WO2000022182A1 - Alliage de cuivre de decolletage sans plomb - Google Patents

Alliage de cuivre de decolletage sans plomb Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000022182A1
WO2000022182A1 PCT/JP1998/005157 JP9805157W WO0022182A1 WO 2000022182 A1 WO2000022182 A1 WO 2000022182A1 JP 9805157 W JP9805157 W JP 9805157W WO 0022182 A1 WO0022182 A1 WO 0022182A1
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Prior art keywords
weight
alloy
silicon
copper
free
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PCT/JP1998/005157
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Keiichiro Oishi
Original Assignee
Sambo Copper Alloy Co., Ltd.
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Publication date
Application filed by Sambo Copper Alloy Co., Ltd. filed Critical Sambo Copper Alloy Co., Ltd.
Priority to EP98953071A priority Critical patent/EP1045041B1/fr
Priority to DE69832097T priority patent/DE69832097T2/de
Priority to AU10541/99A priority patent/AU744335B2/en
Priority to KR1020007006434A priority patent/KR100352213B1/ko
Priority to CA002314144A priority patent/CA2314144C/fr
Publication of WO2000022182A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000022182A1/fr
Priority to US09/987,173 priority patent/US6413330B1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a free-cutting copper alloy containing no lead component.
  • bronze-based alloys such as JIS H511111BC6 and brass-based alloys such as JIS H3250-C3604, C3771 are generally known. These have improved machinability by containing about 1.0 to 6.0% by weight of lead, and have ensured industrially satisfactory machinability.
  • lead-containing copper alloys have excellent machinability as described above, they have been used in various products (for example, faucets for water supply pipes, plumbing fittings, plumbing fittings, valves, etc.). It is useful as.
  • lead is a harmful substance that harms humans and the environment, its use has recently tended to be severely restricted.
  • lead components may be contained in metal vapor generated during high-temperature work such as melting and forging of alloys, or lead components may be eluted from faucet fittings or valves due to contact with drinking water. There are problems with human health and environmental health.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an extremely machinable material that does not contain any lead component, which is a machinability improving element, and is an alternative to the conventional free-cutting copper alloy containing a large amount of lead.
  • a lead-free copper alloy that can be safely used as a material has no environmental health problems including chip recycling, and can sufficiently respond to the recent trends in which lead-containing products are being regulated.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide excellent corrosion resistance in addition to machinability, such as a cut product, a forged product, and a bodily product requiring corrosion resistance (for example, a hydrant, a supply / drainage).
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a lead-free copper alloy that can be suitably used as a constituent material of metal fittings, valves, stems, hot water supply piping parts, shafts, heat exchanger parts, and the like, and has extremely large practical value.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide not only machinability but also high strength and abrasion resistance, and a machined product, a forged product and a porcelain product requiring high strength and abrasion resistance.
  • machinability but also high strength and abrasion resistance
  • a machined product a forged product and a porcelain product requiring high strength and abrasion resistance.
  • bearings, bolts, nuts, bushings, gears, sewing machine parts, hydraulic parts, etc. provides lead-free copper alloys with extremely high practical value. Is to do.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to excel in high-temperature oxidation resistance in addition to machinability, such as cut products, forged products, and porcelain products that require high-temperature oxidation resistance (for example, petroleum products).
  • machinability such as cut products, forged products, and porcelain products that require high-temperature oxidation resistance (for example, petroleum products).
  • ⁇ It can be suitably used as a constituent material of nozzles for gas hot air heaters, burner heads, gas nozzles for water heaters, etc., and an object of the present invention is to provide a lead-free copper alloy whose practical value is extremely large. .
  • the present invention proposes the following lead-free free-cutting copper alloy to achieve the above object.
  • the lead-free free-cutting copper alloy excellent in machinability contains 69 to 79% by weight of copper and 2.0 to 4.0% by weight of silicon, and the balance is
  • first invention alloy a copper alloy with an alloy composition of zinc
  • the first invention alloy ensures industrially satisfactory machinability by adding silicon instead of lead. I will do it. That is, the first invention alloy has improved machinability by forming an ⁇ phase by adding silicon.
  • the amount of silicon is less than 2.0% by weight, the formation of an ⁇ -phase sufficient to ensure industrially satisfactory machinability is not performed.
  • the machinability is improved with an increase in the amount of silicon added.
  • the addition of silicon is performed after a Cu—Si alloy is added, and the production cost increases. Even in consideration of such alloy production costs, it is not preferable to add silicon in an amount exceeding the amount (4.0% by weight) at which the machinability improving effect is saturated.
  • the relationship with the zinc content is also taken into consideration. In that case, it was found that the copper content was preferably set in the range of 69 to 79% by weight. For this reason, in the first invention alloy, the contents of copper and silicon are set to 69 to 79% by weight and 2.0 to 4.0% by weight, respectively.
  • the addition of silicon improves the machinability, as well as the flowability, strength, abrasion resistance, corrosion cracking resistance, and high temperature oxidation resistance during fabrication. Also, ductility and anti-zinc corrosion resistance are improved to some extent.
  • the second invention as a lead-free free-cutting copper alloy also having excellent machinability, copper is 69 to 79% by weight, silicon is 2.0 to 4.0% by weight, and bismuth is 0.0. 2 to 0.4% by weight, tellurium 0.02 to 0.4% by weight and selenium 0.02 to 0.4% by weight and at least one element selected from the group consisting of zinc and
  • a copper alloy having the following alloy composition (hereinafter referred to as “second invention alloy”). That is, the second invention alloy has the first invention alloy containing 0.02 to 4% by weight of bismuth, 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of tellurium, and 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of selenium. It has an alloy composition further containing at least one.
  • Bismuth, tellurium, or selenium, like lead does not form a solid solution in the matrix but disperses in the form of particles, thereby exhibiting the function of improving machinability. To improve the quality. Therefore, when these are co-added with silicon, the machinability can be further improved beyond the machinability improvement limit by the addition of silicon.
  • the second invention alloy paying attention to such a point, at least one of bismuth, tellurium, and selenium is added to further improve the machinability of the first invention alloy. In particular, by adding bismuth, tellurium or selenium in addition to silicon, a high degree of machinability is exhibited even when cutting complicated shapes at high speed.
  • the addition amount of bismuth, tellurium, or selenium is set to 0.02 to 0.4% by weight. Since bismuth, tellurium, or selenium improves machinability by a function different from that of silicon as described above, the proper content of copper and silicon is not affected by their addition. Therefore, the contents of copper and silicon were the same as those of the first invention alloy.
  • copper is 70 to 80% by weight
  • silicon is 1.8 to 3.5% by weight
  • tin is 0.3. -3.5% by weight
  • third invention alloy a copper alloy with a gold composition
  • Tin when added to a Cu—Zn-based alloy, forms an ⁇ phase and improves machinability, like silicon.
  • tin is added in an amount of 1.8 to 4.0% by weight in a Cu—Zn alloy containing 58 to 70% by weight of (: 11), so that even if silicon is not added. Therefore, the addition of tin to the Cu—Si—Zn-based alloy can promote the formation of seven phases, and the Cu—Si—Zn-based The machinability of the alloy can be further improved
  • the formation of the seven phases by tin is carried out at 1.0 wt% or more and becomes saturated when it reaches 3.5 wt%.
  • the content exceeds 3.5 % by weight, not only does the effect of forming a ⁇ phase become saturated, but also the ductility decreases, and if the added amount of tin is less than 1.0% by weight, the effect of forming an ⁇ phase is reduced.
  • the addition amount of 0.3% by weight or more has an effect of dispersing and homogenizing the ⁇ phase formed by silicon.
  • the machinability is also improved by the dispersing effect of the seven phases, ie, when the amount of tin added is 0.3% by weight or more, the machinability is improved by the addition of tin.
  • aluminum has a function to promote the formation of the ⁇ phase, similar to tin. By adding it together with or instead of tin, the machinability of the Cu—Si—Zn alloy is improved. It can be further improved.
  • Aluminum has a function to improve strength, abrasion resistance, resistance to high-temperature oxidation, and a function to reduce alloy specific gravity in addition to machinability. Must be added at least 0% by weight. However, even if it is added in excess of 3.5% by weight, the machinability improvement effect commensurate with the amount added is not seen, and as with tin, ductility is reduced.
  • Phosphorus does not have the function of forming an alpha phase like tin and aluminum, but the phosphorous phase formed by adding silicon or co-adding one or both of tin and aluminum is dispersed uniformly. There is a function to improve the y-phase distribution, and this function is intended to further improve the machinability due to the formation of the ⁇ -phase.
  • the addition of phosphorous makes the seven phases dispersed and, at the same time, refines the crystal grains of the phases in the matrix, thereby improving hot workability and improving strength and stress corrosion cracking resistance.
  • it also has the effect of significantly improving the flowability of the molten metal during construction.
  • Such an effect due to the addition of phosphorus is not exhibited with an addition of less than 0.02% by weight.
  • the added amount of phosphorus exceeds 0.25% by weight, the effect of improving machinability and the like corresponding to the added amount cannot be obtained, and excessive addition leads to deterioration of hot forgeability and extrudability. I do.
  • the Cu—Si—Zn based alloy contains 0.3 to 3.5% by weight of tin, 1.0 to 3.5% by weight of aluminum, and 0.3% by weight of phosphorus. By adding at least one of 0.2 to 0.25% by weight, the machinability is further improved.
  • tin, aluminum or phosphorus improves the machinability by the function of forming the a phase or the function of dispersing the seven phases as described above.
  • tin, aluminum or phosphorus is closely contacted with silicon. Relationship. Therefore, in the third invention alloy in which tin, aluminum or phosphorus is added to silicon, the function of improving the machinability by replacing the silicon of the first invention alloy is exhibited, and the machinability is independent of the r phase.
  • the required amount of silicon is smaller than that of the second invention alloy to which bismuth, tellurium, or selenium is added, which has a function of improving the machinability (a function of improving machinability by dispersing in a granular form in the matrix). Bully. That is, even if the amount of silicon added is less than 2.0% by weight and if it is 8% by weight or more, it is possible to obtain industrially satisfactory machinability by co-adding tin, aluminum or phosphorus. Can be done. However, even if the amount of silicon is less than 4.0% by weight, if it exceeds 3.5% by weight, tin, aluminum or phosphorus is co-added, so that the machinability improvement effect of silicon addition is saturated.
  • the addition amount of silicon is set to 1.8 to 3.5% by weight. Further, from the relation with the addition amount of silicon and the addition of tin, aluminum or phosphorus, the upper and lower limits of the copper content are slightly larger than those of the second invention alloy, and the preferable content is 7%. 0- It was 80% by weight.
  • the fourth invention as a lead-free free-cutting copper alloy also having excellent machinability, 70 to 80% by weight of copper, 1.8 to 3.5% by weight of silicon, and 0.3% by weight of tin. And at least one element selected from aluminum, 1.0 to 3.5% by weight, and phosphorus 0.02 to 0.25% by weight, and bismuth 0.02 to 0. Copper having an alloy composition containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of 4% by weight, tellurium 0.2 to 0.4% by weight, and selenium 0.02 to 0.4% by weight, with the balance being zinc.
  • the fourth invention alloy an alloy (hereinafter referred to as “the fourth invention alloy”).
  • the fourth invention alloy at least one of 0.02 to 4% by weight of bismuth, 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of tellurium, and 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of selenium is added to the third invention alloy. And the reasons for adding them and determining the amount of addition are the same as those described for the second invention alloy.
  • the fifth invention as a lead-free free-cutting copper alloy excellent in corrosion resistance in addition to machinability, copper 69-79% by weight, silicon 2.0-4.0% by weight, From 0.3 to 3.5% by weight of tin, 0.02 to 0.25% by weight of phosphorus, 0.02 to 0.15% by weight of antimony and 0.02 to 0.15% by weight of arsenic
  • a copper alloy hereinafter referred to as “fifth invention alloy” containing one or more selected elements and having an alloy composition of zinc with the balance being zinc.
  • the first invention alloy contains 0.3 to 3.5% by weight of tin, 0.02 to 0.25% by weight of phosphorus, 0.02 to 15% by weight of antimony and 0 to 15% by weight of arsenic.
  • the alloy composition further contains at least one of 0.2 to 0.15% by weight.
  • Tin has a function to improve corrosion resistance (anti-zinc corrosion resistance, corrosion resistance) and forgeability, in addition to its machinability improving function. That is, it is possible to improve the corrosion resistance of the high-phase matrix, and to improve the corrosion resistance, forgeability and stress corrosion cracking resistance by dispersing the ⁇ phase.
  • this function of tin improves corrosion resistance.
  • the improvement of machinability is mainly achieved by the effect of silicon addition. Therefore, the contents of silicon and copper are the same as those of the first invention alloy.
  • the amount of tin added must be at least 0.3% by weight.
  • the function of improving the corrosion resistance and forgeability due to the addition of tin is not economically useless even if added in excess of 3.5% by weight, because the effect cannot be obtained in proportion to the amount added.
  • Phosphorus uniformly disperses the ⁇ -phase and refines the ⁇ -phase crystal grains in the matrix, thereby improving the machinability and improving the corrosion resistance (dezincification corrosion resistance, It has the function of improving forgeability, forgeability, stress corrosion cracking resistance and mechanical strength.
  • the function of phosphorus improves corrosion resistance and the like, and the machinability is improved mainly by the effect of silicon addition.
  • the effect of improving the corrosion resistance and the like due to the addition of phosphorus is exerted by the addition of a trace amount of phosphorus, and is exerted by the addition of 0.02% by weight or more. However, even if it is added in excess of 0.25% by weight, not only the effect corresponding to the added amount cannot be obtained, but also the hot forgeability and the extrudability decrease.
  • Antimony and arsenic also improve anti-zinc-corrosion resistance and the like in a very small amount (0.02% by weight or more), like phosphorus. However, if the content exceeds 0.15% by weight, not only the effect corresponding to the added amount is not obtained, but also the hot forgeability and the extrudability are reduced as in the case of excessive addition of phosphorus.
  • the fifth invention alloy in addition to the same amount of copper and silicon as in the first invention alloy, at least one of tin, phosphorus, antimony and arsenic as a corrosion resistance improving element falls within the above range. In addition, not only machinability but also corrosion resistance and the like can be improved. Note that, in the fifth invention alloy, tin and phosphorus mainly function as corrosion resistance improving elements similar to antimony and arsenic, and thus are similar to the first invention alloy in which a machinability improving element other than silicon is not added.
  • the amounts of copper and silicon are 69-79% by weight and 2.0-4.0% by weight, respectively.
  • a lead-free free-cutting copper alloy also having excellent machinability and corrosion resistance
  • a copper alloy hereinafter referred to as “Sixth Invention Alloy” that contains more than one element and has an alloy composition consisting of zinc with the balance being zinc.
  • the sixth invention alloy has at least one of 0.02 to 4% by weight of bismuth, 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of tellurium, and 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of selenium in the fifth invention alloy. And further improves the machinability by adding at least one selected from silicon and bismuth, tellurium and selenium, as in the second invention alloy. Also, similarly to the fifth invention alloy, corrosion resistance and the like are improved by adding at least one selected from tin, phosphorus, antimony, and arsenic.
  • the addition amounts of copper, silicon, bismuth, tellurium, and selenium were the same as those of the second invention alloy, and the addition amounts of tin, phosphorus, antimony, and arsenic were the same as those of the fifth invention alloy.
  • the seventh invention as a lead-free free-cutting copper alloy excellent in machinability as well as high strength and wear resistance, 62 to 78% by weight of copper and 2.5 to 4. 5% by weight, and at least one element selected from 0.3 to 3.0% by weight of tin, 0.2 to 2.5% by weight of aluminum and 0.02 to 0.25% by weight of phosphorus, Copper alloy containing an alloy composition containing one or more elements selected from 0.7 to 3.5% by weight of manganese and 0.7 to 3.5% by weight of nickel and the balance being zinc “The seventh invention alloy”).
  • Manganese or nickel combines with silicon to form a fine intermetallic compound of Mn x S i ⁇ or N i ⁇ S iy, which precipitates uniformly in the matrix, Improves wear resistance and strength. Therefore, high strength and wear resistance are improved by adding one or both of manganese and nickel. Such effects are exhibited when manganese and nickel are added in an amount of 0.7% by weight or more, respectively. However, even if it is added in excess of 3.5% by weight, the effect becomes saturated and the effect corresponding to the added amount cannot be obtained. Silicon was added in an amount of 2.5 to 4.5% by weight in consideration of the amount of silicon required for the formation of intermetallic compounds with manganese or nickel.
  • the addition of tin, aluminum and phosphorus strengthens the ⁇ phase of the matrix and improves machinability.
  • Tin and phosphorus improve the strength, abrasion resistance and machinability by dispersing the graphite and ⁇ phases.
  • Tin improves the strength and machinability when added at 0.3% by weight or more, but decreases the ductility when added at more than 3.0% by weight. Therefore, in the alloy of the seventh invention for improving high strength and wear resistance, the addition amount of tin is set to 0.3 to 3.0% by weight in consideration of the effect of improving machinability.
  • Aluminum contributes to improvement of wear resistance, and the function of strengthening the matrix is exhibited by adding 0.2% by weight or more. However, if added in excess of 2.5% by weight, the ductility decreases.
  • the addition amount of aluminum is set to 0.2 to 2.5% by weight.
  • the addition of phosphorus makes the ⁇ -phase crystal grains in the matrix finer at the same time as dispersing the ⁇ -phase, thereby improving hot workability and improving strength and wear resistance.
  • the amount of copper was set to 62 to 78% by weight based on the relationship with the amount of silicon added and the relationship between manganese and nickel combined with silicon.
  • the lead-free free-cutting copper alloy which is also excellent in machinability, high strength, and abrasion resistance, comprises 62 to 78% by weight of copper, and 2.5 to 4.5% by weight of silicon. And at least one element selected from the group consisting of 0.3 to 3.0% by weight of tin, 1.0 to 2.5% by weight of aluminum, and 0.02 to 0.25% by weight of phosphorus. . At least one element selected from 7 to 3.5 wt% and nickel 0.7 to 3.5 wt%, bismuth 0.02 to 0.4 wt%, tellurium 0.02 to 0. Copper alloy containing an alloy composition containing at least one element selected from among 4 wt% and selenium 0.02 to 4 wt%, with the balance being zinc (hereinafter referred to as “the eighth invention alloy”) ).
  • the eighth invention alloy has the seventh invention alloy containing 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of bismuth, 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of tellurium, and 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of selenium. It has an alloy composition further containing at least one element.
  • bismuth or the like which is an element that improves machinability by a function different from silicon
  • high strength similar to that of the seventh invention alloy is obtained. It is intended to further improve the machinability while ensuring the workability and wear resistance.
  • the reason for adding the machinability improving element such as bismuth and the reason for determining the amount of addition are the same as those of the second invention alloy, the fourth invention alloy or the sixth invention alloy.
  • the reasons for adding other elements (copper, zinc, tin, manganese, nickel) and the reasons for determining the amount of addition are the same as in the seventh invention alloy.
  • the ninth invention as a lead-free copper alloy having excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance in addition to machinability, copper 69-79% by weight, silicon 2.0-4.0% by weight, Copper alloy containing 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of aluminum and 0.02 to 0.25% by weight of phosphorus, with the balance being zinc (hereinafter referred to as "ninth invention alloy”) Suggest.
  • Aluminum is an element that improves strength, machinability and wear resistance, as well as high-temperature oxidation resistance. Further, as described above, silicon also has functions of improving machinability, strength, wear resistance, stress corrosion cracking resistance, and high temperature oxidation resistance. Improvement of the high-temperature oxidation resistance by aluminum is performed by adding 0.1% by weight or more by co-addition with silicon. However, even if aluminum is added in an amount exceeding 1.5% by weight, the effect of improving high-temperature oxidation resistance corresponding to the added amount is not observed. From this point, the addition amount of aluminum is set to 0.1 to 1.5% by weight. Phosphorus is added to improve the flowability of the molten metal during the production of the alloy.
  • Phosphorus also improves the high-temperature oxidation resistance in addition to the above-mentioned machinability and dezincification corrosion resistance in addition to the flowability of the molten metal.
  • Such an effect of adding phosphorus is exhibited at 0.02% by weight or more. However, even if it is added in excess of 0.25% by weight, no effect commensurate with the added amount is observed, and rather the alloy becomes brittle. From such a point, the addition amount of phosphorus is set to 0.02 to 25% by weight.
  • silicon is added to improve machinability as described above, silicon also has a function of improving the flowability of molten metal like phosphorus.
  • the improvement of the fluidity due to silicon is exhibited by the addition of 2.0% by weight or more, which overlaps the addition range necessary for improving machinability. Therefore, the addition amount of silicon is set to 2.0 to 4.0% by weight in consideration of improvement in machinability.
  • the tenth invention 69-79% by weight of copper and 2.0-4.0% by weight of silicon are used as lead-free free-cutting copper alloys, which are also excellent in machinability and high-temperature oxidation resistance.
  • the present invention proposes a copper alloy (hereinafter, referred to as "the 10th invention alloy") containing one or more selected elements and having an alloy composition composed of the balance of zinc.
  • Chromium and titanium have a function of improving high-temperature oxidation resistance, and the function is particularly remarkably exerted by a synergistic effect of co-addition with aluminum. Such a function is exhibited at 0.02% by weight or more and becomes saturated at 0.4% by weight, respectively, irrespective of whether they are added alone or co-added. From such a point, in the tenth invention alloy, the ninth invention alloy further contains at least one of 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of chromium and 0.02 to 4% by weight of titanium. It is intended to further improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the ninth invention alloy having the above alloy composition.
  • the eleventh invention 69-79% by weight of copper and 2.0-4.0% by weight of silicon are used as lead-free free-cutting copper alloys, which are also excellent in machinability and high-temperature oxidation resistance.
  • the 11th invention alloy has at least one of 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of bismuth, 0.02 to 4% by weight of tellurium, and 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of selenium in the ninth invention alloy.
  • bismuth which is an element that improves machinability by a function different from that of silicon, as described above, provides the same high temperature resistance as the ninth invention alloy. It is intended to further improve machinability while ensuring oxidizing properties.
  • the 12th invention 69-79% by weight of copper and 2.0-4.0% by weight of silicon are used as a lead-free free-cutting copper alloy also having excellent machinability and high-temperature oxidation resistance.
  • 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of aluminum, 0.02 to 0.25% by weight of phosphorus, 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of chromium and 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of titanium At least one element selected from the group consisting of bismuth 0.02 to 0.4% by weight, tellurium 0.02 to 0.4% by weight, and selenium 0.02 to 0.4% by weight.
  • the present invention proposes a copper alloy (hereinafter, referred to as a "first and second invention alloy") containing one or more elements and having an alloy composition of zinc.
  • the 12th invention alloy is composed of the 10th invention alloy containing bismuth 0.02 to 0.4% by weight, tellurium 0.02 to 0.4% by weight, and selenium 0.02 to 0.4% by weight. And an alloy composition further containing at least one of the following.
  • bismuth or the like which is an element that improves machinability by a function different from silicon, as described above, It is intended to further improve machinability while ensuring high-temperature oxidation resistance.
  • the machinability was further improved by subjecting each of the above-mentioned alloys to a heat treatment at 400 to 600 ° C. for 30 minutes to 5 hours.
  • the 13th invention alloy propose a lead-free free-cutting copper alloy (hereinafter referred to as "the 13th invention alloy”.
  • the first to 12th invention alloys are alloys to which machinability improving elements such as silicon are added, and have excellent machinability by adding such elements.
  • the copper concentration is high, and When there are many phases (mainly phases) other than ⁇ , 7, and 5 phases, the phase changes to the a phase by heat treatment, and the a phase is finely dispersed and precipitated, resulting in machinability. May be further improved.
  • the copper concentration is high, the ductility of the matrix is high and the absolute amount of the ⁇ phase is small, so it is excellent in cold workability.However, when cold working and cutting such as caulking are required, the above heat treatment is used. Is extremely effective.
  • the c phase is changed to the ⁇ phase by heat treatment.
  • the machinability is further improved by finely dispersing out the ⁇ phase.
  • those materials may be forced air-cooled or water-cooled.
  • low copper concentration alloy those having a low copper concentration (hereinafter, referred to as “low copper concentration alloy”) have a slightly smaller ⁇ phase and contain a ⁇ phase.
  • the phase changes to the ⁇ phase and the ⁇ phase is finely dispersed and precipitated, thereby improving machinability.
  • a high-copper-concentration alloy or a composition in which the compounding ratio of copper and silicon to another additive element (excluding zinc) A is 67 ⁇ Cu-3 Si + aA.
  • the effect of the heat treatment is particularly remarkable in low-copper alloys with compositions such that 6 4 ⁇ C ⁇ -3 S i + a A.
  • a is a coefficient that varies depending on the additive element A.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the shape of chips generated when the surface of a round bar-shaped copper alloy is cut by a lathe.
  • a lump having a composition shown in Tables 1 to 35 was heated (750 ° C) to an outer diameter of 15 mm.
  • No. 1 3 0 2 is an extruded material having the same composition as No. 1 3 0 1 which was heat-treated at 450 ° C for 2 hours.
  • Extruded material having the same composition as Invention Alloy No. 1007 was heated under the same conditions as No. 1301 (580 ° C, 30 minutes).
  • Extruded material having the same composition as No. 1 0 7 is heat-treated under the same conditions as No. 1 3 0 (450 ° C, 2 hours)
  • the extruded material having the same composition as that of the first invention alloy No. 108 was prepared under the same conditions as No. 1301 (580 ° C, 3 ° C).
  • No. 130006 was extruded with the same composition as No. 108 under the same conditions as No. 1302 (450 ° C, 2 min.). Time) o
  • a lump having a composition shown in Table 37 (a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter of 100 mm and a length of 150 mm) was extruded hot (750 ° C) to obtain an outer diameter.
  • No. 14001 to No. 14006 of a 15 mm round bar-shaped extruded material (hereinafter referred to as “conventional alloy”) were obtained.
  • N 0.104 1 corresponds to “JISC 360 4”
  • No. 140 2 corresponds to “ ⁇ 0 8 C 360 0 0”
  • No. 1403 corresponds to “JISC 3771”
  • No. 14004 corresponds to “CDAC 690”.
  • No. 1406 corresponds to “JISC 4622” and is a naval brass having the highest corrosion resistance among the brass products specified in JIS.
  • each extruded material obtained as described above was turned on a lathe equipped with a serious cutting tool (rake angle: 18 °), cutting speed: 5 OmZ, cutting depth (cutting allowance): 1.5 mm, feed rate: 0.1 I mm Cut under the condition of Zr e v., Convert the signal from the three-component dynamometer attached to the cutting tool into a voltage signal using a heavy strain meter, and record it with a recorder. This was converted to cutting force. by the way, The magnitude of the cutting force is determined by the three-component force, that is, the main component, the feed component, and the back component.
  • the main component (N) that shows the largest value among the three components is the cutting force.
  • the results were as shown in Table 38 to Table 66.
  • Figs. 1 (A) to (D) the state of the chips generated by cutting was observed and classified into four types as shown in Figs. 1 (A) to (D) according to their shapes and shown in Tables 1 to 37.
  • Fig. (D) when the chips have a spiral shape of three or more turns, it becomes difficult to process the chips (collection and reuse of the chips, etc.) and the chips are turned into a cutting tool. Troubles such as entanglement or damage to the cutting surface occur, making it impossible to perform good cutting.
  • Fig. (C) when the chip has a spiral shape of about 2 turns from a half-turn arc shape, a large trouble such as a spiral form of 3 turns or more is obtained.
  • the processing of chips is still not easy, and in the case of continuous cutting, entanglement with the byte and damage to the cutting surface may occur.
  • the chip is sheared into a fine needle-shaped piece such as (A) and a fan-shaped piece or an arc-shaped piece such as (B), the above trouble does not occur, and (C) ) Since it is not bulky as shown in the figure and (D) figure, the processing of chips is easy.
  • the chips are sheared into a fine shape as shown in Fig. (A), they may sneak into the sliding surface of a machine tool such as a lathe to cause a mechanical obstacle, or to stick into the fingers or eyes of the worker. May be dangerous.
  • the quality of the cut surface was judged by the surface roughness. That The results were as shown in Table 38 to Table 66.
  • the maximum height (Rmax) is often used as a standard for surface roughness, and it depends on the application of the brass product. 10 / m ⁇ Rmax and 15 ⁇ m, it can be judged that industrially satisfactory machinability could be obtained.If Rmax ⁇ 15 ⁇ m In this case, it can be determined that the machinability is poor.
  • ⁇ indicates that Rmax is less than 10 m
  • ⁇ indicates that 10 m ⁇ Rmax ⁇ 15 ⁇ m
  • ⁇ indicates that Rmax ⁇ 15 ⁇ m. Indicated by "x".
  • the first invention alloy No. 1001 to No. 108 the second invention alloy No. 200 to No. 1 201, 3rd invention alloy No. 3001 to No. 310, 4th invention alloy No. 401 to No. 409, 5th invention alloy No. 5 0 01 to No. 520, 6th invention alloy No. 600 1 to No. 610, 7th invention alloy No. 7001 to No. 730, 8th invention Alloy No. 800 1 to No. 8 1 47, Ninth Invention Alloy No. 900 1 to No. 900, No. 10 Invention Alloy No. 1000 to No. 1 000, No. 11 invention alloy No. 1 1 0 0 1 to No.
  • the alloy has machinability equivalent to that of conventional alloys No. 14001 to No. 1403 containing a large amount of lead.
  • lead as well as conventional alloys No. 1404-No. It has good machinability compared to conventional alloys containing a large amount of N 0.1400 to No. 1.43.
  • the 13th invention alloys No. 130001 to No. 13006 have the first invention alloy No. 1 having the same composition as these.
  • the machinability has been improved compared to that of No. 105, No. 107 and No. 108, and it has been confirmed that the machinability can be further improved by performing appropriate heat treatment.
  • the following hot compression test and tensile test were performed.o
  • the first and second test pieces having the same shape were cut out from each extruded material obtained as described above.
  • each of the first test pieces was heated to 700 ° C, held for 30 minutes, and then compressed in the axial direction at a compressibility of 70% (the height of the first test piece). (Length) was reduced from 25 mm to 7.5 mm), and the surface morphology (700 ° C deformability) after compression was visually determined.
  • the results were as shown in Table 38 to Table 66.
  • the first to thirteenth invention alloys are the same as those of the conventional alloys No. 1.401 to No. 1.404 and It had a hot workability and a mechanical property equal to or higher than that of No. 1.406, and was confirmed to be industrially suitable for use.
  • the seventh and eighth invention alloys have the same mechanical properties as the conventional alloy No. 1.405, which is the aluminum bronze with the highest strength among the brass products specified in JIS. It is understood that it is excellent in high strength.
  • the first to fourth invention alloys and the ninth to thirteenth invention alloys Lead-containing conventional alloys have superior corrosion resistance compared to No. 1401 to No. 1403.
  • the sixth invention alloy has extremely excellent corrosion resistance compared to the conventional alloy No. 14006, which is the best brass corrosion-resistant navel brass among JIS-specified copper products. It was confirmed that.
  • the fifth and sixth invention alloys with improved machinability and corrosion resistance were also compared with the conventional alloy 1405, which is an aluminum bronze containing no zinc. It has the same stress corrosion cracking resistance and has the highest corrosion corrosion cracking resistance than the conventional alloy No. 14006, a Navy brass with the highest corrosion resistance among the brass products specified in JIS. It was confirmed that.
  • the following oxidation tests were performed to confirm the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the ninth to 12th invention alloys in comparison with the conventional alloys.
  • the oxidation increase of the 9th to 12th invention alloys is equivalent to that of the conventional alloy No. 14005, which is aluminum bronze with high resistance to high-temperature oxidation among the copper products specified in JIS. It is much smaller than conventional alloys. Therefore, it was confirmed that the ninth to twelfth invention alloys were extremely excellent not only in machinability but also in high-temperature oxidation resistance.
  • 4 0 6 a is the above-mentioned copper alloy No. 7 0 1 to No. 7 0 3 0, No. 8 0 1 to No. 8 1 4 7 and No. 1 4 0 1 It has the same alloy composition as No. 1406.
  • the wear resistance of the seventh invention alloys No. 7001a to No. 7030a and the eighth invention alloys No. 8001a to No. 81447a was increased by the conventional alloy No. In order to confirm in comparison with 14001a to No.1406a, the following A wear test was performed.
  • each test piece was fitted and fixed on a rotatable shaft, and a 50 kg load was applied to a SUS 304 roll with an outer diameter of 48 mm whose axis is parallel to this. It is maintained in a state of being brought into pressure contact. Thereafter, the SUS304 roll and the test piece rolling thereon are driven to rotate at the same rotational speed (209 rpm) while dropping multi-oil on the outer peripheral surface of the test piece.
  • the seventh invention alloys No. 7001a to No. 7030a and the eighth invention alloy No. 800 la to No. 8 The 147a is not only the same as the conventional alloys No. 1400 1 to No. 1404 and No. 1405, but also It was confirmed that the abrasion resistance was superior to that of the conventional alloy No. 1500, which is aluminum bronze with the highest abrasion resistance.
  • the seventh and eighth invention alloys show that, in addition to machinability, the wear resistance of the copper alloy products specified in JIS It can be said that it has high strength and abrasion resistance equal to or higher than aluminum bronze, which has the best performance. ⁇ table 1 ⁇
  • Nana 64.8 3.0 1.3 1.2 0.16 0.10 0.06 1.5 Nana
  • Alloy alloy fiber (% by weight)

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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un alliage de cuivre de décolletage ne contenant pas de plomb, et qui présente une aptitude à la coupe satisfaisante d'un point de vue industriel. La composition d'alliage renferme 69-79 % en poids de cuivre, 2,0-4,0 % en poids de silicium, le reste étant du zinc.
PCT/JP1998/005157 1998-10-12 1998-11-16 Alliage de cuivre de decolletage sans plomb WO2000022182A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98953071A EP1045041B1 (fr) 1998-10-12 1998-11-16 Alliage de cuivre de decolletage sans plomb
DE69832097T DE69832097T2 (de) 1998-10-12 1998-11-16 Bleifreie automatenkupferlegierung
AU10541/99A AU744335B2 (en) 1998-10-12 1998-11-16 Leadless free-cutting copper alloy
KR1020007006434A KR100352213B1 (ko) 1998-10-12 1998-11-16 무연 쾌삭성 동합금
CA002314144A CA2314144C (fr) 1998-10-12 1998-11-16 Alliage de cuivre de decolletage sans plomb
US09/987,173 US6413330B1 (en) 1998-10-12 2001-11-13 Lead-free free-cutting copper alloys

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP28859098A JP3734372B2 (ja) 1998-10-12 1998-10-12 無鉛快削性銅合金
JP10/288590 1998-10-12

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DE (4) DE69832097T2 (fr)
TW (1) TW421674B (fr)
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TW421674B (en) 2001-02-11
EP1600517A3 (fr) 2005-12-14
EP1600515A2 (fr) 2005-11-30
EP1559802B1 (fr) 2014-01-15
EP1600517B1 (fr) 2009-02-18
EP1600516B1 (fr) 2007-07-18
DE69838115T2 (de) 2008-04-10
JP2000119775A (ja) 2000-04-25
EP1600515A3 (fr) 2005-12-14
EP1559802A1 (fr) 2005-08-03
KR20010033073A (ko) 2001-04-25
JP3734372B2 (ja) 2006-01-11
EP1045041A4 (fr) 2003-05-07
EP1045041A1 (fr) 2000-10-18
CA2314144A1 (fr) 2000-04-20
AU1054199A (en) 2000-05-01
KR100352213B1 (ko) 2002-09-12
DE69832097T2 (de) 2006-07-06
DE69839830D1 (de) 2008-09-11
DE69840585D1 (de) 2009-04-02
EP1600515B1 (fr) 2008-07-30
EP1045041B1 (fr) 2005-10-26
EP1600515B8 (fr) 2008-10-15
DE69838115D1 (de) 2007-08-30
EP1600516A2 (fr) 2005-11-30
AU744335B2 (en) 2002-02-21
EP1600517A2 (fr) 2005-11-30
DE69832097D1 (de) 2005-12-01
CA2314144C (fr) 2006-08-22

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