WO2002000814A1 - Combustible pour cellule electrochimique - Google Patents

Combustible pour cellule electrochimique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002000814A1
WO2002000814A1 PCT/JP2001/005646 JP0105646W WO0200814A1 WO 2002000814 A1 WO2002000814 A1 WO 2002000814A1 JP 0105646 W JP0105646 W JP 0105646W WO 0200814 A1 WO0200814 A1 WO 0200814A1
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Prior art keywords
fuel
mol
fuel cell
less
cell system
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PCT/JP2001/005646
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kenichirou Saitou
Iwao Anzai
Osamu Sadakane
Michiro Matsubara
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Nippon Oil Corporation
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Priority to AU2001266357A priority Critical patent/AU2001266357A1/en
Publication of WO2002000814A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002000814A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
    • C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
    • C01B3/58—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
    • C01B3/583—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction the reaction being the selective oxidation of carbon monoxide
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    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
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    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/48—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
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    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
    • C01B2203/0261—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]
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    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0435—Catalytic purification
    • C01B2203/044—Selective oxidation of carbon monoxide
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
    • C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
    • C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
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    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/085—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by electric heating
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
    • C01B2203/1064—Platinum group metal catalysts
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1217—Alcohols
    • C01B2203/1223—Methanol
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1288—Evaporation of one or more of the different feed components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
    • C01B2203/1642—Controlling the product
    • C01B2203/1647—Controlling the amount of the product
    • C01B2203/1652—Measuring the amount of product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel used for a fuel cell system.
  • methanol As fuel for fuel cell systems, there is methanol in addition to hydrogen. Although methanol is advantageous in that it can be relatively easily reformed to hydrogen, it must be handled with care because it produces a small amount of power per weight and is toxic. Also, due to its corrosiveness, special equipment is required for storage and supply.
  • the amount of power generated by subtracting the required amount of heat (the amount of heat that balances the preheating and endothermic heat associated with the reaction) from the amount of generated power is This is the amount of power generated by the entire fuel cell system. Therefore, the lower the temperature required for reforming the fuel, the smaller the amount of preheating and the more advantageous the system, the shorter the startup time of the system, and the lower the amount of heat per weight required for the preheating of the fuel. Is also necessary. Insufficient preheating can lead to high levels of unreacted hydrocarbons (THC) in the exhaust gas, not only reducing power generation per weight, but also causing air pollution. Conversely, when the same system is operated at the same temperature, it is advantageous for the exhaust gas to have a small amount of THC and a high conversion rate to hydrogen.
  • THC unreacted hydrocarbons
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel suitable for a fuel cell system that satisfies the above-mentioned required properties in a good balance. Disclosure of the invention
  • the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, a fuel containing a specific amount of an oxygen-containing compound and having a specific composition of hydrocarbon compounds for each carbon number has been known as a fuel cell. We found that it was suitable for the system. That is, the fuel for a fuel cell system according to the present invention is:
  • (1) Contain at least 5 mol% of a hydrocarbon compound contain 0.5 to 20% by mass of oxygenated compound based on the total amount of fuel in oxygen element conversion, and conduct hydrocarbon conversion. 5 mol% or less of hydrocarbons having 2 or less carbon atoms in the compound, 90 mol% or more of hydrocarbons having 3 carbon atoms and hydrocarbons having 4 carbon atoms, and 5 mol% of hydrocarbons having 5 or more carbon atoms % Or less, and is a gas at normal temperature and normal pressure.
  • the fuel containing the oxygen-containing compound in a specific amount and the hydrocarbon compound having a specific composition for each carbon number further satisfy the following additional requirements.
  • the sulfur content is 50 mass ppm or less.
  • the hydrocarbon compound has a saturated content of 60 mol% or more, an olefin component of 40 mol% or less, a butadiene component of 0.5 mol% or less, and 0.1% of isoparaffin in the saturated component having 4 or more carbon atoms. Mol% or more.
  • the vapor pressure at 40 ° C is; L. 55 MPa or less.
  • the density at 15 of the hydrocarbon compound is 0.500 to 0.620 g / cm 3 .
  • Corrosion rate of copper plate for 1 hour at 40 is 1 or less.
  • the gas has a heat capacity of less than 1.7 kJkg '° C at 15 ° C. '' Brief description of the drawings
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a steam reforming type fuel cell system used for evaluating the fuel for a fuel cell system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a partial oxidation fuel cell system used for evaluating the fuel for a fuel cell system of the present invention.
  • the oxygen-containing compound contained in a specific amount means alcohols having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, ethers having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and the like.
  • alcohols having 2 to 4 carbon atoms for example, methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl tertiary butyl ether, Yuichi Ichiri amyl methyl ether (T AM E), tertiary amyl ethyl ether and the like.
  • the content of these oxygen-containing compounds is 0 .0 in terms of oxygen element, based on the total fuel amount, because of the good fuel efficiency of the entire fuel cell system, the small amount of THC in the exhaust gas, and the short system startup time. It must be at least 5% by mass, and in consideration of the balance with the power generation per weight, it must be at most 20% by mass.
  • the fuel for a fuel cell system includes, in addition to the oxygen-containing compounds described above, oxygen-containing compounds and hydrocarbons because of their large power generation per weight and large power generation per CO 2 generation. It is a mixture with oil, and the blended amount of hydrocarbon oil is 5 mol% or more based on the total amount of fuel.
  • the composition for each carbon number in the hydrocarbon compound means that the hydrocarbon compound has 5 mol% or less of hydrocarbons having 2 or less carbon atoms and the hydrocarbon compound has 3 carbon atoms and 4 carbon atoms.
  • the total amount is 90 mol% or more, and hydrocarbons with 5 or more carbon atoms are 5 mol% or less.
  • Hydrocarbons having 2 or less carbon atoms are 5 mol% or less, preferably 3 mol% or less, from the viewpoint of mountability, flammability, evaporation, and the like.
  • Hydrocarbons with 5 or more carbon atoms have a large amount of power generation per weight, a large amount of power generation corresponding to the amount of CO 2 generated, good fuel economy as a whole fuel cell system, and low THC in exhaust gas. Since the system startup time is short, the deterioration of the reforming catalyst is small, and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time, the content is 5 mol% or less, preferably 2 mol% or less. .
  • the above composition for each carbon number is a value measured by JISK2240 “Liquid fossil-gas 5.9 composition analysis method”.
  • the sulfur content of the fuel of the present invention is not limited at all. Since the performance can be maintained for a long time, it is preferably 50 mass ppm or less, more preferably 10 mass ppm or less, and most preferably 1 mass ppm or less, based on the total amount of fuel. preferable.
  • the sulfur content means the sulfur content measured by JIS K 2240 "Liquefied petroleum gas 5.5 or 5.6 sulfur content test method".
  • the component composition of the hydrocarbon compound is not limited at all, but the saturated component (M (S)) is preferably 60 mol% or more, and the olefin component (M (O)) is preferably 40 mol% or less, butadiene.
  • the content (M (B)) is preferably 0.5 mol% or less, and the content of isoparaffin (M (IP)) in the saturated component having 4 or more carbon atoms is preferably 0.1 mol% or more.
  • the saturation M (O) means that the power generation per weight is large, the power generation per CO 2 generation is large, the fuel efficiency of the fuel cell system as a whole is good, the THC in the exhaust gas is small, the system 60 mol% or more is preferable, more preferably 80 mol% or more, even more preferably 95 mol% or more, and most preferably 99 mol% or more. preferable.
  • the olefin component (M (O)) has a large amount of power generation per weight, a large amount of power generation per CO 2 generation, good fuel economy of the fuel cell system as a whole, and low THC in the exhaust gas.
  • the starting time of the system is short, the deterioration of the reforming catalyst is small, the initial performance can be maintained for a long time, and the storage stability is preferably 40 mol% or less, more preferably 10 mol% or less. Preferably, it is most preferably 1 mol% or less.
  • Butadiene (M (B)) has a large amount of power generation per weight, a large amount of power generation per CO 2 generation, good fuel economy of the fuel cell system as a whole, and low THC in exhaust gas.
  • the system startup time is short, the deterioration of the reforming catalyst is small, and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time.
  • the content is preferably 0.5 mol% or less, and most preferably 0.1 mol% or less.
  • Isoparaffins (M (IP)) in saturated components with 4 or more carbon atoms have good fuel efficiency as a whole fuel cell system, low THC in exhaust gas, short system startup time, reforming catalyst 0.1 mol% or more, more preferably 1 mol% or more, even more preferably 10 mol% or more, because the deterioration of the metal is small and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time. % Or more, and most preferably 30 mol% or more.
  • M (S), M (B), M (IP) and M (O) are values measured by JIS K 2240 “liquefied petroleum gas 5.9 composition analysis method”.
  • satisfying both the preferred range of the sulfur content and the preferred range of the composition described above may cause deterioration of a fuel cell system such as a reforming catalyst, a water gas shift reaction catalyst, a carbon monoxide removal catalyst, and a fuel cell stack. Most preferred because it is small and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time.
  • the vapor pressure of the fuel of the present invention is not limited at all. However, from the viewpoint of mountability, flammability, evaporative emission, etc., the vapor pressure at 40 ° C is preferably 1.55 MPa or less, and 1.53 MPa or less. a or less is more preferable.
  • vapor pressure at 40T is measured by JIS K 2240 “liquefied petroleum gas 5.4 vapor pressure test method”.
  • the density of the hydrocarbon compounds contained in the fuel of the present invention many power generation amount per weight, more power generation amount per C0 2 generation amount, overall fuel consumption of a fuel cell system From the point that the reforming catalyst is less deteriorated and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time because of the good performance, the low THC in the exhaust gas, and the short system startup time. It is preferably 620 g / cm 3 or less, and most preferably 0.50 g / cm 3 or more in order to achieve the effects of the present invention.
  • the density at 15 ° C is based on JISK 2249 ⁇ liquefied petroleum gas 5. 7 or 5.8 Density test method ”.
  • the corrosion rate of the board per hour at 40 ° C is 1 or less.
  • the corrosion rate of the copper plate at 40 ° C for 1 hour is measured by JIS K2240 “Liquid petroleum gas 5.10 Copper plate corrosion test method”.
  • the heat capacity of the fuel is not limited at all.
  • the amount of heat in gaseous state at 15 is 1.7 kJZ kg The following is preferred.
  • This heat capacity is measured by a calorimeter such as a water calorimeter, an ice calorimeter, a vacuum calorimeter, or an adiabatic calorimeter.
  • One or more base materials such as a cracked propane fraction mainly composed of propylene, a cracked butane fraction mainly composed of butane / butene obtained from a catalytic cracking unit, etc., are included in the present invention. It is produced by containing a specific amount of an oxygen compound.
  • a base material for producing the fuel of the present invention include dimethyl ether and methyl alcohol such as a straight-run desulfurized propane fraction and a straight-run desulfurized butane fraction.
  • the fuel of the present invention is used as a fuel for a fuel cell system.
  • the fuel cell system referred to in the present invention includes a fuel reformer, a carbon monoxide purification device, a fuel cell, and the like.
  • the fuel of the present invention is applicable to any fuel cell system. It is preferably used.
  • the fuel reformer is for reforming the fuel to obtain hydrogen, which is the fuel of the fuel cell.
  • a reformer specifically, for example,
  • a steam reforming reformer that mixes heated and vaporized fuel with steam and reacts by heating in a catalyst such as copper, nickel, platinum, and ruthenium to obtain hydrogen-based products.
  • the carbon monoxide purifier removes carbon monoxide contained in the gas generated by the above reformer and becomes a catalyst poison of the fuel cell.
  • the fuel cell include polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC), phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC), and solid oxide fuel cells ( SOFC).
  • PEFC polymer electrolyte fuel cells
  • PAFC phosphoric acid fuel cells
  • MCFC molten carbonate fuel cells
  • SOFC solid oxide fuel cells
  • the fuel cell system as described above includes electric vehicles, conventional engine-electric hybrid vehicles, portable power sources, distributed power sources, home power sources, Used for cogeneration systems and the like.
  • Table 1 shows the properties of the base material (LPG) used for each fuel in the examples and comparative examples.
  • Table 2 shows the composition and properties of each fuel used in Examples and Comparative Examples.
  • the temperature of the reformer was set to the lowest temperature at which reforming was completely performed in the initial stage of the test (the lowest temperature at which THC was not contained in the reformed gas).
  • the reformed gas is led to a carbon monoxide treatment device (water gas shift reaction) together with water vapor to convert carbon monoxide in the reformed gas into carbon dioxide, and the generated gas is guided to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell to generate electricity.
  • a carbon monoxide treatment device water gas shift reaction
  • the fuel was vaporized by electric heating, filled with a precious metal-based catalyst together with preheated air, and led to a reformer maintained at 110 by an electric heater to generate a reformed gas rich in hydrogen.
  • the reformed gas is led to a carbon monoxide treatment device (water gas shift reaction) together with water vapor to convert carbon monoxide in the reformed gas into carbon dioxide, and the generated gas is guided to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell to generate electricity.
  • a carbon monoxide treatment device water gas shift reaction
  • Figure 2 shows a flowchart of the partial oxidation fuel cell system used for the evaluation.
  • the amount of heat (preheat) required to guide each fuel to the specified reformer temperature was calculated from the heat capacity and latent heat of vaporization.
  • the performance degradation rate of the reforming catalyst (the amount of power generated 100 hours after the start of the test, the amount of power generated immediately after the start of the test), the thermal efficiency (the amount of power generated immediately after the start of the test, "The calorific value of the fuel) and the preheat ratio (preheat / power generation) were calculated.
  • Table 3 shows the measured values and calculated values.
  • a fuel containing a specific amount of the oxygen-containing compound of the present invention and having a hydrocarbon compound having a specific composition for each number of carbon atoms can be used in a fuel cell to provide an electric engine with a low performance deterioration ratio. In addition to being able to obtain high energy, it satisfies various performances for fuel cells.

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Abstract

Cette invention a trait à un combustible pour cellule électrochimique qui utilise une phase gazeuse à température normale et qui contient des composés hydrocarbonés sous un volume égal ou supérieur à 5 en pourcentage moléculaire ainsi que des composés contenant de l'oxygène sous un volume compris entre 0,5 et 20 en pourcentage moléculaire en termes d'atomes d'oxygène par rapport au volume total du combustible. Le composé hydrocarboné contient une quantité égale ou inférieure, en pourcentage moléculaire, à 5 % d'hydrocarbures porteurs de deux atomes de carbone ou moins, une quantité égale ou supérieure, en pourcentage moléculaire, à 90 % d'hydrocarbures porteurs de trois ou quatre atomes de carbone et une quantité égale ou inférieure, en pourcentage moléculaire, à 5 % d'hydrocarbures porteurs de 5 atomes de carbone ou plus. Ce combustible a un rendement énergétique accrue du fait de son poids et du volume de CO2 formé, une consommation améliorée, une émission de vapeurs réduite, de bonne propriétés de manipulation, en l'occurrence une bonne stabilité au stockage, et un point d'inflammabilité convenable ainsi qu'une demande réduite en calorie pour son préchauffage. De plus, l'emploi de ce combustible permet à une cellule électrochimique de conserver ses capacités de fonctionnement initiales pendant une longue période, ce qui réduit la détérioration d'une cellule électrochimique telle qu'un catalyseur de reformage, un catalyseur de réaction du gaz à l'eau, un catalyseur d'extraction de monoxyde e carbone et un empilement de cellules électrochimiques.
PCT/JP2001/005646 2000-06-29 2001-06-29 Combustible pour cellule electrochimique WO2002000814A1 (fr)

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AU2001266357A AU2001266357A1 (en) 2000-06-29 2001-06-29 Fuel for fuel cell system

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JP2000196650 2000-06-29
JP2000-196650 2000-06-29

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