WO2000060688A1 - Batterie nickel-hydrogene haute temperature et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Batterie nickel-hydrogene haute temperature et son procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000060688A1
WO2000060688A1 PCT/CN2000/000074 CN0000074W WO0060688A1 WO 2000060688 A1 WO2000060688 A1 WO 2000060688A1 CN 0000074 W CN0000074 W CN 0000074W WO 0060688 A1 WO0060688 A1 WO 0060688A1
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Prior art keywords
nickel
powder
group
positive electrode
substrate
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PCT/CN2000/000074
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Haigang Lv
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Byd Battery Co., Ltd.
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Application filed by Byd Battery Co., Ltd. filed Critical Byd Battery Co., Ltd.
Priority to AU36538/00A priority Critical patent/AU3653800A/en
Priority to EP00915097A priority patent/EP1195832B1/en
Priority to JP2000610083A priority patent/JP2002541636A/ja
Priority to DE60044780T priority patent/DE60044780D1/de
Publication of WO2000060688A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000060688A1/zh
Priority to US09/726,645 priority patent/US6689514B2/en
Priority to HK02104288.1A priority patent/HK1042381A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/34Gastight accumulators
    • H01M10/345Gastight metal hydride accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/24Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
    • H01M4/32Nickel oxide or hydroxide electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49108Electric battery cell making
    • Y10T29/4911Electric battery cell making including sealing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49108Electric battery cell making
    • Y10T29/49115Electric battery cell making including coating or impregnating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-temperature nickel-hydrogen battery and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • Conventional nickel-hydrogen batteries are generally composed of a nickel-nickel hydroxide positive electrode, a hydrogen storage alloy negative electrode, and a separator to form an electrode pair, and KOH is used as an electrolyte.
  • the nickel positive electrode is produced by mixing and stirring an active material Ni (0H) 2 , a conductive agent, a binder, and water into a slurry, and filling the slurry in an alkali-resistant substrate.
  • reaction (1) is a charging reaction of the positive electrode Ni (0H) 2
  • reaction (2) is a reaction for generating oxygen. As the temperature increases, the potential of reaction (2) decreases, causing the potential difference between reaction (2) and reaction (1) to decrease.
  • Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-31448 discloses a high-temperature battery and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • CeO 2 , Ce (0H) 3 , Ce (0H) 4 'H 2 0, Nd 2 0 3 , Nd are added to the nickel cathode material.
  • (0H) 3 and other additives improve the charging efficiency of the positive electrode.
  • the battery charging efficiency reaches 80-90%, but Better high temperature performance has not been achieved.
  • the present invention is based on this.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a nickel-hydrogen battery for use under high temperature conditions. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a nickel-hydrogen battery for use under high-temperature conditions.
  • BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a high-temperature nickel-metal hydride battery including a positive electrode plate composed of a substrate and a positive electrode substance attached to the substrate, a negative electrode plate composed of a substrate and a negative electrode substance attached to the substrate, a separator, and a steel case.
  • the positive electrode substrate is selected from the group consisting of foamed nickel, fiber nickel, or porous steel strip substrate
  • the positive electrode material includes a spherical nickel hydroxide active material, a conductive agent, a binder, and an additive
  • the The conductive agent is selected from the group consisting of nickel powder, carbon powder, acetylene black, graphite powder, cadmium powder, zinc powder, cobalt-zinc alloy powder, cobalt powder, Co0, Co 2 0 3 , 0 (0!
  • the additive selected from a group capable of being at a temperature higher than 40 ° C A titanium additive that inhibits the decrease of the oxygen generation reaction potential during the charging of the nickel electrode.
  • the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the high-temperature nickel-metal hydride battery as described above, including the following steps: (1) Manufacture of positive electrode plate: Mix nickel hydroxide, conductive agent, titanium element additive, binder and water, stir evenly, mechanically fill the positive electrode substrate with soldered lugs, dry, and roll to Required thickness to get positive plate;
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a high-temperature nickel-hydrogen battery according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a process flow chart of manufacturing a high-temperature nickel-hydrogen battery according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of titanium additive added and the battery charging efficiency.
  • the present invention provides a high-temperature nickel-metal hydride battery.
  • the battery includes a positive electrode plate 1 composed of a positive electrode substrate and a positive electrode substance attached to the substrate.
  • a negative electrode plate composed of a negative electrode substrate and a negative electrode substance attached to the substrate 3.
  • the positive electrode substrate is selected from the group consisting of foamed nickel, fiber nickel or porous steel strip substrate
  • the positive electrode material includes a spherical nickel hydroxide active material, which is conductive Agents, binders and additives
  • the conductive agent is selected from the group consisting of nickel powder, carbon powder, acetylene black, graphite powder, cadmium powder, zinc powder, cobalt-zinc alloy powder, cobalt powder, Co0, Co 2 0 3 , (0 (0 « 2 and (: 0 (010 3 )
  • the adhesive is selected from at least one of the group consisting of PTFE, CMC, MC, and PVA
  • the additive is selected from the titanium element additives which can inhibit the decrease of the oxygen generation reaction potential during the charging of the nickel electrode at a temperature higher than 40 ° C.
  • the titanium element additive is selected from the group consisting of metallic titanium, Ti (0H) 2 , Ti (0H) 3 , Ti0, Ti 2 0 3 , Ti0 2 , Ti 3 0 5 , and titanic acid. At least one of the group consisting of salt and titanium salt,.
  • the added amount of the titanium element additive is 0.1 to 15.0% by weight based on the weight of the spherical nickel hydroxide active material in the positive electrode material.
  • the high-temperature nickel-hydrogen battery according to the present invention wherein the added amount of the titanium element additive is preferably 1.0-5.0% by weight based on the weight of the spherical nickel hydroxide active material in the positive electrode material.
  • the negative electrode substrate is selected from foamed nickel, or a nickel fiber porous substrate strip
  • said anode material comprises 85 human AB 2 system hydrogen absorbing alloy or the active material, a conductive agent And a binder
  • the conductive agent is selected from the group consisting of nickel powder, carbon powder, acetylene black, graphite powder, cadmium powder, zinc powder, cobalt zinc alloy powder, cobalt powder, Co0, Co 2 0 3 , Co (OH) 2 and Co (0H)
  • the binder is selected from at least one of the group consisting of PTFE, CMC, MC, and PVA.
  • the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a high-temperature nickel-metal hydride battery. The process flow chart is shown in FIG. 2, and the method includes the following steps:
  • the titanium element additive is selected from the group consisting of metal titanium, Ti (0H) 2 , Ti (0H) 3 , Ti0, Ti 2 0 3 , Ti0 2 , Ti 3 0 5 , titanate and titanium salt. At least one of a group,
  • the added amount of the titanium element additive is 0.1 to 15.0% by weight based on the weight of the spherical nickel hydroxide active material in the positive electrode material.
  • the added amount of the titanium element additive is preferably 1.0-5.0% by weight based on the weight of the spherical nickel hydroxide active material in the positive electrode material.
  • the negative electrode substrate is selected from foamed nickel, or a nickel fiber porous substrate strip
  • said anode material comprises 85 or human AB ⁇ , hydrogen storage alloy active material, a conductive agent, a binder
  • the conductive agent is selected from the group consisting of nickel powder, carbon powder, acetylene black, graphite powder, cadmium Powder, zinc powder, cobalt zinc alloy powder, cobalt powder, Co0, Co 2 0 3 , Co (OH) 2 and Co (OH) 3
  • the binder is selected from the group consisting of PTFE, CMC, At least one of the group consisting of MC and PVA.
  • the high-temperature nickel-metal hydride battery according to the present invention wherein the electrolytic solution is the method commonly used in nickel-hydrogen batteries, wherein the battery formation and battery assembly methods are methods commonly used in the art.
  • the separator 2 used therein is a separator commonly used in the art, such as a modified polypropylene separator sheet.
  • the amount of the titanium element additive is greater than 0.1% by weight based on the weight of the spherical nickel hydroxide active material.
  • the oxygen generation reaction of the nickel hydroxide positive electrode 40H-2H 2 0 + 0 2 + 4e- (2) the potential increases significantly, which leads to the reaction Ni (0H) 2 + 0H- Ni00H + H 2 0 + e "(1) is fully carried out, the amount of NiOOH is increased, and the charging efficiency of the above positive electrode is significantly improved.
  • the charging efficiency at 50 ° C or higher reaches 95%, Meet the performance requirements of the battery under high temperature conditions.
  • Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of titanium additive added and the battery charging efficiency. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that adding a titanium element additive, such as titanium dioxide, metal titanium powder or sodium titanate, to the positive electrode material can significantly improve the charging efficiency of the nickel-hydrogen battery of the present invention.
  • the amount of the titanium element additive is greater than 1.0% by weight based on the weight of the spherical nickel hydroxide active material in the positive electrode material, the charging efficiency of the battery reaches more than 95%.
  • the amount of the titanium element additive may be in the range of 0.1 to 15.0% by weight based on the weight of the spherical nickel hydroxide active material in the positive electrode material.
  • the amount of the titanium element additive is preferably 1.0-5.0% by weight based on the weight of the spherical nickel hydroxide active material in the positive electrode material.
  • Example 1 Weigh 90 parts of spherical Ni (0H) 2 powder, 10 parts of CoO powder, 1 part of TiO; powder was mixed, 0.3 part of CMC and 1.0 part of PTFE were added, mixed with 45 parts of water and stirred, and filled to In the foamed nickel substrate, dry and compact, cut into a positive electrode sheet 1;
  • the negative electrode sheet 3 prepared above is matched with the positive electrode sheet 1 with a modified polypropylene separator sheet 2 in the middle. After winding, it is placed in a cylindrical steel case 4 and mixed with KOH, NaOH and LiOH. The electrolytic solution was welded with a combined cap 5 and sealed to make an AA-type Ni-MH battery as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the battery prepared above was formed at room temperature and subjected to sufficient cycling until the capacity became stable. Charge at 0.06C for 24 hours at room temperature, then put 1.0C to 1.0V to get the capacity C Q ; at 55 ° C, use The capacity is obtained by the same charging and discharging method.
  • the formula F (VCJ ⁇ ) was used to calculate the battery charging efficiency, and the results are shown in Figure 3.
  • Example 2-6 The same materials and steps as in Example 1 were used, except that 0.1, 3, 5, 15, and 0 were used respectively. A part of Ti0 2 was used instead of 1 part of Ti0 2 to obtain a nickel-metal hydride battery of the present invention. ⁇ The charging efficiency was calculated by the same method as in Example 1. The results are shown in Fig. 3.
  • Examples 7-11 Applications and Examples The same materials and steps are used, except that 0.1, 1, 3, 5, and 15 parts of metal titanium powder are used instead of 1 part of Ti0 2 to obtain the nickel-hydrogen battery of the present invention.
  • the same method as in Example 1 is used to calculate The charging efficiency is shown in Fig. 3.
  • Examples 12-16 The same materials and steps as in Example 1 were used, except that 0.1, 1, 3, 5, and 15 parts of Na 2 Ti 0 3 were used instead of 1 part.
  • Ti0 2 was used to produce the nickel-metal hydride battery of the present invention.
  • the charging efficiency was calculated by the same method as in Example 1. The results are shown in FIG. 3.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
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Description

高温镍氢电池及其制诰方法 发明所述领域 本发明涉及一种高温镍氢电池及其制造方法。 背景技术 现有的镍氢电池的构成一般是由氢氧化镍镍正极、 储氢合金负极 与隔膜一起形成电极对, 釆用 K0H作为电解液。 上述镍正极是由活性 物质 Ni(0H)2、 导电剂、 粘结剂和水混合搅拌成浆料, 填充在耐碱基板 中制造而成的。
釆用上述正极的镍氢电池, 在充电时正极发生以下两个反应, 即 反应(1)和反应(2)。 反应(1)是正极 Ni(0H)2的充电反应; 反应(2)是氧 气的生成反应。 随着温度的升高, 反应(2)的电位下降, 引起反应(2) 与反应(1)的电位差减小。
Ni (OH) 2+0H— Ni00H+H20+e— ( 1 )
40H" 2H20+02+4e— (2)
上述两个反应竟争的结果引起了上述正极充电效率低下, 在 50°C 时电池充电效率只有 50 - 60%, 严重影响了高温下电池的性能。
曰本专利特开平 8 - 31448公开了一种高温电池及其制造方法, 在镍正极物质中加入 Ce02、 Ce(0H)3、 Ce(0H)4 ' H20、 Nd203、 Nd(0H)3等 添加剂改善正极充电效率, 在 45°C时, 电池充电效率达 80 - 90 %, 但 还未能达到更好的高温性能。 随着镍氢电池在高温条件下使用领域的 不断增加, 对电池高温性能要求更高, 本发明正是基于此而做出。 发明目的 本发明的一个目的是提供一种在高温条件下使用的镍氢电池。 本发明的另一个目的是提供一种在高温条件下使用的镍氢电池的 制造方法。 发明简述 本发明提供了一种高温镍氢电池, 包括由基板和附着在基板上的 正极物质组成的正极板、 由基板和附着在基板上的负极物质组成的负 极板、 隔膜片、 钢壳、 组合盖帽, 其特征在于: 所述正极基板选自发 泡镍、 纤维镍或多孔钢带基板, 所述正极物质包括球形氢氧化镍活性 物质、 导电剂、 粘合剂和添加剂, 其中, 所述的导电剂选自由镍粉、 碳粉、 乙炔黑、 石墨粉、 镉粉、 锌粉、 钴锌合金粉、 钴粉、 Co0、 Co203、 0 (0!0 2和(0 (01 3组成的一组中的至少一种, 所述的粘合剂选 自由 PTFE、 CMC. MC和 PVA组成的一组中的至少一种, 所述的添加剂 选自能在高于 40 °C的温度下对镍电极充电过程氧气生成反应电位下降 有抑制作用的钛元素添加剂。
本发明还提供了一种制造如上所述的高温镍氢电池的方法, 包括 以下步骤: (1 ) 正极板的制造: 将氢氧化镍、 导电剂、 钛元素添加 剂、 粘合剂和水混合, 搅拌均匀后, 机械填充到已焊接有极耳 的正极基板上, 烘干, 碾压至所需厚度得到正极板;
(2) 负极板的制造: 将储氢合金粉、 导电剂、 粘合剂和水 混合, 搅拌均匀后, 机械填充到已焊接有极耳的负极基板上, 烘干, 碾压至所需电极厚度得到负极板;
( 3) 选择一合适的隔膜, 并将其与上述制得的正极板、 负 极板叠放并压紧, 或卷绕成圆柱型后, 装入方型或圆柱型钢壳 中;
(4) 焊接好电极, 注入电解液, 封口;
(5) 电池化成;
(6) 电池组装。 附图简要说明 图 1是本发明的高温镍氢电池剖面图;
图 2是制造本发明的高温镍氢电池的工艺流程图;
图 3是钛元素添加剂加入量与电池充电效率关系曲线图。 发明的详细描述 按照本发明的一个方面, 本发明提供了一种高温镍氢电池, 如图 1所示, 所述的电池包括由正极基板和附着在该基板上的正极物质组成 的正极板 1、 由负极基板和附着在该基板上的负极物质组成的负极板 3、 隔膜片 2、 钢壳 4、 组合盖帽 5, 其特征在于: 所述的正极基板选自 发泡镍、 纤维镍或多孔钢带基板, 所述的正极物质包括球形氢氧化镍 活性物质、 导电剂、 粘合剂和添加剂, 其中, 所述的导电剂选自由镍 粉、 碳粉、 乙炔黑、 石墨粉、 镉粉、 锌粉、 钴锌合金粉、 钴粉、 Co0、 Co203、 (0(0«2和(:0(0103组成的一组中的至少一种, 所述的粘合剂选 自由 PTFE、 CMC, MC和 PVA组成的一组中的至少一种, 所述的添加剂 选自能在高于 40°C的温度下对镍电极充电过程氧气生成反应电位下降 有抑制作用的钛元素添加剂。
按照本发明的高温镍氢电池, 其中所述的钛元素添加剂选自由金 属钛、 Ti(0H)2、 Ti(0H)3、 Ti0、 Ti203、 Ti02、 Ti305、 钛酸盐和钛盐组 成的一组中的至少一种, .
按照本发明的高温镍氢电池, 其中所述的钛元素添加剂的添加量 以正极物质中球形氢氧化镍活性物质的重量计, 为 0.1- 15.0% (重 量) 。
按照本发明的高温镍氢电池, 其中所述的钛元素添加剂的添加量 以正极物质中球形氢氧化镍活性物质的重量计, 优选为 1.0-5.0% (重量) 。
按照本发明的的高温镍氢电池, 其中所述的负极基板选自发泡 镍、 纤维镍或多孔钢带基板, 所述的负极物质包括人85或 AB2系储氢合 金活性物质、 导电剂、 粘合剂, 其中导电剂选自由镍粉、 碳粉、 乙炔 黑、 石墨粉、 镉粉、 锌粉、 钴锌合金粉、 钴粉、 Co0、 Co203、 Co (OH) 2 和 Co(0H)3组成的一组中的至少一种, 粘合剂选自由 PTFE、 CMC, MC、 PVA组成的一组中的至少一种。 按照本发明的另一个方面, 本发明还提供了一种高温镍氢电池的 制造方法, 其工艺流程图如图 2所示, 该方法包括如下步驟:
( 1 ) 正极板的制造: 将氢氧化镍、 导电剂、 钛元素添加剂、 粘合剂和水混合, 搅拌均匀后, 机械填充到已焊接有极 耳的正极基板上, 烘干, 碾压至所需厚度得到正极板;
(2) 负极板的制造: 将储氢合金粉、 导电剂、 粘合剂和水混 合, 搅拌均匀后, 机械填充到已焊接有极耳的负极基板 上, 烘干, 碾压至所需电极厚度得到负极板;
( 3) 选择一合适的隔膜, 并将其与上述制得的正极板、 负极 板叠放并压紧, 或卷绕成圆柱型后, 装入方型或圆柱型 钢壳中;
(4) 焊接好电极, 注入电解液, 封口;
(5) 电池化成;
(6) 电池组装。
按照本发明方法, 其中所述的钛元素添加剂选自由金属钛、 Ti(0H)2、 Ti(0H)3、 Ti0、 Ti203、 Ti02、 Ti305、 钛酸盐和钛盐组成的一 组中的至少一种,
按照本发明方法, 其中所述的钛元素添加剂的添加量以正极物质 中球形氢氧化镍活性物质的重量计, 为 0.1 - 15.0% (重量) 。
按照本发明方法, 其中所述的钛元素添加剂的添加量以正极物质 中球形氢氧化镍活性物质的重量计, 优选为 1.0-5.0% (重量) 。
按照本发明方法, 其中所述的负极基板选自发泡镍、 纤维镍或多 孔钢带基板, 所述的负极物质包括人85或 AB^、储氢合金活性物质、 导 电剂、 粘合剂, 其中导电剂选自由镍粉、 碳粉、 乙炔黑、 石墨粉、 镉 粉、 锌粉、 钴锌合金粉、 钴粉、 Co0、 Co203、 Co (OH) 2和 Co (OH) 3组成的 一组中的至少一种, 粘合剂选自由 PTFE、 CMC , MC、 PVA组成的一组中 的至少一种。
按照本发明的高温镍氢电池, 其中的电解液为镍氢电池中常用的 按照本发明方法, 其中电池化成和电池组装方法为本领域中常用 的方法。
按照本发明, 其中所使用的隔膜 2为本领域中常用的隔膜, 例如 改性聚丙烯隔膜片。
本发明的高温镍氢电池中由于在正极中添加了钛元素添加剂, 特 别是在正极物质中, 钛元素添加剂的用量以球形氢氧化镍活性物质重 量计, 大于 0. 1 % (重量) , 因此, 本发明的高温镍氢电池在高温状 态下, 氢氧化镍正极的氧气的生成反应 40H- 2H20+02+4e- (2)电位 显著升高, 这就导致了反应 Ni (0H) 2+0H- Ni00H+H20+e" (1)的充 分进行, NiOOH的生成量增加, 使上述正极的充电效率明显提高, 在 50 °C或更高温度下的充电效率达到 95 %, 满足电池在高温条件下使用 的性能要求。
图 3所示为钛元素添加剂加入量与电池充电效率关系曲线图。 从 图 3可以看出, 在正极物质中加入钛元素添加剂, 例如二氧化钛, 金 属钛粉或钛酸纳, 可以显著提高本发明的镍氢电池的充电效率。 当钛 元素添加剂的用量以正极物质中球形氢氧化镍活性物质重量计, 大于 1. 0 % (重量) 时, 电池的充电效率达到 95%以上。 按照本发明, 钛元 素添加剂的用量以正极物质中球形氢氧化镍活性物质重量计, 可以在 0. 1 - 15. 0 % (重量) 的范围内。 从图 3还可以看出, 钛元素添加剂的 用量以正极物质中球形氢氧化镍活性物质重量计, 小于 1.0% (重量) 时, 电池的充电效率达不到 95%, 而当用量大于 5% (重量) 时, 其对 电池的充电效率的改善作用并不是随着用量的增加而增加。 因此, 钛 元素添加剂的用量以正极物质中球形氢氧化镍活性物质重量计, 优选 为 1.0-5.0% (重量) 。 实施本发明的最佳方式 下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的高温镍氢电池进行详细说明。 实施例 1 按重量称量 90份的球形 Ni (0H)2粉末, 10份 CoO粉末, 1份 TiO; 粉末混合, 加入 0.3份的 CMC和 1.0份的 PTFE, 与 45份水混合搅拌, 填充到发泡镍基板中, 干燥压紧, 裁制成正极片 1;
按重量称量 95份 AB5系的 MmNi3 7CoQ.7Mn。.3Al。.3 (其中 Mm为混合 稀土)储氢合金粉末, 4份碳粉, 1份 CMC, 与水 50份混合搅拌, 填充 在发泡镍中, 干燥压紧, 裁制成负极片 3;
接着, 把上面制作好的负极片 3与正极片 1配合, 中间用改性聚 丙烯隔膜片 2分隔, 卷绕后置于园柱形钢壳 4中, 注入 KOH, NaOH和 LiOH的混合碱性电解液, 焊接上组合盖帽 5, 封口, 作成如图 1所示 的 AA型镍氢电池。
上面作成的电池在室温下化成, 并进行充分的循环至容量稳定。 在室温 0.06C充 24小时, 用 1.0C放至 1.0V, 得到容量 CQ; 在 55°C用 同样的充放方式得到容量 。 利用式 F=(VCJ†算出电池充电效率, 结 果示于图 3中。 实施例 2-6 釆用与实施例 1相同的材料与步骤, 只是分别以 0. 1、 3、 5、 15、 0份 Ti02代替 1份 Ti02, 制得本发明的镍氢电池。 釆用与实施例 1 相同的方法计算出充电效率, 其结果示于图 3中。 实施例 7-11 釆用与实施例 1相同的材料与步骤, 只是分别以 0. 1、 1、 3、 5、 15份金属钛粉代替 1份 Ti02, 制得本发明的镍氢电池。 采用与实施例 1相同的方法计算出充电效率, 其结果示于图 3中。 实施例 12-16 釆用与实施例 1相同的材料与步骤, 只是分别以 0. 1、 1、 3、 5、 15份 Na2Ti03代替 1份 Ti02, 制得本发明的镍氢电池。 釆用与实施例 1 相同的方法计算出充电效率, 其结果示于图 3中。
结果表明, 在氢氧化镍正极中添加钛元素添加剂对镍氢电池的高 温充电效率有明显的提高。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种高温镍氢电池, 包括由基板和附着在基板上的正极物 质组成的正极板(1) 、 由基板和附着在基板上的负极物质组成的负 极板( 3 ) 、 隔膜片 ( 2 ) 、 钢壳 ( 4 ) 、 组合盖帽 ( 5 ) , 其特征在 于: 所述正极基板选自发泡镍、 纤维镍或多孔钢带基板, 所述正极 物质组成包括球形氢氧化镍活性物质、 导电剂、 粘合剂和添加剂, 其中, 导电剂选自由镍粉、 碳粉、 乙炔黑、 石墨粉、 镉粉、 锌粉、 钴锌合金粉、 钴粉、 Co0、 Co203、 (:0(0102和(0(011)3组成的一组中 的至少一种, 粘合剂选自由 PTFE、 CMC, MC和 PVA组成的一组中的 至少一种, 添加剂选自能在高于 40°C的温度下对镍电极充电过程氧 气生成反应电位下降有抑制作用的钛元素添加剂。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的高温镍氢电池, 其特征在于: 所述 的钛元素添加剂选自由金属钛、 Ti(0H)2、 Ti(0H)3、 Ti0、 Ti203、 Ti02、 Ti305、钛酸盐和钛盐组成的一组中的至少一种。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的高温镍氢电池, 其特征在于: 所述的钛元素添加剂的添加量以正极物质中球形氢氧化镍活性物质 的重量计, 为 0.1-15.0% (重量) 。
4. 根据杈利要求 3所述的高温镍氢电池, 其特征在于: 所述 的钛元素添加剂的添加量以正极物质中球形氢氧化镍活性物质的重 量计, 为 1.0-5.0% (重量) 。
5. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的高温镍氢电池, 其特征在于: 所述负极基板选自发泡镍、 纤维镍或多孔钢带基板, 所述负极物质 组成包括人85或 AB^、储氢合金活性物质、 导电剂、 粘合剂, 其中导 电剂选自由镍粉、 碳粉、 乙炔黑、 石墨粉、 镉粉、 锌粉、 钴锌合金 粉、 钴粉、 Co0、 Co203、 Co (OH) 2和 Co (OH) 3组成的一组中的至少一 种, 粘合剂选自由 PTFE、 CMC, MC、 PVA组成的一组中的至少一种。
6. 制造一种如权利要求 1所述的高温镍氢电池的方法, 其包 括:
(1) 正极板的制造: 将氢氧化镍、 导电剂、 钛元素添加剂、 粘合剂和水混合, 搅拌均匀后, 机械填充到已焊接有极 耳的正极基板上, 烘干, 碾压至所需厚度, 得到正极板
(1) ;
(2) 负极板的制造: 将储氢合金粉、 导电剂、 粘合剂和水混 合, 搅拌均匀后, 机械填充到已焊接有极耳的负极基板 上, 烘干, 碾压至所需厚度得到负极板(3) ;
(3) 选择一合适的隔膜(2) , 并将其与上述制得的正极板
(1) 、 负极板(3) 叠放并压紧, 或卷绕成圆柱型后, 装入方型或圆柱型钢壳 (4) 中;
(4) 焊接好电极, 注入电解液, 封口;
(5) 电池化成;
(6) 电池组装。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的钛元素 添加剂选自由金属钛、 Ti(0H)2、 Ti(0H)3、 Ti0、 Ti203、 Ti02、 Ti305、钛酸盐和钛盐组成的一组中的至少一种。
8. 根据权利要求 6或 7所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的钛 元素添加剂的添加量以正极物质中球形氢氧化镍活性物质的重量 计, 为 0.1 - 15.0% (重量) 。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的钛元素 添加剂的添加量以正极物质中球形氢氧化镍活性物质的重量计, 为 1.0-5.0% (重量) 。
10. 根据权利要求 6或 7所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述负极 基板选自发泡镍、 纤维镍或多孔钢带基板, 所述负极物质组成包括 AB5或 AB2系储氢合金活性物质、 导电剂、 粘合剂, 其中导电剂选自 由镍粉、 碳粉、 乙块黑、 石墨粉、 镉粉、 锌粉、 钴锌合金粉、 钴 粉、 Co0、 Co203、 Co(0H)2和 Co(0H)3组成的一组中的至少一种, 粘 合剂选自由 PTFE、 CMC, MC、 PVA组成的一组中的至少一种。
PCT/CN2000/000074 1999-04-05 2000-04-05 Batterie nickel-hydrogene haute temperature et son procede de fabrication WO2000060688A1 (fr)

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AU36538/00A AU3653800A (en) 1999-04-05 2000-04-05 A high-temperature nickel-hydrogen battery and producing method thereof
EP00915097A EP1195832B1 (en) 1999-04-05 2000-04-05 A high-temperature nickel-hydrogen battery and producing method thereof
JP2000610083A JP2002541636A (ja) 1999-04-05 2000-04-05 高温Ni−MHバッテリ及びその製造方法
DE60044780T DE60044780D1 (de) 1999-04-05 2000-04-05 Hochtemperatur nickel-wasserstoffbatterie und verfahren zu deren herstellung
US09/726,645 US6689514B2 (en) 1999-04-05 2000-11-29 High-temperature Ni-MH battery and a method for making the same
HK02104288.1A HK1042381A1 (zh) 1999-04-05 2002-06-05 高溫鎳氫電池及其製造方法

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