WO2000073824A1 - Diviseur de faisceau lumineux polarise et iiluminateur a lumiere polarisee le contenant - Google Patents
Diviseur de faisceau lumineux polarise et iiluminateur a lumiere polarisee le contenant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000073824A1 WO2000073824A1 PCT/JP2000/003454 JP0003454W WO0073824A1 WO 2000073824 A1 WO2000073824 A1 WO 2000073824A1 JP 0003454 W JP0003454 W JP 0003454W WO 0073824 A1 WO0073824 A1 WO 0073824A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- beam splitter
- polarized light
- light
- liquid
- polarizing beam
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/04—Prisms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/06—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of fluids in transparent cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
- G02B27/285—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining comprising arrays of elements, e.g. microprisms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3075—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state for use in the UV
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polarizing element for obtaining ultraviolet light having a short wavelength and a polarized light irradiating apparatus using the polarizing element.
- Liquid crystal display elements are usually composed of two substrates.
- a driving element for example, a thin-film transistor
- a liquid crystal driving electrode formed of a transparent conductive film
- an alignment film for aligning liquid crystal in a specific direction, and the like are formed.
- a light-shielding film called a black matrix
- a color filter in the case of a color liquid crystal display element
- the alignment film is formed by applying a process called rubbing to the surface of a thin film of polyimide resin or the like to form fine grooves in a specific direction.
- the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a specific direction along the fine grooves. That is, the liquid crystal is aligned.
- non-rubbing a technique of aligning the liquid crystal without rubbing has been proposed (a technique of aligning the liquid crystal without rubbing is referred to as “non-rubbing”).
- the following methods are among the non-rubbing techniques.
- the photo-alignment film material that is aligned by light has a short wavelength of 200 nm to UV light often causes photochemical reactions and structural changes.
- light from a light source is irradiated to an alignment film material via a polarizing element.
- polarizing elements There are various types of polarizing elements, but the most common one is a resin film having a polarizing function attached to a glass plate.
- resin film has low heat resistance, and its performance deteriorates due to temperature rise when exposed to strong light.
- the resin film undergoes a chemical change due to ultraviolet light of 200 nm to 340 nm, thereby deteriorating the polarization characteristics. Therefore, it is not practical as a polarizing element for use in a light irradiation device for photoalignment.
- a polarizing beam splitter is a polarizing element that is resistant to heat and strong light.
- the polarizing beam splitter 10 is formed by depositing an inorganic dielectric multilayer film 2 as a polarization separation film on the slope of the right-angle prism 1.
- Adhesive S which is obtained by bonding the slopes over the entire surface with adhesive S, is used.
- C Adhesive S whose refractive index is almost the same as that of the material of prism 1 is selected. It is provided so as to be integrally integrated. For example, if the material of prism 1 is quartz, the refractive index of quartz is about 1.5, so an adhesive with a refractive index close to that, generally about 1.5 ⁇ 0.2 is selected (see Fig. 7 (a) The thickness of the adhesive S is exaggerated).
- the unpolarized light incident on the polarizing beam splitter 10 is separated into P-polarized light and S-polarized light by the inorganic dielectric multilayer film 2 as shown in FIG. 7 (b).
- the P-polarized light goes straight and passes through the polarizing beam splitter 10, and the S-polarized light is reflected.
- prism 1 is made of quartz glass, it is resistant to ripening and strong light.
- the inorganic dielectric multilayer film 2, which is a polarization splitting film, is also made of an inorganic substance, it is resistant to heat and strong light.
- the inorganic dielectric multilayer film 2 can be made to have a good polarization separation characteristic at a predetermined wavelength (an extinction ratio, for example, a small ratio of S-polarized light to transmitted P-polarized light).
- the polarizing beam splitter is made by bonding prisms together. Adhesive is used for bonding.
- most of the photo-alignment films are aligned by ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200 nm to 340 nm, and the polarizing beam splitter 10 is used as a light source for the alignment film of a liquid crystal display element. When applied to alignment, ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200 nm to 330 nm is also incident on the polarizing beam splitter.
- the adhesive S for bonding the prism 1 of the polarizing beam splitter is irradiated with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200 nm to 330 nm, it usually absorbs ultraviolet light and deteriorates with time. The transmittance of ultraviolet light is reduced.
- the refractive index of air is 1.0, which is smaller than the refractive index of quartz glass (about 1.5) when quartz glass is used as the material of the prism. Therefore, incident light is reflected at the interface between the glass and the air layer, and a desired amount of light does not pass through the polarizing beam splitter.
- the adhesive is selected not only to fix the two prisms but also to have a refractive index close to that of quartz glass, and to prevent the formation of an air layer between the two prisms. It works to prevent light reflection at the interface.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a first object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing beam splitter whose transmittance is not deteriorated with time even by light having a wavelength of 200 nm to 330 nm. To provide data.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide the polarizing beam splitter as a polarizing element. It is to provide a polarized light irradiation device used in the above. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention solves the above problem as follows.
- a polarizing beam splitter formed of two or more prisms an inorganic dielectric multilayer film is formed on a joint surface of the prisms, and the prisms are joined via a liquid.
- an inlet and an outlet for the liquid are provided, and the liquid is caused to flow in the polarizing beam splitter and cooled.
- a polarized light irradiator that irradiates polarized light to the substrate on which the alignment film is formed to perform optical alignment
- an inorganic dielectric multilayer film is formed on the bonding surface, and two or more prisms are bonded via a liquid
- a polarizing element composed of a polarized light beam splitter is provided in the optical path of the exposure light, and the polarized light is applied to the substrate on which the alignment film is formed through the above-mentioned polarized light beam splitter, so that the optical alignment of the liquid crystal is performed.
- a substance (a) for forming an inorganic dielectric multilayer film on the joining surface of the prism and preventing reflection on the joining surface of the prism As a material that does not form an air layer), a liquid that transmits light with a wavelength of 200 nm to 340 nm and whose transmittance does not deteriorate over time due to light with the above-mentioned wavelength was used. It is possible to obtain a polarization beam splitter suitable for applying to the alignment treatment of the alignment film.
- the liquid preferably has a refractive index substantially equal to the refractive index of the prism material (preferably within a range of ⁇ 0.2 with respect to the refractive index of the prism material).
- Liquid compounds containing fluorine and the like can be used.
- an inlet and an outlet for the liquid are provided, and the liquid is caused to flow in the polarizing beam splitter and cooled, so that the polarizing beam splitter is provided. Can be prevented from overheating. In addition, it can prevent the generation of mold if it is dirty or pure water, and the deterioration of characteristics if it is oil.
- the bonding surface includes an inorganic dielectric multilayer film.
- a polarizing element composed of a polarizing beam splitter in which two or more prisms are joined via a liquid, so that the polarizing element can be configured to be thin and flat. It is possible to prevent the element from increasing in size and to prevent the polarizing element from deteriorating with time.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a polarizing beam splitter according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a polarizing beam splitter according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a polarization beam splitter according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment in which the polarization beam splitter of the present invention is applied to a polarized light irradiation device.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a modification of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional polarization beam splitter. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a polarizing beam splitter according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 (b) is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 (a) viewed from the A direction.
- the polarizing beam splitter 10 of this embodiment has a right-angle prism 1 arranged in a closed container formed by a frame 3 and a light transmission window 4, and the right-angle prism 1 is connected to the frame.
- the structure is fixed by 3.
- an inorganic dielectric multilayer film 2 is vapor-deposited on the bonding surface of one of the right-angle prisms 1 and the right-angle prisms 1
- L is filled. Seal the gap between frame 3 and window 4 with a 0 ring 6, and fix a window holder 5 for holding window 4 to frame 3. Further, as a material of the window 4 formed on the light incident surface and the light emitting surface, a quartz plate or the like that transmits ultraviolet light is used.
- the container is filled with a liquid L having a refractive index substantially equal to the refractive index of the prism material, transmitting light having a wavelength of 200 nm to 330 nm, and having a transmittance that does not deteriorate with time.
- the refractive index of the liquid L only needs to be close to the refractive index of the glass material of the right-angle prism 1.
- the right-angle prism 1 It has been confirmed that a practical use is possible if the refractive index of the glass material is within the range of soil 0.2. If the refractive index of the liquid L is significantly different from the refractive index of the glass material of the right-angle prism 1, the reflection at the interface of the adhesive becomes large, and the ratio of the P-polarized light contained in the light emitted from the polarizing element becomes large. Become smaller.
- the angle of refraction in the polarizing element changes, and the angle of light entering the polarizing element and the angle of light exiting the polarizing element change. For this reason, inconveniences such as a slight deviation of the irradiation area from a desired position occur.
- examples that are not suitable for the liquid L include tap water and mineral oil. Tap water is not suitable because the contained ions absorb ultraviolet light, and some mineral oils are not desirable in terms of refractive index, and the transmission characteristics are degraded by ultraviolet light.
- an inlet 7a and an outlet 7b for the liquid L are provided in the frame 3 as shown in FIG. May flow through the liquid L. This has the following advantages.
- the incident light heats the polarizing beam splitter, but cools it. Can be rejected. As a result, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the device components and the entire device from increasing.
- prism rods are arranged as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-192008, and the prism rods are joined via a liquid L as shown in the first embodiment. I do.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are views showing the cross-sectional structures of the polarizing beam splitters according to the second and third embodiments of the present invention in which the prism rods are arranged as described above.
- FIG. 3 shows an example in which a plurality of pairs of prism rods 8 are arranged in the above-described container.
- an inorganic dielectric multilayer is provided on one joint surface of the pair of prism rods 8.
- Film 2 is deposited, and prism rods 8 have liquid L Are arranged to be filled. Seal the space between frame 3 and window 4 with a ring 6, and secure a window holder 5 to frame 3 to hold window 4.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of the arrangement of the prism rod. As in FIG. 3, an inorganic dielectric multilayer film 2 is deposited on one of the joining surfaces of the prism rod 8, and the prism rod 8 is formed. They are arranged so that the gap is filled with the liquid L.
- the liquid in the above-mentioned container is substantially the same as the refractive index of the prism material, transmits light having a wavelength of 200 nm to 330 nm, and does not deteriorate with time.
- Fill L is substantially the same as the refractive index of the prism material, transmits light having a wavelength of 200 nm to 330 nm, and does not deteriorate with time.
- unpolarized light incident from the light incident surface is separated into P-polarized light and S-polarized light by the inorganic dielectric multilayer film 2 as shown in FIG.
- the polarized light goes straight and passes through the polarizing beam splitter 10, and the S-polarized light is reflected to the light source side as shown in FIG.
- the inlet 3a and the outlet 7b of the liquid L are provided in the frame 3 as shown in FIG.
- the liquid L may flow through the container storing the right-angle prism 1.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention in which the polarizing beam splitter (hereinafter, referred to as a polarizing element) shown in the second embodiment is applied to a polarized light irradiation device.
- reference numeral 11 denotes a discharge lamp (hereinafter, referred to as a lamp) such as an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp that emits light including ultraviolet light, and the light including ultraviolet light emitted from the lamp 11 is an elliptical condensing mirror.
- the light is condensed at 12, is reflected at the first plane mirror 13, and enters the integrator 15 via the shutter 14 when the shutter 14 is open.
- Light emitted from the integrator 15 is reflected by the second plane mirror 16, converted into parallel light by the collimator lens 17, and is incident on the polarizing element 20 shown in the second embodiment.
- the polarizing element 20 separates unpolarized light into P-polarized light and S-polarized light and transmits the P-polarized light.
- a work W on which an alignment film is formed is placed on the work stage WS, and a mask M and an alignment microscope 18 are arranged on the work W.
- the shutter 14 When a predetermined area on the workpiece W is irradiated with polarized light to perform photoalignment, the shutter 14 is closed, and the alignment microscope 18 is used to previously write on the mask M with the shutter 14 closed. Observe the mask alignment mark (not shown) and the work alignment mark (not shown) written on the work W, and align the mask M and the work W in advance.
- the shutter 14 After the alignment, when the shutter 14 is opened, the P-polarized light emitted from the polarizing element 20 is irradiated on a predetermined region on the work W via the mask M, and the work W is formed according to the mask pattern. Is subjected to a photo-alignment treatment.
- the mask M and the alignment microscope 18 are unnecessary, and the polarized light emitted from the polarizing element 20 is directly aligned to the work W. Irradiation to the film may be performed for photo-alignment treatment.
- the polarizing element 20 is disposed between the collimator lens 17 and the work W.
- the position of the polarizing element 20 is not limited to the position shown in FIG. E may be placed at either a or b as shown in the figure. Providing them at positions a and b in the vicinity of the integrator 15 has the advantage that the polarizing element can be made smaller because the light is focused and the luminous flux is smaller.
- the polarizing element 20 when the polarizing element 20 is disposed in the vicinity of the integration element 15, a lens is provided on the incident side of the polarizing element 20 so that the parallel light is incident on the polarizing element 20 so that the light is emitted.
- the proportion of P-polarized light contained in the light can be increased. As described above, the following effects can be obtained in the present invention.
- a polarizing beam splitter formed of two or more prisms an inorganic dielectric multilayer film is formed on a joint surface, and a liquid having substantially the same refractive index as the material of the prism, such as pure water or Since the prisms are bonded via a fluorine-containing liquid compound or the like, it is possible to realize a polarizing element that transmits light having a wavelength of from 200 nm to 340 nm and whose transmittance does not deteriorate with time.
- the polarizing element can be configured to be thin in a planar shape, and the polarizing element becomes large. Can be prevented.
- the polarized light irradiation device of the present invention can be used for forming an alignment film for aligning a liquid crystal in a specific direction.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00929906A EP1102093A4 (en) | 1999-05-31 | 2000-05-29 | RADIO LADDER FOR POLARIZED LIGHT AND LIGHTING UNIT FOR POLARIZED LIGHT THAT CONTAINS IT |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15151899A JP3817970B2 (ja) | 1999-05-31 | 1999-05-31 | 偏光ビームスプリッタおよびそれを用いた液晶表示素子の配向膜光配向用偏光光照射装置 |
JP11/151518 | 1999-05-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000073824A1 true WO2000073824A1 (fr) | 2000-12-07 |
Family
ID=15520274
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2000/003454 WO2000073824A1 (fr) | 1999-05-31 | 2000-05-29 | Diviseur de faisceau lumineux polarise et iiluminateur a lumiere polarisee le contenant |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1102093A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3817970B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100500604B1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI236551B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000073824A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1217424A1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-26 | Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha | Polarized light illuminator for optical alignment |
WO2002082170A1 (en) * | 2001-04-05 | 2002-10-17 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Polarization conversion system for projection displays resistant to damage from heat and light |
US6724530B2 (en) * | 2000-12-12 | 2004-04-20 | Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha | Polarized light illuminator with a polarized light beam splitter |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3779880B2 (ja) * | 2001-02-06 | 2006-05-31 | アルプス電気株式会社 | 光学部材および前記光学部材を用いた光ピックアップ |
US6533422B2 (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-03-18 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Projector having optical components immersed in liquid |
JP4662411B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-14 | 2011-03-30 | 日立ビアメカニクス株式会社 | レーザ加工装置 |
JP2007193057A (ja) * | 2006-01-18 | 2007-08-02 | Olympus Corp | 光学部品とその製造方法 |
CN101236305B (zh) * | 2007-02-02 | 2011-06-01 | 上海飞锐光电科技有限公司 | 偏振转换装置 |
US20080291541A1 (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-11-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light redirecting solar control film |
TWI406011B (zh) * | 2010-06-18 | 2013-08-21 | Univ Nat Taipei Technology | 可增強光線中某一偏極態之光學系統與具有此系統之光源系統 |
WO2013069119A1 (ja) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-16 | 株式会社目白ゲノッセン | 偏光照明装置 |
JP6382803B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-27 | 2018-08-29 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 光学部品アレイ |
JP2015528589A (ja) | 2012-08-29 | 2015-09-28 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 偏光紫外線分離素子 |
KR102064210B1 (ko) | 2013-07-04 | 2020-01-10 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 편광 소자, 이를 포함하는 편광광 조사 장치 및 이의 제조 방법 |
JP6391921B2 (ja) | 2013-07-30 | 2018-09-19 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 波長板及び分割プリズム部材 |
CN112998647B (zh) * | 2019-12-20 | 2024-05-28 | 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 | 电润湿控制光学扫描探头 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08334616A (ja) * | 1995-06-09 | 1996-12-17 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 偏光プリズム |
JPH10142408A (ja) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-05-29 | Canon Inc | 光学素子の製造方法及び該方法による光学素子 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3704934A (en) * | 1971-08-16 | 1972-12-05 | Union Carbide Corp | Laser polarizing beam splitter |
US4151554A (en) * | 1977-12-07 | 1979-04-24 | Tucker Arthur R | Liquid coupled color-television image projector |
DE3720375A1 (de) * | 1987-06-19 | 1988-12-29 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Projektionsvorrichtung |
US5838397A (en) * | 1995-10-12 | 1998-11-17 | Hughes-Jvc Technology Corporation | Optical fluid for projector prism |
-
1999
- 1999-05-31 JP JP15151899A patent/JP3817970B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-05-29 KR KR10-2001-7000427A patent/KR100500604B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-05-29 EP EP00929906A patent/EP1102093A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-05-29 WO PCT/JP2000/003454 patent/WO2000073824A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 2000-05-31 TW TW089110611A patent/TWI236551B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08334616A (ja) * | 1995-06-09 | 1996-12-17 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 偏光プリズム |
JPH10142408A (ja) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-05-29 | Canon Inc | 光学素子の製造方法及び該方法による光学素子 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1102093A4 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6724530B2 (en) * | 2000-12-12 | 2004-04-20 | Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha | Polarized light illuminator with a polarized light beam splitter |
EP1217424A1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-26 | Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha | Polarized light illuminator for optical alignment |
WO2002082170A1 (en) * | 2001-04-05 | 2002-10-17 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Polarization conversion system for projection displays resistant to damage from heat and light |
US6535334B2 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2003-03-18 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Polarization conversion system for projection displays resistant to damage from heat and light |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TWI236551B (en) | 2005-07-21 |
JP3817970B2 (ja) | 2006-09-06 |
EP1102093A1 (en) | 2001-05-23 |
EP1102093A4 (en) | 2003-04-16 |
KR100500604B1 (ko) | 2005-07-11 |
JP2000338328A (ja) | 2000-12-08 |
KR20010053484A (ko) | 2001-06-25 |
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