mg KOH / g.
• the reaction mixture for the esterification of the free hydroxyl groups is then preferably pumped into a second kettle and stirred at 200 ° C. to 250 ° C., a vacuum of 10 mbar to 150 mbar and with the removal of residual water by passing an increased nitrogen flow until the acid number the reaction mixture has reached a value of ⁇ 1.0 mg KOH / g.
• the reaction product is then preferably filtered at 100 ° C. to 140 ° C.
• the polyesters B according to the invention consist of 35 to 50 mol% of dicarboxylic acid I, in particular adipic acid, preferably 40 to 48 mol%, particularly preferably 42 to 46 mol%, 5 to 50 mol% of at least one diol II from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol, preferably 10 to 49 mol%, particularly preferably 20 to 48 mol%, and optionally 2 to 35 mol% of one or more further diols, preferably 15 to 30 mol%, particularly preferably 20 to 28 mol%, and 2 to 20 mol% monocarboxylic acid III, in particular acetic acid, preferably 5 to 15 mol%, particularly preferably 6 to 10 mol%, the sum the mol% must always be 100 mol%.
• diol II from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butan
• the polyesters B according to the invention have a density of 1.00 to 1.30 g / cm 3 , preferably 1.10 to 1.20 g / cm 3 , particularly preferably 1.12 to 1.16 g / cm 3 Viscosity from 500 to 20,000 mPa * s, preferably from 1,500 to 15,000 mPa * s, particularly preferably from 2,000 to 12,000 mPa * s, a refractive index n ⁇ 20 from 1.450 to 1.490, preferably from 1.455 to 1.480, particularly preferably from 1.460 to 1.475, and an average molecular weight (number average), determined by means of GPC, from 500 to 15000, preferably from 1000 to 10000, particularly preferably from 2000 to 8000.
• the content of at least one polyester B of the mixtures is, for example, 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 5 to 40% by weight, in particular 10 to 30% by weight, in each case based on the total all components.
• polyesters according to the invention are suitable as plasticizers for plastics. They are very well tolerated with plastics, in particular with PVC, PVB and polysulfide, and have very good cold-elastic properties in the plastic articles produced with these plasticizers.
• a plasticizer is understood to mean a substance which reduces the hardness of a plastic, in particular polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl butyral or a polysulfide, in the mixture according to the invention.
• the compatibility of a plasticizer in a plastic is determined by storing the plasticized plastic at a temperature of 70 ° C and 100% relative humidity for a longer period of time and determining the weight loss due to exudation of the plasticizer after certain time intervals by weighing.
• the present invention relates to mixtures comprising at least one plastic A and at least one polyester B, the plastic A being selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl chloride and polysulfide.
• the present invention therefore also relates to the use of a polyester B which can be prepared from a dicarboxylic acid I and at least one diol II selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol and a monocarboxylic acid III as a plasticizer for polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl chloride or polysulfide.
• plastics A preferably contained in the mixture according to the invention will be described in more detail below.
• Polyvinyl acetals are obtained from polyvinyl alcohol by conversion with aldehydes. In addition to cyclic acetal groups, the polyvinyl acetals can also have hydroxyl and acetate groups.
• Polyvinyl butyral is produced, for example, by reacting a solution of polyvinyl alcohol in water with butyraldehyde and acid. The resulting PVB falls out of solution in this process.
• polyvinyl butyral is produced in a three-stage process over polyvinyl alcohol, starting from acetylene and acetic acid for the production of vinyl acetate as a monomer. Since vinyl alcohol is unstable as a free compound and is not available for polymerization, the polyvinyl acetate is converted to polyvinyl alcohol by hydrolysis in the presence of methanol. Acetalization of the polyvinyl alcohol with butyraldehyde in an acidic medium produces polyvinyl butyral.
• Variants of the PVB resin are achieved, for example, by the choice of the molecular weight of the starting polyvinyl acetate, by the degree of hydrolysis to polyvinyl alcohol and by the amount of butyraldehyde used for the acetalization. Accordingly, PVB can also be considered as a terpolymer of vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol and vinyl butyral.
• the properties of PVB are primarily determined by the proportion of free hydroxyl groups, which is determined by the degree of hydrolysis of the polyvinyl acetate to polyvinyl alcohol and by the amount of butyraldehyde used in the acetalization.
• the proportion of free hydroxyl groups is generally 5 to 50%, preferably 10 to 40% and particularly preferably 15 to 25%.
• the softening temperature of the PVB is 80 to 150 ° C., in particular 90 to 140 ° C.
• Polyvinyl butyral is used in particular for the production of films.
• PVB films typically have a thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm, in particular 0.4 to 1.5 mm.
• a polysulfide is understood to mean a polymer which has thioether groups.
• the polysulfides can be linear or branched or can also be cross-linked.
• the polysulfides used according to the invention can also have further functional groups in the main or in the side chains.
• the mixtures according to the invention can also comprise two or more different polysulfides.
• the polysulfides contained in the mixtures according to the invention can also have further functional groups, in particular ether groups, aromatic groups or also urethane groups.
• the polysulfides used according to the invention are preferably polymeric alkyl thioethers, and in the context of the present invention the alkyl groups can be linear or branched.
• Polysulfides are produced in particular by polycondensation of alkali polysulfides, for example sodium pentasulfide, with alkyldihalides, such as, for example, 1,2-dichloroethane and bis (2-chloroethoxy) methane.
• alkyldihalides such as, for example, 1,2-dichloroethane and bis (2-chloroethoxy) methane.
• Trihalides such as 1, 2, 3 -trichloropropane, can also be added for crosslinking.
• the properties of the polysulfides depend in particular on the type of alkyl radical, the sulfur content and the molecular weight, and the crosslinking density of the polysulfide.
• the molar masses of the polysulfides contained in the mixtures according to the invention are preferably in the range from 1000 to 8000 g / mol.
• the crosslinking density influences the hardness of the polysulfides, the crosslinking taking place, for example, via sulfur bridges by reaction of terminal mercapto groups.
• the crosslinking density is in the range from 0.01 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.02 to 5 mol%, in particular 0.05 to 2 mol%.
• the polysulfides contained in the mixtures according to the invention are temperature-resistant in a range from -50 to 125 ° C., in particular from -35 to 100 ° C.
• Polysulfides are used, for example, for the production of sealing compounds, in particular sealing compounds for insulating glass.
• Polyvinyl chloride is obtained by homopolymerizing vinyl chloride.
• the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) used according to the invention can be produced, for example, by suspension polymerization, microsuspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization or bulk polymerization.
• the production of PVC by polymerizing vinyl chloride and the production and composition of plasticized PVC are described, for example, in "Becker / Braun, Kunststoff-Handbuch, Volume 2/1: Polyvinylchlorid", 2nd edition, Carl Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff-Handbuch, Volume 2/1: Polyvinylchlorid", 2nd edition, Carl Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff-Handbuch, Volume 2/1: Polyvinylchlorid", 2nd edition, Carl Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff-Handbuch, Volume 2/1: Polyvinylchlorid", 2nd edition, Carl Hanser Verlag
• plasticizers Depending on the content of plasticizers, a distinction is made between mixtures containing a plasticizer and polyvinyl chloride between rigid PVC ( ⁇ 0.1% plasticizer) and soft PVC (> 0.1% plasticizer).
• the K value which characterizes the molar mass of PVC and is determined in accordance with DIN 53726, is between 57 and 90, preferably between 61 and 85, in particular between 64 and 75, for the PVC used according to the invention.
• the polyvinyl acetal, in particular PVB, PVC or a polysulfide content of the mixtures is 20 to 99% by weight, preferably 45 to 95% by weight, particularly preferably 50 to 90% by weight. % and in particular 55 to 85 wt .-%, each based on the sum of all components.
• the mixtures according to the invention can also contain other suitable additives.
• suitable additives for example, stabilizers, lubricants, fillers, pigments, flame retardants, light stabilizers, blowing agents, polymeric processing aids, impact modifiers, optical brighteners, antistatic agents or bio-stabilizers can be included.
• Stabilizers neutralize in particular the hydrochloric acid split off during and / or after the processing of PVC.
• All conventional PVC stabilizers in solid and liquid form are suitable as stabilizers, for example conventional Ca / Zn, Ba / Zn, Pb or Sn stabilizers and also acid-binding layered silicates such as hydrotalcite.
• the mixtures according to the invention can have a stabilizer content of 0.05 to 7%, preferably 0.1 to 5%, particularly preferably 0.2 to 4% and in particular 0.5 to 3%, in each case based on the sum of all components.
• Lubricants should act between the plastic particles and counteract frictional forces when mixing, plasticizing and deforming.
• the mixtures according to the invention can contain all lubricants customary for the processing of plastics.
• hydrocarbons such as oils, paraffins and PE axes, fatty alcohols with 6 to 20 carbon atoms, ketones, carboxylic acids such as fatty acids and monanoic acid, oxidized PE wax, metal salts of carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid amides and carboxylic acid esters, for example with the alcohols Ethanol, fatty alcohols, glycerin, ethanediol, pentaerythritol and long-chain carboxylic acids as acid components.
• the mixtures according to the invention can have a lubricant content of 0.01 to 10%, preferably 0.05 to 5%, particularly preferably 0.1 to 3% and in particular 0.2 to 2%, in each case based on the sum of all components.
• Fillers have a positive influence on the compressive, tensile and flexural strength as well as the hardness and heat resistance of plasticized plastic, especially PVC, PVB or polysulfides.
• the mixtures can also contain fillers such as carbon black and other inorganic fillers such as natural calcium carbonates, for example chalk, limestone and marble, synthetic calcium carbonates, dolomite, silicates, silica, sand, diatomaceous earth, aluminum silicates such as kaolin, mica and feldspar , Calcium carbonates, chalk, dolomite, kaolin, silicates, talc or carbon black are preferably used as fillers.
• the mixtures according to the invention can have a filler content of 0.01 to 80%, preferably 0.1 to 60%, particularly preferably 0.5 to 50% and in particular 1 to 40%, in each case based on the sum of all components.
• the mixtures according to the invention can also contain pigments in order to adapt the product obtained to different possible uses.
• Cadmium pigments such as CdS
• cobalt pigments such as CoO / Al 2 O 3
• chromium pigments for example Cr 2 O 3
• suitable organic pigments are monoazo pigments, fused azo pigments, azomethine pigments, Aj thrachinone pigments, quinacridones, phthalocyanine pigments, dioxazine pigments and aniline pigments.
• the mixtures according to the invention can have a pigment content of 0.01 to 10%, preferably 0.05 to 5%, particularly preferably 0.1 to 3% and in particular 0.5 to 2%, in each case based on the sum of all components.
• the mixtures according to the invention can also contain flame retardants.
• ammonium trioxide, phosphate ester, chlorine paraffm, aluminum hydroxide, boron compounds, molybdenum trioxide, ferrocene, calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate can be used as flame inhibitors.
• the mixtures according to the invention can have a content of flarrmi inhibitors of 0.01 to 10%, preferably 0.1 to 8%, particularly preferably 0.2 to 5% and in particular 0.5 to 3%, in each case based on the sum of all components.
• the mixtures can also contain light stabilizers.
• hydroxybenzophenones or hydroxyphenylbenzotriazoles can be used in the context of the present invention.
• the mixtures according to the invention can have a content of light stabilizers from 0.01 to 7%, preferably 0.1 to 5%, particularly preferably from 0.2 to 4% and in particular from 0.5 to 3%, in each case based on the sum of all components.
• the mixtures according to the invention can also be selected from the group consisting of homopolymers and copolymers based on ethylene, propylene, butadiene, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, acrylates and methacrylates with alcohol components from branched or unbranched Cl to C10 - Contain alcohols, styrene or acrylonitrile.
• Examples include polyacrylates with the same or different alcohol residues from the group of C4 to C8 alcohols, especially butanol, hexanol, octanol and 2-ethylhexanol, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymers, methyl methacrylate-butyl methacrylate copolymers, ethylene Vinyl acetate copolymers, chlorinated polyethylene, nitrile rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers, ethylene-propylene copolymers, ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene elastomers and methyl methacrylate -styrene-butadiene copolymers.
• the mixtures according to the invention comprising polyvinyl butyral or polysulfides can also contain, in particular, regulators for the adhesion behavior to glass, such as sodium salts, in particular sodium acetate and sodium lecithin, as additives.
• regulators for the adhesion behavior to glass such as sodium salts, in particular sodium acetate and sodium lecithin, as additives.
• the mixtures according to the invention comprising at least one polysulfide as additives may also contain phenolic resins, epoxy- and mercapto-functionalized silanes or epoxy resins.
• the mixtures according to the invention comprising polysulfides can, for example, also contain curing agents such as lead dioxide, calcium peroxide, zinc peroxide or manganese dioxide.
• the mixtures according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of plasticized plastic articles due to the high compatibility of the components, that is to say plastic A and polyester B.
• the present invention therefore also relates to the use of a mixture comprising at least one plastic A, in particular polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or a polysulfide, and at least one polyester B which can be prepared from a dicarboxylic acid I and at least one diol II selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol and a monocarboxylic acid III, in housings for electrical appliances, such as kitchen appliances and computer housings, pipelines, devices, cables, wire jackets, window profiles, for interior fittings, in vehicle and furniture construction, in floor coverings, medical articles, food packaging, seals, sealing compounds, sealing compounds for insulating glass, foils, roofing foils, composite foils, foils for laminated safety
• the invention also relates to articles which comprise a mixture comprising at least one plastic A, in particular polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or a polysulfide, and at least one polyester B which can be prepared from a dicarboxylic acid I and at least one diol II selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol and a monocarboxylic acid III.
• PVC polyvinyl chloride
• PVB polyvinyl butyral
• polyester B which can be prepared from a dicarboxylic acid I and at least one diol II selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol and a monocarboxylic acid III.
• An object of the invention can, for example, a housing for electrical equipment, a Rolir ein, a device, a cable, a wire sheathing, a window profile, a floor covering, a medical article, a toy, a food packaging, a seal, a sealant, a sealant for Insulating glass, a film, a roof covering film, a composite film, a film for laminated safety glass, in particular for the automotive sector and the architecture sector, a record, synthetic leather, a packaging container, an adhesive tape film, clothing, a coating or a fiber for fabrics.
• PVB articles, in particular PVB films, produced with the mixtures according to the invention are notable for high strength, very good ductility and excellent adhesion to glass surfaces. This enables the production of very flexible films with good transparency and light resistance and very good glass adhesion, which is particularly important for use as films for the production of laminated safety glass.
• the strength and extensibility of PVB films is determined in particular by the Shore hardness A and D (determination according to DIN 53505), the breaking stress (determination according to DIN EN ISO 527, parts 1 and 3), the elongation at break (determination according to DIN EN ISO 527, parts 1 and 3) and the stress at 100%) elongation (determination according to DIN EN ISO 527, parts 1 and 3).
• polysulfide sealants produced with the mixtures according to the invention are not only characterized by high elasticity and low gas permeability, but also by good weather resistance, good chemical resistance, in particular swelling resistance, and good aging resistance.
• the cold-elastic properties of plasticized plastics are preferably characterized with the aid of the cold fracture temperature and the torsional rigidity.
• the cold break temperature is the temperature at which a plasticized plastic shows the first visible damage in the cold under mechanical stress.
• the cold break temperature is determined in accordance with DIN 53372.
• Torsional rigidity is the temperature at which a plasticized plastic can be rotated by a certain angle when a defined force is applied.
• the torsional stiffness is determined in accordance with DIN 53447.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

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• 2001
  • 2001-08-23 DE DE10141250A patent/DE10141250A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2002
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  • 2002-08-15 AR ARP020103076A patent/AR035136A1/es unknown
  • 2002-08-22 EP EP02796265A patent/EP1423476B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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  • 2002-08-22 CA CA002457222A patent/CA2457222A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-08-22 PT PT02796265T patent/PT1423476E/pt unknown
  • 2002-08-22 US US10/487,083 patent/US7135524B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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  • 2002-08-22 JP JP2003523541A patent/JP2005501156A/ja active Pending
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• 2004
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