WO2001032821A1 - Portion de produit de lavage ou de nettoyage contenant un agent de blanchiment - Google Patents

Portion de produit de lavage ou de nettoyage contenant un agent de blanchiment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001032821A1
WO2001032821A1 PCT/EP2000/009688 EP0009688W WO0132821A1 WO 2001032821 A1 WO2001032821 A1 WO 2001032821A1 EP 0009688 W EP0009688 W EP 0009688W WO 0132821 A1 WO0132821 A1 WO 0132821A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
detergent
washing
bleach
cleaning agent
cleaning
Prior art date
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PCT/EP2000/009688
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Nitsch
Rolf Bayersdörfer
Jens Bode
Original Assignee
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien
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Publication of WO2001032821A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001032821A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3945—Organic per-compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
    • C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
    • C11D17/042—Water soluble or water disintegrable containers or substrates containing cleaning compositions or additives for cleaning compositions
    • C11D17/044—Solid compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3942—Inorganic per-compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a detergent or bleaching agent portion containing bleach.
  • the present invention relates to a detergent or bleaching agent portion containing bleach, in which at least one detergent-active preparation is completely or completely encased in one or more water-soluble polymer materials is partially surrounded
  • detergents and cleaning agents and processes for their production have been known for a long time and are extensively described in the prior art.
  • detergents or cleaning agents are made available to the consumer in the form of spray-dried or granulated solid products or as liquid goods
  • products in pre-portioned form have become established on the market and are also described in the prior art.
  • the older patent application DE 198 31 703 discloses a portioned washing or cleaning agent preparation in a bag made of water-soluble film, in particular a bag made of (optionally acetalized) polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), in which at least 70% by weight of the particles of the washing or cleaning agent -Preparation have particle sizes> 800 ⁇ m
  • PVAL polyvinyl alcohol
  • washing or cleaning agent preparations containing bleach in particular washing or cleaning agent preparations containing alkali metal percarbonate
  • problems with Stability of the bleaching agent component in the presence of moisture and water-containing further components of the washing or cleaning agent has also been known for a long time.
  • Document EP-A 0 414 463 describes a particulate bleaching washing treatment product in an enclosure in the form of a sachet made of a water-soluble or dispersible film material which is capable of its content to release into the wash liquor during the washing process, the bag being equipped with at least two chambers, one of which contains sodium carbonate as bleach, optionally in admixture with other compatible detergent components, and a second chamber of other w Ash-containing ingredients
  • Such bags - in the same way foil bags - with two or more chambers have the disadvantage that their production is very expensive.
  • such bags or foil bags require much longer than single-chamber bags because of the larger amount of film material to dissolve or completely disperse in the washing or cleaning liquor
  • detergent preparations containing bleach in particular granular preparations containing sodium num carbonate, are disclosed in which the percarbonate is encapsulated in an encapsulation mixture comprising sodium sulfate, carboxymethyl cellulose and an alkylarylpolyglycol ethoxylate surfactant.
  • Encapsulation of the bleaching agent by granulation Mixture of the above components requires an additional process step and is therefore also disadvantageous
  • the invention had for its object to provide bleach-containing detergent or cleaning agent portions in which problems with the bleaching component do not occur. Problems can result on the one hand from a lack of stability of the bleaching component in the presence of moisture or water, which or within the washing-active preparations of the detergent or cleaning agent portions are contained (for example in the zeolites). On the other hand, problems can result from the fact that moisture or water diffuse through the enclosures), which are formed by a water-soluble and water-permeable polymer material become
  • bleach-containing detergent or cleaning agent portions can be provided in which the bleach component remains permanently stable if the bleach-containing washing or cleaning agent portions is provided with at least one enclosure made of a water-soluble polymer material and in the bleach term detergent or detergent portion and / or one or more desiccants incorporated into the at least one enclosure made of a water-soluble polymer material
  • the invention thus relates to a detergent or bleaching agent portion containing bleach with at least one washing-active preparation comprising a bleaching agent in spatial unit with any other washing-active components and one or more enclosures (s) partially or completely surrounding the at least one washing-active preparation from at least one water-soluble one Polymer material, the bleach-containing detergent or cleaning agent portion and / or the at least one enclosure made of a water-soluble polymer material containing one or more drying agents
  • the invention further relates to a washing method, in particular a washing method in a washing machine, in which a detergent portion with at least one detergent preparation comprising at least one bleach in spatial unit with any other detergent active components and one or more, the at least one detergent preparation, partially or completely surrounding enclosure (s) made of at least one water-soluble polymer material, one or more desiccants being / are contained in the detergent or cleaning agent portion containing bleach and / or in the at least one enclosure made of a water-soluble polymer material, according to the detailed description below in a device suitable for a washing process, in particular in a washing machine, placed an aqueous medium at a temperature suitable for the washing process in contact with the detergent portion, whereby the water-soluble polymer material of the um version (s) and the at least one wash-active preparation is dissolved or suspended in the aqueous medium for the washing process
  • the invention also relates to a cleaning method, in particular a cleaning method in a dishwasher, in which a detergent portion with at least one spulative preparation comprising a bleaching agent in spatial unit with any other detergent-active components and one or more, the at least one spool-active preparation, partially or completely surrounding enclosure (s) made of at least one water-soluble polymer material, one or more desiccants being / are contained in the detergent or cleaning agent portion containing bleach and / or in the at least one enclosure made of a water-soluble polymer material, according to the detailed description below in a device suitable for a cleaning process, in particular in a dishwasher, placed an aqueous medium at a temperature suitable for the cleaning process in contact with the detergent portion, whereby the w The water-soluble polymer material of the enclosure (s) is dissolved and the at least one spool-active preparation is dissolved or suspended in the aqueous medium for the cleaning process
  • the term “detergent or cleaning agent portion” means an amount of a detergent or
  • portion of detergent or cleaning agent is understood to mean a portion of a portion of detergent or cleaning agent which, in a phase separated from other portions of detergent or cleaning agent, is in spatial connection with other detergents or cleaning agents Partial portions of the same detergent or cleaning agent portion are present and are prepared by suitable measures such that they are added to the liquor separately from other detergent or cleaning agent partial portions of the same detergent or cleaning agent portion and, if necessary, dissolved or dissolved therein
  • a portion of detergent or cleaning agent can contain the same ingredients as another portion of detergent or cleaning agent in the same portion of detergent or cleaning agent, but preferably contains two portions of detergent or cleaning agent in the same portion of detergent or cleaning agent different content substances, in particular different washing-active preparations
  • the detergent or cleaning agent portions contain measured amounts of at least one detergent-active preparation, usually measured amounts of several detergent-active preparations. It is possible that the portions only contain detergent-active preparations of a certain composition. According to the invention, however, it is preferred that several, usually at least Two detergent-active preparations of different compositions are contained in the detergent or cleaning agent portions.
  • composition can be different with regard to the concentration of the individual components of the detergent-active preparation (quantitative) and / or with regard to the type of individual components of the detergent-active preparation (qualitative) it is preferred that the components are adapted in terms of type and concentration to the tasks which the detergent or cleaning agent portion portions have to perform in the washing or cleaning process
  • Express portions in connection with the present invention are preferably the first, second and optionally comprised of the same or different water-soluble materials third or even higher (fourth, fifth, etc.) measured amounts of one or more active washing preparation (s) which are combined to form a detergent or cleaning agent portion according to the invention
  • wash-active preparation or “spool-active preparation” is understood to mean preparations of all conceivable substances which are relevant in connection with a washing or cleaning process. These are primarily the actual detergents or cleaning agents, with those explained in more detail in the further course of the description Individual components These include active substances such as surfactants (anionic, non-ionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants), builders (inorganic and organic builders), bleaches (such as peroxo bleach and chlorine bleach), bleach activators, bleach stabilizers, bleach catalysts, enzymes, special polymers (for example those with cobuilder properties), graying inhibitors, dyes and fragrances (perfumes), without the term being restricted to these groups of substances
  • active substances such as surfactants (anionic, non-ionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants), builders (inorganic and organic builders), bleaches (such as peroxo bleach and chlorine bleach), bleach activators, bleach stabilizers, bleach catalysts, enzymes, special polymers (for example those with cobuilder properties
  • wash-active preparations or “spool-active preparations” also includes washing aids and cleaning aids.
  • these are optical brighteners, UV protective substances, so-called soil repellents, that is to say polymers which counteract re-soiling of fibers or hard surfaces. as well as silver protection agents.
  • Laundry treatment agents such as fabric softener or dishwashing agent additives such as rinse aid are also considered as active detergent preparations according to the invention
  • An essential component of the detergent or detergent portions containing bleaching agents according to the invention are bleaching agents.
  • bleaching agents include sodium rifle borate tetrahydrate, sodium rump borate monohydrate and sodium rumper carbonate are of particular importance.
  • bleaching agents are, for example, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H 2 0 peracidic salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, Phthaloiminoperklare or Diperdodecandi- acidic percarbonate bleach-containing to the invention are particularly preferred according If detergent or bleach compositions for machine dishwashing prepared, bleaching agents may be selected from the group of organic bleaches Typical organic bleaching agents are the diacyl peroxides, such as dibenzoyl peroxide. Other typical organic bleaching agents are the peroxy acids, examples of which include spec or the alkyl peroxy acids and the aryl peroxy acids are mentioned.
  • Preferred representatives are (a) the peroxybenzoic acid and its ring-substituted derivatives, such as alkyl peroxybenzoic acids, but also peroxy naphthoic acid and magnesium monomer phthalate, (b) the aphatic or substituted aliphatic peroxy acids, such as peroxylaunic acid, peroxystearic acid, ⁇ -phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid [phthaloiminoperoxyhexanoic acid (PAP)], o-carboxybenzamido-peroxycaproic acid, N-Nonenylamidoperadipinklare and N-Nonenylamidoper-succinate, and (c) aliphatic and ara-phatic peroxydicarboxylic acids, such as 1, 12-d ⁇ peroxycarboxylic acid, 1, 9-d ⁇ peroxyacelaic acid, diperocysebacic acid, diperoxybrassyl acid, 2-diperoxybutanoic acid, the diperoxy
  • Chlorine or bromine-releasing substances can also be used as bleaching agents in machine dishwashing compositions.
  • the suitable chlorine or bromine-releasing materials include, for example, heterocyclic N-bromo- and N-chloramides, for example trichloroisocyanuric acid, tbromoisocyanuric acid, dibromoisocyanuric acid and / or dichlorosocyanuric acid ( DICA) and / or salts thereof with cations such as potassium and sodium are also suitable.
  • Hydantoin compounds such as 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, are also suitable.
  • Particularly preferred bleaching agents are sodium numpercarbonate, sodium piperborate tetrahydrate, sodium piperborate monohydrate and diacyl peroxide, where Natnumper carbonate is particularly preferred
  • One or more bleaching agents from the abovementioned group are contained in the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention in total amounts of 1 to 40% by weight, more preferably in amounts of 4 to 20% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the washing or Serving of detergent
  • the bleaching agent (s) is in a spatial unit with any other components of the detergent-active preparations or detergent preparations of the detergent or cleaning agent portion before, that is to say, for example, in the same detergent or detergent portion and, if appropriate, also completely surrounded by one and the same enclosure.
  • wash-active or spool-active preparations which comprise one or more bleaching agents in spatial unit with other components of the wash- or spool-active preparation (s)
  • the bleaching agents do not have any adverse interactions with other parts of the detergent or cleaning agent portion or partial portion.
  • one or more bleaching agents in one of other components one or more rer washing or rinsing preparation (s) is present in separate form.
  • one or more bleaching agents which are present in the washing or rinsing preparation (s) in the form of particles can be provided with a coating or a covering which dissolves on contact with the aqueous phase of the washing or rinsing process and releases the bleach (s) into the liquor.
  • Such coatings or coverings can be made from materials known to the person skilled in the art for this purpose.
  • Examples of these are - without being understood as a limitation - one or more of the materials from the group starch and their derivatives (preferably dextrins), polyalkylene glycols, mixtures of polyalkylene glycols with waxes, (preferably nonionic) surfactants, mixtures of (preferably nonionic) surfactants and polyalkylene glycols, mixtures of (preferably nonionic) surfactants, Polyalkylene glycols and other long-chain fat derivatives (e.g.
  • Fetta alcohols copolymers comprising polyacrylates and polyacrylates, PVP, polyvinyl acetate, fatty acids, alcohols, diols, esters, ethers, dicarboxylic acids, paraffins and waxes and their mixtures.
  • Special coatings are customarily used as coatings for sodium number carbonate.
  • a stabilizing coating is used with special borates Alkahpercarbonate, as known from the European patent application EP 0 459 625 or an alkahpercarbonate encased with a combination of alkali salts, as known from the European patent application EP 0 623 553, also a natnum carbonate, which contains at least two substances (boric acid, borate and / or Silicate as well as carbonate, hydrogen carbonate and / or sulfate) can be used
  • the bleaching agent which is in a spatial unit with any other wash-active components in a wash-active preparation, is not separately encapsulated
  • a preferred detergent or cleaning agent portion according to the invention is one in which one or more bleaching agents, which is / are in the form of particles of a detergent-active or spool-active preparation, are surrounded by a coating or a covering which consists of a further component of a washing or spooling preparation and is able to form a coating which partially or completely surrounds the bleach particles or a corresponding coating.
  • bleaching agents which is / are in the form of particles of a detergent-active or spool-active preparation
  • a coating or a covering which consists of a further component of a washing or spooling preparation and is able to form a coating which partially or completely surrounds the bleach particles or a corresponding coating.
  • these can be (preferably nonionic) surfactants with relatively low melting points, including melting points are understood to be in the temperature range from 30 to 200 ° C., preferably in the range from 35 to 150 ° C., even more preferably in the range from 40 to 100 ° C.
  • one or more bleaches in a molded body from one in d the aqueous washing or cleaning liquor soluble material can be components of the washing or rinsing preparations or can be additional components, the former case being preferred since the component (s) storing the bleaching agent (s)
  • a shaped body can have a function in the washing or cleaning cycle.
  • Such shaped bodies can be present alone or alongside other shaped bodies (for example granules, pearls or the like) or alongside other solid (for example powdery) or liquid components in the detergent or cleaning agent portions of the invention it is particularly preferred if the detergent or cleaning agent portion contains, in addition to the bleaching agent required according to the invention, in a spatial unit with any other washing-active components, additionally particles of one or more bleaching agents which are wholly or partially surrounded by a coating or a coating the coating or the covering can be the materials described above as preferred
  • Drying agents are generally understood to be substances which are suitable for absorbing moisture (in general water) and are used for drying gases, liquids and solids. Drying agents are used according to their mode of action divided into the groups of chemically active (compound formation, hydrate formation) and physically active substances (solution formation, adsorption), the transitions being fluid. The effectiveness of the chemically active drying agents against water is generally determined by their hygroscopicity
  • the desiccants used according to the invention are able to bind moisture or water which is contained within the wash-active preparation of the detergent or cleaning agent portions, or is carried into the wash-active preparation by diffusion through the enclosure (s). Suitable for this are from from the group of physically active desiccants eg dried silica gels, dried zeolites, from the group of chemically active desiccants eg alkali carbonates, sodium sulfate and esters.
  • the esters have a drying effect through their hydrolysis.
  • Fatty acid esters such as the esters of 2-sulfofatty acids (ester sulfonates) are preferred ), for example the 2-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids
  • the drying of the physically active drying agents mentioned can be carried out in any way known to the person skilled in the art for this purpose.
  • the aim is that the drying agents contain as little water as possible and can therefore absorb as much moisture or water as possible
  • one or more desiccants can be contained both in the detergent or cleaning agent portions themselves and in the polymer material of the surrounding at least one enclosure made of water-soluble polymer material. Is that one or more desiccants in the detergent or cleaning agent portion itself, it can bind moisture or water that comes from the ingredients of the detergent or cleaning agent portions. Is that one or more desiccants in which the detergent or Contain detergent portion surrounding at least one enclosure, so it / they can bind moisture or water that diffuses into the enclosure before it / it reaches the detergent portion and there problems with the stability of the bleach component However, preference is given to the simultaneous presence of the one or more drying agents in the detergent or cleaning agent portions and in the polymer material of the at least one enclosure surrounding them
  • the detergent portions containing bleach according to the invention contain one or more substances from the group of surfactants, surfactant compounds, builders, bleaches, bleach activators, enzymes, foam inhibitors, colorants and fragrances and - in the event that the detergent or detergent portions at least in part as moldings - binding and disintegration aids
  • the detergent and cleaning agent portions according to the invention can contain surface-active substances from the group of anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic or cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants being clearly preferred for economic reasons and because of their performance spectrum
  • the anionic surfactants used are, for example, those of the sulfonate and sulfate type.
  • Preferred surfactants are the sulfonate type Olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, are also suitable, as can be obtained, for example, from C 12 -i 8 -monoolefins with a terminal or internal double bond by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products Alkanesulfonates obtained from C 12 18 -alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization.
  • esters of 2-sulfofatty acids esters of 2-sulfofatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the 2-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or t
  • Suitable anionic surfactants are sulfonated fatty acid glycine nests.
  • Fatty acid glycine nests are to be understood as meaning the mono-, di- and t-esters and their mixtures, such as those used in the preparation by esterification of a monoglycene with 1 to 3 mol of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycides with 0. 3 to 2 moles of glycine are obtained.
  • Preferred sulfonated fatty acid glycol esters are the sulfonation products of saturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myinic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid
  • alk (en) yl sulfates the alkali and in particular the sodium salts of the half-sulfuric acid of the C 12 ⁇ 8 fatty alcohols, for example from coconut oil alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C 10 - 2 o- Oxo alcohols and those half esters of secondary alcohols of these chain lengths are preferred.
  • alk (en) yl sulfates of the chain length mentioned which contain a synthetic, petrochemical-based straight-chain alkyl radical which have a degradation behavior analogous to that of the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials from washing technology interest are the C 12-16 alkyl sulfates and C ⁇ 2-15 alkyl sulfates and C ⁇ 4-15 alkyl sulfates preferably 2,3-alkyl sulfates which patents US 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 be prepared for example according to and as commercial products from Shell Oil Company Suitable anion can be obtained under the name DAN ® enside
  • the Schwefelsauremonoester the ethoxylated with 1 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide, linear or branched C 7 2 ⁇ -alcohols such as 2-methyl-verzwe ⁇ gte C ⁇ n-alcohols containing on average 3.5 mol ethylene oxide (EO) or C 12 8 .i - Fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO are suitable. Due to their high foaming behavior, they are used in cleaning agents only in relatively small amounts, for example in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight
  • Suitable anionic surfactants are also the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccmates or as sulfosuccinic acid esters, and which are monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and especially ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
  • Preferred sulfosuccmates contain C 8 .
  • Particularly preferred sulfosuccmates contain a fatty alcohol residue which is derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which in themselves are nonionic surfactants (description see below).
  • alk (en) yl succinic acid having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof
  • Suitable anionic surfactants are, in particular, soaps.
  • Saturated fatty acid soaps such as the salts of launnic acid, mystonic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid and, in particular, soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut oil, palm kernel oil or tallow fatty acid, are suitable
  • the anionic surfactants can be present in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
  • the anionic surfactants are preferably in the form of their sodium or potassium salts. in particular in the form of the sodium salts.
  • surfactants are used in the form of their magnesium salts
  • detergent and cleaning agent portions are preferred which contain 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 7.5 to 40% by weight and in particular 15 to 25% by weight, of one or more anionic ten-s (s), included, each based on the detergent and cleaning agent portion
  • preferred washing and cleaning agent portions according to the invention have a soap content which is 0. 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the detergent and detergent portion, exceeds the preferred anionic surfactants are the alkylbenzenesulfonates and fatty alcohol sulfates, preferred detergent and detergent portions being 2 to 20% by weight, preferably 2.5 up to 15% by weight and in particular 5 to 10% by weight of fatty alcohol sulfate (s), in each case based on the weight of the detergent and cleaning agent portion
  • the nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or can contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals.
  • EO ethylene oxide
  • the preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C 12 . 14 - alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C ⁇ n alcohol with 7 EO, C 13 . 15 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C 12 - ⁇ 8 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, and mixtures of C 12-14 alcohol with 3 EO and C 12-18 alcohol with 5 EO
  • the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical mean values which, for a specific product, can be an integer or a fractional number.
  • Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE) in addition to these nonionic ones
  • Fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used as surfactants. Examples include taig fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO
  • nonionic surfactants which are used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, are alkoxyated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid.
  • alkyl esters preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl esters, as described, for example, in Japanese patent application JP 58/217598 or which are preferably prepared by the process described in international patent application WO-A-90/13533
  • alkyl polyglycosides Another class of nonionic surfactants that can be used advantageously are the alkyl polyglycosides (APG).
  • Alkypolyglycosides that can be used satisfy the general formula RO (G) z , in which R is a linear or branched, in particular in the 2-position methyl-branched, saturated or unsaturated , aliphatic radical with 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 C atoms and G is the symbol which stands for a glycose unit with 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably for glucose, the degree of glycosidation z is between 1.0 and 4 .0, preferably between 1.0 and 2.0 and in particular between 1.1 and 1.4
  • Linear alkyl polyglucosides ie alkyl polyglycosides, in which the polyglycosyl radical is a glucose radical and the alkyl radical is an n-alkyl radical are preferably used
  • the detergent and cleaning agent portions according to the invention can preferably contain alkyl polyglycosides, the contents of the detergent and cleaning agent portions of APG being more than 0.2% by weight, based on the total shaped body, being preferred.
  • Particularly preferred detergent and cleaning agent portions contain APG in amounts of 0.2 to 10% by weight, preferably in amounts of 0.2 to 5% by weight and in particular in amounts of 0.5 to 3% by weight
  • Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylammoxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-d ⁇ hydroxyethylam ⁇ nox ⁇ d, and the fatty acid alkanolamides may also be suitable.
  • the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, especially not more than half of them
  • Suitable surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (I),
  • RCO stands for an aliphatic acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms
  • R 1 for hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms
  • [Z] for a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical with 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups.
  • the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which are usually obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamm or an alkanolamm and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride
  • the group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (II)
  • R represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms
  • R 1 represents a linear, branched or cychk alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
  • R 2 represents a linear, branched or cychk alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxy-alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
  • C 1-4 -alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred
  • [Z] being a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxy-derived derivatives of this residue
  • [Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
  • a reduced sugar for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
  • the N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then, for example, according to the teaching of the international application WO- A-95/07331 can be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst
  • cationic surfactants in addition to anionic and nonionic surfactants. They are preferably used as a wash performance booster, with only small amounts of cationic surfactants being required. If cationic surfactants are used, they are preferred in amounts of 0.01 up to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 3.0% by weight
  • the detergent and cleaning agent portions according to the invention are detergents
  • the amount of surfactant is not the same in all partial portions, rather partial portions with a relatively larger and partial portions with a relatively smaller surfactant content can be provided
  • the detergent and cleaning agent portions according to the invention are cleaning agents, in particular dishwashing agents, they contain them Usually one or more surfactants in total amounts from 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably in amounts from 0.5 to 5% by weight, surfactants in larger or smaller amounts may be present in partial portions of the detergent portions according to the invention. In other words, even in the case of detergent or dishwashing detergents, the amount of surfactant is not the same in all partial portions; rather, partial portions with a relatively larger and partial portions with a relatively smaller surfactant content can be provided
  • detergents and cleaning agents In addition to the detergent-active substances, builders are the most important ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents.
  • the detergent and cleaning agent portions according to the invention can usually contain detergents used in detergents and cleaning agents, in particular zeolites, silicates, carbonates, organic cobuilders and - where there are no ecological ones There are prejudices against their use - including phosphates
  • Suitable crystalline, layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMS ⁇ x 0 2x + 1 yH 2 0, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1, 9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x 2 , 3 or 4 are such crystalline layered silicates are described, for example, in European patent application EP-A-0 164 514.
  • Preferred crystalline layered silicates of the formula given are those in which M represents sodium and x assumes the values 2 or 3 - Also preferred ⁇ -sodium disilicate Na 2 Si 2 0 5 yH 2 0, wherein ⁇ -sodium disilicate can be obtained, for example, by the method described in international patent application WO-A-91/08171
  • Amorphous sodium silicates with a module Na 2 0 S ⁇ 0 2 from 1 2 to 1 3.3, preferably from 1 2 to 1 2.8 and in particular from 1 2 to 1 2.6, which are loosely delayed and have secondary washing properties, can also be used Compared to conventional amorphous sodium silicates, this can have been caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compacting / compaction or by overdrying.
  • amorphous is also understood to mean “X-ray amorphous” provide sharp X-ray reflections, as are typical for crystalline substances, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-rays, which have a width of several degree units of the diffraction angle.However, it can very well lead to particularly good builder properties if the Sihcat particles are used in electron diffraction experiments Deliver washed or even sharp diffraction maxima This is to be interpreted as meaning that the products have microcrystalline regions of the size 10 to a few hundred nm, with values up to max. 50 nm and in particular up to max.
  • An optionally used fine-kneaded, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite is preferably zeolite A and / or P.
  • Zeolite MAP eg commercial product Doucil A24 from Crosfield
  • zeolite X and mixtures of A are also suitable , X and / or P
  • Commercially available and preferably used in the context of the present invention is, for example, a co-installation of zeolite X and zeolite A (approx. 80% by weight zeolite X), which is available from CONDEA Augusta S p A under the Brand name VEGOBOND AX ® is distributed and through the formula
  • Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m (volume distribution, Coulter Counter measurement method) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water
  • phosphates as builders in detergents, provided that such use should not be avoided for ecological reasons.
  • sodium salts of orthophosphates, pyrophosphates and, in particular, polyphosphates are suitable
  • Usable organic scent substances are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids being understood to mean those carboxylic acids which have more than one acid function.
  • these are citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acid.
  • citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any mixtures of these should be mentioned in particular
  • Polymeric polycarboxylates are also suitable as builders. These are, for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or ⁇ er polymethacrylic acid, for example those with a relative molecular weight of 500 to 70,000 g / mol
  • the molar masses given for polymeric polycarboxylates in the context of the present invention are weight-average molar masses M w of the respective acid form, which were determined in principle by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC), a UV detector being used. The measurement was carried out against an external polyacrylic acid Standard which provides realistic molecular weight values due to its structural relationship to the polymers investigated. This information differs significantly from the molecular weight data in which polystyrene sulfonic acids are used as standard. The molecular weights measured against polystyrene acids are generally significantly higher than the molecular weights specified in the context of the present invention
  • Suitable polymers are in particular polyacrylates, which preferably have a molar mass of 2,000 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, the short-chain polyacrylates from this group, the molar masses of 2,000 to 10,000 g / mol, particularly preferably of, can be preferred 3,000 to 5,000 g / mol
  • copolymeric polycarboxylates in particular those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid or of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid.
  • Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid have proven to be particularly suitable Molar mass, based on free acids, is generally 2,000 to 70,000 g / mol, preferably 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular 30,000 to 40,000 g / mol
  • the (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can be used either as a powder or as an aqueous solution.
  • the content of (co) polymeric polycarboxylates in the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention is preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight, in particular 3 to 10% by weight -%
  • the polymers can also contain allylsulfonic acids, such as, for example, in EP-B 0 727 448, allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid as a monomer
  • biodegradable polymers of more than two different monomer units are preferred, for example those which, according to DE-A 43 00 772, are monomers, salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid, and also vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives or according to DE-C 42 21 381 contain as monomers salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkylallylsulfonic acid as well as sugar derivatives
  • copolymers are those which are described in German patent applications DE-A 43 03 320 and DE-A 44 17 734 and preferably contain acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate as monomers
  • polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids their salts or their precursor substances.
  • Particularly preferred are polyaspartic acids or their salts and derivatives, of which it is disclosed in German patent application DE-A 195 40 086 that, in addition to co-builders, Properties also have a bleach-stabilizing effect
  • polyacetals which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyolcarboxylic acids which have 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups, for example as described in European patent application EP-A 0 280 223.
  • Preferred polyacetals are derived from dialdehydes such as glyoxal and glutaraldehyde - Hyd, terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and obtained from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid
  • dextrins for example ohgomers or polymers of carbohydrates, which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches.
  • the hydrolysis can be carried out by customary, for example acid or enzyme-catalyzed, processes.
  • the products are hydrolysis products with average molecular weights in the range from 400 up to 500,000 g / mol
  • the oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide to the carboxylic acid function.
  • oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide to the carboxylic acid function.
  • Such oxidized dextrins and processes for their preparation are known in particular from European patent applications EP-A 0 232 202 , EP-A 0 427 349, EP-A 0 472 042 and EP-A 0 542 496 and from the international patent applications WO 92/18542, WO 93/08251, WO 93/16110, WO 94/28030, WO 95/07303 , WO 95/12619 and WO 95/20608 known
  • An oxidized Ohgosacchand according to German patent application DE-A 196 00 018 is also suitable.
  • a product oxidized at C 6 of the Sacchand ring can be particularly advantageous
  • Ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinate (EDDS) the synthesis of which is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,158,615, is preferred in the form of its sodium - or magnesium salts are furthermore preferred in this context, too, glycine disuccinates and glycine disisuccinates, as described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 4,524,009 and 4,639,325, in European patent application EP-A 0 150 930 and in Japanese patent application JP- A 93 / 339,896 are described. Suitable amounts for formulations containing zeolites and / or silicates are 3
  • organic co-builders are, for example, acetyheric hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may optionally also be in lactone form and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and a maximum of two acid groups.
  • Such co-builders are described, for example, in international patent application WO 95/20029
  • phosphonates are, in particular, hydroxyalkane or aminoalkane phosphonates.
  • the preferred aminoalkane phosphonates are ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate (EDTMP), diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonate (DTPMP) and their higher homologues. They are preferably used in the form of neutral reactants.
  • HEDP is preferably used as a builder from the class of the phosphonates.
  • the aminoalkanephosphonates also have a pronounced heavy metal binding capacity. Accordingly, it can, in particular if the washing according to the invention - Or detergent portions also contain bleach, be preferred to use aminoalkane phosphonates, in particular DTPMP, or to use mixtures of the phosphonates mentioned
  • washing or cleaning agents can contain further ingredients usual in washing or cleaning agents from the group of bleach activators, enzymes, fragrances, perfume carriers, fluorescent agents, dyes, foam inhibitors, silicone, antiredeposition agents, optical brighteners , Graying inhibitors contain color transfer inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors
  • bleaching agents serve as bleaching agents and supply H 2 0 2 in water have already been explained above as essential components of the detergent or cleaning agent portions containing bleaching agents according to the invention.
  • a bleaching agent from the above-mentioned group can be used.
  • several bleaching agents are used , in particular when it is intended to use the wash-active or spulative preparations at different temperatures
  • bleach activators can be incorporated into the detergent and cleaning agent portions.
  • Bleach activators can be compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, contain ahphatic peroxocarboxylic acids with preferably 1 to 10 C Atoms, in particular 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid, can be used. Substances which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the stated number of carbon atoms and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups are preferred.
  • Multi-acetylene alkylenediamines are preferred , in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated tnazindinovate, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-diooxohexahydro-1, 3,5-trinazione (DADHT), acyherized glycolunle, in particular tetraacetylglycol ul (TAGU), in particular acylimide N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenol sulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenz olsulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic acid anhydrides, especially phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, especially tnacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate and 2,5-dimacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran
  • TAED
  • bleach catalysts can also be incorporated into the detergent and cleaning agent portions.
  • These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, for example - or Mo-salen or carbonyl complexes
  • Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing Tnpod ligands as well as Co, Fe, Cu and Ru-amine complexes can be used as bleaching catalysts
  • Enzymes which come from the class of proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases or mixtures thereof are particularly suitable.
  • Bacterial strains or fungi such as Bacillus subtihs, Bacillus hcheniformis and Streptomyces gnseus are particularly suitable.
  • Substances Proteases of the subtihsin type and in particular proteases which are obtained from Bacillus lentus are preferably used.
  • Enzyme mixtures for example from protease and amylase or protease and lipase or protease and cellulase or from cellulase and lipase or from protease, amylase and lipase or Protease, lipase and cellulase, but especially cellulase-containing mixtures of particular interest.
  • Peroxidases or oxidases have also proven to be suitable in some cases.
  • the enzymes can be adsorbed on carriers and / or embedded in shell substances in order to protect them against premature decomposition the enzymes, enzyme mixtures or enzyme granules in the compositions according to the invention can be, for example, about 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to about 2% by weight
  • enzymes are primarily added to a detergent preparation, in particular to a dishwashing detergent which is intended for the main wash cycle.
  • the disadvantage here was that the optimum action of the enzymes used restricted the choice of temperature and also problems with the stability of the enzymes in the strongly alkaline Milieu occurred
  • With the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention it is possible to use enzymes also in the pre-wash cycle and thus to use the pre-wash cycle in addition to the main wash cycle for enzyme action on soiling of the ware
  • enzymes to the wash-active preparation or partial portion of a detergent portion intended for the pre-rinse cycle, and then - more preferably - to include such a preparation with a material which is already water-soluble at low temperature, in order, for example, to prevent the enzyme-containing preparation from losing its effectiveness
  • the enzymes are furthermore preferably optimized for use under the conditions of the fast-moving cycle, for example in cold water
  • the detergent portions according to the invention can be advantageous if the enzyme preparations are in liquid form, as they are partially available commercially, because then a quick effect can be expected that already occurs in the (relatively short and cold water) pre-wash cycle even if - as usual - the enzymes are used in solid form and they are provided with a cover made of a water-soluble material that is already soluble in cold water, the enzymes can develop their effect before the main wash or main wash cycle.
  • the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention also contain further additives, as are known from the prior art as additives for washing or cleaning agent preparations. These can be either one or more, if necessary, all of them -Portions (detergent-active preparations) of the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention are added or - as described in the copending patent application No. 199 29 098 9 entitled "Active ingredient portion pack" - in the water-soluble materials comprising the detergent preparations, that is for example, can be incorporated into the water-soluble films, but also into the capsules or coatings according to the invention
  • optical brighteners customary in detergents can be used here. These are added as an aqueous solution or as a solution in an organic solvent to the polymer solution which is converted into the film, or are added to a partial portion (detergent active Preparation) of a detergent or cleaning agent added in solid or liquid form.
  • optical brighteners are derivatives of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid or its alkali metal salts.
  • brighteners of the type of the substituted diphenylstyryl can be used in the partial portions (washing-active preparations) of the inventions
  • Detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention may be present, for example the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl) diphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl) diphenyl or 4- (4- Chlorostyryl) -4 '- (2-sulfostyryl) dipheny
  • UV protection substances are substances which are released in the washing liquor during the washing process or during the subsequent soft rinsing process and which accumulate on the fiber, in order then to have a UV protection effect
  • Ciba Speciahty Chemicals which are commercially available under the name Tinosorb, are suitable
  • additives which are preferred in special embodiments are surfactants, which in particular can influence the solubility of the water-soluble film, but can also control its wettability and the foaming when dissolved, and foam inhibitors, but also bitter substances, which inadvertently swallow such packaging or parts of such packaging prevent from children
  • a further group of additives preferred according to the invention are dyes, in particular water-soluble or water-dispersible dyes. Dyes are preferred here, as are usually used to improve the visual appearance of products in detergents and cleaning agents have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients of the wash-active preparations and to light, and have no pronounced substantivity to textile fibers so as not to dye them.
  • the dyes are present in the detergent or cleaning agent portions in amounts of less than 0.01% by weight. % present
  • polymers that have cobuilder properties, for example polyacrylic acids, when modified, such as washing or cleaning or spooling Polyacrylic acids or corresponding copolymers
  • polymers that have cobuilder properties, for example polyacrylic acids, when modified, such as washing or cleaning or spooling Polyacrylic acids or corresponding copolymers
  • polyvinyl pyrrolidone and other graying inhibitors such as copolymers of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cellulose ethers and the like.
  • so-called soil repellents can also be used as polymers, as they are and cleaning agent are known and are described in detail below
  • bleaching catalysts in particular bleaching catalysts for machine dishwashing detergents or detergents.
  • Complexes of manganese and cobalt are used here, in particular with ligands containing nitrogen
  • silver protection agents are a large number of mostly cych organic compounds which are also familiar to the person skilled in the art and which help to prevent tarnishing of silver-containing objects during the cleaning process Triazoles, Benzot ⁇ azole and their complexes with metals such as Mn, Co, Zn, Fe, Mo,
  • the detergent or cleaning agent portions can also contain so-called soil repellents, i.e. polymers which build up on fibers or hard surfaces (for example on porcelain and glass), have a positive influence on the oil and fat washability from textiles and thus specifically prevent re-soiling counteracting
  • soil repellents i.e. polymers which build up on fibers or hard surfaces (for example on porcelain and glass)
  • oil- and fat-dissolving components include, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose with a proportion of methoxy groups of 15 to 30% by weight and hydroxypropoxy groups of 1 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the nonionic cellulose ether, and also the Polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid or their derivatives known from the prior art, in particular polymers
  • All of these additives are added to the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention in amounts of up to at most 30% by weight, preferably 2 to 20% by weight.
  • the addition can also be made to a material of a water-soluble enclosure, the one or the other
  • the washing agent (s) comprises (s)
  • this is less preferred
  • Fragrances are added to the detergent and cleaning agent portions according to the invention in order to improve the overall aesthetic impression of the products and, in addition to the technical performance (fabric softening result), to provide the consumer with a sensorially typical and unmistakable product.
  • Individual fragrance compounds can be used as perfumes or fragrances are, for example the synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon fragrance compounds of the ester type are, for example, benzyl acetate, phenoxyethylsobutyrate, pt-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbinylacetate, phenylethyl acetate, benzylylphenylhexylate, ethylylphenylhexylate, ethylylphenylhexylate, ethyllylylphenylhexylate, ethylylbenzylethylphen
  • the aldehydes include, for example, linear alkanals with 8 to 18 C atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, cycl amenaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lileal and bourgeonal
  • the ketones include the ionones, ⁇ -isomethyhonone, and methyl cedryl ketone.
  • the alcohols include anethole, citronellol, eugenol, geraniol, lmalool, phenylethyl alcohol and terpmeol.
  • the hydrocarbons mainly include terpenes such as limonene and pinene. Mixtures of different odoriferous substances are used in this way are coordinated so that they produce an appealing fragrance together. Such perfumes can also contain natural fragrance mixtures, as are available from plant sources.
  • Examples are Pme, citrus, jasmine, patchouh, rose or ylang-ylang oil nutmeg are suitable oil, sageiol, chamomile oil, clove oil, mehssenol, mmzol, cinnamon leaf oil, linden blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiverol, ohbanumol, galbanumol and labdanum oil as well as orange blossom oil, neroliol orange peel oil and sandalwood oil
  • the fragrance content is usually in the range of up to 2% by weight of the total detergent or cleaning agent portion
  • the fragrances can be incorporated directly into the wash-active preparations, but it can also be advantageous to apply the fragrances to supports which increase the adhesion of the perfume to the wash and ensure a long-lasting fragrance of the textiles by slower fragrance release.
  • Such carrier materials have been found, for example Cyclodextine preserves
  • the cyclodextine-perfume complexes can additionally be coated with other auxiliaries
  • the perfumes and fragrances can be contained in each of the partial portions (washing-active preparations) of the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention.
  • they are contained in a detergent in a partial detergent provided for the post-wash cycle or fabric softener cycle.
  • this is, for example, with a bag consisting of F consisting of several chambers different water solubility possible
  • disintegration aids are known as tablet disintegrants under “tablet disintegrants” or “accelerators of disintegration” according to Rompp Chemielexikon (9th edition, volume 6, page 4440) and Voigt "Textbook of pharmaceutical technology” (6th edition, 1987, pages 182 to 184) understood auxiliaries that are used for the rapid disintegration of tablets in water or aqueous liquids such as gastric juice and ensure the release of pharmaceuticals in an absorbable form
  • Disintegration aids which due to their effect are also referred to as "disintegrants", increase their volume when water enters.
  • the own volume can be increased be (swelling)
  • a pressure can also be generated via the release of gases, which causes the tablet to disintegrate into smaller particles
  • Well-known disintegration aids, the effect of which is the release of gas are, for example, carbonate / citric acid Systems, whereby other organic acids can also be used
  • Swelling disintegration aids are, for example, synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) or natural polymers or modified natural products such as cellulose and starch and their derivatives, alginates or casein derivatives
  • PVP polyvinyl pyrrolidone
  • natural polymers such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)
  • modified natural products such as cellulose and starch and their derivatives, alginates or casein derivatives
  • Preferred bleach-containing detergent and cleaning agent portions if they are in the form of articles, contain 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% by weight and in particular 4 to 6% by weight, of one or more disintegration auxiliaries, in each case based on the Molded body weight
  • Disintegration aids based on cellulose are used as preferred disintegration aids in the context of the present invention, so that preferred washing and cleaning agent moldings such a disintegration aid based on cellulose in amounts of 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% by weight and contain in particular 4 to 6% by weight of pure cellulose has the formal gross composition (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n and, formally speaking, is a ⁇ -1,4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is composed of two molecules of glucose. Suitable celluloses consist of about 500 to 5,000 glucose units and consequently have average molar masses of 50,000 to 500,000.
  • Cellulose-based disintegration aids which can be used in the context of the present invention are also cellulose derivatives which can be obtained from cellulose by polymer-analogous reactions.
  • Such chemically modified celluloses include products from Vere, for example Esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxyl hydrogen atoms have been substituted But celluloses in which the hydroxyl groups are replaced by functional groups which are not bound via an oxygen atom can also be used as cellulose derivatives.
  • alkahcelluloses, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cellulose esters and ethers and aminocelluloses The cellulose derivatives mentioned are preferably not used as a cellulose-based disintegration aid, but are used in a mixture with cellulose.
  • the content of these mixtures of cellulose derivatives is preferably below 50% by weight. %, particularly preferably below 20% by weight, based on the cellulose-based disintegration aid. Particular preference is given to using cellulose-based disintegration aid which is free of cellulose derivatives
  • the cellulose used as disintegration aid is preferably not used in finely divided form, but rather before being added to the premixes to be pressed into a Coarser form, for example granulated or compacted detergent tablets, which contain disintegrants in granular or optionally cogran-enriched form, are described in German patent applications DE 197 09 991 (Stefan Herzog) and DE 197 10 254 (Henkel) as well as in the international patent application Patent application WO 98/40463 (Henkel) described These documents can also be found in more detail on the production of granulated, compacted or cogranuized cellulose disintegrants.
  • the particle sizes of such disintegration aids are usually above 200 ⁇ m, preferably at least 90% by weight between 300 and 1,600 ⁇ m and in particular at least 90% by weight between 400 and 1,200 ⁇ m.
  • the coarser cellulose-based disintegration aids mentioned above and described in more detail in the cited documents are preferably to be used as disintegration aids in the context of the present invention and are commercially available, for example, under the name Arbocel® TF-30-HG available from Rettenmaier
  • Microcrystalline cellulose can be used as a further disintegration aid based on cellulose or as a component of this component.
  • This microcrystalline cellulose is obtained by partial hydrolysis of celluloses under conditions which only attack and completely dissolve the amorphous areas (approx. 30% of the total cellulose mass) of the celluloses. leave the crystalline areas (approx. 70%) undamaged.
  • a subsequent disaggregation of the microfine celluloses resulting from the hydrolysis yields the microcrystalline celluloses, which have particle sizes of approx. 5 ⁇ m and can be compacted, for example, into granules with an average particle size of 200 ⁇ m
  • the bleach-containing detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention are wholly or partially surrounded by one or more enclosures made of a water-soluble polymer material which partially or completely comprises the at least one detergent-active preparation.
  • the washing or cleaning agents -Portion contains a enclosure from one or more water-soluble polymer material (s) or that several enclosures are included.
  • the presence of an enclosure is preferred, which has advantages in the choice of materials and also with regard to the requirement that the water-soluble polymer material must be left behind in the washing or cleaning liquor without residues.
  • the enclosure (s) can be made from a single water-soluble polymer material or can be formed from several different polymer materials chied polymer materials may be particularly preferred
  • the enclosure comprises a water-soluble polymer material.
  • the enclosure is even more preferably a flat plastic part, even more preferably a plastic packaging.
  • Plastic capsules or bottles are preferred here and in particular packaging in the form of a water-soluble polymer film.
  • plastic film packaging is preferably glued and / or sealed. Foil packaging is particularly advantageous.
  • the enclosure is a water-soluble polymer film glued with a water-soluble adhesive
  • Such films are known in principle from the prior art and originate, for example, from the group (optionally acetated) of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, water-soluble polyacrylates, water-soluble polyurethanes, polyethylene oxide, gelatin, cellulose and mixtures thereof
  • Polyvinyl alcohols are polymers of the general structure
  • poly alcohols are produced via polymer-analogous reactions by hydrolysis, technically in particular by alkaline-catalyzed transesterification of polyvinyl acetates with alcohols (preferably methanol) in solution.
  • alcohols preferably methanol
  • PVAL accessible which contain a predeterminable residual proportion of acetate groups, the latter are sometimes also referred to as “acetahased” PVAL
  • PVAL eg Mow ⁇ ol ® types from Hoechst
  • the water solubility of PVAL can be reduced by post-treatment with aldehydes (acetase), by complexing with Ni or Cu salts or by treatment with dichromates, boric acid, borax and thus specifically adjusting to desired values.
  • Films made of PVAL are largely impenetrable for Gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, however, allow water vapor to pass through Examples of suitable water-soluble PVAL films are the PVAL films available from Syntana bottlesgesellschaft E Harke GmbH & Co under the name "SOLUBLON 6 "'. Their solubility in water can be adjusted to the degree, and films of this product series are available which are available in all temperature ranges relevant to the application are soluble in the aqueous phase
  • PVP Polyvmylpyrrohdone
  • PVP are produced by radical polymerization of 1-vinyl pyrrole-donor.
  • Commercial PVPs have molar masses in the range from approx. 2500-750 000 g / mol and are offered as white, hygroscopic powders or as aqueous solutions
  • Polyethylene oxides, PEOX for short, are polyalkylene glycols of the general formula
  • Gelatin is a polypeptide (molecular weight approx. 15,000 to> 250,000 g / mol), which is obtained primarily by hydrolysis of the collagen contained in the skin and bones of animals under acidic or alkaline conditions.
  • the amino acid composition of the gelatin largely corresponds to that of the collagen, from which it was obtained, and varies depending on its provenance.
  • the use of gelatin as a water-soluble shell material is extremely widespread, particularly in pharmacy in the form of hard or soft gelatin capsules. Gelatin is found in the form of films because of its comparison to the abovementioned polymers high price, little use - ⁇ y -
  • portioned detergent and cleaning agent compositions the pouch of which consists of water-soluble film made from at least one polymer from the group starch and starch derivatives, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, in particular methyl cellulose and mixtures thereof
  • Starch is a homoglycan, with the glucose units linked ⁇ -glycosidically. Starch is made up of two components of different molecular weights. From approx. 20-30% straight-chain amylose (molar mass approx. 50,000 to 150,000) and 70 to 80% branched-chain amylo- pectm (molar mass approx. 300,000 to 2,000,000), in addition there are small amounts of lipids, phosphoric acid and cations.
  • amylose forms long, helical, intertwined chains with about 300 to 1,200 glucose molecules due to the binding in the 1 4-position
  • the chain branches after an average of 25 glucose building blocks through 1,6-bond formation to form a knot-like structure with about 1,500 to 12,000 molecules of glucose.
  • starch derivatives which produce water-soluble bags are also within the scope of the present invention are obtainable from starch by polymer-analogous reactions.
  • Such chemically modified starches include, for example, products from s Esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxyl hydrogen atoms have been substituted But starches in which the hydroxyl groups have been replaced by functional groups which are not bound by an oxygen atom can also be used as starch derivatives.
  • Derivatives include, for example, alkah starches, carboxymethyl starch (CMS), starch esters and starches, and amo starches
  • Pure cellulose has the formal gross composition (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n and, formally speaking, is a ß-1 4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is made up of two molecules of glucose. Suitable celluloses consist of approx. 500 to 5000 glucose Units and consequently have average molar masses of 50,000 to 500,000. Cellulose-based disintegrants which can be used in the context of the present invention are also cellulose derivatives which can be obtained from cellulose by polymer-analogous reactions.
  • Such chemically modified celluloses include, for example, products from esterifications or etherifications in to which hydroxy hydrogen atoms have been substituted But celluloses in which the hydroxyl groups have been replaced by functional groups which are not bound via an oxygen atom can also be used as cellulose derivatives.
  • the group of cellulose derivatives includes, for example, alkali celluloses and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cellulose esters and ethers and aminocelluloses
  • Preferred enclosures made of water-soluble film consist of a polymer with a molecular weight between 5,000 and 500,000 daltons, preferably between 7,500 and 250,000 daltons and in particular between 10,000 and 100,000 daltons
  • the water-soluble film which forms the enclosure preferably has a thickness of 1 to 150 ⁇ m, preferably 2 to 100 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 5 to 75 ⁇ m and in particular 10 to 50 ⁇ m, on
  • These water-soluble films can be produced by various manufacturing processes.There are principally blowing, calendering and casting processes. In a preferred process, the films are blown from a melt with air through a blowing mandrel to form a tube. In the calendering process, which also belongs to the production processes used preferably, the raw materials plasticized by suitable additives are used to form the films. Here it may be necessary, in particular, to connect drying to the evaporation processes. In the casting process, which is also one of the preferred production processes, an aqueous polymer preparation is applied to a heatable drying roller, after the evaporation of the water is optionally cooled and the film is removed as a film. If necessary, this film is additionally powdered before or during the removal, depending on the stability or processability of the additives to be used For specific functionalized films, individual methods of the methods presented here can be particularly preferred
  • the detergent and cleaning agent portions containing bleach according to the invention can be in a number of different configurations. Such configurations can depend on the components used in particular, in particular on the detergent preparations, but can also be freely selectable within certain limits
  • washing-active preparations in the form of powders, powder mixtures or in the form of particulate bodies, for example spheres or granules, so that detergent and cleaning agent portions according to the invention are suitable as single-portion packs or packs of combinations of powdery or particulate components to be provided, for example as combinations of powdery or particulate components in foal bags with one or more chambers or layers or as individual portions or combinations of powdery components in capsules.
  • the solid, for example powdery, components can be processed into granules or beads and in The form of granules or pearls - comparable to the powders - can be packed in bags made of film with several layers or chambers or in capsules, in which form they are then used immediately for washing or cleaning s
  • the bleach-containing detergent or cleaning agent portions can also be present in the form of solids pressed into bodies, which can have any shape, such shaped bodies (such as tablets, blocks, briquettes, rings or the like) are from the State of the art and can also in ⁇ I ⁇
  • shaped bodies can also have depressions, hollows, incisions or the like, which serve special purposes for accommodating individual washing-active preparations.
  • shaped bodies in combination with powders, in combination with liquids (the latter, for example, then in a closed enclosure) a water-soluble material) or in combination with a wash-active preparation embedded in a fusible matrix within the scope of the present invention.
  • wash-active preparations are conceivable and encompassed by the invention which alone, combined with other liquid detergent-active preparations or combined with solid detergent-active preparations in a single enclosure or in a combination of several enclosures which may be connected to one another can be put
  • the invention also relates to a washing process, in particular a washing process in a washing machine, in which a detergent portion with at least one non-encapsulated bleaching agent in spatial unit with any other detergent-active preparation and one or more detergents containing at least one detergent-active Preparation of partially or completely surrounding enclosure (s) made of at least one water-soluble polymer material, the bleach-containing detergent or cleaning agent portion and / or the at least one enclosure comprising a water-soluble polymer material containing one or more drying agents, according to the preceding one detailed description placed in an apparatus suitable for a washing process, in particular in a washing machine, brings an aqueous medium at a temperature suitable for the washing process into contact with the detergent portion, as a result of which the water-soluble poly mer material of the enclosure (s) and the at least one wash-active preparation is dissolved or suspended in the aqueous medium for the washing process
  • the invention also relates to a cleaning method, in particular a cleaning method in a dishwasher, in which a detergent portion with at least one non-encapsulated bleaching agent in a spatial unit with any other detergent-active preparation and one or more detergent-containing preparations partially or completely surrounding enclosure (s) made from at least one water-soluble polymer material, the bleach-containing detergent or cleaning agent portion and / or the at least one enclosure made from a water-soluble polymer material containing one or more drying agents, according to the preceding one detailed description placed in a device suitable for a cleaning process, in particular in a dishwasher, an aqueous medium of a temperature suitable for the cleaning process in contact with the cleaning agent Portion brings what that dissolved water-soluble polymer material of the enclosure (s) and the at least one spulactive preparation is dissolved or suspended in the aqueous medium for the cleaning process

Abstract

L'invention concerne une portion de produit de lavage ou de nettoyage comportant au moins une préparation détergente contenant un agent de blanchiment dans une unité spatiale, avec d'autres composants détergents quelconques, et au moins une enveloppe constituée d'au moins un matériau polymère hydrosoluble, qui entoure partiellement ou complètement la ou les préparations détergentes. Au moins un dessiccateur est contenu dans la portion de produit de lavage ou de nettoyage contenant un agent de blanchiment et/ou dans l'enveloppe ou dans les enveloppes constituées d'un matériau polymère hydrosoluble. L'invention concerne également un procédé de lavage ou de nettoyage impliquant l'utilisation de portions de produit de lavage ou de nettoyage selon l'invention.
PCT/EP2000/009688 1999-10-29 2000-10-04 Portion de produit de lavage ou de nettoyage contenant un agent de blanchiment WO2001032821A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19952090.9 1999-10-29
DE1999152090 DE19952090A1 (de) 1999-10-29 1999-10-29 Bleichmittelhaltige Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel-Portion

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WO2001032821A1 true WO2001032821A1 (fr) 2001-05-10

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH434104A (de) * 1964-05-01 1967-04-15 Schuepbach Ag Konditionierendes Verpackungsmaterial
DE1460861A1 (de) * 1962-02-09 1971-03-04 Colgate Palmolive Co Bleichmittelpackung
DE2915980A1 (de) * 1978-04-28 1979-11-08 Kao Corp Verfahren zum stabilisieren von natriumpercarbonat
JPS55102696A (en) * 1979-02-01 1980-08-06 Jiyonson Kk Oxygen type detergent bleaching composition
US4715983A (en) * 1984-12-18 1987-12-29 Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. Method of storing a solid chlorinating agent
EP0414462A2 (fr) * 1989-08-23 1991-02-27 Unilever Plc Produit de traitement pour le linge
WO1998030670A2 (fr) * 1997-01-10 1998-07-16 Gerald Thomas Hinton Detergent

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1460861A1 (de) * 1962-02-09 1971-03-04 Colgate Palmolive Co Bleichmittelpackung
CH434104A (de) * 1964-05-01 1967-04-15 Schuepbach Ag Konditionierendes Verpackungsmaterial
DE2915980A1 (de) * 1978-04-28 1979-11-08 Kao Corp Verfahren zum stabilisieren von natriumpercarbonat
JPS55102696A (en) * 1979-02-01 1980-08-06 Jiyonson Kk Oxygen type detergent bleaching composition
US4715983A (en) * 1984-12-18 1987-12-29 Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. Method of storing a solid chlorinating agent
EP0414462A2 (fr) * 1989-08-23 1991-02-27 Unilever Plc Produit de traitement pour le linge
WO1998030670A2 (fr) * 1997-01-10 1998-07-16 Gerald Thomas Hinton Detergent

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 198038, Derwent World Patents Index; Class D25, AN 1980-66784C, XP002156691 *

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