WO2001005587A1 - Tablero tipo sandwich - Google Patents

Tablero tipo sandwich Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001005587A1
WO2001005587A1 PCT/ES1999/000226 ES9900226W WO0105587A1 WO 2001005587 A1 WO2001005587 A1 WO 2001005587A1 ES 9900226 W ES9900226 W ES 9900226W WO 0105587 A1 WO0105587 A1 WO 0105587A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
melamine
impregnated
sandwich
board
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES1999/000226
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Javier Ayestaran Alzualde
Original Assignee
Prodema, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Prodema, S.A. filed Critical Prodema, S.A.
Priority to PCT/ES1999/000226 priority Critical patent/WO2001005587A1/es
Priority to DK99929336.8T priority patent/DK1199157T3/da
Priority to DE69941795T priority patent/DE69941795D1/de
Priority to ES99929336T priority patent/ES2337319T3/es
Priority to EP19990929336 priority patent/EP1199157B1/fr
Priority to AT99929336T priority patent/ATE451230T1/de
Priority to AU46174/99A priority patent/AU4617499A/en
Priority to US09/359,841 priority patent/US6703140B2/en
Publication of WO2001005587A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001005587A1/es

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/08—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B23/00—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose
    • B32B23/04—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising such cellulosic plastic substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B23/044—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising such cellulosic plastic substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B23/00—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose
    • B32B23/04—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising such cellulosic plastic substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B23/00—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose
    • B32B23/04—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising such cellulosic plastic substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B23/08—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising such cellulosic plastic substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/42—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31859—Next to an aldehyde or ketone condensation product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31859—Next to an aldehyde or ketone condensation product
    • Y10T428/31862—Melamine-aldehyde
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31859—Next to an aldehyde or ketone condensation product
    • Y10T428/31862—Melamine-aldehyde
    • Y10T428/31866—Impregnated or coated cellulosic material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31859—Next to an aldehyde or ketone condensation product
    • Y10T428/31877—Phenol-aldehyde
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/3188—Next to cellulosic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/3188—Next to cellulosic
    • Y10T428/31895—Paper or wood
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T428/31942—Of aldehyde or ketone condensation product
    • Y10T428/31949—Next to cellulosic
    • Y10T428/31957—Wood
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/31942—Of aldehyde or ketone condensation product
    • Y10T428/31949—Next to cellulosic
    • Y10T428/31964—Paper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31975—Of cellulosic next to another carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31978—Cellulosic next to another cellulosic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31975—Of cellulosic next to another carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31978—Cellulosic next to another cellulosic
    • Y10T428/31982—Wood or paper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31989—Of wood
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31993—Of paper

Definitions

  • Sandwich boards for outdoor uses are already known in which different layers of wood and cellulosic material are involved with impregnations that are then subjected to a pressing to create a compact board.
  • a cellulose film impregnated in melamine is used between the soul and the veneer that acts as a physical-chemical barrier.
  • the durability, functionality, presence of these boards depends on the number of layers of different materials used, the type of resin with which it is impregnated, so the combinations are endless and only a few of them give practical results, as is the combination that is the subject of the invention.
  • the surface resistance to solar radiation mainly to ultraviolet rays (UVA rays)
  • UVA rays ultraviolet rays
  • the applicant has also overcome this obstacle by converting the acrylic film into a multilayer film composed of a transparent / translucent film, of an acrylic nature and an absorbent cellulose film that will also be transparent / translucent when impregnated in a resin of the same nature as the used as impregnation in the front layer of the sandwich, joining both films by an adhesive.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic section with the different layers that constitute the board object of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic section of the acrylic film layer (5). An example of practical, non-limiting embodiment of the present invention is described below.
  • the board has a face (Ci) and counter face (C 2 ).
  • any sandwich board for outdoor use must carry an exterior film (5) of an acrylic nature to the outside.
  • the last or outer film (5) -figure 2- is a transparent / translucent multilayer film (because its components are transparent / translucent) composed of an outer film (5 ⁇ ) of an acrylic nature, an adhesive (5), for example in base polyurethane, acrylic based, polychloroprenes, etc., and an absorbent cellulose film (5 3 ) impregnated in a resin of the same nature or compatible with the resin used to impregnate the immediately lower layer, in the case of figure 1 would be the tone package (4 ). For example, if a phenolic resin has been used as impregnation in the shade package (4), the absorbent cellulose film (5 3 ) will be impregnated with phenolic resin.
  • a series of packages (called kraft) of cellulose absorbent sheets impregnated in phenolic resin are available as core (1).
  • the board is symmetrical, so only one side will be described, but it is within the object of the invention that some element is not disposed of as unnecessary, for example in the counter (C 2 ).
  • a wooden sheet (3) of low thickness and impregnated with phenolic resin is placed, for example with 0.8 mm. If this arrangement were left as is, a physical-chemical exchange between the wood veneer (3) and the soul (1), for example from pigments of the soul (1) to the wood (3) which can harm the nature of the wood, even causing a chromatic change in its hue and spots, what would cause its failure since its surface can be seen from the outside.
  • a package of shades (4) consisting of films that according to the needs can be one to three cellulose films, each of them impregnated in one of the following resins is placed: melamine, melamine-acrylic, phenol or melamine-phenol.
  • melamine melamine-acrylic
  • phenol melamine-phenol
  • a mold release film (6) that is not incorporated into the board structure but gives the surface finish is arranged in the pressing of the board, on the last film (5) .
  • the release film (6) may be different for the face (Ci) and the countercat (C 2 ).
  • the release film (6) can be chosen between a matt silicon, a polypropylene or a gloss silicon to achieve respectively a matt finish, a satin finish or a crystal gloss.
  • the final board is compact and of a thickness (e) of about 10 mm.
  • multilayer film of an acrylic nature (5) can be used with the board described for Figure 1, or other sandwich boards, for example that only consist of core (1) and wood veneers (3), or core (1 ) and tone packs (4).
  • Example I A (180) phenolic kralf 180/290 gr./m 2 and the corresponding sheet (2) of melamine are arranged as a core (1).
  • the tone package (4) consists of an inner cellulose film impregnated in phenolic resin and with a dark hue, and an outer cellulose film impregnated in melamine and with a silica charge.
  • a siliconized glass gloss film is used for both sides (Ci), (C 2 ).
  • the result is a board of approximate dimensions of 2440 x 1220 x 8 mm. with both sides equal, smooth, bright and dark toned.
  • Example II A phenolic kralf 180/290 gr./m 2 and the corresponding sheet (2) of melamine are arranged as a core (1).
  • the wood veneers (3) are 0.75 0.80 mm thick.
  • the tone package (4) consists of an inner cellulose film impregnated in phenolic resin and with a clear hue and an outer cellulose film impregnated in melamine and with a silica charge.
  • a polypropylene film is used for both sides (Cj . ), (C 2 ).
  • the result is a board of approximate dimensions of 2440 x 1220 x 10 mm. with both sides equal, smooth, satin and clear hue.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

Tablero tipo sandwich, de los que constan de cara y contracara, disponiendo a modo de capas y de modo sucesivo desde el centro hacia el exterior de un alma de celulosa impregnada en resina fenolica; un film de celulosa impregnada en melamina; una chapa de madera laminada tratada con una resina fenolica; un paquete de tonos de uno a tres films translúcidos y/o transparentes de celulosa impregnada cada uno de ellos en una resina elegida entre melamina, melamina-acrílica, fenolica, melamina-fenolica; un film acrílico transparente/translúcido multicapa y con un acabado superficial obtenido por medio de un film desmoldeante en el proceso de prensado del tablero. De aplicación en el campo de la construcción.

Description

"TABLERO TIPO SANDWICH"
Ya son conocidos los tableros tipo sandwich para usos exteriores en los que intervienen diferentes capas de madera y de material celulósico con impregnaciones que luego es sometido a un prensado para originar un tablero compacto.
Dichos tableros conocidos presentan entre otros inconvenientes:
- Contaminación físico-química de las diferentes capas del tablero impregnadas en diferentes resinas. -Poca adaptabilidad cromática a las exigencias de los diferentes clientes.
- Poca adaptabilidad de acabado superficial en la presentación final del tablero.
-Poca resistencia a las condiciones físico-químicas ambientales, por ejemplo a los rayos ultravioletas.
En estos tableros se suele utilizar como alma, un paquete de láminas de celulosa impregnada de resina fenolica sobre la que se coloca, por cada lado, una plancha delgada, por ejemplo, 0'5 mm. de madera también impregnada de resina fenolica. La pigmentación más basta y obscura del alma pasa con facilidad a la plancha de madera, contaminándola, llegando a modificar su presencia exterior.
Para evitarlo se dispone entre el alma y la chapa de madera, un film de celulosa impregnado en melamina que hace de barrera físico-química.
La durabilidad, funcionalidad, presencia de estos tableros depende del número de capas de diferentes materiales que se utilice, el tipo de resina con los que se impregna, por lo que las combinaciones son infinitas y solamente unas pocas de ellas dan resultados prácticos, como es la combinación que es objeto del invento. La resistencia superficial a las radiaciones solares, fundamentalmente a los rayos ultravioletas (rayos UVA), se consigue presentando al exterior del sandwich un film de naturaleza acrílica, pero en la práctica de laboratorio, el solicitante ha observado que un tablero-sandwich simplemente con un film acrílico al exterior no supera la prueba de inmersión en ebullición durante dos horas, originándose burbujas y deformaciones.
El solicitante también ha superado este obstáculo al convertir el film acrílico en un film multicapa compuesto por un film transparente/translúcido, de naturaleza acrílica y un film de celulosa absorbente que también será transparente/translúcido al impregnarse en una resina de la misma naturaleza que la utilizada como impregnación en la capa anterior del sandwich, uniéndose ambos films por un adhesivo.
Para comprender mejor el objeto de la presente invención, se representa en los planos una forma preferente de realización práctica, susceptible de cambios accesorios que no desvirtúen su fundamento.
La figura 1 es una sección esquemática con las diferentes capas que constituyen el tablero objeto del invento.
La figura 2 es una sección esquemática de la capa-film acrílica (5). Se describe a continuación un ejemplo de realización práctica, no limitativa, del presente invento.
El tablero dispone de cara (Ci) y contracara (C2). En el invento, cualquier tablero sandwich de uso exterior deberá llevar al exterior un film exterior (5) de naturaleza acrílica. El film último o exterior (5) -figura 2- es un film multicapa transparente/translúcido (porque son transparentes/translúcidos sus componentes) compuesto por un film exterior (5ι) de naturaleza acrílica, un adhesivo (5 ), por ejemplo en base poliuretano, en base acrílica, policloroprenos, etc., y un film de celulosa (53) absorbente impregnado en una resina de la misma naturaleza o compatible con la resina utilizada para impregnar la capa inmediatamente inferior, en el caso de la figura 1 sería el paquete de tonos (4). Por ejemplo, si en el paquete de tonos (4) se ha utilizado como impregnación una resina fenolica, el film de celulosa absorbente (53) irá impregnado en resina fenolica.
Se dispone como alma (1) una serie de paquetes (denominados kraft) de hojas absorbentes de celulosa impregnadas en resina fenolica. En principio el tablero es simétrico, por lo que solo se describirá uno de los lados, pero entra en el objeto del invento que algún elemento no se disponga por innecesario, por ejemplo en la contracara (C2).
Sobre el alma (1) se coloca una chapa de madera (3) de poco espesor e impregnada en resina fenolica, por ejemplo con 0'8 mm.. Si esta disposición se dejara tal cual, se originaría un intercambio físico-químico entre la chapa de madera (3) y el alma (1), por ejemplo de pigmentos del alma (1) a la madera (3) lo cual puede perjudicar a la naturaleza de la madera, incluso originar un cambio cromático en su tonalidad y manchas, lo que ocasionaría su fracaso ya que su superficie puede ser vista desde el exterior.
Sobre la chapa de madera (3) se coloca un paquete de tonos (4) constituido por films que de acuerdo con las necesidades puede ser de uno a tres films de celulosa, cada uno de ellos impregnado en una de las siguientes resinas: melamina, melamina-acrílica, fenol o melamina-fenol. Normalmente cada uno de los films de dicho paquete (4) son transparentes o traslúcidos, pudiendo llevar cargas pigmentarias y de sílice, con lo que se conseguiría diferentes tonalidades y resistencia abrasiva. El último film (5) acrílico transparente es para mayor seguridad en las propiedades de resistencia físico-química a las condiciones ambientales, por ejemplo rayos ultravioletas..
Dado que la presencia superficial de estos tableros es también muy importante, se dispone en el prensado del tablero, sobre el último film (5), un film desmoldeante (6) que no se incorpora a la estructura del tablero pero le da el acabado superficial. El film desmoldeante (6) puede ser diferente para la cara (Ci) y la contracata (C2).
El film desmoldeante (6) se puede elegir entre un siliconado mate, un polipropileno o un siliconado brillo para conseguir respectivamente un acabado mate, un satinado o un brillo cristal.
El tablero final es compacto y de un espesor (e) de unos 10 mm.
Se comprende que film multicapa de naturaleza acrílica (5) puede utilizarse con el tablero descrito para la figura 1, u otros tableros sandwich, por ejemplo que solo consten de alma (1) y chapas de madera (3), o de alma (1) y paquetes de tonos (4).
Ejemplo I Se dispone como alma (1) un kralf fenolico 180/290 gr./m2 y la correspondiente lámina (2) de melamina.
Las chapas de madera (3) son de un espesor de 0'75 -=- 0'80 mm.
El paquete de tonos (4) se compone de un film interior de celulosa impregnada en resina fenolica y con tonalidad obscura, y un film exterior de celulosa impregnado en melamina y con una carga de sílice.
El film exterior (5) transparente acrílico con transmitancia < 2% a longitud de onda 290 -e- 370 mm., con densidad 1 ' 13 gr/cm3. Para el desmoldeo se utiliza para ambas caras (Ci), (C2) un film siliconado brillo cristal.
El resultado es un tablero de dimensiones aproximadas de 2440 x 1220 x 8 mm. con ambas caras iguales, lisas, con brillo y de tonalidad obscura.
Ejemplo II Se dispone como alma (1) un kralf fenolico 180/290 gr./m2 y la correspondiente lámina (2) de melamina.
Las chapas de madera (3) son de un espesor de 0'75 0'80 mm.
El paquete de tonos (4) se compone de un film interior de celulosa impregnado en resina fenolica y con tonalidad clara y un film exterior de celulosa impregnado en melamina y con una carga de sílice.
El film exterior (5) transparente acrílico con transmitancia < 2% a longitud de onda 290 -r- 370 mm., con densidad 1 ' 13 gr/cm3.
Para el desmoldeo se utiliza para ambas caras (Cj.), (C2) un film de polipropileno.
El resultado es un tablero de dimensiones aproximadas de 2440 x 1220 x 10 mm. con ambas caras iguales, lisas, satinadas y de tonalidad clara.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S 1.- Tablero tipo sandwich, con cara y contracara, de los que constan de varias capas sucesivas, caracterizado porque al exterior presenta como cara y/o contracara un film transparente/translúcido multicapa que consta desde el exterior hacia el interior de a).- un film de naturaleza acrílica; b).- un adhesivo; c).- un film de celulosa absorbente impregnado en una resina de la misma naturaleza que la resina utilizada para impregnar la capa inmediatamente siguiente en el sandwich.
2.- Tablero tipo sandwich, según reivindicación anterior, caracterizado porque dispone a modo de capas y de modo sucesivo desde el centro hacia la cara y contracara de: a).- un alma constituida por paquetes de hojas absorbentes de celulosa impregnada en resina fenolica; b).- un film de celulosa impregnada en melamina; c).- una chapa de madera laminada tratada con una resina fenolica; d).- un paquete de tonos de uno a tres films translúcidos y/o transparentes de celulosa impregnada cada uno de ellos en una resina elegida entre melamina, melamina-acrílica, fenolica, melamina- fenolica; e).- el film transparente/traslúcido multicapa y con un acabado superficial obtenido por medio de un film desmoldeante en el proceso de prensado del tablero.
3.- Tablero tipo sandwich, según reivindicación segunda, caracterizado porque el film desmoldeante se elige entre un siliconado mate, un polipropileno o un siliconado brillo.
4.- Tablero tipo sandwich, según reivindicación segunda, caracterizado porque al menos uno de los films del paquete de tonos lleva una carga de sílice.
5.- Tablero tipo sandwich, según reivindicación segunda, caracterizado porque al menos uno de los films del paquete de tonos lleva una carga de pigmentación.
PCT/ES1999/000226 1999-07-15 1999-07-15 Tablero tipo sandwich WO2001005587A1 (es)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES1999/000226 WO2001005587A1 (es) 1999-07-15 1999-07-15 Tablero tipo sandwich
DK99929336.8T DK1199157T3 (da) 1999-07-15 1999-07-15 Panel af sandwich-typen
DE69941795T DE69941795D1 (de) 1999-07-15 1999-07-15 Sandwichplatte
ES99929336T ES2337319T3 (es) 1999-07-15 1999-07-15 Panel de tipo sandwich.
EP19990929336 EP1199157B1 (fr) 1999-07-15 1999-07-15 Panneau de type sandwich
AT99929336T ATE451230T1 (de) 1999-07-15 1999-07-15 Sandwichplatte
AU46174/99A AU4617499A (en) 1999-07-15 1999-07-15 Sandwich type panel
US09/359,841 US6703140B2 (en) 1999-07-15 1999-07-23 Sandwich type board

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES1999/000226 WO2001005587A1 (es) 1999-07-15 1999-07-15 Tablero tipo sandwich
US09/359,841 US6703140B2 (en) 1999-07-15 1999-07-23 Sandwich type board

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001005587A1 true WO2001005587A1 (es) 2001-01-25

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US (1) US6703140B2 (es)
EP (1) EP1199157B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE451230T1 (es)
AU (1) AU4617499A (es)
DE (1) DE69941795D1 (es)
DK (1) DK1199157T3 (es)
ES (1) ES2337319T3 (es)
WO (1) WO2001005587A1 (es)

Cited By (2)

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WO2004009274A1 (es) * 2002-07-19 2004-01-29 Prodema, S.A. Tablero tipo sandwich
ES2219167A1 (es) * 2003-01-24 2004-11-16 Composites Gurea, S.A. Tablero estratificado para revestimientos exteriores.

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FR2868733B1 (fr) * 2004-04-09 2007-11-02 Faurecia Interieur Ind Snc Materiau composite en feuille thermoformable pour garniture interieure de vehicule automobile dote d'une feuille de bois decoratif, element de garniture de vehicule comprenant un tel materiau, et procedes de fabrication associes
FR2894178A1 (fr) * 2005-12-06 2007-06-08 Arkema Sa Film multicouche protecteur
KR101412719B1 (ko) * 2007-07-17 2014-06-26 후지필름 가부시키가이샤 감광성 조성물, 경화성 조성물, 신규 화합물, 광중합성조성물, 컬러 필터, 및, 평판 인쇄판 원판
FI129913B (fi) * 2010-02-19 2022-10-31 Metsaeliitto Osuuskunta Menetelmä komposiittilevyn valmistamiseksi
US8741443B2 (en) 2011-05-18 2014-06-03 Powertray, LLC Disposable food tray
FI128003B (fi) 2016-03-24 2019-07-31 Metsaeliitto Osuuskunta Menetelmä puuviilutuotteen valmistamiseksi ja menetelmällä valmistettu puuviilutuote
DE102016112792A1 (de) * 2016-07-12 2018-01-18 Guido Schulte Paneel

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GB2066156A (en) * 1979-12-28 1981-07-08 Unitex Ltd Foam core sandwich construction
DE19503776A1 (de) * 1995-02-04 1996-08-08 Kruse Christian Verbundwerkstoff und daraus hergestellter Gegenstand
GB2307882A (en) 1995-12-07 1997-06-11 Prodema S A Board

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US3589974A (en) * 1968-04-24 1971-06-29 Formica Corp Decorative laminate surfaced with a compressed layer of a fibrillated acrylic fiber paper,said paper having been transparentized during a heat and pressure consolidation step and having been substantially free of any impregnating resin
US3975572A (en) * 1975-12-22 1976-08-17 Formica Corporation Thin, tough, stable, mar-resistant laminate
DE3533737A1 (de) * 1985-09-21 1987-03-26 Hoechst Ag Dekorative platte mit verbesserten oberflaecheneigenschaften

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GB2066156A (en) * 1979-12-28 1981-07-08 Unitex Ltd Foam core sandwich construction
DE19503776A1 (de) * 1995-02-04 1996-08-08 Kruse Christian Verbundwerkstoff und daraus hergestellter Gegenstand
GB2307882A (en) 1995-12-07 1997-06-11 Prodema S A Board

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004009274A1 (es) * 2002-07-19 2004-01-29 Prodema, S.A. Tablero tipo sandwich
ES2200700A1 (es) * 2002-07-19 2004-03-01 Prodema S A Tablero tipo sandwich
ES2219167A1 (es) * 2003-01-24 2004-11-16 Composites Gurea, S.A. Tablero estratificado para revestimientos exteriores.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2337319T3 (es) 2010-04-22
ATE451230T1 (de) 2009-12-15
US6703140B2 (en) 2004-03-09
EP1199157A1 (fr) 2002-04-24
EP1199157B1 (fr) 2009-12-09
US20030129430A1 (en) 2003-07-10
DE69941795D1 (de) 2010-01-21
AU4617499A (en) 2001-02-05
DK1199157T3 (da) 2010-04-19

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