WO1999065108A1 - Antenne radio - Google Patents
Antenne radio Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999065108A1 WO1999065108A1 PCT/JP1999/003059 JP9903059W WO9965108A1 WO 1999065108 A1 WO1999065108 A1 WO 1999065108A1 JP 9903059 W JP9903059 W JP 9903059W WO 9965108 A1 WO9965108 A1 WO 9965108A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- impedance
- wireless
- load impedance
- value
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/22—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of a single substantially straight conductive element
- H01Q19/26—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of a single substantially straight conductive element the primary active element being end-fed and elongated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
- H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
- H01Q1/244—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas extendable from a housing along a given path
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
- H01Q19/32—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements the primary active element being end-fed and elongated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless antenna device, and more particularly, to a wireless antenna device used in mobile communication such as a mobile phone and a car phone.
- FIG. 17 shows a radio apparatus equipped with this kind of conventionally known radio antenna apparatus, in which an antenna and a part related thereto are modeled.
- an external antenna 602 such as a whip antenna or a helical antenna
- a built-in antenna 603 such as a planar antenna
- a feeder line 604, 6 05 a transmission / reception unit 606 including a transmission / reception unit
- a microphone 609 connected to the transmission / reception unit 606.
- the external antenna 602 and the built-in antenna 603 are provided close to each other so as to be electromagnetically coupled to each other, and constitute a reception space selection diversity antenna.
- the external antenna 602 is provided so as to be electrically insulated from the radio housing 601, while a predetermined point of the built-in antenna 603 is connected via a short-circuit line 603 a. And is grounded to the wireless device housing 61 to form an inverted F-type antenna.
- the switch 607 When power is supplied to the external antenna 602, the switch 607 is turned on, and the external antenna 602 is connected to the transmitting / receiving section 606 in the radio housing 601 via the feeder 604. Connected to. At this time, switch 608 is turned off and the built-in antenna
- the power supply line 605 connected to 603 is disconnected from the transmission / reception unit 606.
- the switch 608 is turned on, and the built-in antenna 603 is connected to the transmitting / receiving unit 606 via a feeder line 605.
- the switch 607 is turned off, and the power supply line 604 connected to the external antenna 602 is disconnected from the transmission / reception unit 606.
- the external antenna 602 and the built-in antenna 603 are designed so that the gain mainly in free space is high, and the horizontal plane
- the directional characteristics are uniform in the Xy plane direction centering on the external antenna 602 and the built-in antenna 603. That is, as shown in Figure 17
- the orthogonal coordinates are set such that the z-axis direction matches the axial direction of the external antenna 602 and the X-axis direction matches the normal direction of the internal antenna 603,
- the horizontal directional characteristics of the antenna in the free space of this radio are shown in Fig.
- the microphone 108 is provided below the wireless device housing 101 on the side of the hop antenna 102 in the X-axis direction.
- the wireless antenna device of the related art since the wireless antenna device of the related art has an anhydrous planar directional characteristic having the same horizontal directional characteristic in the xy plane direction, the wireless antenna device near the wireless device including the wireless antenna device of the related art during communication is used.
- the wireless antenna device near the wireless device including the wireless antenna device of the related art during communication is used.
- an obstacle such as a human head approaching the microphone 609, there is a problem that the obstacle interferes with the electric wave and deteriorates the gain.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to reduce the radio wave interference by an obstacle by changing the horizontal directional characteristic of the antenna to a direction not obstructed by an obstacle, thereby improving the radiation efficiency.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device.
- the wireless antenna device includes an antenna element and is connected to a transmission / reception unit of a wireless device.
- a parasitic element provided close to the antenna element so as to be electromagnetically coupled to each other;
- a load impedance element connected to the parasitic element and capable of changing an impedance value
- the antenna is connected between the antenna element and the transmitting / receiving section of the wireless device, and matches the impedance of the antenna element with the impedance of the transmitting / receiving section of the wireless device. It further comprises an impedance matching circuit.
- the wireless antenna device of the present invention in the wireless antenna device connected to the transmitting / receiving unit of the wireless device, Space-selective divers installed in close proximity to each other for electromagnetic coupling
- At least two first and second antenna elements forming a tena
- a load impedance element capable of changing the impedance value, connecting one of the first and second antenna elements to the transmitting / receiving section of the radio, and connecting the other antenna element to the First switching means for selectively switching to be connected to the load impedance element;
- the antenna device is connected between the first or second antenna element connected to the transmitting / receiving unit of the wireless device and the transmitting / receiving unit of the wireless device, and the impedance of the antenna element and the wireless device And an impedance matching circuit that matches the impedance of the transmitting / receiving section.
- control means changes a correlation coefficient between the first antenna and the second antenna by changing a value of the load impedance element. It is characterized by making it.
- the first and second antennas are each preferably at least one of a whip antenna and a helical antenna and a planar antenna.
- control means preferably selectively changes a value of the load impedance element during a standby time of the transmitting / receiving unit of the wireless device and during a call. It is characterized by changing the directional characteristics of the element.
- the wireless antenna device further includes first detection means for detecting the intensity of a received signal in a transmission / reception unit of the wireless device,
- the control means changes the value of the load impedance element according to the strength of the reception signal detected by the first detection means during standby of the transmission / reception unit of the wireless device, thereby changing the value of the antenna element. It is characterized by changing directional characteristics.
- the load impedance element is preferably More preferably, it is characterized by having a variable impedance element.
- the load impedance element preferably includes a reactance element.
- the load impedance element is preferably
- a plurality of impedance elements A plurality of impedance elements
- Second switching means for selectively switching the plurality of impedance elements, wherein the control means controls the switching of the second switching means to change the value of the load impedance element.
- the impedance matching circuit is preferably
- a plurality of impedance matching circuit units are provided.
- a third switching unit for selectively switching the plurality of impedance matching circuit units.
- the wireless antenna device preferably further includes a second detection unit that detects power supplied to the antenna element,
- the control means controls the impedance matching circuit so that the feed power detected by the second detection means is maximized, thereby controlling the impedance of the antenna element and the transmission / reception of the radio device.
- the feature is to match the impedance of the part.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a wireless device including a wireless antenna device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a wireless device including a wireless antenna device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a wireless device including a wireless antenna device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and illustrating a state when an antenna unit is extended.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a state where the antenna unit is shortened in the wireless device of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a first modified example when the load impedance element of FIG. 1 is configured by a variable capacitor.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a second modified example when the load impedance element of FIG. 1 is configured by a variable capacitance diode.
- Fig. 7 shows the case where the load impedance element of Fig. 1 is composed of a variable inductor.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a fourth modification when the load impedance element of FIG. 1 is configured by a circuit that switches three capacitors having different capacitances from each other.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a fifth modified example when the load impedance element of FIG. 1 is configured by a circuit that switches three inductors having mutually different inductances by switches.
- FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a first modification of the impedance matching circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a second modification of the impedance matching circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a third modification of the impedance matching circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a horizontal plane directivity characteristic of the wireless antenna device of FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.
- FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a first modification of the impedance matching circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a second modification of the impedance matching circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a third modification of the impedance matching circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a horizontal plane directivity characteristic of the wireless antenna device of FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating another example of the horizontal directivity of the wireless antenna device of FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating another example of the horizontal directivity of the wireless antenna device of FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating another example of the horizontal directivity of the wireless antenna device of FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing a change in a correlation coefficient between two antennas constituting the space selection diversity antenna with respect to a reactance component of the load impedance element in the case of the space selection diversity antenna of FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a wireless device including a wireless antenna device according to the related art.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of the horizontal directivity of the wireless antenna device of FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows a wireless device including a wireless antenna device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which an antenna and a portion related thereto are modeled.
- a wireless device housing 101 includes a whip antenna 102, a parasitic element 103, a load impedance element 104, a feeder line 105, and a transceiver including a transceiver.
- Unit 106 Impedance matching circuit 107, microphone 108 connected to transmitting / receiving unit 106, and controller 109 connected to transmitting / receiving unit 106 and load impedance element 104. It is configured with. Note that the microphone 108 is provided on the whip antenna 102 side in the X-axis direction in FIG. 1 and below the wireless device housing 101.
- the whip antenna 102 and the parasitic element 103 which is a planar antenna, are provided so as to be electromagnetically coupled to each other and electrically insulated from the radio housing 101.
- a predetermined point of the parasitic element 103 is connected to the wireless device housing 1 via a short-circuit line (not shown). 01 may be grounded to form an inverted-F antenna.
- the whip antenna 102 is connected to the transmission / reception unit 106 in the wireless device casing 101 via a feeder line 105 and an impedance matching circuit 107.
- the parasitic element 103 is grounded to the radio housing 101 via the load impedance element 104.
- the impedance matching circuit 107 is a circuit for matching the impedance of the whip antenna 102 with the impedance of the transmitting and receiving unit 106. Specifically, for example, the impedance matching circuit 107 shown in FIGS. It consists of one circuit.
- the impedance matching circuit 107 shown in FIG. 10 is configured as an L-shaped circuit including an inductor 141 and a variable capacitor 144 which is a variable capacitor or a trimmer capacitor and has one terminal grounded.
- the power supply power detector 145 detects the power supplied to the whip antenna 102 from the transmitter / receiver 106 via the impedance matching circuit 107, and outputs the power to the controller 109.
- the controller 109 changes the impedance of the whip antenna 102 and the transmission / reception section by changing the capacitance of the variable capacitor 144 so that the detected power supply becomes the maximum. Match the impedance of 106.
- the impedance matching circuit 107 shown in FIG. 11 is different from the impedance matching circuit 107 shown in FIG.
- variable capacitance capacitor 142 is added to the variable capacitance diode 144 and the variable capacitance diode 144.
- the controller 109 changes the reverse bias voltage Vb of the variable voltage DC power supply 144 so that the detected power supply becomes the maximum, thereby changing the capacitance of the variable capacitor 144.
- the impedance of the whip antenna 102 and the impedance of the transmitting / receiving section 106 are matched.
- the impedance matching circuit 107 in FIG. 12 has three L-shaped circuits 18 1 and 18 2 each having the configuration of the impedance matching circuit in FIG. 10 and having different output impedances on the antenna 102 side. , 183, and switches 151, 152 for selectively interlocking and switching these three L-shaped circuits.
- the L-type circuit 18 1 is configured by an L-type circuit including an inductor 16 1 having an inductance L 11 and a capacitor 17 1 having a capacitance C 11.
- the L-type circuit 18 2 is configured by an L-type circuit including an inductor 16 2 having an inductance L 12 and a capacitor 17 2 having a capacitance C 12.
- the L-shaped circuit 18 3 is configured by an L-shaped circuit including an inductor 16 3 having an inductance L 13 and a capacitor 17 3 having a capacitance C 13.
- the controller 109 selectively switches the switches 15 1 and 15 2 in conjunction with each other so that the detected power supply becomes the maximum, thereby controlling the impedance of the whip antenna 102.
- the impedance of the transmission / reception unit 106 is substantially matched.
- the load impedance element 104 preferably comprises a reactance component.
- the electrical length of the parasitic element 103 including the load impedance element 104 is changed to the electrical length of the whip antenna 102. It changes the horizontal plane directivity by changing it compared to the electrical length.
- the variable capacitance capacitor 110 in FIG. may be configured as follows.
- the load impedance element 104 is a variable voltage DC power supply 1 1 that applies a reverse bias voltage Vb to the variable capacitance diode 1 1 1 and the variable capacitance diode 1 1 1 It is composed of two parallel circuits.
- the controller 109 changes the capacitance of the variable capacitance diode 111 by changing the reverse bias voltage Vb of the variable voltage DC power supply 112, and as described later in detail, Change the directional characteristics.
- capacitors 121, 122, and 123 having one terminal grounded and having different capacitances C1, C2, and C3 are connected to the controller 109. Based on this control, the value of the capacitance is changed by selectively switching with the switch 120 to change the horizontal plane directivity as described later in detail.
- one end of the load impedance element 104 is grounded.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and may be in an open state.
- the whip antenna 102 changes its directional characteristic in the horizontal plane depending on the electromagnetic coupling state with the parasitic element 103. That is, the parasitic element 103 functions as a director or a reflector for the whip antenna 102 depending on the value of the load impedance element 104 connected thereto.
- the load impedance element 104 has a relatively large capacitance, and the electrical length of the parasitic element 103 including the load impedance element 104 is shorter than the electrical length of the whip antenna 102.
- the parasitic element 103 functions as a director, and the radiation increases in the direction of the parasitic element 103.
- the load impedance element 104 is relatively large.
- the parasitic element 103 having a high inductance and including the load impedance element 104 When the parasitic element 103 having a high inductance and including the load impedance element 104 has an electrical length longer than the electrical length of the whip antenna 102, the parasitic element 103 functions as a reflector. The radiation becomes stronger in the direction opposite to the parasitic element 103. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the orthogonal coordinates are set so that the z-axis direction matches the axial direction of the antenna 102 and the X-axis direction matches the normal direction of the parasitic element 103. When set, the horizontal directional characteristics of the antenna 102 in free space are as shown by the thick solid line in FIG. 13 when the parasitic element 103 is acting as a director.
- the parasitic element 103 acts as a reflector, it becomes as shown by the thick solid line in FIG.
- the electrical length of the parasitic element 103 including the load impedance element 104 is substantially the same as the electrical length of the whip antenna 102, the horizontal directional characteristics of the whip antenna 102 Due to the electromagnetic coupling with the element 103, a characteristic close to omnidirectional (substantially almost omnidirectional) as shown in FIG. 15 is exhibited.
- the controller 109 changes the value of the load impedance element 104 when the transmitting / receiving unit 106 of the wireless device is not in a call state but in a standby state only for communication with the base station such as location registration.
- the controller 109 controls the horizontal plane directional characteristic so as to have the directional characteristic as shown in FIG. 15, for example.
- the directional characteristics are controlled such that the directional characteristics are as shown in FIG. 13, for example. In other words, in the latter call state, when the operator's head is located close to the whip antenna 102 in the X-axis direction in the wireless device housing 101, the operator's head is the head of the operator.
- the polarization diversity is also configured by the two antennas 102 and 103 having different polarizations from each other.
- the load impedance element 104 is a capacitor.
- a distributed constant line such as a microstrip line or a coplanar line may be used as the load impedance element.
- a distributed constant line the same effect can be obtained by setting the load impedance element according to the termination condition and the line length.
- the load impedance element 104 can easily change the value of the load impedance element 104 as shown in FIGS. 5 to 9, for example. It is possible to arbitrarily change the directional characteristics of a wireless device including the wireless antenna device of the embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows a wireless device including a wireless antenna device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which an antenna and a portion related thereto are modeled.
- the wireless device according to the second embodiment includes a wireless device housing 201, a whip antenna 202, a plane antenna 203, a load impedance element 204, 205, a feeder line 206, 2 07, transmitting and receiving unit 208 including transceiver, switch 211, 212, 213, impedance matching circuit 211, 222, microphone connected to transmitting and receiving unit 208 50, and a controller 260 connected to the transmitting / receiving section 208 and the load impedance elements 204, 205.
- the microphone 250 is provided on the whip antenna 202 side in the X-axis direction in FIG. 1 and below the wireless device housing 201.
- the whip antenna 202 and the planar antenna 203 are provided so as to be electromagnetically coupled to each other and to be electrically insulated from the radio housing 201.
- a predetermined point of the planar antenna 203 is grounded to the radio housing 201 via a short wire (not shown), and an inverted F-type antenna is connected.
- the whip antenna 202 is connected to the power supply line 206, the contact a of the switch 211, the impedance matching circuit 222, and the contact a of the switch 211 through the contact a of the radio unit housing 201.
- the transmission / reception unit 208, power supply line 206, switch 21 It is grounded to the radio unit casing 201 via the contact b of 1 and the load impedance element 204.
- the planar antenna 203 is grounded via the feed line 207, the contact a of the switch 221 and the load impedance element 205, and the contact b of the feed line 207 and the switch 221 is connected.
- the impedance matching circuit 222 and the contact b of the switch 213 are connected to the transmission / reception unit 208.
- each of the load impedance elements 204 and 205 preferably comprises a reactance component.
- each of the load impedance elements 204 and 205 is shown in one of FIGS.
- the impedance matching circuits 22 1 and 22 2 use, for example, the impedance matching circuits shown in one of FIGS. 10 to 12 similarly to the first embodiment. I do.
- the whip antenna 202 and the planar antenna 203 constituting an inverted F antenna are provided so as to be electromagnetically coupled to each other, and constitute a space-selective diversity antenna.
- the switches 211, 212, 213 are switched to the contact a side under the control of the controller 260, and At this time, whip antenna 202 is connected to transmitting / receiving section 208 via impedance matching circuit 222, and planar antenna 203 is connected to load impedance element 205.
- planar antenna 203 when the planar antenna 203 is supplied with power from the transmission / reception unit 208, the switches 211, 212, 213 are switched to the contact b side under the control of the controller 260.
- the planar antenna 203 is connected to the transmission / reception unit 208 via the impedance matching circuit 222, and the whip antenna 202 is connected to the load impedance element 204.
- the whip antenna 202 when the whip antenna 202 is supplied with power, the whip antenna 202 is supplied with power, the whip antenna 202
- the horizontal directivity changes depending on the state of the electromagnetic coupling with O3.
- the planar antenna 203 functions as a director or a reflector for the whip antenna 202 based on the value of the load impedance element 205.
- the electrical length of the planar antenna 203 including the load impedance element 205 is the whip antenna 200.
- the planar antenna 203 acts as a director, the radiation becomes stronger in the direction of the planar antenna 203 as shown in FIG.
- the electric length of the planar antenna 203 including the load impedance element 205 is longer than the electric length of the whip antenna 202, and the planar antenna 203 works as a reflector, As shown in the figure, the radiation increases in the direction of the whip antenna 202.
- the planar antenna 203 when the planar antenna 203 is supplied with power, the planar antenna 203 changes its horizontal plane directivity depending on the electromagnetic coupling state with the whip antenna 202.
- the whip antenna 202 functions as a director or a reflector for the planar antenna 203 depending on the value of the load impedance element 204.
- the electric length of the whip antenna 202 including the load impedance element 204 is shorter than the electric length of the planar antenna 203, and the whip antenna 202 works as a director, FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the radiation increases in the direction of the whip antenna 202.
- the whip antenna 202 including the load impedance element 204 when the electrical length of the whip antenna 202 including the load impedance element 204 is longer than the electrical length of the planar antenna 203, and the whip antenna 202 works as a reflector, As shown in FIG. 3, the radiation increases in the direction of the planar antenna 203.
- the orthogonal coordinates are set such that the z-axis direction matches the axial direction of the whip antenna 202 and the X-axis direction matches the normal direction of the planar antenna 203.
- the horizontal direction characteristics of the wireless antenna device in free space are the same as those described in the first embodiment. Therefore, even if there is an obstacle close to the radio in the direction in which the radiation is weakened, it is possible to reduce the radio interference caused by such an obstacle, and to reduce the radio wave when the obstacle is close to the radio. Radiation efficiency can be improved.
- the controller 260 sets the value of the load impedance element 204 or 205 when the transceiver unit 208 of the wireless device is not in a call state but in a standby state only for communication with the base station such as location registration.
- the horizontal plane directivity is controlled so as to have a directivity as shown in FIG. 15, for example, while the controller 260 is in a call state with the operator operating the transceiver unit 208 of the radio.
- the horizontal plane ⁇ ⁇ Control so that the directional characteristics shown in 3 are obtained.
- the operator's head when the operator's head is located close to the whip antenna 202 side in the X-axis direction in the wireless device housing 201, the operator's head is the head of the operator. It does not radiate in the direction of obstacles, thereby reducing electromagnetic radiation to the operator and reducing radio interference due to the obstacles.
- FIG. 16 shows two antennas 200, 200 constituting the space selection diversity for the reactance components of the load impedance elements 204, 205 in the case of the space selection diversity antenna of FIG. Shows the change in the correlation coefficient p between the three.
- the correlation coefficient p is expressed by the following equation.
- the term of the exponent in the numerator on the right side of) represents the phase difference of the arriving wave between the antennas 202 and 203.
- the two antennas 202 and 202 form a space-selective diversity antenna.
- the correlation coefficient indicates the degree of overlap of the directional characteristics of the two antennas 202 and 203 as is apparent from the above equation (1).
- the overlap of characteristics becomes large, and the performance as a space selection diversity antenna deteriorates.
- the smaller the correlation coefficient is the smaller the overlap of the directional characteristics becomes, and the performance as a space-selective diversity antenna can be improved.
- a polarization diversity is constituted by two antennas 202 and 203 having different polarizations from each other.
- the whip antenna 202 and the planar antenna 203 are used as the antennas constituting the space selection diversity antenna.
- the present invention is not limited to this. A similar effect can be obtained with a linear antenna, a dielectric chip antenna, or a spiral planar antenna. The same effect can be obtained even when the number of antennas constituting the space selection diversity antenna is further increased.
- the force ′ provided with one non-feeding planar antenna 203 to which the load impedance element 205 is connected is not limited to this.
- two or more parasitic antennas each connected to a load impedance element may be provided.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a wireless device provided with a wireless antenna device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, showing a state when an antenna unit is extended, and FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the state at the time of shortening of an antenna part in a radio
- the radio of the third embodiment is different from the radio of FIG. 2 in the following points.
- an antenna unit 210 including a helical antenna 209 and a whip antenna 202 is provided.
- An antenna position detecting section 233 for detecting whether the antenna section 210 is extended or contracted is further provided.
- the transmission / reception section 208 further includes a reception signal strength detection section 242 for detecting the strength of a reception signal from the base station.
- the antenna unit 210 is composed of a helical antenna 209 and a whip antenna 202 that are electrically insulated from each other and connected in the longitudinal direction.
- the entire surface of the whip antenna 202 in the longitudinal direction is formed of an electric conductor, and the surface of one end of a predetermined length of the helical antenna 209 on the whip antenna 202 side is formed of an electric conductor.
- the surface of the portion excluding the one end is formed of an electric insulator such as a dielectric. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, when the operator is in a call and the antenna unit 210 is extended, the antenna unit 210 is connected to the antenna position detecting unit 241 and faces the surface of the antenna unit 210.
- the two contacts 2 3 2 and 2 3 3 supported so as to be in contact with each other are connected to the electric conductor formed on the surface of the whip antenna 202, and the contacts 2 3 2 and 2 3 3 are short-circuited.
- the contact 2 31 is connected to one end of the whip antenna 202, and the whip antenna 202 is connected to the transmitting / receiving section 208 via the contact 231, the feeder line 206 and the switch 211.
- the short-circuit state between the contacts 2 3 2 and 2 3 3 is detected by the antenna position detection section 2 41, and the detection signal is output to the controller 260.
- the controller 260 switches, for example, all of the switches 2 1 1, 2 1 2, and 2 13 to contact a, and sets the load impedance element
- the horizontal plane directivity is controlled so as to have the directivity as shown in FIG. 13, for example. That is, in the operator's talking state, when the operator's head is located close to the X-axis direction antenna unit 210 side in the wireless device casing 201, the operator's head It does not radiate in the direction of a certain obstacle, thereby reducing electromagnetic radiation to the operator and reducing radio interference caused by the obstacle.
- the antenna position detection unit when the operator is not in a call and is in a standby state in which communication with the base station such as position registration is in progress and the antenna unit 210 is shortened, the antenna position detection unit
- the contact 2 3 3 connected to 2 4 1 1 contacts the electrical conductor formed on the surface of the helical antenna 2 9, but the contact 2 3 2 forms the electrical insulation formed on the surface of the helical antenna 2 9 Contact body.
- the contact 2 31 is connected to one end of the helical antenna 209, and the helical antenna 209 is connected to the transmission / reception unit 208 via the contact 231, the feed line 206 and the switch 211. Connected.
- the contact points 2332 and 233 are brought into a non-conducting state, and the antenna position detecting section 241 detects this, and outputs a detection signal to the controller 260.
- the controller 260 for example, switches the switches 211, 212, and 213 together to the contact a, and changes the value of the load impedance element 205 to show the horizontal plane directional characteristics. Control is performed so that the directional characteristics shown in 15 are obtained.
- the control of the controller 260 is also required. And switches the switches 2 1 1, 2 1 2, 2 13 to the contact b side, and controls the horizontal directional characteristics by changing the value of the load impedance element 204 connected to the whip antenna 202 .
- the reception signal strength detection unit 208 detects the intensity of the received signal from the base station by detecting, for example, the AGC current of the intermediate frequency amplifier of the receiver in the transmitting / receiving section 208, and sends the detected signal to the controller 260. Output.
- the controller 260 changes the value of the load impedance element 205 according to the strength of the received signal, for example, while switching the switches 211, 212, and 213 together to the contact a. Thereby, the horizontal plane directivity is controlled to have the directivity as shown in FIG. 13 or FIG.
- the controller 260 changes the value of the load impedance element 205 so that the intensity of the received signal is maximized, for example, so that the direction of the main beam in the horizontal directivity of the antenna unit 210 is changed. Is controlled to be directed substantially toward the base station.
- the wireless antenna apparatus in a wireless antenna device including an antenna element and connected to a transmitting / receiving section of a wireless device, the wireless antenna apparatus is electromagnetically coupled to the antenna element. And a load impedance element connected to the parasitic element and capable of changing the impedance value, and changing the impedance value of the load impedance element. Control means for changing the directional characteristics of the antenna element.
- the parasitic element functions as a director or a reflector for the antenna depending on the value of the load impedance element connected thereto, and when the parasitic element functions as a director, When the parasitic element functions as a reflector, the radiation increases in the direction opposite to the parasitic element, so that the value of the load impedance element is changed.
- the directional characteristics of the wireless antenna device can be controlled. Therefore, when there is an obstacle nearby, the radiation in that direction is reduced to reduce the interference caused by the obstacle, Radiation efficiency can be improved.
- the wireless antenna devices are provided close to each other so as to be electromagnetically coupled to each other and constitute a space-selective diversity antenna.
- First switching means for selectively switching the other antenna element to be connected to the load impedance element while being connected to the transmission / reception unit; and changing the impedance value of the load impedance element by changing the impedance value of the load impedance element.
- Control means for changing the directional characteristics.
- the other non-feeding antenna electrically separated from the transmitting / receiving section is provided with a director or a reflector for one of the antennas connected to the transmitting / receiving section, depending on the value of the load impedance element connected thereto.
- the other parasitic antenna functions as a director
- the radiation increases in the direction of the other parasitic antenna
- the other parasitic antenna functions as a reflector.
- radiation becomes stronger in the direction opposite to that of the other non-feed antenna, so that the directional characteristics of the wireless antenna device can be controlled by changing the load impedance element. Therefore, when there is an obstacle nearby, radiation in that direction can be reduced to reduce radio interference caused by the obstacle, and radiation efficiency can be improved.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Support Of Aerials (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE69928074T DE69928074T2 (de) | 1998-06-10 | 1999-06-08 | Funkantenne |
EP99923962A EP1030401B1 (en) | 1998-06-10 | 1999-06-08 | Radio antenna device |
US09/485,417 US6211830B1 (en) | 1998-06-10 | 1999-06-08 | Radio antenna device |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10/162059 | 1998-06-10 | ||
JP16205998 | 1998-06-10 | ||
JP11/88658 | 1999-03-30 | ||
JP8865899 | 1999-03-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999065108A1 true WO1999065108A1 (fr) | 1999-12-16 |
Family
ID=26430012
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1999/003059 WO1999065108A1 (fr) | 1998-06-10 | 1999-06-08 | Antenne radio |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6211830B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1030401B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69928074T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999065108A1 (ja) |
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- 1999-06-08 EP EP99923962A patent/EP1030401B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-08 US US09/485,417 patent/US6211830B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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EP1124280A3 (en) * | 2000-02-09 | 2002-10-30 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Portable radio terminal capable of obtaining good polarization efficiency regardless of position and direction of antenna |
US6701167B2 (en) | 2000-02-09 | 2004-03-02 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Portable radio terminal capable of obtaining good polarization efficiency regardless of position and direction of antenna |
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JP2006229636A (ja) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-31 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 無線機 |
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JP2008061143A (ja) * | 2006-09-01 | 2008-03-13 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 電力線通信システム及び電力線通信方法 |
JP2013247503A (ja) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-12-09 | Panasonic Corp | 携帯無線機 |
JP2014064130A (ja) * | 2012-09-20 | 2014-04-10 | Panasonic Corp | アンテナ装置 |
WO2017029777A1 (ja) * | 2015-08-19 | 2017-02-23 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | アンテナ装置及び信号送受信方法 |
JP2017041730A (ja) * | 2015-08-19 | 2017-02-23 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | アンテナ装置及び信号送受信方法 |
JP2018074240A (ja) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-05-10 | 株式会社デンソーテン | アンテナ装置 |
WO2019026488A1 (ja) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-07 | 株式会社ヨコオ | アンテナ装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6211830B1 (en) | 2001-04-03 |
EP1030401A4 (en) | 2003-02-12 |
EP1030401B1 (en) | 2005-11-02 |
EP1030401A1 (en) | 2000-08-23 |
DE69928074T2 (de) | 2006-08-03 |
DE69928074D1 (de) | 2005-12-08 |
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