WO2001098709A1 - Incinerateur de dechets et procede d'exploitation - Google Patents

Incinerateur de dechets et procede d'exploitation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001098709A1
WO2001098709A1 PCT/JP2001/005208 JP0105208W WO0198709A1 WO 2001098709 A1 WO2001098709 A1 WO 2001098709A1 JP 0105208 W JP0105208 W JP 0105208W WO 0198709 A1 WO0198709 A1 WO 0198709A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waste heat
heat boiler
incinerator
corrosive environment
corrosion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2001/005208
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masaaki Nishino
Koji Ishizeki
Kazuhito Harigae
Original Assignee
Nkk Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nkk Corporation filed Critical Nkk Corporation
Publication of WO2001098709A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001098709A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/48—Preventing corrosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refuse incinerator which incinerates refuse discharged from cities and the like and effectively uses steam generated by the heat of combustion exhaust gas, and a method of operating the same.
  • FIG. 2 1 is an incinerator made of refractory material, a grate 2 is installed in the lower part, and a hopper on one side is filled with refuse etc., which is to be incinerated (hereinafter referred to as refuse).
  • a dust supply device 4 is provided below the hopper 3.
  • 5 is a cylinder for driving the grate, and 6 is a cylinder for driving the dust supply device.
  • a parner 7 is provided below the grate '2.
  • Reference numeral 10 denotes a waste heat boiler provided on the other side of the incinerator 1, which has a number of water tubes (heat transfer tubes) made of a metal material, 11 denotes a first radiation chamber, and 12 denotes a water passage.
  • the boiler drum accumulates the steam generated in the water pipe, and 13 is an exhaust port provided at the top.
  • Reference numeral 14 denotes a superheater provided downstream of the waste heat boiler 10, provided with a number of heat transfer tubes, and steam is sent from the boiler drum 12.
  • ⁇ 5 is a blower for supplying primary combustion air to the parner 7
  • 16 is a flow meter
  • ⁇ 7 is a flow control valve
  • 18 is a blower for supplying secondary combustion air into the incinerator 1
  • 19 Is a flow meter
  • 20 is a flow control valve.
  • 21 is a nozzle for spraying water for temperature control in the incinerator 1
  • 22 is a flow meter
  • 23 is a flow control valve
  • the output signals of these flow meters 16, 19, and 22 are controlled.
  • the cylinder 5 for driving the grate, the cylinder 6 for driving the dust supply device, and the flow control valves 17, 20, and 23 are transmitted to the control device 30. Is controlled by a control signal from
  • 24 a, 24 b, 24 c, and 24 d are respectively in the incinerator 2, the first radiation chamber ⁇ 1 of the waste heat boiler 10, the superheater 14, and the exhaust of the waste heat boiler 10.
  • Temperature sensors installed at ports 13 and 25 are exhaust gas sensors that detect the properties of exhaust gas. The output signals of these temperature sensors 24a to 24d and exhaust gas sensor 25 are sent to controller 30. Sent. It should be noted that one of these temperature sensors 24a to 24d and one of the exhaust gas sensors 25 are provided in the incinerator 1, the waste heat boiler 10, etc. One or more are provided. Although not shown, various sensors other than those described above are installed in the incinerator 1, the waste heat boiler 10, and the like, and output signals thereof are transmitted to the control device 30.
  • the controller 30 controls the temperature and pressure of each part described above, or the refuse supplied. Information such as the amount of water, the flow rate of air and water, the amount of heat generated in the waste heat boiler 10, the concentration of harmful gas and oxygen in the exhaust gas, etc., are input to the controller 30. Based on this, control signals are output to the operation terminals of the grate driving cylinder 5, the dust supply device driving cylinder 6, and the flow control valves 17, 20, 23 to control the incinerator 1 in an optimal state.
  • the refuse input from the hopper 3 is sent to the grate 2 by the dust supply device 4, and is burned by the thermal power of the parner 7 and the primary combustion air.
  • secondary combustion air is supplied into incinerator 1 or water for temperature control is sprinkled as necessary.
  • the flue gas generated by this flows into the waste heat boiler 10 to be recovered by heat, and is discharged from the exhaust port # 3 provided at the upper part on the downstream side, for example, to a temperature reduction reaction tower, a filtration type dust collector ( (Not shown), etc., and is discharged from the chimney.
  • the steam generated in the waste heat boiler 10 is collected in the boiler drum 12, and the steam in the boiler drum 12 is sent to the next process through the superheater 14. Overheated by the exhaust gas passing through.
  • the temperature and pressure of each part in the incinerator waste heat boiler Many information such as the amount of rubbish, the flow rate of primary and secondary combustion air and temperature control water, the amount of evaporation in the waste heat boiler 10 and the concentration of harmful gases and oxygen in exhaust gas are controlled. Control information for the purpose of stabilizing the amount of combustion and evaporation and optimizing the exhaust gas properties based on this information, and a control signal for optimizing these is used for driving the grate.
  • the cylinder 5, the cylinder 6 for driving the dust supply device, and the flow control valves 17, 20, and 23 are sent to the operating terminals to control the operation of the incinerator 1 in an optimal state.
  • a conventional waste incinerator with a waste heat boiler is configured as described above.For example, by monitoring the amount of evaporation of the waste heat boiler 10, the input amount of waste, the driving speed of the grate 2, the amount of supplied air, etc. Is increased or decreased, thereby stabilizing the amount of evaporation. In addition, by controlling the operation by monitoring the properties of the exhaust gas and oxygen concentration, etc., the emission of harmful gases is suppressed.
  • waste incinerators and their operation methods aim at incineration of waste in incinerator 1, stable evaporation in waste heat boiler 10, and control of harmful gas in exhaust gas. As the operation is controlled.
  • the refuse incinerated in the incinerator 1, especially general refuse contains miscellaneous garbage and its properties also fluctuate, so the properties of the exhaust gas flowing into the waste heat boiler 10 also fluctuate.
  • the amount of water pipe corrosion thinning of the waste heat boiler 10 is usually 1 mm or less per year, and the amount of water pipe corrosion thinning of the waste heat boiler 10 during operation is monitored only after actual load operation for one year or more. Can not. Furthermore, even if operational measures were taken to reduce this, since changes in the corrosive environment of the waste heat boiler 10 could not be detected, the results could only be confirmed after more than one year of load operation. In any case, the situation of corrosion thinning and corrosion thinning It took a very long time to confirm the effect of preventing odors.
  • the present invention constantly monitors the corrosive environment of the waste heat boiler during operation even if the properties of the exhaust gas change due to changes in the operating conditions such as the properties of the refuse and the load of the incinerator.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste incinerator capable of reducing wall thinning and a method of operating the same. That is, the refuse incinerator consists of:
  • Incinerator to burn refuse in the furnace
  • a waste heat boiler located at an upper part of the incinerator for recovering heat of exhaust gas flowing from the incinerator
  • a corrosion detector having an electrode located in an exhaust gas passage in the waste heat boiler, and detecting a corrosive environment of the waste heat boiler by an electric resistance between the electrodes;
  • the method of operating a refuse incinerator consists of:
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment of a waste incinerator with a waste heat boiler embodying the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a conventional waste incinerator with a waste heat boiler.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a corrosion detection system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a result of measurement of a corrosive environment by a corrosion probe according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of a refuse incinerator embodying the present invention and an operation method thereof.
  • the same parts as those of the prior art described in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
  • the present invention installs a corrosion detector that detects the corrosive environment in the waste heat boiler of a waste incinerator with a waste heat boiler, and uses the information from here on and the information such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, etc. Based on this, the operation of incinerator ⁇ is controlled.
  • 26a is corrosion, for example, with corrosion detectors 27a, 27b, 27c.
  • Corrosion detector installed in room 11 to detect the corrosive environment of waste heat boiler 10
  • 26b is also composed of corrosion detectors 27d and 27e and corrosion monitor 28b.
  • 10 Corrosion detector installed near the superheater 14 and the output signals of the corrosion detectors 27a to 27c, 27d, and 27e are sent to the corrosion monitors 28a and 28b.
  • the output signals of the corrosion monitors 28 a and 28 b are sent to the controller 30 (note that in the following explanation, the corrosion detectors 26 a and 26 b are simply 26 Vessels 27 a to 27 e may be simply referred to as 27, and corrosion monitors 28 a and 28 b may be simply referred to as 28).
  • the corrosion detector 27 for example, there is a corrosion detector in which an electrode is provided in a probe.
  • This detector detects electricity when molten salt, which is one of the main corrosive factors of the heat transfer tubes of the waste heat boiler 10 (although this molten salt is contained in the exhaust gas), An electrode whose resistance changes is provided.
  • the method detects the state of adhesion of the molten salt, that is, the corrosive environment in the waste heat boiler 10, by detecting a change in the electric resistance of the electrode.
  • the outline of the corrosion detector in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
  • a probe 33 having two short tubular electrodes 32 is installed from the wall surface of the waste heat boiler 10 to the inside.
  • the electrode 32 is installed in the exhaust gas passage using the same material as the heat transfer tube.
  • thermocouple 34 provided on the probe 33 and the probe temperature controller 35, cooling air is sent to the probe 33 so that the electrode 32 is kept at the same temperature as the heat transfer tube.
  • -An alternating current is applied between the electrodes 32, and the electrical resistance between the electrodes 32 is measured.
  • the arithmetic processing is performed by the corrosion monitor 28 to determine the corrosive environment.
  • the electrical resistance between the electrodes 3 and 2 is defined as the electrical resistance corresponding to the severity of the corrosive environment near the electrode 32 (adhesion ash melting resistance R s) and the electrical resistance (R c) corresponding to the reciprocal of the electrode corrosion rate. The two are easily separable.
  • Fig. 4 shows an example of the signal detected by this corrosion detector.
  • the horizontal axis shows the operating date of the incinerator
  • the vertical axis shows the adhesion ash melting resistance (Rs :), corrosion rate (1 Rc), and exhaust gas temperature.
  • a corrosion detector that constitutes a probe using two inert metals (for example, platinum) as electrodes. This detector detects only Rs. After the probe is installed, the probe is air-cooled and an alternating current is applied between the electrodes while maintaining the same temperature as the heat transfer tube. To the corrosion monitor. This signal correlates well with the severity of the corrosive environment near the electrode (amount of molten salt and combustion gas temperature). Next, the operation of the present invention configured as described above will be described. The refuse introduced from the hopper 3 is sent to the grate 2 by the dust supply device 4, and is burned by the thermal power of the spanner 7 and the primary combustion air.
  • the exhaust gas generated by this flows into the waste heat boiler 10 and recovers heat, and is discharged from the stack through the exhaust port 13 provided at the top, through the temperature reduction reaction tower, the filtration type dust collector, etc. You.
  • the steam generated in the waste heat boiler 10 is collected in the boiler drum 11 and sent to the next process through the superheater 14, but during this time, the steam is superheated by the exhaust gas passing through the waste heat boiler 10. Is done.
  • the temperature and pressure of each part in the incinerator 1 and the waste heat boiler 10 or the amount of refuse supplied (dusting speed), the grate feed speed, the flow rate of primary and secondary combustion air and the water for temperature control Information such as the flow rate (spray volume) of the waste heat, the amount of water flow and evaporation in the waste heat boiler 10, and the concentration of harmful gas and oxygen in the exhaust gas is input to the control device 30, and, for example, When the molten salt adheres to the electrode of the corrosion detector 27 and its electric resistance changes, a signal corresponding to this is output from the corrosion monitor 28 and transmitted to the control device 30.
  • the control device 30 receives information on the corrosive environment sent from the corrosion monitor 28 in addition to the information from the above-described respective portions for the purpose of stabilizing the amount of evaporation and optimizing the exhaust gas properties.
  • the control device 30 performs control calculations for the purpose of reducing the corrosive environment based on this information, and the control signals for comprehensively optimizing these are generated by the grate drive cylinder 5 and the dust supply device drive.
  • Cylinders 6 and the flow control valves 17, 20, 23 are sent to the operating terminals to optimize the operation of the incinerator 1. In this case, at least one of them may be controlled based on the information from each unit described above.
  • the furnace cooling air volume can be increased to lower the exhaust gas temperature, or the grate speed can be reduced to reduce the combustion air volume, By reducing the amount of heat generated in the incinerator, the ash can melt and adhere.
  • the operation of the incinerator is controlled so as to suppress the generation of molten salt due to the above and to reduce the severity of the corrosive environment.
  • the corrosion detection device is provided in the illustrated waste heat incinerator with waste heat boiler.
  • the waste incinerator with waste heat boiler of another configuration or method for example, a fluidized bed waste incinerator
  • the present invention can be applied to a kiln-type incinerator.
  • the corrosion detection device is constituted by the corrosion detector and the corrosion monitor has been described, the corrosion monitor may be omitted and the output signal of the corrosion detector may be directly sent to the control device.
  • the present invention provides a control system for stabilizing the amount of evaporation and optimizing the properties of exhaust gas in a waste incinerator with a waste heat boiler, as well as a corrosive environment for a waste heat boiler. Since the control for the purpose of reducing incineration is performed, the incinerator can be optimally controlled, and the corrosive environment of the waste heat boiler can be constantly and directly monitored during the operation of the incinerator.
  • a refuse incinerator with a waste heat boiler and an operation method according to the present invention include a refuse incinerator, a waste heat boiler for recovering heat of exhaust gas flowing from the refuse incinerator, a control device for controlling operation of the incinerator, and the like.
  • a corrosion detector is installed inside the waste heat boiler to detect the corrosive environment of this waste heat boiler, and information from the corrosion detector is taken into the control unit and incinerated to reduce the corrosive environment. Since the operation of the furnace is controlled, even if the properties of the exhaust gas change due to changes in the incineration, the waste heat boiler By understanding the food environment and operating the incinerator so as to reduce it, corrosion of the waste heat boiler can be prevented.
  • At least one of the combustion air flow rate, the secondary combustion air flow rate, the water spray amount in the furnace, the dust supply speed, the grate feed speed, the boiler inflow water amount, the boiler evaporation amount, etc. is controlled. By doing so, corrosion of the waste heat boiler can be prevented.
  • the above-mentioned corrosion detector is installed in the radiation chamber and / or near the superheater of the waste heat boiler, so that the corrosion near the radiation chamber and / or the superheater of the waste heat boiler where the corrosive environment is severe. It can grasp the environment and perform appropriate operations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un incinérateur de déchets à chaudière de récupération, et un procédé d'exploitation correspondant. De manière furtive, on contrôle le milieu corrosif de ladite chaudière à tout moment, même lorsque les propriétés des effluents gazeux se transforment selon l'évolution des conditions d'exploitation (par exemple, propriétés des déchets et de la charge de l'incinérateur), et il est possible de prévenir la réduction par corrosion de l'épaisseur de la paroi de la canalisation d'eau de la chaudière de récupération. La solution vient de ce que l'incinérateur (1) est équipé d'une chaudière de récupération (10) des effluents gazeux en provenance de l'incinérateur (1), avec détecteur de corrosion (27) dans ladite chaudière (10) fournissant des données à un organe de commande (30) qui contrôle l'exploitation de l'incinérateur (1) afin d'atténuer le milieu corrosif.
PCT/JP2001/005208 2000-06-22 2001-06-19 Incinerateur de dechets et procede d'exploitation WO2001098709A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000187077 2000-06-22
JP2000-187077 2000-06-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001098709A1 true WO2001098709A1 (fr) 2001-12-27

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04146287A (ja) * 1990-10-08 1992-05-20 Oji Paper Co Ltd 回収ボイラおよびその運転方法
JPH0960828A (ja) * 1995-08-21 1997-03-04 Takuma Co Ltd 焼却炉ボイラ
JPH09166576A (ja) * 1995-12-18 1997-06-24 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ボイラ炉内の溶融塩検出装置
JPH11294707A (ja) * 1998-04-07 1999-10-29 Babcock Hitachi Kk 炉壁の腐食監視装置と該監視装置を備えた火炉

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04146287A (ja) * 1990-10-08 1992-05-20 Oji Paper Co Ltd 回収ボイラおよびその運転方法
JPH0960828A (ja) * 1995-08-21 1997-03-04 Takuma Co Ltd 焼却炉ボイラ
JPH09166576A (ja) * 1995-12-18 1997-06-24 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ボイラ炉内の溶融塩検出装置
JPH11294707A (ja) * 1998-04-07 1999-10-29 Babcock Hitachi Kk 炉壁の腐食監視装置と該監視装置を備えた火炉

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