WO2002012631A1

WO2002012631A1 - Foundation for the substructure of sports arenas, especially horse-riding arenas

Info

Publication number: WO2002012631A1
Application number: PCT/EP2001/009062
Authority: WO
Inventors: Alois Dold
Original assignee: Alois Dold
Priority date: 2000-08-08
Filing date: 2001-08-06
Publication date: 2002-02-14
Also published as: DE10038534A1; DE10038534C2; AU2001285873A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a flooring for sports arenas, especially horse-riding arenas, that comprises a substructure disposed on the underground (10) and a surface layer (14) applied to said substructure. The substructure is provided with a foundation (12) that consists of a lower layer (16) and an upper layer (18). Continuous cavities that receive and discharge water from precipitations are formed between the upper layer (18) and the lower layer (16). The upper layer (18) is maintained in a form fit on the lower layer (16) so that it is not horizontally displaced.

Description

description

Base layer for the substructure of sports fields, especially riding arenas

The invention relates to a base layer for the substructure for sports fields, in particular riding arenas, and to a floor covering with such a base layer.

Sports fields, especially riding arenas, are usually built to be stationary and permanent. In this case, a base layer is applied to the natural subsurface, possibly after applying a layer of ballast, on which a footing is poured on. From DE 3839353 AI it is known, for example, to apply a drainage mat to the substrate, on which a base layer is placed, which consists of a lattice grid which is filled with a grit mixture. The footing is poured onto this base layer.

In the case of the fixed sports fields and riding arenas, drainage is usually made in the ground or in the substructure in order to avoid standing moisture in the footing layer.

However, it is often not intended to create such a complex sports field or riding arena. This is particularly the case when such a sports field or riding arena is to be used only for a limited time, for example to B. to hold a sporting event or a horse show. In such cases, a floor covering is often applied to an otherwise otherwise used area, for example a meadow or lawn, which is removed again after the event has ended. As a rule, this floor covering consists only of one piled up on the natural surface footing,

The problem often arises in such sports fields or riding arenas that the water in the area of the court does not seep away quickly enough in the event of heavy rainfall, so that there is a build-up of wetness.

The invention has for its object to provide a base layer for the flooring of sports fields, in particular riding arenas, which allows a quick and easy creation of such a place and prevents accumulating moisture in the flooring even with large amounts of precipitation.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a base layer with the features of claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

The essential idea of the invention is to use a base layer consisting of two layers for the substructure. A lower layer is laid on the natural subsurface and represents the connection of the base layer to the subsurface. An upper layer is laid on this lower layer, which is held in a form-fitting manner against horizontal displacements with respect to the lower layer. Furthermore, cavities are formed between the lower layer and the upper layer, which are connected to one another over the entire surface extent of the base layer and which absorb and drain off any precipitation water which arises as drainage.

The base layer has an extremely simple structure, the two layers of the base layer being inexpensive to produce. The Ver- laying the base course is also easy. First, the lower layer must be laid on the surface and, if necessary, fixed in a simple manner. The upper layer is placed freely on the lower layer, with positive locking against displacement in horizontal directions. No other fastening of the upper layer to the lower layer is necessary.

The cavities formed between the lower layer and the upper layer can absorb large amounts of rainwater and, if necessary, also drain it away, so that even in the event of heavy rainfall, damming moisture in the footing layer arranged on the base layer is reliably prevented.

The lower layer preferably has a certain rigidity and stability in order to compensate for unevenness in the substrate. The lower layer can expediently be permeable to water, so that a certain amount of water can also seep into the ground through the lower layer and the drainage effect is only necessary in the case of large amounts of precipitation. If necessary, the lower layer can be fixed to the substrate, e.g. B. by pegs or the like. In most cases, the weight of the base course and the footing layer attached to it is sufficient to fix the base course against displacement.

The upper layer is preferably made of a more flexible material, which may have a certain rubber-elastic property. As a result, a certain horizontal flexibility of the upper layer is possible despite the positive fixing of the upper layer to the lower layer. This can be an advantage to give the floor covering a certain elasticity. In an advantageous embodiment, the interlocking between the upper layer and the lower layer is brought about by the fact that one of these layers has pot-shaped receptacles in which the feet of the other layer engage. The recordings can be formed on one layer and the feet on the other layer. In another embodiment, the upper and lower layers are identical and each have receptacles. The feet are designed as separate pins which each engage in the receptacles of the two layers and connect them in a form-fitting manner. This design has the advantage that the same material can be used for the upper layer and the lower layer, which favors production and storage.

In order to bring about the flexibility of the upper layer in relation to the lower layer in the horizontal direction, the feet can also have a certain amount of play in the receptacles, so that a slight displacement and deformation of the feet in the receptacles is possible. If separate pegs are provided as feet, these are preferably inserted into the receptacles with suitable heads. A reduced central axial area of the pins allows a certain elastic deformation in order to maintain the flexibility of the upper layer relative to the fixed lower layer.

The upper layer is permeable to water in order to allow precipitation water to pass into the cavities under the upper layer. The water permeability can be brought about in that the material of the upper layer itself is water permeable and / or porous. The top layer can also be laid with butt joints that ensure sufficient water permeability.

In a preferred embodiment, the water permeability causes the upper layer that this upper layer is broken by slots that are distributed in a regular grid over the surface of the upper layer. The dimensions of these slots are chosen so that they do not impair the stability and load-bearing capacity of the upper layer and the material of the footing layer applied to the base layer does not allow it to pass into the cavity between the layers of the base layer. For example, the slots can have a width of approximately 2 mm. With this small width, it is reliably ensured that no material of the sand and chips covering of the footing passes through the slots or closes these slots. A sufficient passage of rainwater is guaranteed.

The upper side of the upper layer can expediently have a surface structure which improves the slip resistance of the applied footing. This structure can preferably be formed by knobs of small height, which little hinder the clearing of the applied footing.

The lower layer and the upper layer are preferably laid in the form of plates or mats. This enables simple installation, with great variability in terms of the area of the sports field or the riding arena for prefabricated parts. However, it is also possible to lay the layers as roll material.

Plastics are preferably used as the material for the upper and lower layers. It is preferred to use at least some recycling materials.

It goes without saying that the substructure or floor covering according to the invention can not only be used for sports fields and riding arenas that are only put on for a short time and then used again. which are cleared. It is also possible to use the floor covering according to the invention permanently, in particular the low costs for creating the space may play a role.

The invention is explained in more detail below by exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. Show it:

1 shows a vertical section through a floor covering for sports fields, in particular riding arenas,

FIG. 2 shows a vertical partial section through the base layer of this floor covering,

FIG. 3 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 2 when the base layer is loaded,

FIG. 4 shows a top view of the lower layer of the base layer in a first embodiment,

FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the lower layer of the base layer in a second embodiment,

FIG. 6 shows a bottom view of the upper layer,

FIG. 7 shows a top view of the upper layer,

Figure 8 is a bottom view of a layer in a third

Execution and

9 shows a vertical section through this base layer along the section line IX -IX in FIG. 8.

A floor covering for sports fields, especially for riding arenas, that can be quickly set up and can also be quickly removed if necessary is shown in FIG. 1.

On the natural surface 10, z. B. a flat meadow or lawn, a base layer 12 is laid, which is described in detail below. A footing 14 known per se is applied to the base layer 12 and is adapted to the particular purpose and use of the sports field. If the substructure is used for a riding arena, the footing 14 consists, for. B. from a mixture of sand and chips material. For other applications, the tread layer 14 can be a natural or artificial turf. It is also possible to use a footing 14 made of sand or compacted mineral material.

The base layer 12 consists of a lower layer 16 and an upper layer 18. The lower layer 16 is placed on the substrate 10 and, if necessary, on the substrate 10 z. B. fixed by means of suitable pins or pegs. The upper layer 18 is freely laid on the lower layer 16. A fastening or connection to the lower layer 16 is not necessary. Both the lower layer 16 and the upper layer 18 can consist of individual plates or mats, which can have dimensions of 75 × 150 cm or similar, for example. The dimensions result from the requirements for rapid, large-scale installation on the one hand and simple manufacture and easy transport on the other. It is also possible to produce and lay the lower layer 16 and in particular the upper layer 18 in longer paths which can be transported and stored in the form of rolls.

The lower layer 16 consists of a plastic material, preferably a pressed recycling material, for which for example PU waste material can be processed. The material is produced, for example, by vulcanizing, gluing or other known processes. The material of the lower layer 16 preferably has a certain rigidity, so that minor unevenness in the surface of the substrate 10 is compensated for. The lower layer 16 is preferably at least to a certain extent permeable to water. This water permeability can result from the material structure of the lower layer 16 or can be produced by perforating the lower layer 16. The thickness of the lower layer is essentially determined by the material used and is preferably in the range from about 1.5 to 4 cm.

The upper layer 18 also preferably consists of plastic, in particular of a recycling material. A press material, e.g. B. from PU waste. In particular, a material is used for the upper layer 18 which has a certain rubber-elastic flexibility due to vulcanization or the like. The thickness of the upper layer 18 also results from the properties of the material used and the stability or elasticity requirements. Accordingly, the thickness of the top layer 18 can also be in the range from about 1.5 to 4 cm. The upper layer 18 is permeable to water. This water permeability can either result from the structure and porosity of the material of the upper layer 18 or can be achieved by perforation. When laying the top layer 18 in the form of plates or mats, the water permeability of the butt joints of the adjoining plates or mats is often sufficient. If the water permeability of the upper layer 18 is caused by a perforation or by the butt joints, it must be ensured that the bulk material of the footing 14 cannot fall through this perforation or the butt joints. In order to secure the upper layer 18 loosely placed on the lower layer 16 against horizontal displacements in all directions, an interlocking connection, effective in the horizontal direction, is provided between the upper layer 18 and the lower layer 16.

For this purpose, in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 7, the lower layer 16 has receptacles 20 on its upper side, into which feet 22 formed on the underside of the upper layer 18 are inserted.

The receptacles 20 and, accordingly, the feet 22 are arranged in a flat grid, as shown for example in FIGS. 4 to 6.

The receptacles 20 are formed, for example, as pots on the upper side of the lower layer 16, these pots having a square base, as shown in FIG. 4, or a circular base, as shown in FIG. 5. The feet 22 are accordingly designed as pins, which preferably have a circular cross section. In order to facilitate insertion of the feet 22 into the receptacles 20 during installation and to be able to keep the manufacturing tolerances small, the feet 22 have a somewhat smaller diameter than the inner side length of the square receptacles 20 of FIG. 4 or as the inner diameter of the circular ones Recordings 20 of FIG. 5.

The receptacles 20 preferably expand somewhat conically upwards, while the feet 22 taper conically downwards. The cone angle of the opening of the receptacles 20 is preferably chosen to be somewhat larger than the cone angle of the feet 22. This results in an easier insertion of the feet 22 in the receptacles 20 when laying the upper layer 18 on the lower layer 16. The height of the walls of the receptacles 20 is slightly less than the height of the feet 22. The different cone angle of the feet 22 and the receptacles 20 and the greater height of the feet 22 compared The receptacles 20 result in a certain elastic mobility of the upper layer 18 in relation to the lower layer 16 in the horizontal direction, as will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 3.

The vertical distance of the upper layer 18 from the lower layer 16 is determined by the height of the feet 22. This distance is preferably about 3 to 4 cm. The diameter of the feet 22 and corresponding to the diameter of the receptacles 20 is approximately in the order of 2 to 4 cm. The grid size of the receptacles 20 and the feet 22, d. H. the distance from center to center of the receptacles 20 and the feet 22 in the rows and in the columns of the grid is of the order of about 10 cm.

These dimensions and the arrangement of the receptacles 20 and the feet 22 result in continuous cavities between the lower layer 16 and the upper layer 18 over the entire surface of the base layer, which cavities are used for receiving and possibly for draining rainwater, which is caused by the upper layer 18 passes through. In this way, the base layer 12 acts as a very effective drainage for the footing layer 14 applied over it.

A surface structure that improves the slip resistance of the floor covering is preferably formed on the upper side of the upper layer 18. The surface structure supports the footing 14 applied to the upper layer 18 against horizontal displacement. In riding arenas in particular, the heaped-up footing 14 is compressed by the horse's hooves and under its weight pressed against the surface of the upper layer 18, so that the footing 14 is stabilized in the horizontal direction by the surface structure. The surface structure can be designed in different ways. For example, 16 webs can be formed on the surface of the upper layer, which create a lattice-like structure. The surface structure in the form of knobs 24 is preferred, as shown in the exemplary embodiment of the drawing. The knobs 24 have a low height of only a few millimeters and are arranged in a uniform grid. The low height of the knobs 24 and the continuous areas remaining between the knobs 24 make it easier to remove the footing 14 when it needs to be replaced or when the temporarily built sports area needs to be cleared.

The rubber-elastic property of the material of the upper layer 18 within certain limits results in an advantageous elasticity of the base layer 12 and thus of the entire floor covering. This is shown in a greatly exaggerated manner in FIG. The loads that occur when using the sports field or riding arena usually act at an angle to the level of the floor covering. The forces acting on the floor covering and thus on the base layer 12 therefore have a force component perpendicular to the surface of the base layer 12 and a horizontal force component parallel to the surface of the base layer 12. In Figure 3 the acting forces are shown by arrows. The horizontal force component leads, owing to the rubber-elastic properties of the upper layer 18, to a certain horizontal displacement of the upper layer 18 relative to the lower layer 16 lying firmly on the base 10. This horizontal movement is made possible by the fact that the feet 22 due to their smaller cone angle and due to their smaller Diameter have a certain mobility with respect to the receptacle 20, as shown in Figure 3. A certain deflection of the upper layer 18 under the vertical force component is also possible in the area between the feet 22. The elasticity of the floor covering that results in this way is particularly advantageous if the athletes using the sports field or the horses using the riding area slow down their movement or move on a curved track.

If the lower layer 16 and the upper layer 18 are laid in the form of mats or plates, these mats or plates of the lower layer 16 and the upper layer 18 generally have the same dimensions. It is advantageous here to lay the plates or mats of the upper layer 18 offset with respect to the plates or mats of the lower layer 16. The feet 22 of a plate or mat of the upper layer 18 then engage in receptacles 20 of two adjacent plates or mats of the lower layer 16, so that the upper layer 18 causes additional horizontal clamping of the plates or mats of the lower layer 16 becomes.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the receptacles 20 are formed on the lower layer 16 and the feet 22 on the upper layer 18. It is readily apparent that an inverted arrangement with the same properties is also possible, in which the receptacles 20 on the upper layer 18 and the feet 22 are formed on the lower layer 16. When laying the upper layer 18, the receptacles 20 of the upper layer 18 are placed over the feet 22 of the lower layer 16 in this embodiment.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the upper layer has 18 feet 22 in the same number and the same grid as the receptacles 20 of the lower layer 16. It is readily apparent that the number of feet 22 can also be larger or smaller than the number of receptacles 20. It is only necessary that the grid dimension of the feet 22 and the receptacles 20 match up to an integer factor in order to allow the feet 22 and the receptacles 20 to engage in one another.

A further exemplary embodiment is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. In this exemplary embodiment, the lower layer 16 and the upper layer 18 are of identical design, so that the same material can be used for the lower layer 16 and the upper layer 18. This has a particularly advantageous effect on the manufacturing and storage costs.

Pot-shaped receptacles 20 are formed on the layers 16, 18. The lower layer 16 and the upper layer 18 are laid so that the cup-shaped receptacles 20 of these two layers 16, 18 face each other. Feet, which are designed as separate pins 26, are used for the positive connection of the two layers 16 and 18. These pins 26 each have a head 28 at their two axial ends, which tapers conically towards the free end and essentially corresponds to the inner cone of the receptacles 20 in the cone angle. The axial dimension of the conical heads 28 is somewhat less than the axial depth of the conical receptacles 20. The pins 26 are inserted with their heads 28 into the receptacles 20, with the heads 28 fitting into the respective receptacles 20. In this way, a positive connection of the lower layer 16 to the upper layer 18 is achieved by the pins 26.

The pins 26 have a reduced diameter in their axially central region 30 between the heads 28. In conjunction with the elastic plastic material from which the pins 26 are made, this results in a certain flexibility of the pins 26 and thus the elastic flexibility of the upper layer 18 with respect to the lower layer 16.

When laying the base course, the lower layer 16 is first laid, then the pins 26 are inserted in the desired number and distribution in the receptacles 20 of the lower layer 16, after which the upper layer 18 can be laid.

In the case of receptacles 20 which correspond to the example described above in terms of their arrangement and dimensions, the pins 26 have a length of approximately 6 cm, for example. The axial length of the middle section with reduced cross section is approximately learning. The diameter in the middle area is about 1.5 to 2 cm.

In order to allow rainwater from the footing 14 to pass through the upper layer 18 into the drainage cavity of the base layer, the upper layer 18 (and also the lower layer 16, if it is made of the same material) has slots 32. The slots 32 break through the upper layer 18 and are preferably arranged in a regular grid. As FIG. 8 shows, this grid can correspond, for example, to the grid of the receptacles 20, so that a slot 32 is arranged in the middle between four receptacles 20.

The width of the slits is selected such that water can pass through the slits 32, but that granular or chip-like material of the footing 14 can neither penetrate through the slits 32 nor can it settle in these slits 32. This prevents the footing material from entering the drainage cavity Base layer comes or the slots 32 clogged and made impermeable. The width of the slots 32 is preferably approximately 2 mm. The length of the slots is chosen so that there is a sufficient passage cross-section for the rainwater without the stability of the layer 18 being weakened. For example, the slots 32 can have a length of 20 mm.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 underground

12 base course

14 footing

16 bottom layer

18 top layer

20 shots

22 feet

24 knobs 6 pins 8 heads 0 central area of 26 2 slots

Claims

claims

1. base layer for the substructure of sports fields, in particular riding arenas, characterized in that the base layer (12) consists of two layers (16, 18), a lower layer (16) which can be laid on a base (10) and one on the lower layer ( 16) upper layer (18) which can be laid, the upper layer (18) on the lower layer (16) being held in a form-fitting manner against displacements in all directions of its horizontal surface extension, and wherein between the lower layer (16) and the upper layer (18) Interconnecting cavities are formed in the area covering.

2. Base layer according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the positive connection allows an elastic mobility of the upper layer (18) relative to the lower layer (16) in the horizontal direction.

3. Base layer according to claim 1 or 2, so that the one layer (16) has receptacles (20) in which feet (22) of the other layer (18) engage.

4. Base layer according to claim 3, so that the receptacles (20) are cup-shaped and the feet (22, 26) are cone-shaped.

5. base layer according to claim 4, characterized in that the receptacles (20) on one layer (16) and the feet (22) on the other layer (18) are integrally formed.

6. base layer according to claim 4, characterized in that the lower layer (16) and the upper layer (18) are identical and have receptacles (20) and that the feet are designed as separate pins (26) which are in the receptacles ( 20) can be used.

7. base layer according to claim 6, characterized in that the pins (26) each have a head (28) which can be inserted into the receptacle (20) at both ends and are reduced in cross section in their axially central region (30) by the elastic mobility to enable.

8. base layer according to one of claims 3 to 7, that the supports (20) and the feet (22, 26) are arranged in a regular grid.

9. base layer according to one of claims 3 to 5, so that the feet (22) engage with play in the horizontal direction in the receptacles (20).

10. base layer according to one of claims 3 to 5 or 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the feet (22) have a greater height perpendicular to the plane of the base layers (12) than the receptacles (20).

11. Base layer according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the upper layer (18) has a surface structure on its upper side, in particular knobs (24) arranged in a grid.

12. Base layer according to one of claims 1 to 10, so that an artificial turf is applied, in particular laminated or glued, to the top of the upper layer (18).

13. Base course according to one of claims 1 to 12, that the lower layer (16) and / or the upper layer (18) can be laid in the form of plates or mats.

14. Base layer according to one of claims 1 to 12, so that the lower layer (16) and / or the upper layer (18) can be laid in the form of webs.

15. Base layer according to one of the preceding claims, that the upper layer (18) is water-permeable.

16. Base layer according to claim 15, so that the upper layer (18) has slots (32), which are preferably arranged in a regular grid.

17. Base layer according to claim 16, so that the slits (32) have a width of approximately 2 mm.

18. Base layer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower layer (16) has a certain stiffness and the upper layer (18) has a certain rubber-elastic compliance.

18. base layer according to one of the preceding claims, that the lower layer (16) and / or the upper layer (18) consists of plastic, in particular to a large extent recycled plastic being used.

19. Base layer according to claim 18, characterized in that the lower layer (16) and / or the upper layer (18) consists of a plastic molding material, in particular a polyurethane molding material.

20. Floor covering for sports fields, in particular riding arenas, consisting of a base layer (10) arranged on the substrate (10) and a footing layer (14) applied to this base layer.