Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
  • C03C25/10—Coating
  • C03C25/42—Coatings containing inorganic materials
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
  • C03C25/10—Coating
  • C03C25/465—Coatings containing composite materials
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the creation, on mineral fibers, of mineral coatings having pores of dimensions selected in the range from 0.2 to 50 nm; in the following description, the term “microporous” refers to pore sizes from 0.2 to 2 nm and the term “mesoporous” to pore dimensions from 2 to 50 nm.
• These fibers with a specific surface thus increased are capable of constituting excellent supports for catalysts or adsorbent elements, in particular in the field of treatment or filtration of liquid or gaseous effluents.
• Their catalytic or photocatalytic activity can come from different modified forms of mesoporous silica: insertion of transition elements in their silica network for the oxidation of olefins, insertion of aluminum for acid catalysis for the cracking of hydrocarbons for example, inclusion of metal clusters of Ni, Mo, Pd, Ag, Cu or Fe, or their oxides, TiO 2 for photocatalysis.
• powdered or granulated materials sold by the company Mobil under the name M41S are already known, having pores of dimensions greater than 1.5 nm (maximum dimension in zeolites). These materials are highly sought after in the field of catalysis. Their very high specific surface, the monodispersity of the pore sizes and the low tortuosity of their porous network indeed guarantee respectively a high activity, a high selectivity and a rapid diffusion of the species inside the pores. The relatively large size of their pores make them specially suitable for catalysis involving large compounds.
• Application EP-1 044 935 A1 describes the creation of pores directly on glass fibers by a subtractive process such as an acid attack; WO-99/37705 A1 mentions the spinability of compositions with a view to obtaining porous fibers in their bulk. These two types of relatively brittle and brittle fibers, of a perfectible cohesion, have limited mechanical properties.
• the invention relates to fibers with a microporous or mesoporous surface which can be put into a form with high mechanical resistance, such as a mat, a veil, a fabric, a felt or the like, in which the fibers are associated as the case may be. appropriate to a binder.
• the subject of the invention is a mineral fiber provided with an essentially mineral microporous or mesoporous coating.
• the fiber of the invention consists of a glass or silica.
• microporous or mesoporous coating is advantageously based on at least one compound of at least one of the elements: Si, W, Sb, Ti, Zr, Ta, V, B, Pb, Mg, Al, Mn, Co, Ni, Sn, Zn, In, Fe and Mo, where appropriate in covalent bond with elements such as O, S, N, C or the like.
• the invention also relates to a product comprising fibers as described above and optionally an organic constituent of the type of a binder, with a specific surface at least equal to 10 m 2 / g, in particular at least equal to 30 m 2 / g.
• the specific surfaces are extracted from N 2 adsorption isotherm measurements at the temperature of liquid nitrogen and calculated according to the BET model.
• this product is in the form of a mat, a veil, a felt, a wool, cut fibers, a continuous yarn in particular coiled, or a fabric .
• Another object of the invention resides in a process for creating a microporous or mesoporous coating on fibers in order to obtain a product as described above.
• This process includes:
• a nucleation temperature (birth of the crystals) of 90 to 150 ° C. is successively implemented, then a crystal growth temperature of 150 to 190 ° C. .
• a veil of glass fibers is subjected to the treatment described below.
• This veil can be defined by a weight content of 3% starch, an average fiber diameter of 12 ⁇ m, a specific surface area less than 0.2 m 2 / g and the following fiber composition, expressed in weight percentages:
• a strip of the veil, 40 cm wide, is coated with a solution by spraying or immersion, continuously.
• the solution contains, for 1 mole of Si (OC 2 H5) 4 -tetraethoxysilane, TEOS for short, 10 moles of water at pH 2 (adjusted by HCl), 40 moles of 96% ethanol and x moles of a block copolymer polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene, marketed by BASF under the registered trademark Pluronic PE 6200.
• the veil is placed in an oven at 200 ° C on line for 10 minutes.
• the veil is then subjected to a heat treatment comprising:
• This heat treatment is intended to eliminate the organic assembling groups formed by the block copolymer and around which the polymerization of the TEOS silica precursor has taken place. This elimination gives way to a porous network.
• Another effect of heat treatment is to remove the starch initially present in the veil.
• the weight percentage of coating deposited relative to the initial weight of the veil minus the initial weight of starch is evaluated, the specific surface of the veil (according to the method described above) and the average pore diameter, according to the isotherm method. of desorption according to the BJH model.
• the results are recorded in the tables below, in which x denotes the number of moles of block copolymer present in the treatment solution for one mole of TEOS.
• the sample driven by a conveyor belt at a speed of 30 m / h, is successively subjected to immersion in the solution, to suction through the band by vacuum of 150 mm of water for a first sample, respectively more than 220 mm of water for a second sample then to a passage in an oven at 230 ° C intended to evaporate the solvents.
• the sample is then calcined according to the same thermal cycle as described in Example 1 in order to eliminate the organic assembling groups to form the porous network as explained above.
• the specific surface is evaluated by the same method as above: 86 m 2 / g and 87 m 2 / g for the first, respectively the second sample.
• the median pore radii are 6.7 and 6.8 nm respectively.
• the distribution of specific surfaces according to the pore radii is shown in the table below. A% y denotes the proportion of specific surface associated with the indicated pore radius range. TABLE 4 (distribution of specific surfaces according to pore radii)
• EXAMPLE 3 A veil of textile fibers 15 ⁇ m in diameter is treated, glass of the following composition, expressed in weight percentages: - Si O 2 : 55.8 - AI 2 O 3 13
• This veil is further characterized by a specific surface less than
• gel E A composition is prepared, called gel E, and comprising in moles:
• EXAMPLE 4 A veil of glass fibers with the same specific surface area and the same composition as in Example 3 is treated. Two solutions of the following molar compositions are prepared:
• compositions and the fibers are brought into contact in a composition / fiber mass ratio equal to 6, at first at a relatively low nucleation temperature (130 ° C.), that is to say the birth of the crystals, then in a second step at a higher temperature (170 ° C.) at which the actual crystallization takes place, that is to say the growth of the crystals.
• the pore diameters are almost entirely between 3 and 8 ⁇ as in Example 3. It can be seen that the use of a nucleation temperature and a crystallization temperature as described above makes it possible to reduce the coating formation time and increase the adhesion of the porous coating on the fiber. High specific surfaces are reached.
• the mechanical remanences as defined in Example 3 are at least 25%, which makes it possible to envisage an application as a zeolite under the most demanding mechanical stress conditions.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
• Catalysts (AREA)
• Glass Compositions (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Inorganic Fibers (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Citations (3)

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• 2001
  • 2001-07-25 FR FR0109902A patent/FR2827856B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2002
  • 2002-07-24 RU RU2004105270/03A patent/RU2341475C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-07-24 KR KR1020047001164A patent/KR100891258B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-07-24 CN CNA028188071A patent/CN1558878A/zh active Pending
  • 2002-07-24 AT AT02770055T patent/ATE344218T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-07-24 US US10/484,724 patent/US20040197552A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-07-24 EP EP02770055A patent/EP1409428B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-07-24 ES ES02770055T patent/ES2275003T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-07-24 WO PCT/FR2002/002644 patent/WO2003010106A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2002-07-24 CN CN2011103510765A patent/CN102531413A/zh active Pending
  • 2002-07-24 PT PT02770055T patent/PT1409428E/pt unknown
  • 2002-07-24 DE DE60215816T patent/DE60215816T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-07-24 JP JP2003515470A patent/JP2004536014A/ja not_active Withdrawn

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