WO2000036220A1

WO2000036220A1 - Device for placing dowels, and spacers for dowels provided for concrete road surfaces

Info

Publication number: WO2000036220A1
Application number: PCT/EP1999/009665
Authority: WO
Inventors: Josef Zantis; Jürgen Unterberg; Thomas Raffel; Gerrit Zech
Original assignee: Teerbau Gmbh
Priority date: 1998-12-11
Filing date: 1999-12-09
Publication date: 2000-06-22
Also published as: DE19982708B4; WO2000036221A1; AU1973800A; DE29921629U1; PL348149A1; DE19982708D2; AU1973700A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a concrete road surface, whereby dowels are placed in the concrete material in the area of transverse joints and/or longitudinal joints, said joints being particularly configured as dummy joints. The aim of the invention is to attain a simple and economical placement of the dowels. To this end, the dowels are prefabricated with spacers in an automated manner, and the device for placing the dowels is fitted also in an automated manner. The invention also relates to a device for placing the dowels which is used to carry out said method. A spacer can be deformed in a ductile manner for an appropriate configuration in order to attain a desired specified height of the dowels.

Description

DOWEL SETTING DEVICE AND SPACER FOR DOWELS FOR CONCRETE DRIVEWAY CEILINGS

The invention relates to a method for producing a concrete pavement according to the preamble of claim 1, a dowel setting device according to the preamble of claim 10 and spacers according to the preamble of claim 27 or 28.

A method for producing a concrete pavement and a corresponding device in the form of a slipform paver are known, for example, from DE-C-30 32 495. A concrete pavement is regularly or single-layered (when using concrete of the same composition) or multi-layered (when using concrete of different composition) on a prepared underlay, often referred to as a subgrade.

The width of the concrete pavement extends over at least one lane, often over two or more lanes. At certain intervals, transverse glue joints extending transversely to the direction of travel and, in the case of a greater width of the road surface, longitudinal glue joints extending in the direction of travel are introduced into the roadway ceiling, in particular by subsequently cutting in on the top. In extreme cases, these serve as predetermined breaking points.

In general, anchors are provided on the transverse joints for load transmission and for securing against changes in altitude, and anchors are provided on the longitudinal joints for load transmission, for securing against changes in altitude and for preventing them from moving apart. The dowels consist of plastic-coated round steel or other reinforcement material, while the anchors are only partially plastic-coated, since they are to connect with the material of the concrete pavement. Even if reference is only made to anchors below, this also applies in principle to anchors.

The dowels are usually inserted into the not yet hardened concrete material at a certain height using a dowel setting device ( puts). This is done essentially by vertically directed forces and possibly with the application of vibrating energy, which are transferred to the dowels by so-called dowel pliers.

Dowelling lanes result from the dowel setting. Accordingly, post-smoothing is required in any case in the case of a single-layer construction, which is carried out regularly by a post-smoothing device.

The dowels in the concrete material of the pavement should be as exact as possible at the correct height - target position - in particular approximately in the middle of the total height of the pavement or at a certain distance from the level or the road surface to ensure defined properties. After completion of the concrete pavement, however, it is not ensured that the dowels used have really maintained the desired position. In particular, the introduction of vibratory energy and fluctuations in the consistency of the concrete can cause the dowels to shift.

EP-A-0 104 441, which forms the starting point of the invention, discloses a method and an apparatus for placing steel inlays in a concrete carriageway ceiling, wherein a setting device is provided which is loaded with steel inlays by hand and these are shaken in brings in the concrete material. The steel inserts are provided with stand feet which act as spacers, the stand feet being manually plugged onto the steel inserts before they are introduced into the concrete material. In this way it is achieved that the steel inserts, which act in particular as dowels, maintain the height predetermined by the feet, particularly when a further concrete layer is being applied.

In the aforementioned prior art, it is disadvantageous that a high level of personal expenditure is required. Another disadvantage is that the positioning of the steel inlays or dowels depends on the height of the support surface for the feet.

The invention is based on the object of a method for producing a concrete pavement, a device for setting dowels or Specify anchors and spacers so that the production of concrete pavement ceilings, in particular the positioning of dowels and / or anchors in concrete material, can be carried out more simply or more cost-effectively and / or damage in the area of the joints or dowels or anchors of the finished pavement can be avoided.

The above object is achieved by a method according to claim 1, a device according to claim 10 or a spacer according to claim 27 or 28. Advantageous further developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

A preferred solution is first explained on the basis of the application for transverse joints and dowels; it can also be used in an adapted form on longitudinal joints and anchors.

The proposed dowel setting device enables optimal positioning of the dowels with minimal personnel expenditure and at a relatively high production speed.

A so-called subgrade usually serves as the supporting surface of a concrete pavement. H. a surface that is as smooth as possible with the desired height profile. In practice, however, the level of the formation can be imprecise. With a uniform support height of the spacers, this inaccuracy is transferred to the actual position of the dowels supported by the spacers. According to an embodiment variant for optimal positioning of the dowels, it is therefore provided that the spacers when setting, ie. H. when inserting the spacers, if necessary at the same time with their assigned dowels, either at least largely plastically deformed to a desired support height into the not yet solidified concrete material or, with appropriate design, the spacers and the underlay surface are pressed into the underlay surface, if necessary, so that the desired height, d. H. Target position, the dowel is ensured.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments. The drawing shows: Figure 1 is a schematic representation in plan view of a portion of a two-lane concrete pavement, the direction of travel is indicated by arrows.

Fig. 2 schematically, in a side view, a concrete slipform paver for producing such a concrete pavement, equipped with a dowel setting device;

3 shows a perspective view of a dowel setting device integrated in a concrete slipform paver, in detail;

Fig. 4 in a side view, schematically, a first embodiment of a dowel setting device;

5 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a dowel setting device in a representation similar to FIG. 4;

Fig. 6 in a schematic representation of dowel pliers, dowels and spacers u. a. for the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5;

Fig. 7 in a similar to Fig. 4, a schematic representation another

Embodiment of a dowel setting device;

8 shows a detail from the left side of a further embodiment of a dowel setting device;

Fig. 9 dowels and spacers from Fig. 8 in a schematic

Top view;

10 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a dowel setting device with spacer magazine and dowel magazine; 11 shows a perspective view of an example of a spacer for the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 10, which extends at least substantially over the entire length of the dowel;

12 shows a schematic, partial view in the direction of travel of a further exemplary embodiment of a dowel setting device;

13 shows a side view transverse to the direction of travel of the dowel setting device according to FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a detail, enlarged sectional view of a manufacturing device of the dowel setting device according to FIG. 12;

15 shows a plan view of a magazine for spacers of the dowel setting device according to FIG. 12;

16 shows a schematic side view of the magazines for spacers of the dowel setting device according to FIG. 12;

17 shows a schematic side view of a further exemplary embodiment of a dowel setting device; and

18 shows a view of magazines for spacers of the dowel setting device according to FIG. 17;

Fig. 1 shows an example of a two-lane concrete road surface, the single-layer, multi-layer or multi-layer on a base surface - flat surface 1 (Fig. 2) - is produced. The width extends, for example, over two lanes 2, in which the working or driving direction corresponding to the direction of travel of motor vehicles on the lanes is indicated by arrows for a slipform paver or another device for producing the concrete carriageway cover. Fig. 1 makes it clear that in the road surface from above at certain intervals transverse to the direction of motor vehicles or transverse to the lanes 2 transverse joints 3, in particular as dummy joints, and with a greater width of the road surface, as here, longitudinal joints 4 also extending in the direction of travel, in particular as dummy joints, are formed. The meaning of these dummy joints has already been explained in the general part of the description. In particular, they are produced by later, partially cutting in the road surface from above. The term "direction of travel" is here generally

To understand the longitudinal extent of the lanes 2 of the concrete carriageway cover 8, that is to say the direction of travel of motor vehicles on the finished concrete carriageway cover 8. The working or travel direction 45 of the slipform paver 7 indicated in FIG. 2 for producing the concrete carriageway cover 8 either runs in or against the aforementioned direction of travel.

In the area of the transverse joints 3, as indicated, dowels 5 made of a reinforcement material, in particular made of plastic-coated round steel, which are arranged at certain lateral distances from one another and cross the transverse joint 3 are in the already distributed and possibly already compacted concrete material of the pavement, at least in front of the Setting the concrete material used, and that at a certain height above the level 1, the target position. Correspondingly, dowels 6 made of reinforcement material, in particular made of partially plastic-coated round steel, are used in the area of the longitudinal joint 4 at specific lateral distances from one another, crossing the longitudinal joint 4, usually referred to as anchors.

As has already been explained above, the material of the pavement cover may be (after) compressed and smoothed after the dowels 5 and 6 have been set. If a further layer or layer of concrete material is applied, at least this is compacted and smoothed.

The dowels 5 assigned to the transverse joints 3 and the setting of these dowels 5 and the relevant dowel setting devices are discussed in more detail below. However, this also applies in an adapted form for the longitudinal joints 4 assigned to dowels 6.

The problem of maintaining the desired position of the dowels 5 and 6 is general

Part of the description has been dealt with in detail. 2 shows an example of a concrete slipform paver 7. The paver 7 reveals the resulting concrete pavement 8 on the formation 1. The direction of travel of paver 7 is indicated by arrow 45. On the paver 7, in front of a pressure screed 7a for the production of a second concrete layer, a transverse smoothing device 7b and a longitudinal smoothing device 7c, a dowel setting device 9 with the dowels 5 attached to it can still be seen, at the level of the upper edge of the concrete carriageway cover 8, i.e. even before setting the Dowel 5.

3 shows, in a further exemplary embodiment, a dowel setting device 9, which is indicated schematically there. The dowels 5 can be seen in dowel pockets 11 of the dowel setting device 9 and above that, dowel pliers 12 on a pliers slide 13, which can be moved vertically downward and via which vibratory energy is possibly transmitted can be. From the position shown in FIG. 3, in the area of the transverse joint 3, the dowels 5 arranged one behind the other or next to one another are pressed out by the dowel pliers 12 by the pliers slide 13 moving downwards, possibly with the aid of vibrating energy, from the dowel pockets 11 and pressed into the concrete material of the pavement - set - up to the desired position, that is to say the predetermined height above the level 1. If the pliers slide 13 has moved correspondingly downwards, it is then pulled back again, the dowel pliers 12 leave the concrete material again, the dowels 5 remain in the concrete material.

It can be imagined that the dowel setting device 9 briefly remains stationary in the area of the transverse joint 3 in order to carry out the lowering movement of the tong carriage 13, although the paver 7 continues to move in the direction of travel 45 at unchanged working speed. However, the dowel setting device 9 can also be a self-sufficient or separate device which runs between two pavers 7 or between a paver 7 and a post-smoothing device.

Remains to be noted that, of course, the dowel pockets 11 of the dowel setting device 9, after the dowels 5 have been set, a transverse joint 3 and the pliers slide 13 raised again, be it from a dowel magazine, be it in a different way, as explained in more detail later.

It is provided that a spacer 14 is assigned to each dowel 5 before the dowels 5 are placed or at the same time as the dowels 5 are placed, which spacer is lowered into the concrete material to the surface of the level 1 so that the dowel 5 is removed by the spacer 14 is fixed in its target position opposite the formation 1.

FIG. 4 shows what is meant here in a first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 6 shows the relationship in a side view, the position of dowels 5 and spacers 14 in the final state in the concrete carriageway cover 8.

Fig. 4 shows above the dowel pliers 12, indicated below a dowel pocket 1 1, in which, not recognizable, the dowel 5 is located. Under the dowel bag

1 1 there is a spacer 14a on the left and a spacer 14b on the right, this division of the spacer 14 for the dowel 5 will be explained in more detail later. Each spacer 14a, 14b is located in a corresponding receptacle 15a, 15b. The receptacles 15a, b are closed with bottom flaps 16 which can be pulled out or swung out laterally.

To insert the dowels 5 at a transverse joint 3, the entire arrangement is moved down to the top of the compacted concrete carriageway cover 8, the bottom flaps 16 are opened, the pliers slide 13 with the dowel pliers 12 is moved downward. The dowels 5 are pressed down out of the dowel pockets 11, meet the spacers 14 still resting on the concrete carriageway ceiling 8 and are sunken slightly and are pressed down by the dowel pliers 12 together with the spacers 14 into the concrete material of the carriageway ceiling until the Ab - Stand the stand 14 on the level 1. At this point, the dowels 5, provided the spacers 14 have been dimensioned accordingly, have exactly reached the desired position in the concrete pavement 8. You do not leave this target position even when subsequently introducing vibratory energy during the recompression and smoothing, because they are prevented from falling further by the spacers 14. Fig. 6 shows the position of the dowels 5 in the concrete material of the concrete pavement 8 on the subgrade 1 as an example.

Fig. 6 shows for the embodiment shown there that and how the spacer 14 is designed here so that it can be easily inserted into the concrete material of the pavement 8. It is characterized by large openings for the passage of the concrete material. In practice, the spacer 14 is designed as a wide-meshed grid, which can be inserted into the concrete material with comparatively little force, at least if appropriate vibrating energy is introduced, which causes the grid to flow around the concrete and avoids air pockets.

The exemplary embodiment explained above makes it clear that here the spacers 14 are themselves placed in the concrete material by setting the dowels 5. But it is also possible that the spacers 14 are first placed in the concrete material and that the dowels 5 are placed in a further, subsequent operation. The placement of the spacers 14 realized here with the interposition of the dowels 5 for power transmission is a particularly expedient procedure.

The exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are further characterized in that spacers 14 made of a reinforcement material, such as reinforcing steel, or of plastic or the like, optionally provided with reinforcing materials, are used. Reinforcement material, such as reinforcing steel, has proven itself for such purposes; it is one of the most expedient materials for the spacers 14, also because its processing is of course familiar to the experts.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is further characterized in that two spacers 14a, b supporting one end of the dowel 5 are used per dowel 5. In contrast, the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5 shows that the two spacers 14a, b are connected to one another here, to a certain extent forming a coherent spacer 14. The connection 14c in the illustrated embodiment also consists of a reinforcement material, such as reinforcing steel or the like. Fig. 1 1 shows an alternative of a single spacer 14, which supports the dowel 5 in the area of both ends equally. In principle, the spacer from FIG. 5 can of course also be regarded as such if it is understood as a unit as a whole.

FIG. 6 in connection with FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 shows a further special feature in these exemplary embodiments, which is of considerable importance in terms of production technology. It is preferably provided here that the spacers 14 of a plurality of dowels 5 lying next to one another are connected to one another. In particular, these are carried out continuously here, in the exemplary embodiment shown in such a way that they are combined in a hollow profile-like, in particular circular cylindrical basket made of rod material or the like. The drawings clearly show what is meant. The rod material can e.g. B. again reinforcement material, especially reinforcing steel. The length of the basket, which forms the plurality of spacers 14 of adjacent dowels 5, may correspond to the width of a lane 2 or a section of a lane 2, even longer lengths are conceivable. The production of such a continuous spacer 14 is of course extremely inexpensive, the handling is simple and the introduction into the concrete material of the road surface 8 makes no difficulties. Instead of closed bracket you could e.g. B. also choose a spiral, continuous design of the carrier.

11 shows in the case of the spacer 14 implemented there, which is provided for an individual dowel 5, that this is designed as a basket assembled from rod material. Alternatives are obvious, for example a basket made of rod material, or a basket made from molding technology, for example made of a fiber-reinforced, resistant plastic, which is not damaged by the introduction of the vibrating energy into the concrete.

If it is found in corresponding experiments that the position of the dowels 5 on the spacers 14 is precisely predetermined and maintained in height, but the lateral position undergoes changes due to the introduction of vibrating energy etc., it can also be provided that the spacer 14 is provided with a receptacle 17 for the dowel 5. You can see this 6 in the form of corresponding bends in the rod material of the spacer 14.

In the exemplary embodiments discussed so far it is always provided that on the one hand the dowels 5 designed for the stress on the transverse joint 3 and on the other hand the spacers 14 designed for the purely support function are provided. It could also be imagined to connect dowels 5 and spacers 14 from the outset, in particular to design the dowel 5 as an integral part of the spacer. For example, in the case of the spacer 14 shown in FIG. 1 1, the two upper longitudinal rods, shown in an exaggeratedly thin manner, could be made thicker, that is to say with a larger diameter, and thus designed to be “dowel-like”. One could also attach the spacers 14 as "legs" to the dowel 5 itself, in particular by welding, and thus realize an integrated "spacer dowel".

5, a modification could also be provided such that the dowels 5 of a transverse joint 3 are first arranged on a spacer 14 outside a corresponding dowel setting device 9, then the overall arrangement is inserted into the dowel setting device 9 and then the overall arrangement is made of dowels 5 and spacers 14.

In any case, it is preferably provided that the spacers 14 are lowered close to the surface of the concrete material of the pavement before setting.

Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment for the application of the method according to the invention, which is characterized in that 5 plates are automatically fitted onto the ends of a dowel as spacers 14a, 14b in a snug fit and are thus connected to the dowel. Other connection techniques are also possible. Rings, star-like or "spider-like" spacers 14a, 14b are conceivable as alternatives. By pulling the floor flaps 16 away or pivoting them out, the dowels 5 can be set in the manner already explained. The spacers 14 are also set at the same time. The spacers 14 can generally be made of metal or be made of plastic and have an oval, rectangular, triangular or other geometry.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is characterized in that the spacers 14 are designed asymmetrically over the height of the dowel. This takes into account the fact that this exemplary embodiment is intended for a method for producing a two-layer concrete road surface (page 2, third paragraph of the introduction to the description). So that the spacers 14 do not protrude from the lower layer, which could cause the dowels 5 to be displaced, the spacers 14 have a height which only corresponds to the height of the lower layer or in particular is somewhat less. In order to achieve the preferably desired central position - target position - for the dowels 5, the spacers 14 must of course then be asymmetrical to the dowel 5.

In terms of process engineering, it should finally be pointed out that the anchors or dowels 6 for longitudinal joints 4 can also be placed in the concrete material in accordance with the methods which have been explained above. The dowels 6 can be placed along the longitudinal joint (s) 4 either individually or in groups, depending on the design of the spacers 14 and a corresponding dowel setting device, which is basically like that for setting the dowels 5 with appropriate alignment or arrangement along the longitudinal joint (s) 4 can be trained to be set.

The opening of the receptacles 15 by the bottom flaps 16 which can be pulled away or swung out has already been explained. The frontal insertion into correspondingly open or open receptacles 15 is particularly recommended for elongated, continuous spacers 14, as shown in FIGS. 4/5 and 6.

The embodiment of a dowel setting device 9 shown in FIG. 7 is further characterized in that the spacers 14 stand directly on a support track 20 and carry the dowels 5 without dowel pockets. The support tracks 20 are formed here by the bottom flaps 16. It is practical that the spacers 14 serve as arrangement aids for the dowels 5. The makes it easy to "populate" the dowel setting device 9 with the unit consisting of dowels 5 and spacers 14. Here it can be provided that the spacers 14 on the support track 20 serving as a feed track can be displaced transversely to the direction of travel into their setting positions in the dowel setting device 9. In the illustrated embodiment, a circumferential means of transport 21 with corresponding feed pins 22 for advancing or for positioning the dowels 5 is provided for displacement.

8 and 9 show an alternative with an embodiment, which is characterized in that the spacers 14 are individually in guide pockets 23 under a feed path 24 on the support path 20 and thereby close the feed path 24 for other spacers 14 with the top. When the dowels 5 are pushed forward on the spacers 14 on the support track 20, a dowel 5 with spacers 14 accordingly falls into the guide pockets 23, so that the following dowels 5 with the spacers 14 can be pushed over them.

FIG. 9 shows the arrangement from FIG. 8 in a top view. The advantage of this arrangement is good guidance of the spacers 14 into the concrete carriageway ceiling 8, which ensures that the dowels 5 are correctly positioned in the concrete carriageway cover 8.

1 1 and the special spacer 14 for a dowel 5 shown there have already been referred to several times. Fig. 10 shows a further alternative of a dowel setting device 9, which in this case is characterized in that the spacers 14 in a spacer magazine 30 and the dowels 5 in a dowel magazine 31 or both are stored together in a magazine, which can be moved in particular transverse to the direction of travel and the dowels 5 and the spacers 14 are continuously deposited in corresponding receiving pockets 32. One can see the stackable spacers 14 in the spacer magazine 30 and the dowels 5 in the dowel magazine 31 designed as an inclined slide. The combination of the spacer magazine 30 and dowel magazine 31 moves transversely to the direction of travel and populates the receiving pockets 32 for setting the dowels 5 / spacers 14 one after the other Transverse joint 3. Further exemplary embodiments of the dowel setting device 9 are explained below. Here too, as in the exemplary embodiments already explained, the same reference symbols are used for the same or at least similar parts, the same or similar properties and advantages being obtained, even if a repeated description is omitted for reasons of simplification.

The exemplary embodiments explained below are again dowel setting devices 9 which are provided for setting dowels 5 in the region of transverse joints 3. Of course, as with the dowel setting devices 9 already explained at the outset, a modification for setting the dowels 6, which are usually referred to as anchors, is also possible in the region of the longitudinal joint (s) 4, even if this is not explained in more detail below.

12 to 16 show an exemplary embodiment of a dowel setting device 9 with a setting device 25, which here has a device 26 for lifting and lowering, such as a lifting and pressure cylinder, and the tong slide 13 with dowel pliers 12 actuated therefrom. The pliers slide 13 extends here transversely to the direction of travel, that is, parallel to the transverse joints 3. The dowel pliers 12 are distributed on the dowel slide 13 transversely to the direction of travel in accordance with the desired spacing of the dowels 5 and at the same time spaced in pairs in the direction of travel for safe guidance of each dowel 5 arranged in the area of its two ends when setting. Only a few dowel pliers 12 are shown by way of example in FIG. 12, with other parts also being shown incompletely or only indicated for reasons of simplification.

The dowel setting device 9 has a frame 27 which carries all the essential components of the dowel setting device 9, in particular the setting device 25 and the setting device 25 or dowel pockets 11 assigned to the dowel pliers 12. The dowel pockets 11 can be opened and closed as in the exemplary embodiments already explained be so that the 1 1 positioned in their setting positions over the dowel pockets Dowels 5, together with their associated spacers 14, are lowered down onto the concrete material by opening the dowel pockets 11 and can be inserted or pressed into the concrete material by lowering the pliers slide 13 by means of the device 26 through the dowel pliers 12, and can thus be set to the desired position. Usually, the setting device 25 has an associated shaking device, not shown, in order to facilitate the setting of the dowels 5 and the spacers 14.

The dowel setting device 9 also has a finishing device 28, which is indicated in particular in FIGS. 13 and 14 and which is used to equip the dowels 5 with spacers 14 - as will be explained in more detail later - and a handling device 29 which serves to convey and position the Dowel 5 is used with its spacers 14 in the setting positions.

The handling device 29 here has a circumferential transport means 21 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, is formed by two circumferential chains 33 arranged parallel to one another, as can best be seen in FIG. 13. The chains 33 are guided around deflection rollers 34, so that in the illustration according to FIG. 12 they can carry out a conveying or transport movement which essentially follows the contour of a rectangle. The plane of this movement path runs essentially vertically or perpendicularly to the surface of the concrete carriageway cover 8 to be produced, the direction of conveyance of the dowels 5 shown in FIG. 12 by arrow 35 with the associated spacers 14 from the assembly device 28 on the feed path 24 being essentially horizontal , parallel to the surface of the pavement 8 to be manufactured parallel to the longitudinal extent of the transverse joints 3 for positioning the dowels 5 above the dowel pockets 11.

The two chains 33 can preferably be driven discontinuously by a common drive, not shown, in order to enable the desired, preferably individual, assembly of the dowels 5 and, if necessary, their positioning in the setting positions below the dowel pliers 12. The handling device 29 or the transport means 21 is designed so that the dowels 5 can be guided, conveyed and positioned safely. For this purpose, the chains 33 have cavities 36 between adjacent chain links, for example

Inclusion of one dowel 5 each. The cavities 36 are preferably spaced apart in the conveying direction 35 such that the distance corresponds to the distance between the dowel pockets 11 or to the position of the dowel pliers 12. As a result, the chains 33 can forcibly position the dowels 5 at their setting positions on the feed path 24. However, other constructive solutions are also possible.

The dowel setting device 9 has a magazine 31 for dowels 5, which is held in particular by the frame 27 above the transport means 21 or the chains 33 in such a way that the dowels 5, one by one, by their own weight into the cavities 36 formed by the chains 33 from above can slip in. Here, the dowels 5 lie relatively loosely in the cavities 36 which are open to the outside and are formed by the chains 33 for conveying and positioning the dowels 5. The magazine 31 is preferably provided with an allocation slide (not shown) or a comparable, in particular automatically controllable device provided to equip only certain individual cavities 36 with dowels 5 as required.

In the downward promotion of the dowels 5 from the task level into a lower level - in the illustration according to FIG. 12 on the left side of the handling device 29 - a corresponding undercut of the cavities 36 prevents the loose dowels 5 from falling outwards. However, the chains 33 can also be designed such that the dowels 5 are held, for example, in a clamping or latching manner. Alternatively or additionally, guides, for example guide plates, can be assigned to the transport means 21 or the chains 33 in order to prevent the dowels 5 from falling out.

At the transition to the lower transport plane of the dowels 5, a guide track 37 is provided, which extends beyond the deflection rollers 34 along the outside between extends or on the outside on the chains 33, so that the dowels 5 do not fall out of the cavities 36, but are carried by the guide track 37 and then the feed track 24 and in the cavities 36 are forcibly required by the chains 33 in the conveying direction 35 or be moved.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the assembly device 28 is arranged in the lower transport plane as close as possible to the lower deflection of the transport means 21 located on the left in FIG. 12. However, the assembly described in more detail below, i. H. Fitting the dowels 5 with spacers 14, if necessary also at another point in the dowel feeder, for example on the left side in the area of the downward moving dowels 5, in the upper transport level of the transport means 21 or at each individual dowel position before installation ( Setting position).

The assembly of the dowels 5 with assigned spacers 14 takes place in the illustrated example in that a spacer 14 is pushed or plugged onto the two ends or end regions of each dowel 5 in order to connect the spacers 14 to the dowels 5. For this purpose, the assembly device 28 in the depicted example has two plungers 38 or the like assigned to the dowel ends in the assembly position, in order to push or push a spacer 14 from the outside onto the assigned dowel end, that is to say to assemble the dowels 5 or with spacers 14 to be populated. In order to prevent a transverse displacement of the dowels 5 held loosely by the cavities 36 during assembly, ie a displacement of the dowels 5 in their longitudinal extension or transversely to the conveying direction 35, the two plungers 38 have the same stroke and can be actuated simultaneously. This eliminates the need for a lateral abutment for the dowel 5 during assembly. Alternatively or additionally, an adapted dowel fixation (not shown) can be provided. The plunger 38 and the device 26 for lifting and lowering the pliers slide 13 are each preferably operated hydraulically, alternatively pneumatically or by an electric motor.

The spacers 14 are fed to the assembly device 28 or to the plungers 38 by means of suitable feed shafts or channels 39 from the magazines 30 for the spacers 14. In the illustration shown, as can be seen in FIGS. 12, 13, 15 and 16 , Two magazines 30 are arranged in the upper region of the dowel setting device 9, in particular on the frame 27.

Each magazine 30 supplies one of the two feed channels 39 in such a way that the spacers 14 in the respective feed channel 39 are led one after the other, in particular solely by their weight, down to the assembly device 28 or to the plunger 38, where the spacers 14 are carried individually are pushed one after the other from the respective plunger 38 onto an associated dowel end 5.

The spacers 14 are, for example, plate-like in accordance with the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 and each have an insertion opening as a receptacle 17 for an associated dowel end. The insertion opening is arranged, in particular, above the center of the spacer 14 with respect to the lower edge of the spacer 14 which is placed on the support surface or the level 1 in use, in order to achieve the asymmetrical design of the spacer 14 already explained.

The design of the spacers 14 as angular plate pieces has, in particular in the case of an asymmetrical arrangement of the receptacle 17, in addition to simple manufacture, the advantage that, with a corresponding design of the magazines 30 and the feed channels 39, rotation of the spacers 14 can be prevented in a simple manner. In addition, the plate-shaped spacer 14 has a comparatively small displacement area when it is introduced or set, with the direction of introduction into the concrete material lying at least essentially in the plane of the plate. The structure of one of the magazines 30 is explained in more detail below, the two magazines basically being of the same design, only delivering the spacers 14 individually to the respectively assigned feed channel 39 on opposite sides of the dowel setting device 9 in the direction of the longitudinal extension or main axis of the dowels 5 or feed this.

The magazine 30, as can best be seen in FIG. 15, is designed to accommodate a plurality of rows of spacers 14 layered one behind the other. The individual rows of spacers 14 can, for example, be inserted into the magazine 30 by means of cassette-like holders (not shown), suitable transport packaging or loosely. The rows of spacers 14 are arranged horizontally next to one another with a layering direction essentially parallel to the longitudinal extent of the dowels 5. This results in a compact structure, with the spacers 14 already being aligned with their plate plane perpendicular to the main axis of the dowels 5, so that the spacers 14 and the dowels 5 can be connected directly to one another in this orientation without further rotation. However, a different arrangement of the rows is also possible as required, with other orientations of the spacers 14 in the magazine 30 also being possible, of course, depending on the design solution.

The magazine 30 has a bottom-side delivery opening, not shown, in the region of one end of a side or outside row of spacers 14, to which the assigned feed channel 39 adjoins downwards and through which the spacers 14 individually fall into the feed channel 39 can. At the end of this row of spacers 14 opposite the feed opening, a telescopic or feed cylinder 40 or another suitable feed device is arranged, which pushes the spacers 14 of this row one after the other to the feed opening, so that these one after the other through the subsequent feed channel 39 to Assembly device 28 slide down.

As soon as all spacers 14 of the aforementioned row have been fed to the assigned feed channel 39 and the feed cylinder 40 has its Has taken the starting position, the further rows of spacers 14 are moved transversely, so that the next row of spacers 14 comes to lie in front of the feed device or the feed cylinder 40 and then the spacers 14 of this row of the finishing device 28 are fed via the assigned feed channel 39 . For transverse displacement, the magazine 30 has a suitable feed device 41 on the opposite side, which is formed here by two telescopic cylinders 42. The feed direction of the feed device 41 thus runs transversely to the feed direction of the feed cylinder 40.

16, the second magazine 30 arranged above the first magazine 30 is shown in dashed lines. As already explained, the two magazines 30 differ in that the feed openings of the two magazines 30 are arranged on opposite sides with respect to a transverse joint 3 to be reinforced with dowels 5, the arrangement and feed direction of the feed cylinders 40 of the two magazines 30 being correspondingly opposite or runs.

It goes without saying that, if necessary, several of the magazines 30 described above can be combined in order to achieve a desired storage capacity. Depending on the desired stock, the number of rows of spacers 14 that can be maximally accommodated by a magazine 30 can also be varied.

The spacers 14 fed to the assembly device 28 are connected to the dowels 5 during assembly, in this case in particular plugged onto assigned dowel ends. Of course, depending on the design of the spacers 14, other types of connection with the dowels 5 are also possible, for example by snapping on or clamping on.

After the dowels 5 have been individually assembled in the illustrated example, these are moved together with their assigned spacers 14 - the spacers 14 being correctly aligned, particularly with an asymmetrical design with regard to their later position in the set state - by the handling device 29 or the transponder. port means 21 transported to the setting positions already explained above in the conveying direction 35 or pushed. In this case, the dowels 5 are conveyed via the feed track 24, which can be formed in particular from two pairs of plates or sheets standing perpendicular to the dowels 5, which are slotted and can be displaced in the longitudinal direction relative to one another. Will the

If slots are covered, the dowels 5 can be brought down and placed.

The plates or sheets perpendicular to the dowels 5 or vertically to form the feed path 24 with their upper longitudinal edges are preferably formed by appropriately slotted and in particular vertically angled upward edges of at least essentially horizontally laterally projecting plates or sheets educated. Alternatively, other outwardly projecting holding means can also be assigned to the plates (sections) or sheet metal sections forming the feed path 24.

In order to prevent the spacers 14 from rotating during the displacement in the conveying direction 35 after assembly and / or to guide them safely, a corresponding guide is preferably provided. This is formed here by at least one lateral upper guide element 43 and / or possibly lower lateral, in particular laterally displaceable guide elements 44, which extend from the assembly device 28 in the conveying direction 35 across all setting positions. The guide elements 43, 44 are essentially flat here. If necessary, these can also be formed by guide rails or the like. Of course, the guide can alternatively also be designed to correspond to the solutions according to FIGS. 7 to 9.

Depending on the guidance of the spacers 14, in particular depending on the design of the guide elements 43, 44, and if the spacers 14 are connected with the dowels 5 in a sufficiently firm manner, the feed path 24, starting from the assembly device 28 in the conveying direction 35, can be omitted, since these relate to the lower ones lateral guide elements 44 standing spacers 14 carry the associated dowels 5. After the assembled dowels 5 have assumed their setting positions below the dowel pliers 12, the dowels 5 can be inserted into the concrete material together with the associated spacers 14 by the setting device 25. For this, the dowel setting device is used first

9 stopped relative to the concrete pavement 8 or the underlay. This takes place in the preferred continuous production of the concrete carriageway cover 8 by the paver 7 and in the further preferred connection of the dowel setting device 9 to a paver 7 moving ahead and / or behind in the working direction 45 in that the dowel setting device 9 during the setting relative to the Paver 7 or paver 7 is shifted at a suitable speed against the working direction 45, ie the direction of travel of the paver 7, by means of a corresponding shifting device, not shown.

The feed path 24 is opened or the lower guides of the spacers 14, i. H. the lower guide elements 44 are then folded away or laterally displaced so that the spacers 14 are released downwards.

In particular, the dowel pockets 11, which are formed, in particular, by the slits of the vertically standing plate elements or sheets of the feed path 24, cover vertical guides for the dowels 5 in order to precisely position the dowels 5 below the assigned dowel pliers 12 to ensure.

Subsequently, the dowels 5, together with their assigned spacers 14, are inserted or pressed into the concrete material by the dowel pliers 12, the dowels 5 assuming their desired position.

The dowel pliers 12 are then pulled out of the concrete material again and the dowel setting device can be pushed back into its starting position relative to the paver 7 or the paver 7. Until the next row of dowels is set along the next transverse joint 3, the required number of dowels 5 is inserted in the assembly line. device 28 assembled, ie provided with the associated spacers 14, and positioned at the respective setting positions by means of the handling device 29.

It should be pointed out that instead of the chains 33 described above, the handling device 29 can also have other handling elements, for example conveyor belts or suitable gripping systems.

It is also possible, instead of individually assembling the anchors 5, to assemble several anchors 5 simultaneously, depending on the design.

Furthermore, depending on the design of the setting device 25, it is possible, either, as in the aforementioned exemplary embodiment, to place all dowels 5 with their associated spacers 14 along a joint 3 simultaneously, or in groups at the same time using a plurality of setting devices 25 or in succession using one along the Set joint 3 movable setting device 25.

It is also possible to lower the dowel setting device 9 or the frame 27 onto the concrete material during dowel setting in order to lower the dowels 5 with their associated spacers 14 as closely as possible to the concrete material in order to prevent the dowels 5 with the assigned spacers 14 from falling down in an uncontrolled manner to avoid the concrete material.

In addition, each dowel setting device 9 preferably has a control device, not shown, which enables an at least largely automated sequence of dowel setting and preferably all functions of the dowel setting device 9 to be controlled.

Another embodiment of the dowel setting device 9 is shown in FIGS.

17 and 18. This embodiment differs from the one described above essentially in that already here Pre-assembled dowel units 46, consisting of a plurality of dowels 5, which are connected to one another via at least one spacer 14, are received and set by the dowel setting device 9. Consequently, a packaging device is not required in this exemplary embodiment. Furthermore, there are in particular differences for the magazines and the

Handling device.

The dowel setting device 9 here has a magazine 47 for the dowel units 46. In the illustrated and preferred exemplary embodiment, the magazine 47 holds the dowel units 46 one above the other in a stack shape, with the dowels 5 being oriented essentially horizontally transversely to the course of the joint 3 to be reinforced. For this purpose, the magazine 47 has, in particular, circumferential transport means 21 which, for example, are chain-like or band-like and are provided with suitable holding means, such as holding knobs 48, and the dowel units 46 on opposite sides, in particular in four corner regions of the relatively flat, cuboid dowel units 46 hold. For this purpose, four transport means 21, each rotating around two assigned deflecting rollers 34, with holding means facing each other and spaced apart, are arranged in order to keep the dowel units 46 parallel or displaceable in the vertical direction in a substantially horizontal orientation, so that the dowel units 46 individually can be delivered or transferred to an adapted handling device 29 at the bottom.

18 illustrates that here the magazine 47 is formed from a plurality of, in particular three, magazine subunits, each of which has the aforementioned four transport means 21 for holding a stack of dowel units 46 and for dispensing the dowel units 46 one by one. It goes without saying that, depending on the working width of the dowel setting device 9 and adapted to the respective extent of a dowel unit 46 along a joint 3 to be reinforced, the number of magazine subunits and the distances of the transport means 21, in particular transversely to the working direction 45 or longitudinal orientation of the dowels 5, vary can. A construction which is simple in terms of construction results in particular from the fact that, for example, all of the upper deflection rollers 34 located at the front in the working direction 45 are arranged on a common shaft 49. The same applies in each case to the coaxially arranged, rear deflection rollers 34 and accordingly in the lower level for the deflection rollers 34 there. In total, only four shafts 49 are therefore required in the exemplary embodiment shown, with a common drive 50 driving the two upper shafts 49 in opposite directions is provided so that the dowel units 46 in the magazine subunits can be lowered simultaneously and in a controlled manner. and can be output individually to the associated handling device 29 indicated in FIG. 17.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the magazine 47 is arranged in the working direction 45 behind the setting device 25 and carried by the common frame 27. Of course, depending on the space available, the magazine 47 can also be arranged in the working direction 45 in front of the setting device 25 and / or can be carried by a separate frame.

The handling device 29 pushes the dowel unit (s) 46, which are lowered from the magazine 47 onto a fixed feed path 51 arranged underneath, under the setting device 25. For this purpose, the handling device 29 has corresponding telescopic or feed cylinders 52 or other suitable actuators .

The handling device 29 positions the dowel units 46, if necessary by means of guide means (not shown) under the setting device 25 or under the dowel pliers 12 on a displaceable feed path 53 or the like which, after the dowel unit (s) 46 has been positioned, is lowered or lowered under the dowel pliers 12 Placing the dowel unit (s) 46 on the concrete material underneath, for example by pulling it away towards the magazine 47. The dowel units 46 are then set or inserted into the concrete material by the setting device 25, as in the exemplary embodiments explained above. Instead of the displaceable feed path 53, it is of course also possible to use other constructive solutions, for example pivotable holding guides or gripper systems.

Also in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the manufacture of the concrete carriageway cover 8 is preferably continued continuously while the dowel units 46 are being set, which corresponds to the displacement of the dowel setting device 9 already explained above relative to the paver 7 or the paver 7 during the Requires setting, as indicated by the double arrows 54.

Alternatively, in all of the exemplary embodiments, the production of the concrete carriageway cover 8 can be briefly interrupted for setting the dowels 5, the spacers 14 or the dowel units 46. In this case, a relative displacement of the dowel setting device 9 to the paver 7 or the paver 7 is not necessary.

It should be pointed out that individual construction elements of the described exemplary embodiments of the dowel setting device 9 can also be combined or replaced by design solutions having the same or a similar effect.

As already explained, the above-mentioned dowel setting devices 9 can of course also be modified for setting anchors or dowels 6 along the longitudinal joint (s) 4, with a corresponding modification, it then being possible for the dowels 6 and spacers 14 to be set individually or in groups. The alignment of the dowels 6 is essentially transverse to the working direction 45 of the paver 7 or to the direction of travel or longitudinal extension of the lanes 2 of the concrete pavement 8 to be produced. Accordingly, the dowel setting device 9 is then oriented differently and / or optionally has additional ones or correspondingly variable handling devices and setting devices to z. B. dowels 5, 6 and spacers 14 as well as or only optionally along transverse joints 3 and 4 longitudinal joints. Depending on the width of the concrete pavement 8 to be manufactured or depending on the number of lanes 2, several dowel setting devices 2 of suitable width can be combined with one another in order to be able to place dowels 5 over the entire length of the transverse joints 3.

Claims

Claims:

1. A method for producing a concrete pavement (8), which is produced in a single layer, multi-layer or multi-layer on a base surface, such as a plain (1), and the width in particular over one

One lane (2) or several lanes (2) is sufficient for the transverse joints (3) in the carriageway ceiling (8) from above at certain intervals from above, in particular as dummy joints, and / or in particular with a larger width of the concrete carriageway cover (8 ) longitudinal joints (4) running in the direction of travel, in particular as dummy joints, in which dowels (5, 6) which cross the joints (3, 4) in the area of the joints (3, 4) at certain lateral distances from one another ) are placed from a reinforcement material together with assigned spacers (14) into already distributed and possibly compacted concrete material of the concrete pavement (8) before setting or solidifying the concrete material by means of a setting device (25), the spacers (14) in the concrete material down to the surface of the

Underlay surface are lowered, in which finally after the dowels (5, 6) have been set, the concrete material of this or another layer or layer may be post-compressed and smoothed, characterized in that the dowels (5, 6) before and / or when setting with the spacers (14) are automatically assembled or connected and / or that the dowels (5, 6) and the spacers (14) and / or dowel units (46), each consisting of one with at least one spacer (14) connected dowels (5, 6) or from a plurality of dowels (5, 6) connected by spacers (14), automatically fed to the setting device (25) or positioned in setting positions for subsequent setting.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of a dowel (5, 6) assigned spacers (14a, b) are fitted snugly for connection to the dowel (5, 6).

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dowels (5, 6) of a transverse joint (3) are first arranged outside a corresponding dowel setting device (9) on the spacers (14), and that afterwards the overall arrangement or dowel unit (46) from dowels (5, 6) and spacers (14) inserted into the dowel setting device (9), if necessary, stored and placed in a magazine.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dowels (5, 6), spacers (14) and / or assembled dowel units (46) corresponding magazines (30, 31, 47) automatically removed and / or therein can be stored automatically.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacers (14) are lowered to close to the surface of the concrete material of the pavement (8) before setting.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dowels (5, 6) with at least one associated

Spacers (14) are set in groups, in particular where the dowels (5, 6) of a group are connected to one another by at least one assigned spacer (14) and are set as a unit (46), where appropriate over the length of a joint (3, 4) several units (46) are preferably placed simultaneously.

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dowels (5, 6) of a group are individually provided one after the other with their associated spacers (14) and that the dowels (5, 6) then with their assigned spacers (14) are positioned at desired intervals along the joint (3, 4) prior to the joint setting, in particular the dowels (5, 6) being provided with assigned spacers (14) together with these discontinuously in one to the joint after being provided or equipped with them (3, 4) parallel, preferably horizontal plane.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dowels (6) along the longitudinal joint (s) (4) and / or the associated spacers (14) are set individually or in groups and / or that the dowels ( 5, 6) and / or the spacers

(14) are set during the continuous production of the concrete pavement (8).

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dowels (5, 6) or spacers (14) are set with such energy or force, in particular with shaking, that the spacers (14) when sitting on the base surface are deformed such that the dowels (5, 6) assume the desired position.

10. dowel setting device (9) in or in connection with a paver (7) for producing a concrete road surface (8) reinforced with dowels (5, 6) on a supporting surface, in particular according to a method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the dowels ( 5, 6) are fixed or supported in their desired position by spacers (14) in relation to the base surface and the dowel setting device (9) has a setting device (25) for setting the dowels (5, 6) with their assigned spacers (14), thereby characterized in that the dowel setting device (9) is designed such that the dowels (5, 6) and the associated spacers (14) can be connected to one another in an automated manner before and / or when the dowels (5, 6) are set and / or that the dowels (5, 6) and spacers (14) and / or dowel units

(46), each consisting of one with at least one spacer (14) connected dowels (5, 6) or from a plurality of dowels (5, 6) connected to one another by spacers (14), can be fed automatically to the setting device (25) or can be positioned in setting positions for subsequent setting.

11. Dowel setting device according to claim 10, characterized in that the dowel setting device (9) is a finishing device (28) for merging and / or connecting the dowels (5, 6) with associated spacers (14), in particular by lateral attachment of the spacers (14) , having.

12. Dowel setting device according to claim 1 1, characterized in that the dowel setting device (9) is designed such that the assembly device (28), the dowels (5, 6) can be fed individually, for which purpose the dowel setting device (9) in particular a rotating means of transport

(21).

13. Dowel setting device according to claim 1 1 or 12, characterized in that the dowel setting device (9) has a guide device for guiding the dowels (5, 6) connected to the associated spacers (14) and / or the spacers (14) from the assembly device ( 28) for juxtaposed setting positions above the concrete material and / or for positioning in the setting positions.

14. Dowel setting device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the dowel setting device (9) at least one assembly device for equipping the setting device (25) with dowels (5, 6) and spacers (14) and / or with dowel units (46) having.

15. Dowel setting device according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the dowel setting device (9) has at least one magazine (31) for dowels (5, 6), from which the dowels (5, 6) in particular can be removed individually, at least one magazine (30) for spacers (14), in particular for individual supply to a assembly device (28) connecting the spacers (14) with associated dowels (5, 6), and / or at least one magazine (47) for dowel units (46) for preferably individual supply of the Has dowel units (46) for the setting device (25).

16. Dowel setting device according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that it has a plurality transversely to the direction of travel or along a joint (3, 4) side by side receiving pockets (32) for receiving dowels (5, 6) and spacers (14 ), the spacers (14) in a spacer magazine (30) and the dowels (5) in a dowel magazine (31) or both are stored together in a magazine, which is transverse to the direction of travel or along or parallel to one Joint (3, 4) are or can be moved and the dowels (5, 6) and the spacers (14) continuously in corresponding

Put down or put down the receiving bags (32).

17. Dowel setting device according to one of claims 10 to 16, characterized in that one of the dowel setting device (9) associated device is designed so that the dowels (5, 6) of at least part of a joint (3, 4) initially outside of Dowel setting device (9) can be arranged or connected to the spacers (14) and then the overall arrangement (s) or dowel unit (s) (46) made of dowels (5, 6) and spacers (14) into the dowel setting device (9 ) is introduced and set.

18. Dowel setting device according to one of claims 10 to 17, characterized in that the dowel setting device (9) is designed such that the dowels (5, 6) of a group can be assembled individually one after the other with their assigned spacers (14), the Spacers (14) in particular are plugged on, and that the dowels (5, 6) can then be positioned with their assigned spacers (14) at desired intervals along the joint (3, 4) before they are placed together.

19. Dowel setting device according to one of claims 10 to 18, characterized in that the dowel setting device (9) is designed such that the dowels (5, 6) after assembly or fitting with associated spacers (14) together with these discontinuously in one to the joint (3, 4) parallel, preferably horizontal plane can be moved.

20. Dowel setting device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the setting device (25) has a plurality of dowel pockets (1 1) arranged next to one another transversely to the direction of travel or along a joint (3, 4) for receiving the corresponding dowels (5, 6), wherein under the dowel pockets (1 1) receptacles (15) for corresponding spacers (14) are arranged, from which the spacers (14) can be moved downwards, in particular wherein the receptacles (15) can be pulled out or swung out to the side Bottom flaps (16) are closed and / or the receptacles (15) are open or evident on the front and the spacers (14) can be inserted into the receptacles (15), in particular transversely to the direction of travel.

21. Dowel setting device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the setting device (25) has a support track (20) for direct support of the dowels (5, 6) carrying spacers (14).

22. Dowel setting device according to claim 21, characterized in that the spacers (14) on the support track serving as a feed track

(20) can be moved transversely to the direction of travel or along the respective joint (3, 4) into their setting positions in the dowel setting device (9), in particular with a rotating means of transport for the movement

(21) is provided.

23. Dowel setting device according to claim 21, characterized in that the spacers (14) are individually in guide pockets (23) under a feed path (24) on the support path (20) and with the top of the feed path (24) for other spacers (14 ) conclude.

24. Dowel setting device according to one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that the support track (20) is formed by side flaps that can be pulled out or swung out.

25. Dowel setting device according to one of claims 10 to 24, characterized in that the dowel setting device (9) is designed such that the dowels (6) along the longitudinal joint (s) (4) of the concrete pavement (8) and / or the associated spacers (14) can be placed individually or in groups.

26. Dowel setting device according to one of claims 10 to 25, characterized in that the dowel setting device (9) is designed such that the dowels (5, 6) or spacers (14) with such energy or force, in particular with shaking, can be placed or inserted into the concrete material in such a way that the spacers (14) are deformed when sitting on the support surface in such a way that the dowels (5, 6) assume the desired position.

27. Spacer (14), in particular for a dowel setting device (9) according to one of claims 10 to 21, for fixing or supporting at least one dowel (5, 6) in the manufacture of a concrete pavement (8), characterized in that the spacer (14) has an at least substantially flat, plate-like outer contour, in particular is at least essentially plate-shaped, and / or is designed to be stackable.

28. Spacer (14) for fixing or supporting at least one dowel (5, 6) in the manufacture of a concrete pavement (8), in particular according to a method according to claim 9, characterized in that the spacer (14) has a floor surface for support the support surface and at least one support surface or receptacle (17) for a dowel (5, 6) and at least essentially is inelastic and at least deformable in such a way that the distance between the bottom surface and the support surface or receptacle (17) can be reduced by deformation.