WO2001002978A2 - Diagnoseverfahren und diagnosesystem zur überwachung der verfügbaren ressourcen in einem herstellungsprozess - Google Patents
Diagnoseverfahren und diagnosesystem zur überwachung der verfügbaren ressourcen in einem herstellungsprozess Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001002978A2 WO2001002978A2 PCT/EP2000/005500 EP0005500W WO0102978A2 WO 2001002978 A2 WO2001002978 A2 WO 2001002978A2 EP 0005500 W EP0005500 W EP 0005500W WO 0102978 A2 WO0102978 A2 WO 0102978A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- delivery
- supply
- system provider
- members
- diagnostic
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
- G06Q10/087—Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
- G06Q10/06312—Adjustment or analysis of established resource schedule, e.g. resource or task levelling, or dynamic rescheduling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a diagnostic method for monitoring the available resources in a manufacturing process and a diagnostic system with the aid of which this method can be implemented.
- the manufacture of complex goods by a system provider takes place in a hierarchical manufacturing process in which a multitude of different resources in the form of raw materials, semi-finished products, components and services are required in the successive manufacturing stages.
- the system provider obtains these resources from supply members, whereby these supply members can be internal company suppliers on the one hand, but also external suppliers on the other.
- resources in the form of inventories and stocks are held in the supply links, which tie up a considerable proportion of the capital. If these inventories are too large, unnecessary costs arise from the tied-up capital; on the other hand, if the stocks are too small, delivery times cannot be met, especially in the case of fluctuations in demand, which also results in losses. There is therefore a great need to optimize the available resources in the production process in such a way that the associated costs are minimized
- the manufacturing process also includes legally independent suppliers operating freely on the market, continuously retrievable data on the supplier's workload, production and logistics processes etc. are generally not available, since this information is part of the supplier's core know-how that other people - especially other suppliers or competitors - get no insight.
- Existing systems for describing and planning the manufacturing process can therefore only be used meaningfully for planning within a single company and fail if they are distributed across different companies to different partners and external suppliers are involved.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a diagnostic method which enables continuous monitoring of the available resources in a manufacturing process in which external delivery members are involved. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a diagnostic system by means of which this diagnostic method can be implemented ,
- the diagnostic system also contains continuously updated data on the forecast gross requirements and demand forecast of the system provider, information on the current stock and stocks of each individual supply element and a key figure for each supply element, which is a measure of the responsiveness of the supply element to changes in the requirements of the system provider ,
- the diagnostic system depicts a manufacturing system that operates according to the "pull-pzip", in which the requirements of the system provider form the trigger for the entire manufacturing chain - and thus also for each individual supply link From the predicted requirements of the system provider and the information about the current stocks and inventories of each supply link, the diagnostic system uses the key figure of this supply link to calculate whether the current stock levels of the supply link concerned meet the forecast requirements of the system provider.
- each delivery link receives information from the diagnostic system as to which quantities of the goods it has made available, at what point in time, by the system provider or by other delivery links.
- the supply link finds out at which points in the network there are capacity bottlenecks and thus has the option of adjusting its own capacities (stock levels, capacity utilization, etc.): For example, it can recognize in advance that another supply link that is supplying it can cannot provide the required quantities of raw materials, and may be able to look for an alternative supplier in good time.
- the diagnostic system thus has the function of an early warning system in the short and medium term, which unites everyone involved in the network appropriate and timely response to local disruptions in the manufacturing process. Furthermore, all changes in requirements and inventory (e.g. in the stocks of a delivery member) can be fed directly into the diagnostic system by the system provider and the delivery members and thus be communicated to all those involved in the manufacturing system simultaneously, thereby minimizing the run-out costs when a model is finished; Furthermore, the start-up of a new model on the production system can be carried out in parallel to models that are already running - with little additional effort.
- a particularly concise representation of the delivery capability of each delivery link is achieved with the aid of a traffic light function (see claim 3), in which a delivery link receives a "green light” if the stock of this delivery link corresponds at least to the forecast demand, while the delivery link shows a "red light” receives when its inventory falls below the forecast demand.
- a lead time is expediently determined in advance, which is the time interval between the goods receipt or the goods issue of this supplier and the place of installation at System provider characterized (see claim 5). Regardless of the provision of data on current stock levels by the delivery members, based on the requirements of the system provider, the quantities of inventories, semi-finished products, etc. that are currently available in the stores of the delivery members can be calculated at any time using the lead time should be.
- the diagnostic system is expediently accessed via the Internet. This ensures that delivery members worldwide can view the current status of the network at any time and can even feed their current data into the information system (see claim 8).
- the diagnostic system thus ensures the greatest possible transparency of the entire manufacturing process and the resources of all involved suppliers - while at the same time allowing external suppliers to keep internal company parameters to themselves.
- the supplier must provide a key figure that is a measure of its ability to deliver (and thus at least indirectly contains internal process and utilization data), the determination of this key figure is reserved for each individual supplier (see claim 2).
- the supplier can use the key figure to indicate his ability to deliver and readiness to deliver, while at the same time maintaining the greatest possible autonomy.
- a range is expediently chosen as the key figure of the delivery member, which is a measure of the period over which the delivery member is able to compensate for fluctuations in demand of the system provider (see claim 4).
- the delivery link specifies a very small range for its delivery capability and thus presents itself as very “agile”, it indicates that it can adapt its process level very quickly to changing requirements of the system provider; however, there is a risk that this Delivery member with strong or medium-term fluctuations in demand of the system provider has delivery problems, which is expressed in a "red" traffic light.
- the supplier specifies a very large range for his ability to deliver, this suggests that the supplier has large warehouses with which it can compensate for fluctuations in demand; his traffic light thus remains “green” even when the system provider makes major changes to the requirements, but it can be assumed - particularly in the case of excessively long ranges - that the delivery member has oversized his warehouse and thus has a lot of dead capital.
- the diagnostic procedure thus describes a self-regulating system in which the delivery members - based on the information provided to them in the diagnostic system by the system provider and the other delivery members - choose their own "optimal operating state" and thus contribute to optimizing the entire supply chain If the system provider does not optimize the entire delivery network, such a comprehensive optimization would mean a profound intervention in the autonomy of the delivery members and would therefore be unacceptable for the majority of the delivery members.
- the diagnostic system allows the system provider to continuously monitor inventory and especially delivery bottlenecks in the delivery network. the. In this way, impending delivery bottlenecks with sub-suppliers can be recognized in the short and medium term. An early response to the bottlenecks increases the overall supply chain's ability to deliver.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a network of delivery members involved in a manufacturing process
- FIG. 1 shows an image of a manufacturing process in which raw materials, semi-finished products or system components are provided by a network 1 of delivery members 2, from which a final product is manufactured by a system provider 3.
- Each delivery link 2 in this network 1 is shown in the form of a box in FIG. 1, the arrows between the boxes indicate the delivery direction between the delivery links 2.
- the term "supply link” here not only designates production facilities for raw materials, semi-finished products or system components, but also service providers such as transporters 4 (whose boxes are shown with a light gray background in FIG. 1).
- the delivery links 2 jointly supply the system provider 3, who is the last link of the Network 1.
- the majority of the delivery links 2 within the network 1 are networked dependent on each other in the form of supply chains 5, with each delivery link 2 supplying the delivery link 2 'which follows in the delivery sequence with an example of an example of delivery links 2, which together form one represent such supply chain 5 is shown hatched in Figure 1.
- FIG. 2 shows a concrete example of a supply chain 5 composed of a plurality of delivery links 2: this is the manufacturing process of leather components which are installed by the system provider 3 as part of a door lining of a passenger car.
- the supply chain 5 comprises three manufacturing plants 6, 7, 9, of which two (manufacturing plants 6 (leather cutting) and 7 (leather sewing)) are located in South Africa and one (manufacturing plant 9 (partial assembly of door trim)) in Germany.
- the supply chain 5 contains a transport company 8, which transports the semi-finished leather products from South Africa to Germany.
- each delivery element 2 has an input buffer 1 0, an output buffer 1 1 and a process level 1 2, which can include one or more of the production stages, transport stages, etc.
- the buffers 1 0.1 1 represent stocks and serve to at least partially decouple the material flow between other supply links 2 located in the supply chain 5.
- the input buffer 1 0 'of the production site 9 ensures that the production site 9 has enough semi-finished leather products for partial assembly the tower cladding is available until the next delivery; In order to be able to install door cladding even in the event of delivery difficulties of the production sites 6 and 7 or of the transporter 8, it may make sense for the production site 9 to design its input buffer 10 ′ larger.
- the size of the input buffer 1 0 'of the manufacturing facility 9 is thus highly dependent on how well the manufacturing facility 9 is informed about the current state of the manufacturing facilities 6, 7 and the transporter 8 to be supplied.
- the output buffer 1 1 'of the manufacturing facility 9 ensures that the manufacturing facility 9, even in the event of difficulties in its own process stage 1 2' or in the event of an increased need by the system provider 3, has enough partially assembled door panels available to supply the system provider 3
- the system provider 3 In order to produce certain quantities of the end product manufactured by him, the system provider 3 needs certain quantities of the goods or services that must be delivered to him in time by the delivery members 2.
- the requirements of the system provider 3 in their time sequence projected into the future are broken down - according to the “pull-pzip” - into requirements with respect to each individual supply element 2 in the network 1.
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the predicted requirements of the system provider 3 with regard to a specific delivery element 2 'in their chronological order.
- Bo denotes the quantity of the (at an earlier point in time) supply element 2 'provided by the system supplier 3, which is installed at the current point in time to.
- ⁇ denotes the lead time of the supply link 2 'in its supply chain 5, then the supply link 2' must be able to deliver a quantity Bi of the semi-finished product at the present time to, so that the system provider 3's need for semi-finished product (or the one from it components provided by other delivery members) can be covered.
- the lead time ⁇ of the delivery member 2 ' corresponds to the average time interval between the goods issue at the delivery member 2' and the installation location at the system provider 3
- the range T is a parameter dependent on the output element that each individual delivery element 2' - based on its internal process and storage capacities
- the target stock in the output buffer 1 1 'of the delivery element 2' is then calculated from the total of all gross requirements that occurred in the period between t. and t + T are expected to be T, + T
- Target stock J gross demand T
- This target stock is shown in Figure 3 as a gray area
- the range T by which the supply member 2 'characterizes its own buffer and process capacities, has the meaning of a "response time" If the delivery link 2 'has a process stage 1 2', the capacity of which is very variable and can therefore be quickly adjusted to fluctuations in demand, the delivery link 2 'can be characterized by a short range T A large part of a ( Time-limited) increase in demand can then be compe by a temporarily increased utilization of process level 1 2 '(eg production) be nsiert, and the output buffer 1 1 'is emptied only to a small extent, however, the delivery link 2' has a time-lag process stage 1 2 ', so fluctuations in demand can only be compensated for with a large time delay, such a delivery link 2' must therefore create a correspondingly large output buffer 1 1 'in order to be able to deliver the required gross requirements in good time at any time, even if there are fluctuations in demand
- a range T' for the input buffer 1 0 'of the supply element 2' can also be determined, with the aid of which the target stock of the input buffer 1 0 'is calculated
- a diagnostic system 13 is provided for the continuous monitoring of the delivery capability of the entire network 1 of the delivery members 2, which is shown hatched in FIG. 2.
- This diagnostic system 1 3 contains all information relating to the networking of the delivery members 2 and the ranges TJ 'of all delivery members 2.
- Diagnostic system 1 3 stored the lead tents ⁇ of each delivery member 2.
- the diagnostic system 1 3 contains current data relating to the predicted needs of the system provider 3 and the stocks of the buffers 1 0.1 1 of all delivery elements 2, these data being kept continuously up to date.
- each individual delivery link 2 is continuously determined from the current demand and inventory data with the aid of the ranges TJ 'of the delivery links 2 by calculating whether the stocks of the buffers 1 0.1 1 of this delivery link 2 meet the forecast requirements surpass or not
- each delivery member 2 receives from the diagnostic system 1 3 Data Information about (potential) inability to deliver of the other delivery elements 2 in the network 1. It is then the responsibility of the delivery element 2 to draw conclusions from this overall information by adapting its own buffers 1 0.1 1 or process stages 1 2 and / or acts accordingly on other delivery elements 2, on which it depends.
- the system provider 3 does not intervene in the individual planning of the delivery elements 2, so that the planning sovereignty of each individual delivery element 2 is preserved.
- each delivery link 2 ' Since the lead times ⁇ of all delivery links 2 are shown in the diagnostic system 1 3, each delivery link 2 'has an insight into the lead tents ⁇ of all other delivery links 2.
- the lead tents ⁇ and their interdependencies are therefore from the diagnostic system all delivery links 2 transparent. If - for example due to a data failure - one of the delivery members 2 'cannot supply data with regard to its buffers 1 0.1 1, then due to the lead tents ⁇ and the requirements of the system provider 3, the volumes to be delivered can still be calculated for all other delivery members 2 and this Delivery links 2 are made available. Even in the event of a (local) data failure, the “warning function” therefore functions for all other delivery elements 2.
- the diagnostic system 1 3 is advantageously implemented as an electronic data processing program on a central computer.
- the central computer is e.g. at the location of the system provider 3, and the access of the delivery members 2 to the diagnostic system 1 3 is expediently via the Internet.
- access to the website in question is protected with a password.
- each delivery link 2 can therefore see whether and to what extent the delivery links 2 in front of him in the supply chain 5 are able to meet future needs.
- the diagnostic system 1 3 allows the system provider 3 to check along the entire delivery network 1 whether the necessary goods can be provided by the delivery members 2 on schedule.
- the traffic light function offers the delivery members 2 clues for the design of their buffers 10.1 1: If the traffic light of a delivery member 2 is constantly "green", the current stock of this delivery member is continuously above the target stock; buffers 1 0.1 1 This supply link 2 may therefore be chosen too large. In this case, this delivery link 2 can achieve considerable cost savings by reducing its buffers 1 0.1 1.
- the traffic lights of many delivery links 2 are conspicuously often " red ", this indicates problems of the delivery members or could be an indication of an incorrect estimate of the lead tents ⁇ . In this case, a careful analysis of the mutual dependencies of the delivery elements 2 in this branch 5 is recommended.
- the delivery links 2 of which supply each other sequentially in strict dependency In general, however, the network 1 of the delivery links - as shown in FIG. 1 - is non-linear, so that a delivery link 2 is supplied by several other delivery links 2 can also be a supply link
- the delivery link 2 (e.g. a freight forwarder) can be represented several times in a single supply chain and / or can be represented simultaneously in several different supply chains 5 (e.g. delivery link 4 in FIG. 1).
- the delivery link 2 must design all buffers 10,1 1 and optimize the utilization of all of its process stages 1 2 (internally) so that it is able to satisfy all the demands placed on them by the system provider 3 at the same time.
- the semi-finished products provided by a delivery member can be used by the system provider
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/019,699 US6954874B1 (en) | 1999-07-02 | 2000-06-15 | Diagnostic method and diagnostic system for monitoring available resources in a production process |
BR0012523-7A BR0012523A (pt) | 1999-07-02 | 2000-06-15 | Processo de diagnose e sistema de diagnose para a monitorização dos recursos disponìveis em um processo de fabricação |
EP00938792A EP1230601A2 (de) | 1999-07-02 | 2000-06-15 | Diagnoseverfahren und diagnosesystem zur überwachung der verfügbaren ressourcen in einem herstellungsprozess |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19930446.7 | 1999-07-02 | ||
DE19930446A DE19930446C1 (de) | 1999-07-02 | 1999-07-02 | Diagnoseverfahren und Diagnosesystem zur Überwachung der verfügbaren Resourcen in einem Herstellungsprozeß |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001002978A2 true WO2001002978A2 (de) | 2001-01-11 |
WO2001002978A8 WO2001002978A8 (de) | 2002-06-20 |
Family
ID=7913360
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2000/005500 WO2001002978A2 (de) | 1999-07-02 | 2000-06-15 | Diagnoseverfahren und diagnosesystem zur überwachung der verfügbaren ressourcen in einem herstellungsprozess |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6954874B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1230601A2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR0012523A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19964498A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001002978A2 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA200200134B (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6596900B2 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2003-07-22 | Pfizer Inc | Fused bicyclic or tricyclic amino acids |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10115046A1 (de) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-10 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Abbildes eines netzwerkartigen Herstellungsprozesses |
DE10252112A1 (de) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-06-05 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln und Überwachen von Ressourcen in einem Herstellungsprozess |
JP4532042B2 (ja) * | 2001-12-25 | 2010-08-25 | 株式会社リコー | 生産管理方法及び生産管理プログラム |
DE10246302A1 (de) * | 2002-10-02 | 2004-04-15 | Volkswagen Ag | Zentraleinrichtung und Verfahren zum elektronischen Generieren und Verwalten von Lieferantendaten |
DE10343014A1 (de) * | 2003-09-17 | 2005-04-14 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren und Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung zum Durchführen eines Bedarfs-Kapazitäts-Abgleichs |
DE102005055246A1 (de) * | 2005-11-19 | 2006-07-27 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Produktionssystems |
US20090007231A1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-01-01 | Caterpillar Inc. | Secured systems and methods for tracking and management of logistical processes |
US20100241490A1 (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-09-23 | William John Purcell | Evaluating extended supply chains |
US8090995B2 (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2012-01-03 | Sap Ag | System monitoring |
US20140067468A1 (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2014-03-06 | Motorola Mobility Llc | Method and apparatus for supply range based forecasting |
CN114444896B (zh) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-03-31 | 浙江大学 | 供应链数据处理系统和方案 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0425357A (ja) * | 1990-05-18 | 1992-01-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 投入指示装置 |
JP3447286B2 (ja) * | 1990-11-28 | 2003-09-16 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 生産計画作成システムおよび生産計画作成方法 |
US5193065A (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1993-03-09 | Caterpillar Inc. | System for requistioning and distributing material in a manufacturing environment |
EP0770967A3 (de) * | 1995-10-26 | 1998-12-30 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | System zur Entscheidungsunterstützung für das Management einer flinken Versorgungskette |
US5974395A (en) * | 1996-08-21 | 1999-10-26 | I2 Technologies, Inc. | System and method for extended enterprise planning across a supply chain |
US6477660B1 (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 2002-11-05 | Sap Aktiengesellschaft | Data model for supply chain planning |
-
1999
- 1999-07-02 DE DE19964498A patent/DE19964498A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-07-02 DE DE19930446A patent/DE19930446C1/de not_active Revoked
-
2000
- 2000-06-15 BR BR0012523-7A patent/BR0012523A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-06-15 US US10/019,699 patent/US6954874B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-06-15 WO PCT/EP2000/005500 patent/WO2001002978A2/de active Search and Examination
- 2000-06-15 EP EP00938792A patent/EP1230601A2/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-01-07 ZA ZA200200134A patent/ZA200200134B/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
Keine Recherche * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6596900B2 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2003-07-22 | Pfizer Inc | Fused bicyclic or tricyclic amino acids |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6954874B1 (en) | 2005-10-11 |
DE19930446C1 (de) | 2001-01-04 |
ZA200200134B (en) | 2003-08-04 |
EP1230601A2 (de) | 2002-08-14 |
DE19964498A1 (de) | 2007-01-11 |
WO2001002978A8 (de) | 2002-06-20 |
BR0012523A (pt) | 2003-07-01 |
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