WO2002027068A1 - Systeme de prevention de la corrosion et procede de transport d'eau fraiche - Google Patents

Systeme de prevention de la corrosion et procede de transport d'eau fraiche Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002027068A1
WO2002027068A1 PCT/US2001/030717 US0130717W WO0227068A1 WO 2002027068 A1 WO2002027068 A1 WO 2002027068A1 US 0130717 W US0130717 W US 0130717W WO 0227068 A1 WO0227068 A1 WO 0227068A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
cargo tank
fresh water
water
tanks
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2001/030717
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jens Korsgaard
Original Assignee
Jens Korsgaard
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jens Korsgaard filed Critical Jens Korsgaard
Priority to AU2002211336A priority Critical patent/AU2002211336A1/en
Publication of WO2002027068A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002027068A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B59/00—Hull protection specially adapted for vessels; Cleaning devices specially adapted for vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the transport of fresh water at sea by tanker vessels that have steel cargo tanks that are wholly or partly uncoated and not protected against corrosion by a paint system.
  • Fresh water is an extremely price sensitive commodity. Therefore a particularly attractive solution to transport of fresh water is the use of old crude oil tankers that must be phased out of crude oil transport due to pollution risk concerns. Many of these tankers are well maintained vessels in good condition that can safely serve as fresh water carriers for many years more provided they can be adequately cleaned and provided that they can be operated in a manner that maintains the quality of water in the transport process.
  • a traditional method consists of sandblasting the tanks to remove all rust and old paint. Following the removal of the rust and old paint, a paint system is applied to the tank floor, walls, and ceiling. If an appropriate paint system is used then contamination of the transported water may be completely avoided.
  • This invention teaches a method of transporting fresh water in tanker vessels with uncoated or partially coated steel tanks in a manner which minimizes corrosion of the tanks and minimizes contamination of the transported water.
  • the typical oil tanker has a so-called inert gas system aboard that may be used to replace the atmosphere in the tanks.
  • the purpose of this system is to prevent the formation of explosive oxygen-hydrocarbon .mixtures in the tanks when the vessel is in crude oil service.
  • the inert gas system typically comprises systems that cool and wash the flue gases from the engines and circulate this gas in the tanks.
  • This gas typically has about 80% nitrogen, 17% carbon dioxide and 3% oxygen.
  • the gas cannot support combustion, however, it is highly corrosive in the presence of water because of the combined content of carbon dioxide and oxygen and therefore not suitable as a protective gas when the tanker returns empty.
  • the present invention teaches the filling of the space being emptied of water when the tanker discharges with a gas that does not react chemically with the tank walls and thereby preventing corrosion.
  • This gas may for example be pure nitrogen, methane, ethane, c3 hydrocarbons, c4 hydrocarbons, a number of gases used for refrigeration systems, or a mixture of these gases.
  • the present invention furthermore teaches the use of flammable gases as the protective gas for the cargo tanks, the compression and storage of these gases when the cargo being loaded drives the gas out of the tanks and the use of these gases as fuel for propulsion of the vessel. This reduces the volume of compressed gas storage aboard the vessel that is required when using gas as a fuel for the propulsion of the ship because compressed gas storage capacity is then only required for a one way trip .
  • Figure 1 shows the general arrangement of cargo tanks in a typical oil tanker.
  • Figure 2 shows a first embodiment of the invention in which the tanks in the tanker are filled with a gas not reacting with the tank surfaces when the tanker is empty.
  • Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention in which the tanks in the tanker are filled with a flammable gas when the tanker is empty.
  • the tanker has in addition a pressurized storage for flammable gas and the flammable gas is used for fuel aboard the tanker.
  • Figure 4 shows schematically the operations of the second embodiment .
  • Figure 5 shows schematically the operations of a third embodiment similar to the second embodiment in which the flammable gas is compressed on shore rather than aboard the tanker.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a typical oil tanker.
  • the tanker vessel 10 is divided into a number of compartments below deck shown with dotted lines.
  • the vessel has a number of cargo tanks 11 and ballast tanks 13.
  • the ballast tanks 13 are usually filled with seawater when the tanks 11 are empty.
  • the compartment 12 contains the machinery (not shown) of vessel 10.
  • the machinery includes the pumps and piping (not shown for distributing and pumping the cargoes and the ballast water.
  • the connection 15 and piping 18 permit the transfer of the cargo of the vessel.
  • the vessel 10 is shown to have a manifold 15, 16 at only the port side of the vessel, however, it would usually also have a corresponding manifold (not shown) on the starboard side of the vessel.
  • the vessel 10 also has a connection 16 and piping 17 that permit the transfer of gases contained in the top of the tanks 11 and 13. Additional connections (not shown) may be placed at the keel of the vessel to permit transfer via a submersible mooring buoy of the type described in US patent 5305703.
  • Figure 2 shows a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a cut-away view of the tanker 10 shown in figure 1.
  • the tanker 10 is shown at the destination port floating in the sea with surface 19 during discharge of a cargo of water in tanks 11.
  • the tanker 10 is shown in partly discharged condition.
  • the water cargo 20 is at the bottom of tank 11 and the top of tank 11 is filled with a gas 21.
  • the water 20 and the gas 21 are separated by the water surface 22.
  • the gas 21 is a gas that does not react with the surfaces of tank 11 and thereby prevents the oxidation of the surfaces of tank 11 which would occur if gas 21 contained oxygen it for example being atmospheric air.
  • Gas 21 may be any one of a number of different gases such as nitrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, ethane, propane, butane, or a combination thereof. Other possible gases include common refrigeration gases such as CFC and inert gases such as argon or neon.
  • the gas 21 may be received from shore piping (not shown) and distributed to tanks 11 through piping 17.
  • Figure 2 also shows the tanker 10 at the loading port. Only in this case the water cargo 20 is received from shore by means (not shown) through piping 18 and the gas 21 is discharged to shore through piping 17 to receiving means (not shown) on shore .
  • FIG 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention in which the gas filling the tanks 11 when they are empty is compressed and stored in a high-pressure storage tank 34 for carriage during the loaded voyage when the tanks 11 are filled.
  • Figure 3 shows the tanker 10 at the loading port (not shown) where the tanker 10 receives the cargo 20 of water.
  • the gas 21 in the tanks 11 is displaced by the rising water surface 22.
  • This gas 21 is conveyed through pipes 17 and 31 to compressor 30 that compresses the gas and discharges the compressed gas through pipe 32 and valve 33 into storage tank 34.
  • Storage tank 34 is for clarity shown placed vertically on the forecastle of vessel 10.
  • Tank 34 would ordinarily be comprised of multiple tanks placed within the hull of tanker 10 or placed horizontally on the deck of tanker 10.
  • the maximum operating pressure of tank 34 would depend on the composition of gas 21. In the event that the gas 21 can be easily liquefied at ambient temperature such as for example butane and propane the maximum operating pressure of tank 34 may be in the range of 0.4 to 2.0 MPa gage. In the event gas 21 is a natural gas comprised for example of ' a mixture of methane, ethane, and propane then the maximum operating pressure of tank 34 may be in the range of 10 Mpa to 25 Mpa gage. In the event gas 21 is an inert gas such as nitrogen then the maximum operating pressure of tank 34 may be in the range of 5 to 20 Mpa gage.
  • FIG. 3 shows a pipe 41 between tank 34 and the machinery (not shown) in engine compartment 13 in vessel 10.
  • tank 34 may serve as the fuel supply for operating the tanker 10 by opening valve 40.
  • This method of operating tanker 10 is particularly economical if the gas is available at the receiving point (not shown) of the water.
  • the tanks 11 may be filled with natural gas via the pipes 17 and the tank 34 may simultaneously be filled with compressed natural gas through compressor 30 when the cargo 20 is discharged from the tanker 10.
  • the practicality of this method of operation may be illustrated by the following example.
  • the tanker 10 may be a tanker with a capacity of 300,000 m3 of water, i.e., the combined volume of all tanks 11 is 300,000 m3.
  • a tanker of this size would typically have a fuel consumption of 150 tonnes/day.
  • the density of natural gas at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20 deg. C is approximately 1 kg/m3.
  • the tank 34 may have a capacity of 300 tonnes of natural gas.
  • the one way voyage time is two days, then the fuel consumption one way matches the capacity and content of compressed gas tank 34.
  • the gas 21 is displaced by the cargo 20 and is transferred by compressor 30 to tank 34.
  • the compressed gas tank 34 would typically cost approximately $15,000 per tonne of capacity of natural gas therefore this invention saves significant capital cost, saves fuel costs, and at the same time provides a non-corrosive protective gas in tanks 11 when they are empty.
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically the operations of the first embodiment shown in figures 2 and 3.
  • Figure 5 shows schematically the operations of a third embodiment similar to the operation illustrated in figure 4.
  • the means to compress the gas is in this embodiment located on shore and is not carried on the ship. Otherwise this embodiment is similar to the second embodiment.
  • the water that is carried by the tanker is usually oxygen rich with oxygen content on the order of 7 ppm.
  • the surfaces of the tanks that are continually immersed in the water may be protected against corrosion by the known technology of impressed current cathodic protection.
  • the cathodic protection is however not effective in preventing corrosion of the surfaces that are alternately immersed and above the water due to sloshing of the water in the tanks .
  • Such corrosion may be avoided by removing the oxygen from the water before it being shipped.
  • a range of known technologies not described herein may do this.
  • corrosion of the tanks in the tanker may be completely avoided.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de transport d'eau fraîche, qui consiste à remplir une partie d'au moins un camion-citerne avec de l'eau fraîche; et à remplir une partie restante du camion-citerne avec du gaz non réactif au contact d'une surface du camion-citerne, ce qui empêche l'oxydation de ladite surface du camion-citerne. Dans une autre forme de réalisation, le procédé consiste à remplir au moins un camion-citerne avec du gaz; à remplir le camion-citerne avec de l'eau fraîche et à déplacer un volume correspondant du gaz; et à stocker le gaz déplacé, lequel ne réagit pas au contact d'une surface du camion-citerne, ce qui empêche l'oxydation de ladite surface du camion-citerne. L'invention concerne en outre un système de protection contre la corrosion, qui comprend au moins un camion-citerne; un arrangement configuré pour remplir une partie du camion-citerne avec de l'eau fraîche; et un arrangement configuré pour remplir une partie restante du camion-citerne avec du gaz, lequel ne réagit pas au contact d'une surface du camion-citerne, ce qui empêche l'oxydation de ladite surface du camion-citerne.
PCT/US2001/030717 2000-09-27 2001-09-27 Systeme de prevention de la corrosion et procede de transport d'eau fraiche WO2002027068A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002211336A AU2002211336A1 (en) 2000-09-27 2001-09-27 Corrosion preventive system and method for transporting fresh water

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US23575300P 2000-09-27 2000-09-27
US60/235,753 2000-09-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002027068A1 true WO2002027068A1 (fr) 2002-04-04

Family

ID=22886774

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2001/030717 WO2002027068A1 (fr) 2000-09-27 2001-09-27 Systeme de prevention de la corrosion et procede de transport d'eau fraiche

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002211336A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002027068A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104087956A (zh) * 2014-07-22 2014-10-08 徐强 双相不锈钢化学品船的酸洗钝化工艺
JP2022512680A (ja) * 2018-10-12 2022-02-07 ニーデルバッチャー、マイケル 有機物質の発酵とバイオガスの生成とのためのバイオガスプラント

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3929434A (en) * 1971-10-21 1975-12-30 Mobil Oil Corp Corrosion reduction of tanker vessel cargo compartments
JPH06298171A (ja) * 1993-04-19 1994-10-25 Hitachi Zosen Corp 貨物輸送船におけるバラストタンクへのイナートガス注入設備

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3929434A (en) * 1971-10-21 1975-12-30 Mobil Oil Corp Corrosion reduction of tanker vessel cargo compartments
JPH06298171A (ja) * 1993-04-19 1994-10-25 Hitachi Zosen Corp 貨物輸送船におけるバラストタンクへのイナートガス注入設備

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE CAPLUS [online] CORROSION PROTECTION CO.; NAKAGAWA: "Cathodic protection for water ballast tanks with suspended anode systems", XP002907070, Database accession no. 1978:493328 *
MITSUI ZOSEN GIHO, vol. 100, 1977, pages 18 - 25 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104087956A (zh) * 2014-07-22 2014-10-08 徐强 双相不锈钢化学品船的酸洗钝化工艺
JP2022512680A (ja) * 2018-10-12 2022-02-07 ニーデルバッチャー、マイケル 有機物質の発酵とバイオガスの生成とのためのバイオガスプラント
JP7458385B2 (ja) 2018-10-12 2024-03-29 ニーデルバッチャー、マイケル 有機物質の発酵とバイオガスの生成とのためのバイオガスプラント

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002211336A1 (en) 2002-04-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4927239B2 (ja) 圧縮された天然ガスの船舶による輸送システム
US7318319B2 (en) Apparatus for cryogenic fluids having floating liquefaction unit and floating regasification unit connected by shuttle vessel, and cryogenic fluid methods
KR101653892B1 (ko) 외부 컨테이너들을 구비하는 해양에 설치된 지지체
EP2228294A1 (fr) Récipient pour le transport de gaz naturel liquéfié
CN103697326A (zh) 运输和管理液化天然气
KR100676615B1 (ko) 해상 부유 구조물을 이용한 ｌｎｇ 재기화 시스템 및 방법
US20220204144A1 (en) Method for controlling the trim of a transport ship without seawater ballast
ATE316489T1 (de) Schiff und entladesystem
US6877454B2 (en) Systems and methods for transporting fluids in containers
KR101148063B1 (ko) 부유식 계류 장치
WO2002027068A1 (fr) Systeme de prevention de la corrosion et procede de transport d'eau fraiche
KR20190011562A (ko) 선박
US20070267061A1 (en) Volume-Displacing Device In Containers, Especially Tanks In Lpg Ships, And A Method Of Using Same
US7905191B2 (en) Gas expansion trunk for marine vessels
KR20090072055A (ko) 선박의 밸러스트 탱크 분할 시스템
KR102110641B1 (ko) 안티 힐링 시스템 및 이를 구비하는 선박
JP2961351B2 (ja) 海洋浮体構造物
KR102677388B1 (ko) 선박
RU2248905C1 (ru) Нефтеналивное судно
JP7365992B2 (ja) 液化二酸化炭素の移載方法、浮体
KR20190011543A (ko) 선박
WO2016001115A1 (fr) Système et procédé de stockage en mer et de transport d'un liquide d'hydrocarbure conditionné
JP2001260982A (ja) 浮体式石油貯蔵兼払出し設備
KR20220129047A (ko) 운반선에 유체 탄화수소 화물을 선적하는 것을 보조하기 위한 지원선 및 관련 시스템 및 방법
Waters et al. Shipping trends analysis

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PH PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP