WO2000002688A1 - Verfahren zum optimieren der öffnungsrate von stahlgiesspfannen - Google Patents
Verfahren zum optimieren der öffnungsrate von stahlgiesspfannen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000002688A1 WO2000002688A1 PCT/EP1999/004671 EP9904671W WO0002688A1 WO 2000002688 A1 WO2000002688 A1 WO 2000002688A1 EP 9904671 W EP9904671 W EP 9904671W WO 0002688 A1 WO0002688 A1 WO 0002688A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- filling
- slide
- pouring channel
- pouring
- determined
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/44—Consumable closure means, i.e. closure means being used only once
- B22D41/46—Refractory plugging masses
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for preparing the pouring channel of a steel ladle, which can be closed at its lower end by a slide, for a new casting process, the pouring channel above the slide located in the closed position being filled with a free-flowing slide filling compound by means of a fill tube that can be positioned above the pouring channel, and above the pouring channel an accumulation of this slide filling compound is poured on.
- the pusher filler used has the property of sintering together on contact with the molten metal on the surface of the accumulation and thus forming a dome-shaped shell on which the static pressure of the molten metal rests and which on the other side by the free-flowing slide filling compound is supported.
- this mass flows out of the pouring channel, whereupon the sintered dome collapses under the pressure of the melt and the pouring process is initiated (self-opening).
- the requirements for a functional slide opening system for steel ladles have increased even more that the final chemical composition of a steel melt is adjusted in the steel ladle according to the methods of secondary metallurgy.
- the steel ladle is filled with crude steel at around 1700 ° C regardless of the final casting temperature.
- the final alloy, the treatment of the steel and the heating and cooling of the Steel to achieve the specified casting temperature takes place in the steel ladle.
- This treatment method increases the length of time the steel stays in the steel ladle from around 15 minutes in the past to around 1.5 to 2 hours today, in extreme cases even up to 8 hours at temperatures of up to 1840 ° C. This long residence time of the steel in the ladle does not have an impact on the dome-forming filling of the pouring channel with slide filling compound.
- the object of the invention is to improve the automatic opening rate of the pouring systems of steel ladles.
- Steel ladles are provided with a refractory lining, which can have a thickness of approximately 1 m, especially in the bottom area of the ladle when new.
- This fireproof lining is significant Subject to wear. It is often only renewed when it has decreased to about 1/3 of its thickness.
- the so-called perforated brick which contains the pouring channel, and on the underside of which the slide system for closing and opening the pouring channel is arranged, is positioned in this bottom lining of the ladle.
- This perforated brick the top of which is usually slightly below the refractory lining surrounding the ladle, is also subject to considerable wear during the course of the pouring processes, so that the vertical length of the pouring channel decreases with increasing use of the ladle.
- the pouring channel generally has a funnel-shaped design in the upper area and a cylindrical design in the lower area.
- the height of the funnel-shaped section of the pouring channel decreases. This changes not only the distance between the inlet cross section of the pouring channel and a filling tube that can only be positioned at a fixed height above the pouring channel, but also the amount of slide filling compound that is required to fill the pouring channel. The invention takes these circumstances into account.
- Another problem is that the optimal position of the fill tube, the exit end of which depends on many conditions with respect to the pouring spout, and can vary from pan to pan.
- the optimal position of the filling pipe must therefore first be determined.
- the stated object is achieved in the most general form according to the invention in that, in a method according to the preamble of claim 1, before metering the slide filling mass by contactless detection, the position of the outlet opening of the filling tube in a horizontal plane with respect to the axis of the pouring channel and, if appropriate, the shape the outlet end of the filling pipe is determined. According to the invention, only the position of the outlet opening of the filling tube in a horizontal plane with respect to the axis of the pouring channel and, if necessary, the shape of the outlet end of the filling tube are thus initially detected. Based on these values, statistics about the self-opening rate depending on the position and possibly the shape can then be created.
- a raster camera and an image analysis are used as the contact-free measuring system for the detection of the position and, if appropriate, the shape of the outlet end of the filling tube.
- This image can expediently be stored together with a Boolean value as to whether the pouring channel has opened after the sprue has taken place.
- a "map" of the self-opening rate as a function of the position of the outlet opening of the filling tube in a horizontal plane with respect to the axis of the pouring spout can thus be created by means of a computer. As soon as sufficient values are available for creating a "map", the system operator can then always drive the filling pipe or its pouring channel in a range of 100% or close to 100% self-opening rate.
- the positioning of the outlet end of the filling tube is preferably carried out fully automatically. Automatic drive means may be used for this purpose.
- the above measures are also important due to the prevailing temperature conditions.
- These temperature conditions mean that the filling tube for the slide filling compound is subjected to deformation influences, so that after a certain time its outlet opening no longer coincides with the original axis of the filling tube.
- the outlet end of the filling tube can bend, so that its outlet opening is not only outside the actual axis of the filling tube and thus outside the axis of the pouring channel, by bending the filling tube it can also happen that the direction of the outlet opening changes slightly.
- an image of the cone of the filled slide filling compound can also be generated and stored with the raster camera. The state of the cone can be used in conjunction with the position and possibly shape of the filler tube or even to set up a database on the self-opening rate.
- the invention therefore provides, in a further preferred, independently conceivable embodiment, that the continuity of the pouring channel is checked before it is filled with slide filling compound and the filling process is made dependent on the control result. This check is also carried out with a raster camera and image analysis. The same camera installed above the ladle can be used, which also checks the shape and positioning of the end of the filling tube.
- Such a camera can also be used to check the shape of the accumulation of the slide filling compound over the pouring spout and to record further operating parameters, from which further conclusions can be drawn in connection with the opening result for optimal preparation of the pouring spout.
- the amount of slide filler mass can also be adapted to the changed volume of the pouring channel and metered in such a way that a certain amount of slide filler mass is nevertheless used for its accumulation above the pouring channel.
- the determination of the respective height of the inlet cross section of the pouring channel is expediently carried out using a laser distance measuring device which is attached in a fixed position above the ladle. This type of measurement avoids the difficulties of access to the ladle due to the high temperatures prevailing there.
- the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a system for carrying out a method with the features of the invention
- FIG. 2 shows the image of a raster camera of the perforated stone environment
- Figure 3 shows the image of Figure 2 on a screen for one
- FIG. 4 the image of the raster camera of the perforated stone environment with a roughly positioned filling tube
- FIG. 5 the image of a raster camera with a precisely positioned filling tube
- FIG. 6 shows the image of the raster camera according to FIG. 5 on the screen of the system operator
- FIG. 7 shows the image of the raster camera of the perforated stone environment with poured sand
- FIG. 8 shows the image according to FIG. 7 on the screen of the system operator
- FIG. 9 shows a schematic illustration of a laser beam
- FIG. 1 shows a ladle 11 carried by a movable ladle wagon 10.
- a perforated brick 12, which has a pouring opening 13, is embedded in the ladle or in the lining thereof.
- the pouring opening can be closed by means of a slide 14.
- the pouring opening 13 is still filled with filling compound 27 in the usual manner.
- a conventional filling pipe 15 is used, the outlet end 16 of which is positioned above the perforated brick.
- the filling tube 15 is a Dosage 17, namely fed a differential weight scale, which takes the filling mass 27 out of a storage container 18.
- a digital camera 19 is provided, which is installed approximately 1.5 to 2 m above the upper edge of the ladle 11.
- the camera 19 is aligned vertically above the perforated brick 12.
- a laser distance measuring device 20 is attached.
- the camera 19 and the laser distance measuring device 20 would then be supplied with power from a power supply unit 21.
- the laser distance measuring device 20 and the camera 19 are connected to a water or air cooling system 22, depending on the conditions prevailing in the steel mill.
- An evaluation device 23 is accommodated in a dry and dust-protected room. This consists of two computers (PCs) with two monitors that are connected via a network and, if possible, with the database of the steel mill. A PC is also equipped with a modem or an ISDN card, a digital I / O card and a frame grabber card. An image processing program is also installed on this PC.
- the camera 19 is connected to the frame grabber of the evaluation unit 23 via lines 24 for image transmission.
- the laser distance measuring device 20 is connected to the digital I-O connection of the evaluation unit 23 via other phases of the same line 24 for the transmission of measurement data.
- trigger lines 25 are laid between the digital I / O card of the evaluation unit 23 and the system controller 26 of the filling.
- the filling process is triggered by moving the empty ladle 11 in the ladle carriage 10 to the end position for filling with slide filling compound 27.
- the end position is determined by limit switches or laser distance measurement using the laser distance measuring device 20.
- the end position is reached when the depth determined by the laser distance measurement increases suddenly; in other words: the end position is reached when the emitted laser beam falls into the pouring opening 13.
- Reaching the end position is transmitted to the system controller 26 via the trigger line 25.
- the drive of the ladle car 10 receives an impulse and triggers the stopping of the car 10.
- the camera 19 mounted above the ladle 11 records this process and transmits the images (FIGS. 1, 2) online via the lines 24 to the evaluation unit 23.
- the system operator follows this process online via the expansion unit 23 using the one shown to him there Image ( Figure 2).
- a trigger is triggered and transmitted to the digital I / O card of the evaluation unit 23 via the trigger line 25.
- An internal signal from the digital I / O card on the frame grabber saves a snapshot of the pan base with perforated brick 12 (image according to FIG. 1) and displays it on the monitor of evaluation unit 23 (image according to FIG. 2).
- the system operator can check the condition of the perforated brick 12 on-line on the monitor of the evaluation unit 23. Any contamination by slag, mortar or the like in the pouring channel 13 can be determined and the ladle 10 can be replaced or cleaned.
- the software performs an image analysis on the evaluation unit 23.
- the Software uses the image data to determine the optimal position of the position of the filling tube 14 for the next filling step.
- the system operator manually confirms a switch for lowering the filling tube 15 on the system controller 26.
- the filling tube 15 is automatically lowered into the ladle 11 by a motor drive. If the lowest point is reached (Z direction), a trigger is triggered by a limit switch and transmitted to the digital I / O card of the evaluation unit 23 via trigger lines 25.
- An internal signal from the digital I / O card on the frame grabber saves a snapshot of the filling tube in the pan at the lowest point (FIG. 3) and displays it on the monitor of the evaluation unit (FIG. 4). Problems that arise can be identified and corrected online.
- the data determined by the laser distance measurement by means of laser distance measuring device 20 and the image evaluation are transferred to the controller 26 of the filling process.
- the filling tube 15 is automatically positioned by the motor drive to the determined end position X, Y, Z direction.
- the quantities of slide filling compound 27 required for filling depend on the one hand on the steel quality (treatment time, process technology or the like) and on the other hand on the wear of the pan lining or perforated brick 12. This quantity is automatically obtained from the database of the steelworks and that with the laser distance measuring device 20 coupled image evaluation determined.
- a switch for filling the ladle 11 with slide filling compound 27 is actuated manually by the plant operator. This triggers a trigger and transmits it via trigger lines 25 to the digital I / O card of the evaluation unit 23.
- An internal signal from the digital I / O card on the frame grabber provides a snapshot of the aligned filling tube 15 in the ladle 11 stored ( Figure 5) and displayed on the monitor of the evaluation unit 23 ( Figure 6). Problems that arise can be recognized online and corrected if necessary.
- the determined amount of slide filling compound 27 is weighed via the dosage 17, in this case the differential balance, and filled into the pouring channel 13 through the filling pipe 15.
- the filling pipe 15 is automatically moved slowly upwards in order to ensure a uniform distance between the height of the filled slide filling compound 27 and the outlet end 16 of the filling pipe 15. This is controlled via the laser distance measurement by means of the laser distance measuring device 20.
- the filling pipe 15 is moved out of the ladle 11 by the operator by actuating a switch on the system controller 26 via a motor drive. This triggers a delayed trigger. The time delay is switched so that the filling tube 15 is no longer visible on the monitor of the evaluation unit 23 and the ladle 10 is not yet moved.
- An internal signal of the digital I / O card is transferred to the frame grabber by the triggered trigger and a snapshot of the slide filling mass cone of the filled ladle 11 is stored (FIG. 7) and displayed on the monitor of the evaluation unit 23 (FIG. 8). Problems that occur can in turn be recognized online and corrected if necessary.
- the laser distance measurement by means of the laser distance measuring device 20 is shown schematically in FIG. 9.
- An electronic pulse generator controls a semiconductor diode laser periodically. This then emits short infrared light pulses, which are bundled by the transmission optics. over a receiving optical system passes some of these signals reflected by the target to a photodiode, which delivers a corresponding received signal.
- An evaluation device now measures the time interval between the transmit and receive pulse.
- the laser distance measurement therefore works on the principle of the echo sounder.
- the time interval is counted with a quartz-stabilized clock frequency and the calculated distance value is fed to the device-internal microcomputer, which carries out the further processing of the measured values for the data output.
- a serial output supplies the measured distance value as well as status and fault messages via line 24 to the evaluation unit 23.
- the most important parameters of the device are set via a serial input and are also transferred to the evaluation unit 23. These are:
- Measuring time measured value resolution, measured value reference level and the like, serial transmission format,
- Type of measured value processing program average height of the pan base, so that it is ensured that the filling tube 15 is always the same distance from the
- the measured values are stored in a database of the evaluation unit 23.
- the image evaluation is described in more detail below:
- the stored images are evaluated online using self-learning software.
- the X, Y coordinates of the center point of the perforated brick 12, the outlet end 16, the filler pipe 15 and the slider filler mass stain are then continuously determined with each filling operation and stored in a database.
- the diameter of the slider filling cone in the ladle 11 is determined and also stored in the database.
- a boolean value is assigned to each frame rate for each filling process, whether or not there was self-opening in the subsequent sprue.
- the position of the filling tube 15 above the perforated brick 12 or its pouring opening 13 is continuously adjusted so that it lies in the range of the optimum of the opening rate, that is to say the maximum value of the opening rate above the position.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19981284T DE19981284D2 (de) | 1998-07-07 | 1999-07-06 | Verfahren zum Optimieren der Öffnungsrate von Stahlgießpfannen |
AU49073/99A AU4907399A (en) | 1998-07-07 | 1999-07-06 | Method for optimising the opening rate of steel-casting ladles |
EP99932822A EP1017523A1 (de) | 1998-07-07 | 1999-07-06 | Verfahren zum optimieren der öffnungsrate von stahlgiesspfannen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19830265.7 | 1998-07-07 | ||
DE1998130265 DE19830265A1 (de) | 1998-07-07 | 1998-07-07 | Verfahren zum Optimieren der Öffnungsrate von Stahlgießpfannen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000002688A1 true WO2000002688A1 (de) | 2000-01-20 |
Family
ID=7873194
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1999/004671 WO2000002688A1 (de) | 1998-07-07 | 1999-07-06 | Verfahren zum optimieren der öffnungsrate von stahlgiesspfannen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1017523A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU4907399A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19830265A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000002688A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111715873A (zh) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-29 | 山东鑫华特钢集团有限公司 | 一种漏斗式引流砂加入装置 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2407261B1 (de) * | 2010-07-16 | 2016-04-20 | Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH | Verfahren zur automatischen Lageerkennung eines Ausgusses eines metallurgischen Gefäßes |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0337742A2 (de) * | 1988-04-12 | 1989-10-18 | Foseco International Limited | Handhabung von Giesspfannen für flüssiges Metall |
JPH0293013A (ja) * | 1988-09-30 | 1990-04-03 | Nkk Corp | 転炉炉内プロフィル測定方法 |
JPH05340881A (ja) * | 1992-06-04 | 1993-12-24 | Nippon Steel Corp | 補修のための耐火物劣化状況判定方法 |
JPH06182527A (ja) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-07-05 | Toa Steel Co Ltd | 取鍋のスライディングノズル孔への詰物充填装置 |
JPH08103863A (ja) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-04-23 | Nkk Corp | 溶融金属収容容器のノズル内に対する充填材の投入装置 |
-
1998
- 1998-07-07 DE DE1998130265 patent/DE19830265A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-07-06 EP EP99932822A patent/EP1017523A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-07-06 DE DE19981284T patent/DE19981284D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-07-06 WO PCT/EP1999/004671 patent/WO2000002688A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-07-06 AU AU49073/99A patent/AU4907399A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0337742A2 (de) * | 1988-04-12 | 1989-10-18 | Foseco International Limited | Handhabung von Giesspfannen für flüssiges Metall |
JPH0293013A (ja) * | 1988-09-30 | 1990-04-03 | Nkk Corp | 転炉炉内プロフィル測定方法 |
JPH05340881A (ja) * | 1992-06-04 | 1993-12-24 | Nippon Steel Corp | 補修のための耐火物劣化状況判定方法 |
JPH06182527A (ja) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-07-05 | Toa Steel Co Ltd | 取鍋のスライディングノズル孔への詰物充填装置 |
JPH08103863A (ja) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-04-23 | Nkk Corp | 溶融金属収容容器のノズル内に対する充填材の投入装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 294 (C - 0732) 26 June 1990 (1990-06-26) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 175 (P - 1716) 24 March 1994 (1994-03-24) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 524 (M - 1682) 4 October 1994 (1994-10-04) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 096, no. 008 30 August 1996 (1996-08-30) * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111715873A (zh) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-29 | 山东鑫华特钢集团有限公司 | 一种漏斗式引流砂加入装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19830265A1 (de) | 2000-01-13 |
EP1017523A1 (de) | 2000-07-12 |
DE19981284D2 (de) | 2001-08-30 |
AU4907399A (en) | 2000-02-01 |
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