WO2000054886A1 - Centrifugal separation apparatus and method for separating fluid components - Google Patents

Centrifugal separation apparatus and method for separating fluid components Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000054886A1
WO2000054886A1 PCT/US2000/005921 US0005921W WO0054886A1 WO 2000054886 A1 WO2000054886 A1 WO 2000054886A1 US 0005921 W US0005921 W US 0005921W WO 0054886 A1 WO0054886 A1 WO 0054886A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
separation vessel
fluid
fluid chamber
outlet
outlet port
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2000/005921
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dennis Hlavinka
Thomas J. Felt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Terumo BCT Inc
Original Assignee
Gambro Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gambro Inc filed Critical Gambro Inc
Priority to EP00923072A priority Critical patent/EP1082176B1/en
Priority to DE60036906T priority patent/DE60036906T2/de
Priority to JP2000604951A priority patent/JP4771595B2/ja
Publication of WO2000054886A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000054886A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3693—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3693—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging
    • A61M1/3696—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/04—Liquids
    • A61M2202/0413—Blood
    • A61M2202/0427—Platelets; Thrombocytes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
    • B04B2005/045—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation having annular separation channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
    • B04B2005/0471—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation with additional elutriation separation of different particles

Definitions

  • Whole blood consists of various liquid components and particle components.
  • the particle components are referred to as "formed elements".
  • the liquid portion of blood is largely made up of plasma, and the particle components include red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (including leukocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes). While these constituents have similar densities, their average density relationship, in order of decreasing density, is as follows: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
  • the particle constituents are related according to size, in order of decreasing size, as follows: white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.
  • Most current purification devices rely on density and size differences or surface chemistry characteristics to separate and/or filter the blood components.
  • porous filters are effective in removing a substantial number of white blood cells, they have drawbacks. For example, after centrifuging and before porous filtering, a period of time must pass to give activated platelets time to transform to a deactivated state. Otherwise, the activated platelets are likely to clog the filter. Therefore, the use of at least some porous filters is not feasible in on-line processes.
  • centrifugal elutriation has a number of limitations.
  • the high density component includes red blood cells
  • the intermediate density component includes platelets
  • the low density component includes plasma
  • Fig. 1 is a partial perspective view of a centrifuge apparatus including a fluid chamber in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • the motor 14 is coupled to the rotor 12 directly or indirectly through a shaft 24 connected to the rotor 12. Alternately, the shaft 24 may be coupled to the motor 14 through a gearing transmission (not shown).
  • Fig. 2 shows the inlet portion 48 as having a wide radial cross- section
  • the outer wall of the inlet portion 48 can be spaced closer to the inner wall of the inlet portion 48 and/or be tapered.
  • An inlet port 54 of inflow tube 36 allows for flow of a substance to be separated, such as whole blood, into the inlet portion 48 of separation vessel 28.
  • substances entering the inlet portion 48 follow the flow path 46 and stratify according to differences in density in response to rotation of the rotor 12.
  • the flow path 46 between the inlet and outlet portions 48 and 50 is curved and has a substantially constant radius.
  • the flow path 46 is placed at the maximum distance from the axis A-A. This shape ensures that components passing through the flow path 46 encounter a relatively constant gravitational field and a maximum possible gravitational field for the rotor 12.
  • a groove 72 is formed on an inner surface of the fluid chamber 30 at a position of the maximum cross-sectional area.
  • the groove 72 is defined by top and bottom wall surfaces oriented substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fluid chamber 30 and an inner surface of the fluid chamber 30 facing the longitudinal axis.
  • the groove 72 is annular, however, the groove 72 may also partially surround the longitudinal axis of the fluid chamber 30.
  • a bed of red blood cells is preferably maintained along the radial outer wall 65 of the separation vessel 28 between the inlet and outlet portions 48 and 50.
  • the dome or portion of fluid trapped by the trap dam 70 is preferably maintained along the radial inner wall 63 of the separation vessel 28.
  • the bed of red blood cells and trapped fluid substantially limit, or more preferably prevent, platelets from contacting radially outer and inner walls 65 and 63, respectively, because the platelets are sandwiched between the red blood cell bed and trapped fluid. This is believed to reduce platelet clumping caused when platelets come in contract with structural components of centrifugal separation devices, which are formed of conventional polymer materials.
  • the fluid exiting the fluid chamber 30 consists mainly of plasma and platelets.
  • the present invention allows a substantial fraction of white blood cells to be recovered and returned to the donor.
  • a substantial number of platelets may become slightly activated.
  • the saturated fluidized platelet bed allows white blood cells to be filtered from plasma and platelets despite this slight activation.
  • the present invention does not require a waiting period to filter white blood cells after blood components undergo initial separation in a separation vessel 28. This is in contrast to methods using some conventional filters.
  • the platelets and plasma exiting the fluid chamber 30 are collected in appropriate containers and stored for later use.
  • the red blood cells and plasma removed from the vessel 28 may be combined for donor reinfusion or storage. Alternatively, these components may be further separated by the apparatus 10.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
PCT/US2000/005921 1999-03-16 2000-03-07 Centrifugal separation apparatus and method for separating fluid components Ceased WO2000054886A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00923072A EP1082176B1 (en) 1999-03-16 2000-03-07 Centrifugal separation apparatus and method for separating fluid components
DE60036906T DE60036906T2 (de) 1999-03-16 2000-03-07 Zentrifugale trennvorrichtung und verfahren zur trennung von flüssigkeitsbestandteilen
JP2000604951A JP4771595B2 (ja) 1999-03-16 2000-03-07 遠心分離装置及び流体成分を分離するための方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/270,105 US6334842B1 (en) 1999-03-16 1999-03-16 Centrifugal separation apparatus and method for separating fluid components
US09/270,105 1999-03-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000054886A1 true WO2000054886A1 (en) 2000-09-21

Family

ID=23029929

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2000/005921 Ceased WO2000054886A1 (en) 1999-03-16 2000-03-07 Centrifugal separation apparatus and method for separating fluid components

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (4) US6334842B1 (enExample)
EP (4) EP1847323B1 (enExample)
JP (3) JP4771595B2 (enExample)
AT (4) ATE472373T1 (enExample)
DE (4) DE60044623D1 (enExample)
ES (4) ES2348153T3 (enExample)
WO (1) WO2000054886A1 (enExample)

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US7052606B2 (en) 2001-12-10 2006-05-30 Gambro, Inc. Methods and apparatus for leukoreduction of red blood cells
US7279107B2 (en) 2002-04-16 2007-10-09 Gambro, Inc. Blood component processing system, apparatus, and method
CN103484357A (zh) * 2012-06-08 2014-01-01 帕尔公司 细胞收获装置和系统
EP2266705A3 (en) * 2001-04-09 2014-04-23 Arteriocyte Medical Systems, Inc. Microcentrifuge and drive therefor

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