WO2002038495A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur wasserstoffgewinnung mittels eines katalytischen mikrohohlfaser-reformers - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur wasserstoffgewinnung mittels eines katalytischen mikrohohlfaser-reformers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002038495A1 WO2002038495A1 PCT/EP2001/013031 EP0113031W WO0238495A1 WO 2002038495 A1 WO2002038495 A1 WO 2002038495A1 EP 0113031 W EP0113031 W EP 0113031W WO 0238495 A1 WO0238495 A1 WO 0238495A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- reformer
- catalyst
- hydrogen
- hollow
- tubular
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001652 poly(etherketoneketone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000306 polymethylpentene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011116 polymethylpentene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010290 vacuum plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940105296 zinc peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000579895 Chlorostilbon Species 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910005566 NiAlMo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006501 ZrSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012700 ceramic precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical class [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical class [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium oxide Chemical compound O=[Sc]O[Sc]=O HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/323—Catalytic reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds other than hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/326—Catalytic reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds other than hydrocarbons with gasifying agents characterised by the catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2475—Membrane reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for hydrogen production by means of a catalytic micro hollow fiber reformer.
- the longer-lived low-temperature fuel cells mainly use hydrogen to generate electricity. It is therefore common to generate hydrogen for low-temperature fuel cells in so-called reformers.
- the hydrogen generated in the reformer is fed to the low-temperature fuel cell.
- An essential component of a reformer is the catalyst, which, for example, has to catalyze the CH 3 OH + H2O ⁇ 3H2 + CO2 reaction in methanol reforming.
- the catalysts which catalyze the production of hydrogen for example catalysts based on copper, zinc, aluminum, copper oxide, zinc oxide and aluminum oxide or mixtures thereof, for example CuO / ZnO / AkO 3 , are present in granular form in so-called integral fixed beds .
- Fixed bed catalysts of this type have the disadvantage that they wear out quickly due to movement and particle contact and thereby decrease in the catalytic reaction because there is a loss of catalyst surface area. They then have to be replaced or renewed at great expense, which results in unnecessary work and costs.
- Due to the bulk material used, these known reformers also have the disadvantage that it takes some time to reach the reaction light-off temperature for hydrogen generation.
- the process according to the invention for the production of hydrogen is characterized in that one or more CnHm compounds and / or their oxidized product (s) is or are introduced into a reformer, this being equipped with a tubular catalyst, and wherein the CnHm compound (s) and / or their oxidized product (s) first flow around or rinse the outside of the catalyst and then flow vectorially through the lumen of the catalyst, or vice versa.
- tubular catalyst is understood to mean hollow micro fibers, ie fibers which have a lumen, that is to say a cavity, in the middle of the fibers in the longitudinal direction. device, wherein only a single micro hollow fiber can serve as a catalyst. This creates a large reaction area with a small volume.
- the term “rinsing” is to be understood in connection with the method according to the invention in such a way that the outer wall of the hollow fiber is in contact with the CnHm compound or its oxidized product. Optimal process control is ensured when essentially the entire outer surface of the hollow micro fibers comes into contact with the CnHm compound or its oxidized product, so that the largest possible reaction area is available.
- the CnHm compound or its oxidized product is preferably fed continuously, so that the amount present in and around the hollow fiber is kept constant at all times, but also for reaction-kinetic reasons in order to ensure a quantity control.
- the tubular catalyst is designed in the form of hollow micro fibers, which means that their equivalent outer diameters are in the range from a few tenths of a micron to a few millimeters.
- nanofibers has also become more and more common to refer to fibers with a diameter of less than 10 ⁇ m, which can also be used as storage or, according to the invention, as a fuel tank.
- “hollow micro fibers” are understood to mean hollow micro fibers which a) have been generated from inorganic or ceramic intermediate products, b) from metal in the ground state (ie as a floury substance) which is coated with a polymer, for example a feedstock polymer , was added (the proportion of polymer is about 20 to 33% by weight, preferably about 25 to 28; this mixture is known today under the term "feed stock” and can be used for moldings and for spinning) c) were obtained from the molten metal by generation, d) were produced from mineralogical form or pottery, or e) were obtained by galvanic means.
- a polymer for example a feedstock polymer
- Single micro hollow fiber and micro hollow fibers according to the present invention can be used in a reformer are described, for example, in PCT / EP 97/00255 by the same applicant.
- Such hollow micro fibers can be produced in the spinning process with very small wall thicknesses of approximately 0.01 to 15 ⁇ m and equivalent outer diameters down to 0.5 to 35 ⁇ m. Due to the small dimensions, these hollow micro fibers have textile properties, ie they can be easily bent without breaking.
- the hollow micro fibers can be produced with exact dimensions, the range of fluctuation in wall thickness and equivalent outer diameter being no more than ⁇ 6%.
- the precision of adhering to the sizes of the diameter and in particular the wall thickness ensures a homogeneous reaction process over the entire length of the hollow fiber.
- the hollow micro fibers described in PCT / EP 97/00255 are hollow micro fibers made of ceramic material or the corresponding green bodies. If one speaks of a "ceramic material" in connection with this, then this is to be understood in the broadest sense. It is a collective term for materials made up of inorganic and predominantly non-metallic compounds or elements, which in particular represent materials crystallized to more than 30 vol. In this context, reference is made to Römpp Chemie Lexikon, 9th edition, Volume 3, 1990, pp. 2193 to 2195.
- the ceramic micro hollow fibers preferably consist of an oxidic, silicate, nitridic and / or carbidic ceramic material.
- Such ceramic hollow fibers based on aluminum oxide, calcium phosphate (apatite) or related phosphates, porcelain or cordierite-like compositions, mullite, titanium oxide, titanates, zirconium oxide, zirconium silicate, zirconates, spinels, emerald, sapphire, corundum, nitrides are particularly preferred or carbides of silicon or other chemical elements or mixtures thereof.
- the substances known in ceramics such as MgO, CaO, ZrOi, ZrSiO 4 , Y 2 O 3 and others, or their precursors, are optionally added to the main inorganic constituents.
- Nano-hollow carbon fibers polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone ketone, polymethylpentene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl difluoride (PVDE), polymeric proteins can also be used.
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PVDE polyvinyl difluoride
- Polymeric proteins can also be used.
- Mixed oxides, spinels and zeolites can also be used.
- an emulsion, dispersion and / or suspension which contains the precursor of a ceramic material and a binder which can be removed under the action of heat is preferably formed into green hollow micro fibers in a manner known per se and the binder is removed under the action of heat.
- the dispersion can be applied to a core made of an organic compact fiber, in which case both the core and the binders are removed under the action of heat.
- the dispersion can vary in amounts, e.g. contain up to 95 wt .-%, preferably about 40 to 70 wt .-%, of dispersion medium.
- a dispersion medium can also be omitted if the binder e.g. is thermoplastic and can be melted to a low-viscosity mass without significant decomposition.
- Ceramic precursors or precursors mentioned above are particularly suitable: clay minerals, in particular kaolin, illite, montmorillite, metal hydroxides, such as aluminum hydroxide, mixed metal hydroxides / oxides, such as A1OOH, mixed metal oxides / halides, metal oxides, such as BeO, MgO , AhO 3 , Zr ⁇ 2 and TK, metal nitrates, such as Al (NO 3 ) 3 , metal alcoholates, in particular aluminum alcoholates, such as Al (iPrO) 3 , Al (sec-BuO) 3, magnesium aluminosilicates, feldspar, zeolites, Böhmrite or mixtures of two or more of the materials mentioned.
- Textile micro hollow fibers are preferably made of an oxide of the titanium group, which is stabilized with one or more rare earth metals.
- Textile micro-hollow fibers made from yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide are particularly preferred. These can also receive scandium oxide.
- the binder which can be removed under the influence of heat.
- the binder be film-forming.
- These can be, for example, urea, polyvinyl alcohol, wax, gelatin, agar, protein, saccharides.
- organic aids such as binders, adjusting agents, defoamers and preservatives four are used.
- the mixture of the precursor of the karmic material and the binder which can be removed under the action of heat is in the form of a dispersion, which term is to be seen broadly.
- these can be emulsions and suspensions that are regularly in the form of a paste.
- the dispersion medium Generally it will be water.
- an organic solvent such as an alcohol or acetone, possibly also in admixture with water, is also conceivable as a liquid. So-called sol-gel processes, for example based on polyvinyl alcohol, are particularly advantageous here.
- the SOFQ solid electrolyte hollow micro fibers preferably consist of zirconium dioxide with SeOx and YtOx.
- the PEM solid electrolyte hollow micro fibers are preferably sulfonated.
- the cathodes for the SOFQ micro hollow fibers are made of manganese lanthanate as the electrical conductor.
- the procedure is in particular as part of a spinning process in such a way that the dispersion is placed in a feed container or pressure vessel of a spinning device, the dispersion is conveyed through the spinning device at a temperature of about 20 to 400 ° C. and is pressed through nozzle ring openings or nozzle profile openings.
- the partial streams generated in the area of the nozzle openings are divided in the middle by cores or by means for blowing in a gas, and the partial streams are solidified by heating, by irradiation or by the access of a reaction partner to form green hollow micro fibers and then, if appropriate, burned to form tight hollow micro fibers. Further details can be found in the international application WO 97/00225 already mentioned.
- the required hollow fibers from planar, smooth or to produce structured plastic or bipolar foils, which are rolled into stalks or wound into spiral or spiral tubes. After shaping the straws or spiral tubes, they are fired ceramic.
- the solgel process has proven to be particularly suitable for producing the films.
- PCT / EP 97/00255 is hereby expressly made part of the content of the present application, both with regard to the hollow ceramic micro fibers and with regard to the manufacturing processes explained in detail there.
- tubular catalysts i.e. the micro hollow fibers can also be obtained directly from the melt.
- Hollow micro fibers produced in this way and the related manufacturing process are described in detail in PCT / EP 98/04410 by the same applicant. This is also included in full in the disclosure content of the present application.
- the hollow micro fibers can also be obtained from, for example, zinc and copper oxide in mineralogical form or as pottery. This is done with the help of catalysts such as monosilane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen (which are also catalyst reducing agents and catalyst activators), V2O5, tungsten trioxide and TiO 2 .
- catalysts such as monosilane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen (which are also catalyst reducing agents and catalyst activators), V2O5, tungsten trioxide and TiO 2 .
- the catalysts themselves are reduced.
- the corresponding carbonates can also be used.
- the surface can be applied by vitriol coating on the micro-hollow fiber surfaces, even after they have been installed in the frame.
- the lumen can be formed in any way. It has proven to be preferred if the lumen formation is carried out as described in PCT / EP 97/00225 or in PCT / EP 98/02410.
- the tubular catalyst ie the hollow micro fibers, can consist exclusively of catalyst material or there can be a coating with the catalyst material on a support material.
- the micro hollow fibers can be partially or preferably completely covered with catalyst material.
- materials such as coal, ceramic materials, textile material, polymer material and also sulfonated or fluorinated polymers can be coated with catalyst material.
- the thickness of the applied layer is approximately a few atomic layers up to 14 ⁇ m, preferably 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m and in particular approximately 1 to approximately 3 ⁇ m.
- tubular catalyst or the original coating is defective, it is possible to simply apply new catalyst material without the need to dispose of the original coating.
- the following materials have proven to be a particularly suitable catalyst material: metals, such as copper, zinc, aluminum, platinum, palladium and ruthenium, which can also be spun from the melt into hollow fibers by means of the so-called wet spinning process.
- Preferred catalyst materials are furthermore Cu, CuO, ZnO, AkO 3 , TiO 2 (in particular in its anatase form), WO 3 , V2O5, Fe 3 O, Fe 2 O 3 , molybdenum oxides, nickel oxides and mixed oxides thereof, aluminosilicates, such as cordierite, Spinels, also with traces of strontium, zeolites, such as faujasite, SiC, hematite and magnetite.
- the catalyst is preferably in a porous state.
- tubular catalyst has the advantage that the substances subjected to catalysis come into contact with the catalyst material in the form of a hollow fiber with the outside and inside thereof. This leads to a doubling of the residence time and better utilization of the catalytically active material.
- the tubular catalyst must of course be able to extract hydrogen from the CnHm compounds used or their oxidized products. talysieren.
- methanol the following reaction is catalyzed: CH 3 OH + H2O - 3H 2 + CO2.
- the following catalysts are particularly suitable for methanol reforming: Cu, ZnO, CuO, Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , V2O5, WO 3 , TiO 2 , MoO and MnO. The best results are achieved with ZnO / CuO / Fe 2 O 3 as a catalyst.
- the ends are bound in a frame in a dimensionally stable manner.
- the stacked hollow micro fibers thus form a disk of finite thickness, which is limited by the frame.
- the hollow fibers can be bound in the frame in any suitable manner, for example by casting the hollow fiber ends with the frame.
- the ends of the hollow fibers are exposed on the outer circumference of the frame, so that access to the hollow fiber lumen is guaranteed.
- the hollow micro fibers are preferably parallel to one another in the stack, and the frame can have a round or polygonal, in particular rectangular or square, shape.
- the hollow micro fibers of a stack preferably have essentially the same length.
- the frame can also be designed as an annular flange in which the hollow micro fibers are randomly staggered and held. This arrangement has the advantage of requiring little time in the manufacturing process and contributing to extremely low reject rates.
- any reformer can be used. Of course, this must have the following basic properties: low flow resistance, high thermal conductivity, short light-off time, high productivity and electrolysis capability. It is preferred to use a pressure vessel, since between atmospheric pressure and higher pressure up to 2 or 5 bar the fertility is affected. Without pressure, hydrogen and additional oxygen can preferably be obtained from methyl alcohol by means of electrolysis.
- the reformer also serves as a tank.
- Natural gas, biomass, biogas, ethanol, methanol, gasoline, diesel, heating oil, urea solution and ammonia or ammonia solution can be used as CnHm compounds or their oxidized products.
- methanol is preferred because it can be stored well and could be stored in the existing petrol stations, but is also frost-proof when mixed with water and can therefore be used for deicing.
- methanol is used as a source of hydrogen by converting water and methanol into hydrogen and CO2 by means of a heterogeneous catalytic reaction
- the favorable properties of methanol in terms of energy, density and storage weight can be combined with the favorable emission-specific properties of hydrogen.
- the prerequisite for this is an oxidation of the hydrogen obtained at low temperature, as here at room temperature from 22 ° C to reaction temperatures from 50 to 130 ° C. This prevents the formation of NOx.
- the tubular catalysts used in the process according to the invention are effective at a lower temperature than, for example, the granular products known from the prior art. This means that the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the tubular catalysts according to the invention is more favorable.
- Biogas which always contains ammoniacal and sulfurous compounds, can also be used in the reformers according to the invention, since the tubular catalysts can be regenerated again and again. This is advantageous compared to known fixed bed catalysts, which are first emptied and then again need to be regenerated. The associated cost and effort savings are not inconsiderable.
- the CnHm compounds used or their oxidized products can be used as a gas or as a liquid.
- Oxidized products are understood to mean all types of oxygen-containing CnHm compounds, for example ethanol and methanol.
- the process according to the invention is carried out in such a way that one or more CnHm compounds and / or their oxidized product (s) are introduced into the reformer in one or preferably in several substreams.
- the outer walls of the catalyst are then first washed around and then the introduced compounds are guided through the lumen of the catalyst, which is in the form of hollow micro fibers.
- the reverse reaction path is also conceivable. Hydrogen is thus formed by catalysis, which after separation from the by-product (s), which arise depending on the CnHm compound used or its oxidized product, e.g. is passed into a fuel cell.
- the hydrogen is separated from the by-products and, if necessary, cleaned again before use in a fuel cell, for example.
- the separation of carbon dioxide from hydrogen is preferably carried out using a gas separation membrane.
- CO2 can also be returned to the reformer and used for mefhanol synthesis according to the reaction equation CO2 + 3H2 - »CH 3 OH + H2O. Then there is practically a zero emission.
- the CO2 obtained can also be used as a starting product for the production of synthesis gas which is known per se.
- the resulting carbon dioxide can also be stored as barium carbonate and can then be released again if necessary. Storage of the carbon dioxide in a molecular sieve is also conceivable.
- carbon dioxide can also be converted to carbon monoxide and water using hydrogen or used to produce methane according to CO2 + 4H 2 - »CH4 + 2H2O.
- the medium ie the CnHm compound or its oxidized product
- this temperature is between approximately 50 to 280 ° C., preferably between approximately 180 and 230 ° C., and in particular between 80 and 150 ° C.
- zeolite condensation atmospheres, catalyst burners, heat transfer media and heat pipes can be used.
- the wall thickness of the micro hollow fibers used is between approximately 0.01 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably between approximately 0.05 to 10 ⁇ m, in particular between approximately 0.3 to 6 ⁇ m.
- the outer diameter of the hollow fibers is approximately 0.05 to 100 ⁇ m, in particular approximately 0.5 to 3.5 and very particularly preferably approximately 1.5 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the catalyst content is about 0.1 to 10% by weight, in particular about 0.2 to 2% by weight.
- the catalyst can preferably be warmed up from the frame. It is advantageous here that the frame in which the tubular catalytic converter is arranged is made of the same material as it is itself.
- the faster operating conductivity achieves the necessary operating temperature earlier, which leads to the desired reaction starting immediately.
- a faster thermal conductivity is achieved if the wall thickness is as thin as possible.
- a thin wall thickness also has the advantage that the weight decreases.
- the mbular catalysts built into a reformer have the advantage of a larger surface area with less material weight. Efficiency is also significantly increased with a tubular catalyst, because the use of a tubular catalyst reduces the the effective loading of the catalyst.
- the yield of hydrogen is higher than that of reformers using catalysts with other morphologies, ie no mbular catalysts, by about 1-15%.
- the reformer according to the invention in which a tubular catalyst is installed, has a high dynamic range , The load capacity of the catalyst is high with a small reformer size.
- the composition of the water / methanol mixture present in the reformer is 1 to 15, in particular 1 to 10.
- the pressure in the reformer is between 0.01 and 15 bar, preferably between 0.01 and 3 bar, and particularly preferably between 0.1 and 0.5 bar.
- the reformer can be replaced by an electrolyzer. If methanol is used as the CnHm compound, then the same reforming result as with the reformer can be obtained by means of electrolysis, pure oxygen being additionally obtained. If methanol is used as the electrolyte, this is of great importance, for example, for use in motor vehicles, because methanol is frost-proof. In contrast to reformers, which run at around +240 to 380 ° C, a temperature of only around 40 ° C or even less is required for an electrolyzer. Of course, when using an electrolyser, gasoline or diesel can also be used, whereby the same result is obtained as when using a reformer. In addition, however, oxygen is obtained in its purest form.
- the electrolyzer according to the invention is used to obtain hydrogen by electrolysis, a large number of stacked hollow micro fibers, the inner and outer surfaces of which support the anodes or cathodes, being bound in a frame in a dimensionally stable manner.
- Electrolyzers which can be used according to the invention are described, for example, in PCT / EP 00/02973, to which reference is expressly made here. All proven diaphragm materials from bipolar diaphragm technology, such as nano-carbon fibers, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone ketone, polymethylpentene, zirconium oxide, PTFE, polypropylene, can be used as starting materials for the hollow micro fibers used in the electrolyser.
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- PTFE polypropylene
- the diaphragm films or polymer films are coated with the electrode material on both sides. Metals such as magnesium, aluminum or spinels etc. are suitable as the electrode material.
- the vacuum plasma spraying process has proven to be a very suitable method for producing the electrodes. In this thermal coating process, the sprayed material is injected in powder form into a plasma jet, melted by it and carried along, in order then to be deposited on the film as a layer. By optimizing the spray parameters, specific coatings with the electrode material with different surface morphology can be realized, whereby the voltage losses during water electrolysis can be considerably reduced.
- One example here is vacuum plasma spraying of gas-diluted NiAlMo powder, a highly structured surface, a so-called Raney nickel, being produced by largely leaching out the Al content.
- a highly structured surface is desirable in order to enable effective application or storage of catalysts for the process according to the invention.
- Another possibility for producing such a highly structured or cancellous surface of the electrode material is a method which is known under the expression "anodic oxidation".
- a catalyst material suitable for the reaction used in the process according to the invention is applied to the electrode layer or into the cancellous surface thereof.
- the catalyst is applied in the form of clusters. It must be in the porous state in order not to hinder the passage of ions through the hollow micro-fiber membrane.
- Figure la an approximately true-to-original longitudinal section through a micro-hollow fiber housing reformer for use in the inventive method; the CnHm compounds and water are preferably fed in from below; gas escapes at the other end;
- Figure lb shows a cross section through the micro hollow fiber housing reformer of Figure la;
- Figure lc is an enlarged schematic representation of a hollow fiber stack in the micro-hollow fiber housing reformer
- FIG. 2 shows an enlarged catalytic single micro-hollow fiber reformer with the frame 4;
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a process control according to the invention.
- FIGS la and lb show a micro hollow fiber suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention. This is designated in its entirety by 1.
- This micro hollow fiber 1 is semipermeable or parasemipermeable.
- the micro hollow fiber can be produced by spinning as well as by extrusion of a film and subsequent winding or turning of the film into a tube.
- Figure lc the arrangement of the hollow micro fiber 1 is shown schematically in a frame 4, in which the ends of the hollow micro fibers are firmly integrated, for example by casting.
- the frame 4 is located in the separating membrane space 3. 2 represents the gas inflow space and 5 the cover.
- the individual hollow micro fibers lie tightly packed and are stacked over the entire height of the frame perpendicular to the plane of the figure.
- the frame 4 is preferably rectangular or square, the hollow micro fibers 1 being arranged parallel to one another.
- FIG. 2 shows a reforming reactor unit designed as a module. This withstands the developing pressures of 12 bar.
- the structure of the reformer is as follows: pressure vessel with frame to hold the tubular catalyst.
- Methanol is introduced into the reformer.
- the micro hollow fiber stack first comes into contact on the outside and then in the lumen. This creates Hz and CO 2 .
- the hydrogen / carbon dioxide mixture can be separated in a likewise tubular gas separation membrane 6 by means of the so-called cross-flow membrane hydrogen separation. Hydrogen is obtained as a permeate. Reformer and gas separation membrane are preferably in one atmosphere. This avoids or minimizes temperature losses.
- the methanol reforming according to the invention takes place with a methanol conversion of greater than 98%.
- the hydrogen can then be fed to the actual fuel cell.
- the CO2 can be discharged from the test or returned to the reformer, which in turn produces methanol.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of the tubular gas separation membrane 6.
- FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of the course of the reaction in a schematic representation.
- Methanol enters the tubular catalyst, which is made up of several hollow fibers 1 integrated into a frame 4.
- the circulation overflow 7 flows on to the gas separation membrane 6. Entry into the lumen 8 of the hollow fibers takes place after methanol has first flowed around the outside of the catalyst.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU2002218295A AU2002218295A1 (en) | 2000-11-12 | 2001-11-09 | Method and device for obtaining hydrogen by means of a catalytic micro-hollow fibre reformer |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10055835.6 | 2000-11-12 | ||
DE10055835 | 2000-11-12 |
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WO2002038495A1 true WO2002038495A1 (de) | 2002-05-16 |
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PCT/EP2001/013031 WO2002038495A1 (de) | 2000-11-12 | 2001-11-09 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur wasserstoffgewinnung mittels eines katalytischen mikrohohlfaser-reformers |
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AU (1) | AU2002218295A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002038495A1 (de) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59147642A (ja) * | 1983-02-15 | 1984-08-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 一酸化炭素転化触媒 |
DE4132438A1 (de) * | 1990-12-27 | 1992-07-02 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur gewinnung von wasserstoff |
JPH05105407A (ja) * | 1991-10-14 | 1993-04-27 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | 水素製造装置 |
EP0677327A1 (de) * | 1994-02-18 | 1995-10-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Katalytisches material für die Reformierung von Kohlenwasserstoffen und ihre Konfiguration |
WO1997026225A1 (de) * | 1996-01-21 | 1997-07-24 | Klaus Rennebeck | Mikrohohlfaser aus keramischem material, ein verfahren zu deren herstellung sowie deren verwendung |
WO2000065129A1 (de) * | 1999-04-25 | 2000-11-02 | Klaus Rennebeck | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur gewinnung von wasserstoff |
WO2001012312A2 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2001-02-22 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Chemical reactor and method for catalytic gas phase reactions |
-
2001
- 2001-11-09 WO PCT/EP2001/013031 patent/WO2002038495A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-09 AU AU2002218295A patent/AU2002218295A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59147642A (ja) * | 1983-02-15 | 1984-08-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 一酸化炭素転化触媒 |
DE4132438A1 (de) * | 1990-12-27 | 1992-07-02 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur gewinnung von wasserstoff |
JPH05105407A (ja) * | 1991-10-14 | 1993-04-27 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | 水素製造装置 |
EP0677327A1 (de) * | 1994-02-18 | 1995-10-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Katalytisches material für die Reformierung von Kohlenwasserstoffen und ihre Konfiguration |
WO1997026225A1 (de) * | 1996-01-21 | 1997-07-24 | Klaus Rennebeck | Mikrohohlfaser aus keramischem material, ein verfahren zu deren herstellung sowie deren verwendung |
WO2000065129A1 (de) * | 1999-04-25 | 2000-11-02 | Klaus Rennebeck | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur gewinnung von wasserstoff |
WO2001012312A2 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2001-02-22 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Chemical reactor and method for catalytic gas phase reactions |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 008, no. 279 (C - 257) 20 December 1984 (1984-12-20) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 452 (C - 1099) 19 August 1993 (1993-08-19) * |
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AU2002218295A1 (en) | 2002-05-21 |
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