WO1999040113A9 - Lipopeptides contenant un fragment de l'interferon et leur utilisation dans des compositions pharmaceutiques - Google Patents
Lipopeptides contenant un fragment de l'interferon et leur utilisation dans des compositions pharmaceutiquesInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999040113A9 WO1999040113A9 PCT/FR1999/000259 FR9900259W WO9940113A9 WO 1999040113 A9 WO1999040113 A9 WO 1999040113A9 FR 9900259 W FR9900259 W FR 9900259W WO 9940113 A9 WO9940113 A9 WO 9940113A9
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- peptide
- epitopes
- lipopeptide
- ifn
- lipopeptides
- Prior art date
Links
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/52—Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
- C07K14/555—Interferons [IFN]
- C07K14/57—IFN-gamma
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/39—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/54—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic compound
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/107—Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles
- A61K9/1075—Microemulsions or submicron emulsions; Preconcentrates or solids thereof; Micelles, e.g. made of phospholipids or block copolymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
- A61K2039/55516—Proteins; Peptides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
- A61K2039/55522—Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
- A61K2039/55555—Liposomes; Vesicles, e.g. nanoparticles; Spheres, e.g. nanospheres; Polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/60—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characteristics by the carrier linked to the antigen
- A61K2039/6018—Lipids, e.g. in lipopeptides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is lipopeptides containing a fragment of interferon- ⁇ , as well as their use in particular as a medicament in the context of the treatment or prevention of pathologies against which interferon- ⁇ is liable to have activity by at least one of its biological effects, or as an immunity adjuvant capable of being used in a vaccine composition to stimulate, orient or redirect the balance of the immune response vis-à-vis 'Any antigen, in particular by promoting the establishment of a type 1 immune response compared to a type 2 response to this antigen.
- cytokines components of cellular immunity
- cytokines of types 1 and 2 characterized respectively by IL-2, IL-12, interferon-gamma (IFN- ⁇ ) and l 'IL-4, IL-5.
- IFN- ⁇ interferon-gamma
- l 'IL-4 interferon-gamma
- IL-5 interferon-gamma
- type 1 immune response is meant the induction of a type 1 cytokine profile.
- type 2 immune response is meant the induction of a type 2 cytokine profile.
- IFN- ⁇ through its pleiotropic activities, plays a key role in establishing the immune balance. Indeed, this cytokine is involved in various immune defense processes, in particular against viruses, bacteria, and protozoan parasites. In addition, it inhibits type 2 cytokines and promotes the establishment of a type 1 response which is often required to fight against certain tumors, and against viral and parasitic infections.
- IFN- ⁇ is a glycoprotein of 133 to 143 amino acids depending on the species, active as a homodimer. It acts on target cells by stimulation of a transmembrane receptor, and this while respecting a species barrier. This species specificity is based on the specific recognition between the external (or extracellular) part of the IFN- ⁇ receptor, and the N-terminal part of the cytokine.
- IFN- ⁇ The association of IFN- ⁇ and its receptor results in a dimerization of the latter and regulates the cytoplasmic association of tyrosine Janus kinase 2
- JAK 2 with the alpha chain of the receptor. This results in trans- and / or autophosphorylation of JAK 1 and JAK2. This represents the first stages of the activation cascade of the signal transduction pathway associated with stimulation by this cytokine, leading to biological activities such as the induction of expression of MHC class II molecules, receptors
- Fc- ⁇ Fc- ⁇ , and adhesion molecules such as VCAM-1.
- This second activation pathway probably occurs after interaction of the C-terminal part of IFN- ⁇ (sequence 95-133 in the case of murine IFN- ⁇ ), with the alpha chain of the IFN receptor - ⁇ .
- This sequence has a species-independent binding site, located at the residue level.
- Another mechanism can be envisaged, which would correspond to intracrine stimulation, during which the cells producing IFN- ⁇ , would be self-stimulated by the IFN- ⁇ produced inside the cell without the need for autocrine activity. via the extracellular part of the cytokine receptor.
- phagocytic cells of the murine P388D1 cell line murine IFN- ⁇ (sequence 95-133) or human (sequence 95-134) peptides for 24 hours at high concentration (100 ⁇ M) can induce expression of the MHC class II receptor.
- the importance of the required concentration can be explained by the low rate of penetration of the peptide through the cell membrane (by a pinocytosis activity of the studied cell), or by an inadequate conformation of the peptide, or by a combination of the two phenomena (Szente et al., 1994).
- Szente identified the structural elements involved in the agonist activity of the C-te ⁇ ninal peptide, and observed that an ⁇ helix comprising the RKRKR motif is essential for attachment to the cytoplasmic domain of the IFN- ⁇ receptor and the induction of biological activity (Szente et al., 1996).
- peptides corresponding to the C-terminal part of the mammalian IFN- ⁇ such as the aforementioned murine or human 95-133 peptides, would be particularly advantageous since it would allow an induction of the activity biological observed in the case of the use of whole IFN- ⁇ , by direct bonding of said peptide to the intracellular receptor of IFN- ⁇ , without passing through the intermediate step of recognition of the extracellular receptor of the latter, while respecting a physiological activation mechanism if one refers to an intracrine activity, and therefore capable of presenting a complete agonist character.
- IFN- ⁇ binds first of all to an extracellular receptor which is specific for a given species. Then, IFN- ⁇ seems to be internalized in the cell, and could react with the intracellular part of said receptor which, as mentioned above, does not seem to be specific for a given species.
- the use of the aforementioned peptides corresponding to the C-terminal part of the mammalian IFN- ⁇ would make it possible to solve this problem of species barrier, and therefore to use a peptide corresponding to the C-terminal part. of the IFN- ⁇ of a determined mammal, within the framework of the treatment of all mammals.
- direct cellular internalization of these peptides thus avoiding the step of recognition of the extracellular receptor, would have the advantage of limiting the residence time of the peptide outside of the cells, and thus of helping to limit the risks of degradation of the latter.
- the low penetration rate of the above-mentioned murine IFN- ⁇ peptide 95-133 observed in vitro in macrophages does not make it possible to envisage a therapeutic use of the above-mentioned peptides, insofar as the main target cells of these peptides, including in particular the antigen presenting cells, or the cells
- T cytotoxic or auxiliary have at best only a pinocytosis activity which can be deduced from the article by Szente et al., 1994, mentioned above, that it is insufficient for rapid and efficient internalization of said peptide.
- the possibility of vectorizing peptides inside living cells by modifying them by a lipid chain has already been the subject of studies.
- the comparison of a series of lipopeptides derived from a pseudosubstrate sequence of Protein Kinase C enabled the inventors to demonstrate that the modification of peptides with a palmitoyl-lysine in N- or C-terminal, leads to obtaining an effective vector for cytoplasmic addressing (Loing et al.,
- the present invention follows from the discovery by the Inventors, of the fact that lipopeptides containing the above-mentioned peptides corresponding to the C-terminal part of the mammalian IFN- ⁇ , makes it possible to penetrate said peptides in cells, independently of phagocytic activity, while retaining their biological activity.
- the experiments carried out by the inventors have shown that it was impossible to observe this biological activity on non-phagocytic cells, when the peptide 95-133 mentioned above is used at the same doses as the lipopeptide comprising this peptide 95-
- the main object of the present invention is therefore to provide new lipopeptide compounds, allowing efficient penetration of peptides corresponding to the C-terminal part of IFN- ⁇ of mammals, into target cells of IFN- ⁇ .
- the present invention makes it possible to have compounds which are agonists of the total or partial activity of lTFN- ⁇ (namely compounds mimicking at least one of the biological or pharmacological activities of lTFN- ⁇ ), and whose activity has has been demonstrated in vivo for the first time by the inventors on animals, said compounds being able to be used in human or animal therapy.
- the present invention also aims to provide new laboratory reagents, as well as new pharmaceutical compositions, comprising the aforementioned lipopeptides.
- the invention also aims to provide new pharmaceutical compositions having the advantage compared to recombinant IFN- ⁇ to have fewer side effects than the latter, in particular since the number of doses of said pharmaceutical compositions is much less than that of IFN- ⁇ , and because the time of action of these compositions is much shorter than that of lTFN- ⁇ .
- compositions of the invention offer the advantage of being able to be stored much longer than the recombinant IFN- ⁇ , and this under clearly less restrictive conditions because they do not fear the break in the cold chain and can therefore as such be stored at room temperature.
- the subject of the invention is any lipopeptide characterized in that it comprises: a peptide part capable of binding to the intracellular part of the IFN- ⁇ receptors, but which cannot bind to the extracellular part of said receptors, said peptide part comprising:
- a steroid group optionally linked to the aforementioned hydrocarbon chain, said lipophilic parts being optionally associated with a short vector peptide (to thus form vector lipopeptide units) comprising one or more ionized functions at physiological pH, and a function allowing covalent attachment of said hydrocarbon chain and / or of said steroid group.
- lipophilic part in what precedes and what follows, one understands any lipophilic molecule, insoluble in water, allowing, when it is linked to the peptide part defined above, a passive intracellular passage of the lipopeptide obtained, thanks hydrophobic properties of said molecule.
- the lipopeptide resulting from the binding of the lipophilic part to the peptide part is soluble in water.
- the hydrocarbon chain of the lipophilic parts is chosen from those of:
- the steroid group of the lipophilic part or parts is chosen from cholesterol derivatives such as cholest-5-enyl-3-oxy acetic acid, or cholest-5-enyl-3-oxycarbonic acid .
- the invention more particularly relates to any lipopeptide as described above, characterized in that the lipophilic part or parts are covalently linked to one or more amino acids of the peptide part.
- the lipophilic part or parts are covalently linked to the ⁇ NH2 or £ H2 function of a lysine located in the N-terminal or C-terminal position of the peptide part, or to the thiol function of a cysteine, or to any amino, alcohol or thiol function optionally added to the peptide with a simple spacer.
- the invention more particularly relates to any lipopeptide as defined above, in which the lipophilic part or parts are represented by a group N a -acetyl-Lysine N ⁇ (palmitoyl) (also designated by the abbreviation Ac-
- the present invention also relates to lipopeptides resulting from a covalent association between a vector lipopeptide motif, as defined above, ensuring vectorization through the cell membrane and a functional motif derived from one of the sequences of the Mammalian LFN- ⁇ mentioned above.
- the vector lipopeptide motif preferably corresponds to a short sequence comprising ionized functions at physiological pH (Arg, Lys, Asp or Glu), and a lipid (or lipophilic) part as described above.
- the covalent association between the vector lipopeptide motif and the functional motif can be an amide bond, or a non-peptide bond resulting from a simple chemical ligation, obtained thanks to the reactivity of the thiol function (thioether, thioester, disulfide) or d 'an aldehyde function with a weak base (thiazolidine, oxime, hydrazone). Examples of such ligations, conventional for those skilled in the art, are described in a review by Tarn and Spetzler, 1995.
- the peptide part of the lipopeptides of the invention namely "the peptide sequence consisting of approximately 30 to approximately 50 of the last contiguous amino acids of the C-terminal end of interferon- ⁇ ( LFN- ⁇ ) mammals, from which, where appropriate, the last 3 to 20 amino acids have been deleted ", we mean any peptide sequence consisting of approximately 30 to approximately 50 of the last contiguous amino acids of the C-terminus of mammalian IFN- ⁇ , as well as any peptide sequence consisting of approximately 30 to approximately 50 of the last contiguous amino acids of the C-terminal end of fragments of mammalian IFN- ⁇ , these fragments corresponding to the different IFN- ⁇ of mammals of which 3 to
- the above-mentioned peptide sequence consisting of approximately 30 to approximately 50 of the last contiguous amino acids of the end C-terminal of mammalian IFN- ⁇ (also designated hereinafter sequence corresponding to the C-terminal part lTFN- ⁇ ), as well as the fragments and sequences derived above from this sequence, contain an XKRYR-like sequence in which X represents R, G, I, F, or K, and Y represents K or R.
- said peptide sequence corresponding to the C-terminal part IFN- ⁇ , as well as the fragments and sequences derived above from this sequence specifically recognize the intracellular part of LFN- ⁇ receptors of mammals, and as such have at least one of the biological and pharmacological properties of mammalian IFN- ⁇ , and are designated as agonists of the total or partial activity of mammalian LFN- ⁇ .
- the peptide sequences corresponding to the C-terminal part LFN- ⁇ , in the lipopeptides mentioned above, or the fragments of these sequences, or the sequences derived from these sequences or fragments, are more characterized in that '' they specifically recognize:
- the peptide part of the aforementioned lipopeptides of the invention does not recognize the extracellular part of the mammalian LFN- ⁇ receptor by LFN- ⁇ .
- said peptide part of the lipopeptides of the invention is such that, when it contains the N-terminal end of the mammalian LFN- ⁇ , at least one of the first 20 amino acids of this end N-terminal is deleted or substituted by a natural or unnatural amino acid, so that said N-terminal end thus modified is unable to recognize and bind to the extracellular receptor for LFN- ⁇ .
- the peptide part of the aforementioned lipopeptides of the invention does not include the N-terminal end of the mammalian IFN- ⁇ , necessary for the specific recognition of the extracellular part of the receptor for
- IFN- ⁇ of mammals by LFN- ⁇ IFN- ⁇ of mammals by LFN- ⁇ .
- the peptide part of the aforementioned lipopeptides of the invention is such that it does not include the sequence delimited, on the one hand, by the amino acid located in position 1, and, on the other hand, by the amino acid located in position 14 of the peptide sequences of LFN- ⁇ from mammals (in particular peptide sequences of LFN- ⁇ indicated below).
- a more particular subject of the invention is any lipopeptide as defined above, characterized in that the peptide part comprises at least one of the following peptide sequences:
- the subject of the invention is also any lipopeptide as defined above, characterized in that the COOH function of the C-terminal amino acid is substituted by a group resistant to exopeptidases in the organism, in particular by a carboxamide group.
- the subject of the invention is more particularly any lipopeptide as defined above, the peptide sequence of which is that: - delimited by the amino acids located at positions 95 and 134 of the peptide sequence of human IFN- ⁇ represented above,
- Preferred lipopeptides in the context of the present are:
- the lipopeptide whose sequence is delimited by the amino acids located at positions 95 and 132 of the peptide sequence of the murine IFN- ⁇ represented above, corresponding to the following formula: Ac-K ( Pam ) AKFEVNNPQVQRQAFNELIRVVHQLLPESSLRKRKRSR- NH2
- peptide sequence derived from the above-mentioned peptide sequence of the C-terminal end of IFN- ⁇ , or of a fragment of the latter, within the framework of the lipopeptides of the invention is meant any derived sequence;
- sequence derived by introduction of a retro-inverso bond is meant any peptide analog of the sequence or fragment mentioned above, said analog consisting of a peptide chain in which at least one of the residues on the one hand is linked to at least one neighboring residue by a -NH-CO- bond, and on the other hand, is of opposite chirality to that of this same aminoacyl residue in the peptide chain of the parent peptide (namely of the aforementioned sequence or fragment ).
- sequence derived by the introduction of a retro bond is meant any peptide analog of the sequence or fragment mentioned above, said analog consisting of a peptide chain in which at least one of the residues is linked to at least one neighboring residue by a -NH-CO- bond, the chirality of all the aminoacyl residues involved in at least one -NH-CO- bond being preserved relative to the corresponding residues of the peptide chain of the parent peptide.
- the -CO-NH- and -NH-CO- bonds must be taken into account in the above, in the direction of the parent peptide chain going from the amino terminal end (N-terminal) towards the carboxy terminal end (C-terminal).
- proteinogenic amino acid is meant, in the above, any amino acid used in the constitution of a natural protein or peptide.
- non-proteinogenic amino acid means, as opposed to the preceding definition, any amino acid not forming part of a natural protein or peptide.
- non-proteinogenic amino acid is understood more particularly to mean any amino acid whose carbon carrying the side chain R, namely the group -CHR-, located between -CO- and -NH- in the natural peptide chain, is replaced by a motif which does not form part of a natural protein or peptide.
- a more particular subject of the invention is the derived sequences as described above, characterized in that at least one of the peptide bonds -CO-NH- of the peptide chain of the parent peptide is replaced by a bond different from the -CO-NH- bond, said different bond being chosen in particular from the following:
- the peptide sequences corresponding to the C-terminal part IFN- ⁇ , in the aforementioned lipopeptides, or the fragments of these sequences, or the sequences derived from these sequences or fragments, as defined above are agonists of LFN- ⁇ and have at least one biological activity of the type of IFN- ⁇ in mammals, namely at least at least one of the following properties: 1) as regards the biological properties:
- NO- nitric oxide
- mediators derived from tryptophan such as picolinic acid
- lysosomal enzymes such as picolinic acid
- an antiparasitic effect in particular in cases of leishmaniasis, toxoplasmosis, malaria,. an anti-helminthic effect,
- kidney cancer cutaneous T lymphomas, chronic myeloid leukemia, ovarian cancer and mesotheliomas.
- the present invention also relates to micelles or micro-aggregates of one or more different lipopeptides defined above.
- said micelles or micro-aggregates have a size less than about 1 ⁇ m.
- the micelles or micro-aggregates according to the invention are as obtained by dispersing said lipopeptides in a solution of acetic acid concentrated to about 80%, or any other solvent capable of ensuring molecular dispersion of the lipopeptides in solution.
- the invention also relates to any pharmaceutical composition characterized in that it comprises one or more lipopeptides, if necessary in the form of micelles, as described above, and in combination with a vehicle in the context of a formulation physiologically acceptable galenic.
- a more particular subject of the invention is the use of lipopeptides, where appropriate in the form of micelles, as described above, for the preparation of a medicament intended for the treatment, and, where appropriate for the prevention, of pathologies against which LFN- ⁇ is likely to act, in particular against the pathologies listed above in the context of the pharmacological properties of LFN- ⁇ .
- the lipopeptides where appropriate in the form of micelles, mentioned above, are used for the preparation of an antiviral medicament, intended to the treatment of viral pathologies such as AIDS, diseases caused by papillomaviruses (in particular certain cancers of the uterus), the various forms of hepatitis, including hepatitis B, or the various non-A non-B hepatitis.
- the lipopeptides where appropriate in the form of micelles, mentioned above, are used for the preparation of a medicament intended for the treatment of bacterial or viral pulmonary infections, such as tuberculosis or pneumocystosis, or for the treatment of bacterial infections or viruses of the ENT sphere (and more particularly of the buccopharyngeal sphere).
- the abovementioned pharmaceutical compositions are presented in a galenical form enabling a high concentration of active principle to be obtained in a microdiffusion sphere around the site of injection by parenteral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intradermal route, or from a contact surface (aerosol or nebulizer intra-pulmonary, sublingual, transmucosal or percutaneous route), or in a form applicable topically, in particular in the form of cream or ointment.
- the preferred dosages of the abovementioned pharmaceutical compositions, for a treatment type treatment with LFN- ⁇ are to be compared with the dosages used for recombinant IFN- ⁇ , knowing that 2 to 3 ⁇ g of lipopeptide according to the invention correspond to 1 IU of LFN- ⁇ .
- the doses of recombinant LFN- ⁇ prescribed in the context of a clinical trial carried out in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma are 1 mg / m ⁇ iv per day for 5 days, every other week, for one week. months (approximately 4 to 5.10 ⁇ IU per dose, depending on the specific activity of the batch, located around 0.2 ng / lIU (Mani S., Poo WJ, Am. J. Clin.
- the dose of lipopeptide according to the invention is advantageously from approximately 125 to approximately 500 ⁇ g / ml (on average approximately 250 ⁇ g / ml), for volumes injected from about 0.5 to 3 ml in humans, or in veterinary application.
- the preferred doses of the lipopeptide of the invention when it is administered by inhalation, or intranasally, of solutions to approximately 25 to 50 ⁇ M are therefore approximately 250 to 500 ⁇ g / ml, or approximately 1.5 to 3 mg per dose / per day in humans (as a rule, 3 times per week, for 6 month).
- the invention also relates to any composition characterized in that it comprises one or more lipopeptides, optionally in the form of micelles, as described above, in combination with: - one or more peptides or lipopeptides containing one or more epitopes recognized specifically by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (also designated CTL), and capable of activating the latter (also designated CTL epitopes or CD8 + epitopes), and / or - one or more peptides or lipopeptides containing one or more epitopes recognized specifically by helper T lymphocytes (also designated HTL), and capable of activating the latter (also designated HTL epitopes or CD4 + epitopes), and / or
- the invention more particularly relates to any composition as defined above, characterized in that said CD8 + epitopes are:
- tumor cells those characteristic of tumor cells, such as:
- melanoma epitopes in particular those of human melanoma listed in Table 3, and more particularly epitopes of the melan-A / mart-1 antigen of human melanoma,
- antigens common to various tumors such as those listed in Table 5
- those characteristic of viral proteins such as:
- HBV hepatitis B virus
- HIV AIDS virus
- HPV human papillomavirus
- a more particular subject of the invention is any composition as described above, characterized in that it contains, as CD4 + epitopes, multiple epitopes such as the tetanus toxin peptide TT (830-846) ( Panina-Bordignon et al., 1989), hemagglutinin of in ⁇ uenza HA (307-319) (Krieger et al.,
- a more particular subject of the invention is any composition as described above, characterized in that it contains, as epitope B, one of the epitopes of a protein associated with an allergic reaction, such as the allergens of house dust, in particular peptides from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (peptides 52-71, 117-133, 176-187 or 188-199), or
- the subject of the invention is also any lipopeptide as defined above, comprising one or more CD8 + and / or CD4 + and / or B epitopes mentioned above, said epitopes being covalently linked to the lipophilic part of said lipopeptide, and / or to the abovementioned peptide sequence of the C-terminus of mammalian IFN- ⁇ , or to the fragments or sequences derived therefrom.
- the lipopeptides described above are such that their peptide part comprises one or more CD8 + and / or CD4 + and / or B epitopes mentioned above, said epitopes being covalently linked (directly, or via a sequence of about 2 to 5 amino acids) to the aforementioned peptide sequence of the C-terminus of mammalian IFN- ⁇ , or to the fragments or sequences derived therefrom.
- the bonds between said epitopes and said peptide sequence of the C-terminal end are preferably peptide bonds, or any one of the bonds resulting from single ligations as mentioned above.
- a subject of the invention is also the micelles or micro-aggregates of one or more different lipopeptides comprising one or more CD8 + and / or CD4 + and / or B epitopes, covalently linked, as defined above.
- said micelles or micro-aggregates advantageously have a size of less than about 1 ⁇ m, and are preferably obtained by dispersion of said lipopeptides in a solution of acetic acid concentrated to about 80%.
- the invention also relates to any pharmaceutical composition, or vaccine, characterized in that they comprise: - a composition of one or more lipopeptides, optionally in the form of micelles, in combination with one or more CD8 + epitopes and / or CD4 + and / or B, said composition being as defined above, and / or
- one or more lipopeptides if necessary in the form of micelles, comprising one or more CD8 + and / or CD4 + and / or B epitopes covalently linked, as defined above, and, optionally, one or more lipopeptides as defined above, containing only the above-mentioned peptide sequence of the C-terminal end of IFN- ⁇ , where appropriate in the form of micelles, in combination with a vehicle in the context of a physiologically acceptable galenical formulation.
- the abovementioned pharmaceutical compositions comprising epitopes are presented in a galenical form allowing the obtaining of a high concentration of active principle in a microdiffusion sphere around the site of injection by parenteral, intramuscular, subcutaneous route. or intradermal, or from a contact surface (aerosol or nebulizer intra-pulmonary, sublingual, transmucosal or percutaneous route), or in a form applicable topically, in particular in the form of cream or ointment.
- Preferred dosages are as defined above.
- the invention more particularly relates to the use:
- compositions of one or more lipopeptides, if necessary in the form of micelles, in combination with one or more CD8 + and / or CD4 + and / or B epitopes, said composition being as defined above, or
- one or more lipopeptides if necessary in the form of micelles, comprising one or more CD8 + and / or CD4 + and / or B epitopes covalently linked, as defined above, for the preparation of a drug or vaccine for the induction of a specific immune response against antigens corresponding to said epitopes, more particularly in the context of treatment, and, where appropriate, prevention, of pathologies liable to be controlled by activation of CTL and / or HTL via respectively said CD8 + epitopes linked to MHC class I molecules, and / or said CD4 + epitopes linked to MHC class II molecules, on the surface of antigen presenting cells, and / or for the preparation of a medicament or a vaccine for the reorientation of the immune response by antibodies directed against B epitopes, and more particularly directed against an allergen.
- a more particular subject of the invention is the use of the above: - of a composition as described above of one or more lipopeptides, if necessary in the form of micelles, in association with one or more CD8 + epitopes,
- - or one or more lipopeptides as defined above, if necessary in the form of micelles, comprising one or more covalently linked CD8 + epitopes, in which the epitopes are those characteristic: * tumor cells, as described above, for the preparation of an antitumor medicament, intended for the treatment of tumor pathologies such as chronic myeloid leukemia, or melanoma, or
- viral proteins as described above, for the preparation of a medicament or vaccine intended for the prevention, and, if necessary, for the treatment of viral pathologies such as AIDS, diseases due to papillomaviruses (in particular certain uterine cancers), different forms of hepatitis, including hepatitis B, or various non-A non-B hepatitis.
- a more particular subject of the invention is the use of the above: - of a composition as described above of one or more lipopeptides, if necessary in the form of micelles, in association with one or more CD4 + epitopes,
- CD4 + epitopes are multispecific epitopes capable of potentiating the response immune against any other antigen in an unselected population, and are in particular those characteristic of the tetanus toxin TT (830-846), the hemagglutinin of influenza HA (307-319), PADRE, the peptide 45-69 NEF HTV- 1, the LSA3 peptide of Plasmodium falciparum, mentioned above.
- a medicament or vaccine intended to potentiate the immune response against any other antigen, in particular in the context of viral or parasitic pathologies.
- a more particular subject of the invention is the use mentioned above:
- compositions as described above of one or more lipopeptides optionally in the form of micelles, in combination with one or more B epitopes,
- B epitopes are those characteristic of proteins associated with an allergic reaction, such as B epitopes corresponding to house dust allergens, in particular the peptides of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (peptides 52-71, 117-133, 176-187 or 188-199), or of Dermatophagoids farinae, for the preparation of a medicament or vaccine intended for the prevention, and, if necessary, for the treatment of allergic pathologies such as allergic asthma.
- a subject of the invention is also the use of any lipopeptide or any composition of lipopeptides, as described above, in the context of the implementation of methods of in vitro (or ex vivo) treatment of coros cells human or animal, said method comprising a step of removing said cells from humans or animals, healthy or in need of treatment, then a step of treating said cells by incubating them with a lipopeptide or a lipopeptide composition according to the invention. invention, and a step of administering the cells thus treated to the patient from which they were removed, or to any other patient in need of such treatment.
- a subject of the invention is also the use of lipopeptides as defined above, where appropriate in the form of micelles, as laboratory reagents, in particular:
- the subject of the invention is also any peptide whose sequence is delimited on the N ⁇ e ⁇ inal side by an amino acid located in one of positions 113 to 121, and on the C-terminal side by the amino acid located in position 132, of the murine IFN- ⁇ peptide sequence shown above.
- the subject of the invention is more particularly the peptide delimited by the amino acids located at positions 113 and 132 of the peptide sequence of murine IFN- ⁇ , and corresponding to the following sequence SEQ ID NO: 1:
- the invention also relates to any peptide as described above, characterized in that the COOH function of the C-terminal amino acid is substituted by a group resistant to exopeptidases in the organism, in particular by a carboxamide group.
- the aforementioned peptide sequences used in the context of the present invention are synthesized chemically, in particular according to the conventional peptide synthesis techniques in solid phase described in the experimental part which follows.
- the above-mentioned peptide sequences can be obtained by genetic engineering, in particular by transformation of cells suitable hosts with vectors containing the DNA sequences encoding said peptide sequences.
- N-terminal end of the peptide has been modified by an N -acetyl-Lysine N (palmitoyl), to allow the membrane penetration of the peptide regardless of cell activity.
- N -acetyl-Lysine N palmitoyl
- MuL The Mu peptide thus modified was designated MuL, and is represented by the following formula:
- a control lipopeptide also designated “scrambled”, corresponding to the lipopeptide MuL in which the order of the amino acids has been arranged so as to avoid any sequential kinship with the original peptide, has been synthesized.
- This control lipopeptide is obtained from the MuS peptide of the following formula: PSRENQNAVKIQKLSWLRREQKHRVERLAFRNQSLPF and has been designated MuSL Ac-K peptide (Pam); it responds to the following formula: Ac-K (Pam) PSRENQNAVKIQKLSVVLRREQKHRVERLAFRNQSLPF- NH2
- Non-lipid analogs of the above-mentioned peptides were also synthesized, with the aim of carrying out comparative studies: Mu peptide: Ac-AKFEVNNPQVQRQAFNELIRWHQLLPESSLRKRKRSR- NH2 MuS peptide: Ac-PSRENQNAVKIQKLSVVLRREQKHRVERLAFR Peptide synthesis: The peptides were synthesized on an MBHA resin (0.63 mmol / g, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA) using the Boc-benzyl strategy (Merrifield, RB, 1963; Merrifield, RB, 1986) and the protocol of in situ neutralization, using an ABI 430A peptide synthesizer (Foster City, USA). Protected amino acids come from
- Propeptide (Vert-Le-Petit, France).
- the side chains are protected as follows: Arg (Tos), Thr (Bzl), Asp (OcHex), Glu (OcHex), Gln (Trt), Asn (Trt), Lys (2-ClZ), His (Bom).
- Acetylation was systematically performed after each recoupling on the N-terminal function, using 10% acetic anhydride and 5% DIEA in CH2Cl2.
- an N-terminal lysine was introduced via Boc-L-Lys (Fmoc) -OH (France Biochem, Meudon, France).
- the Fmoc group was removed by 20% piper idine in DMF.
- the lipopeptide is obtained after a selective acylation of the ⁇ -amino group of the N-terminal Lys on the peptidyl-resin (palmitic acid / HBTU /
- the lipopeptide is cleaved from the resin (dry resin / HF / p-cresol / thiocresol: lg / 10 ml / 0.75g / 0.25g, 1 h 30 at O ° C) and lyophilized.
- the purification is carried out by several RP-HPLC on a C18 Nucleosil column (12.5 mm x 500 mm, solvent A: H2O containing 0.05% of TFA; solvent B: MeCN / H2O: 4 / containing 0.05%
- the cells are cultured the day before at the rate of 3.10 cells per well of 24-well culture plates (NUNC). The next day, the cells are stimulated by the various lipopeptide and peptide constructions at a final concentration of 50 ⁇ M in 1 ml of medium. After 24 hours of incubation at 37 ° C. in an atmosphere saturated with 5% of CO 2, the cells are recovered and incubated for 1 hour at 4 ° C. with 3 ⁇ g of a monoclonal mouse anti-I-Ad biotinylated antibody (Pharmingen, San Diego USA). After a revelation of 30 minutes with streptavidin FITC used at a dilution of 1: 100 (SIGMA, St Louis. USA) the expression of class II molecules is determined by flow cytometry.
- NUNC 24-well culture plates
- Table 8 represents the percentage of class II MHC detected by flow cytometry, on the different cell lines stimulated for 24 hours with the different peptide constructs.
- the lipopeptide construct is more active than the non-vectorized peptide at the concentration studied. This is due to the contribution of grafted palmitic acid, which confers better cytoplasmic addressing of the lipopeptide.
- the study was extended on cells taken from animals (Balb / c mice) in order to be able to assess the potential of MuL in ex-vivo studies.
- the splenocytes and peritoneal cells removed from the animal are re-cultured at the rate of 2.5 ⁇ 10 spleen cells and 10 peritoneal cells per well of 24-well plate (NUNC) stimulated by 50 ⁇ M of the different peptides in a volume 1ml final. After 24 hours of stimulation, the cells are labeled with the anti-IA monoclonal antibody described in the preceding paragraph according to the same protocol. To detect Fc- ⁇ R, the cells are labeled with 1 ⁇ g of an anti Fc- ⁇ R rat monoclonal antibody (Pharmingen, San Diego USA).
- the cells are then incubated for 1/2 hour with a biotinylated polyclonal antibody against rat IgG. Then the revelation is made with streptavidin FITC used at a dilution of 1: 100 (SIGMA, St Louis. USA). The expression of Fc- ⁇ R is determined by flow cytometry.
- MuL has an activity clearly superior to that of Mu; this again confirms the undeniable advantage provided by the addition of palmitic acid.
- Table 10 represents the results obtained following a 24-hour stimulation of cells taken from KO animals for the ⁇ chain of the lTFN- ⁇ receptor.
- the expression of IA and Fc- ⁇ R is analyzed by flow cytometry.
- MuL is capable of inducing the expression of IA and Fc- ⁇ R on cells taken from wild type animals while no similar activity is obtained on cells taken from deficient animals.
- a receptor for lTFN- ⁇ This provides proof that the activity of MuL acts via an interaction with the cytokine receptor, and beyond confirms the specificity of the biological activity observed with an agonist. Consequently, the vectorized construction (or lipopeptide) induces the expression of MHC II and of Fc- ⁇ R via an interaction with the receptor of this cytokine.
- murine TNF- ⁇ is incapable of stimulating human cells, unless acting intracellularly: the demonstration of a biological activity induced by the lipopeptide MuL on human cells consequently means that the peptide was able to interact with the internal part of the lTFN- ⁇ receptor, and constitutes indirect proof of the penetration of the lipopeptide into the cytoplasmic compartment.
- a primary culture of human dermis cells at confluence in a 96-well plate (NUNC) is stimulated with the different peptide constructs at a final concentration of 25 and 50 ⁇ M (in a final volume of 100 ⁇ l) or with lTFN- ⁇ human for 24 hours.
- the expression of VCAM-1 adhesion molecules is evaluated by "cell-ELISA".
- the cells are labeled at 4 ° C. with 0.5 ⁇ g of a mouse anti-VCAM-1 monoclonal antibody (Pharmingen, Cambridge. USA).
- the cells are then fixed with paraformaldehyde and labeled using a polyclonal goat anti-Ig (G, A and M) mouse antibody coupled to peroxidase.
- OPD o-phenylenediamine
- the histogram of FIG. 1 represents the expression of VCAM-1 on the human dermis cells stimulated for 24 hours with the different constructs.
- the results are expressed as an expression index, taking as value 1 the activity of human IFN- ⁇ (500 U / ml: 75 ng / ml).
- VCAM-1 VCAM-1 on the cells treated with the vectorized agonist (namely the lipopeptide MuL).
- This induction is dose dependent: in fact depending on whether the cells were treated with 25 or 50 ⁇ M of peptide, a differential expression of VCAM-1 is observed.
- the effect of the control construct (MuSL) can be explained by the production of certain inflammatory cytokines such as TNF by these cells in response to a state of stress due to the presence of the lipopeptide in high concentration.
- MuL a clear difference in stimulation is observed between MuL and MuSL.
- These results establish the cytoplasmic addressing of the vectorized agonist, which retains its biological activity, as evidenced by the induction of VCAM-1 observed.
- MuL is capable of stimulating cells in a heterologous system attesting to a certain potential of the vectorized agonist for use in the human system.
- HLA-DR MHC class II molecule
- the COLO 205 cell line is cultured at the rate of 3. 10 cells per well of 24-well culture plate (NUNC). The next day, the cells are stimulated by the different peptide constructs to a final concentration of 50 ⁇ M in 1 ml of medium, and incubated at 37 ° C for 24 hours. The cells are then recovered and labeled using 3 ⁇ g of a biotinylated mouse anti-HLA-DR monoclonal antibody (clone L243). After revelation with streptavidin FITC, the cells are analyzed by flow cytometry.
- NUNC 24-well culture plate
- Table 11 represents the percentage of HLA-DR expression quantified by flow cytometry on COLO 205 treated or not treated with 50 ⁇ M Mul or MuSL.
- PBMCs are isolated from a blood bag, then the cells are cultured and stimulated for 24 hours with 25 and 50 ⁇ M of MuSL or MuL in a final volume of 1 ml. Then the cells are recovered and labeled for the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and HLA-DR according to the protocol already described above. Finally, the cells are analyzed by flow cytometry.
- Table 12 represents the percentage of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and HLA-DR detected on PBMC stimulated for 24 hours with MuSL and MuL.
- This test constitutes the standard test for determining the activity of lots of recombinant IFN- ⁇ .
- L929 cells (mouse fibroblasts) are stimulated for 6 h with murine IFN- ⁇ , MuSL or MuL at different concentrations. After 24 hours of incubation, VSV is added and the cells are incubated at 37 ° C for 24 hours. Then the cells lysed by the virus are eliminated by washing and the living cells are stained using a vital dye, a solution of crystal violet at 1%. The staining with crystal violet is finally quantified by reading with a spectrophotometer at 570 nm.
- the histogram shown in FIG. 2 represents the results of the antiviral test carried out on L929 fibroblasts treated with the MuSL or MuL peptides.
- the living cells are stained with crystal violet and this coloration is quantified by reading at 570 nm with a spectrophotometer.
- the bars in black represent MuL, and those in white represent MuSL.
- the histogram represented in FIG. 3 represents the results of the antiviral test carried out on L929 fibroblasts treated with recombinant lTFN- ⁇ .
- the immunomodulatory potential of lTFN- ⁇ lies in its ability to polarize the establishment of a type 1 helper T response (Thl), while inhibiting the development of a type 2 helper T response ( Th2).
- Thl type 1 helper T response
- Th2 type 2 helper T response
- This inhibitory action on the polarization of the Th2 response takes place mainly through the inhibition of the activity of 1TL-4.
- the synthetic agonist of lTFN- ⁇ is capable of inhibiting the biological effect of 1TL-4 on spleen cells taken from mice, we used the following cellular system.
- the stimulation of spleen cells with an anti-CD40 (antibody directed against a surface cell marker: CD40) and 1TL-4 induces a proliferation of murine B cells, following a synergistic action between CD40 and IL-4 stimulation (Hasbold et al.
- the spleen cells taken from Balb / c mice are cultured and stimulated with anti-CD40 (10 ⁇ g / ml) and 1TL-4 (10 U / ml). 10 ⁇ M of the synthetic agonist of lTFN- ⁇ (MuL) or of its control lipopeptide (MuSL) are added. After 24 hours of stimulation, tritiated thymidine is added at a rate of 0.5 ⁇ Curie per well. After 18 h of incubation, the cells are filtered and the incorporation of tritiated thymidine and evaluated. The latter is proportional to cell proliferation.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 demonstrate that the inhibition of the biological activity of 1TL-4 by MuL, is specific to an “IFN- ⁇ like” activity, and that the latter does so via the cytokine receptor.
- the ability of the synthetic agonist to modulate the biological effects of IL-4 suggests that MuL can be used in vivo, especially in pulmonary hypersensitivity models, taking into account the prevalence of type 2 cytokines in such pathologies. Indeed, by way of example, it has been shown in mice that the intranasal administration of recombinant IFN- ⁇ inhibits the development of an allergic pulmonary response (Lack et al. 1996).
- the ability of the IFN- ⁇ agonist to inhibit the activity of 1TL-4 should facilitate in vivo the establishment of a Thl type immune response, which presages that this synthetic construction can be used in vivo, as an immunomodulator, making it possible to preferentially polarize a Thl immune response.
- the spleen cells are stimulated according to the following conditions
- FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 show that MuL potentiates the production of IgG2a, of IgGl and of total IgG by spleen cells stimulated by an anti-CD40.
- This effect of MuL on the production of immunoglobulins may be the consequence of a helper effect of the agonist which stimulate the production of cytokines which themselves promote the synthesis of immunoglobulins.
- MuL can in vivo, among other things, contribute to the establishment of the humoral response, and potentiate the immunity following the injection of certain antigens inducing a humoral response.
- Transgenic mice for the T cell receptor specifically recognizing the peptide Ova (323-339) (Murphy et al. 1990) derived from chicken ovalbumin, are immunized according to the following conditions: 1 - Subcutaneous injection of 50 ⁇ g of Ova peptide (Ova) 2- Subcutaneous injection of 50 ⁇ g of Ova peptide + 50 ⁇ g of MuL (MuL + Ova) 3- Subcutaneous injection of 50 ⁇ g of Ova peptide + 50 ⁇ g of MuSL
- the animals are sacrificed 15 days after the immunization. Their spleen cells are cultured and restimulated in vitro with 10 ⁇ g / ml of anti CD40 (1,2,3,4,5 then aCD40) in the presence or not of MuL (1,2,3,4,5 then aCD40 + MuL) or MuSL (1,2,3,4,5 then aCD40 + MuSL) in order to be able to study the synthesis of immunoglobulins.
- the immunoglobulin isotypes are determined by a conventional ELIS A technique.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 therefore confirm a polarization of the immune response towards a Th1 profile. This polarizing effect of the immune response can be observed with other antigens associated or not with adjuvants.
- the lipopeptide L-mIFN ⁇ 113-132 corresponds to the peptide SEQ ID NO 1, namely to the fragment delimited by the amino acids located at positions 113 and 132 of the murine IFN ⁇ , the C-terminal part of which has been modified at the carboxamide end, said peptide being linked by its N-terminal end to a group N ⁇ - acetyl-lysine N (palmitoyl) (also designated Ac-K (Pam) or L).
- the lipopeptide L-mIFN ⁇ 122-132 corresponds to the peptide SEQ ID NO 4, namely to the fragment delimited by the amino acids located at positions 122 and 132 of the murine EFN ⁇ , the C-terminal part of which has been modified at the carboxamide end, said peptide being linked by its N-terminal activity to an Ac- group
- the peptides and lipopeptides were synthesized on a Rink amide resin (Senn Chemicals AG, Dielsdorf, CH) using the Fmoc-tBu strategy (Fields, GB, and Noble, RL, 1990; Merrifield, RB, 1986), and by activation. with the 2-
- the peptides and lipopeptides were deprotected and removed from the resin by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in the presence of phenoVethanedithiol / fhioanisole / H 2 O (0.75 g: 250 ⁇ l: 250 ⁇ l; 500 ⁇ l).
- TFA trifluoroacetic acid
- the peptides were isolated from the TFA solution by precipitation with diethyl ether and lyophilized. Purifications were carried out by several parallel passages on RP-HPLC in a 12.5 mm ⁇ 250 mm column filled with Nuclesil C18 (0.03.5 ⁇ m) as stationary phase, using an acetonitrile / solvent system. H 2 O / TFA 0.05%.
- the antepenultimal lysine 94 was introduced with a protective group 4- methyltrityl (Mtt) for the synthesis of the fluorescent analog of L-mIFN ⁇ 95-132 (MuL).
- Mtt 4- methyltrityl
- the introduction onto the resin of 5 (6) -carboxy tetramethylchodamine was carried out by HBTU / HUBt activation.
- the fluorescent analog was purified by precipitation with diethyloxide.
- the circular dichroism measurements of the peptides were carried out at 25 ° C. using a Jobin-Yvon CD-6 at controlled temperature. The scans were carried out with a cell 0.1 cm long in an average time of 5 s.
- the measured wavelength interval ranges from 185 to 260 nm at a scanning step rate of 0.5 nm / step.
- the scans were carried out on the peptides at neutral pH in a 2 mM phosphate buffer with or without the trifluoroethanol propellant stabilizing reagent (TFE).
- TFE trifluoroethanol propellant stabilizing reagent
- the peptide concentration was adjusted to a concentration of 20 ⁇ M, after determination of the exact amount of a solution of 100 ⁇ M by quantitative analysis of amino acids.
- the mean values of 4 repetitive sweeps were expressed in mean molar ellipticity per residue (deg. Cm 2 dmol.).
- Fresh spleen cells are obtained from 7 week old 129 Sv female mice.
- the COLO 205 human colon carcinoma lines come from the ATCC (American type culture collection).
- the spleen cells and COLO 205 are maintained in RPMI 1640 (GIBCO BRL, Courbevoie, France) supplemented with FCS 10% (GIBCO BRL), sodium pyruvate
- Murine spleen cells and COLO 205 were labeled for the expression of MHC II with 1 ⁇ g of anti-mouse IA b FITC monoclonal antibody (mAb)
- the intracellular passage of the lipopeptides was demonstrated in 1-10 6 splenic cells freshly obtained from mice, incubated for 10 min at 37 ° C or 4 ° C with 1 ⁇ M of the lipopeptide MuL labeled with rhodamine. The cells were washed twice with cold PBS and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in
- NP-40 1% BSA in PBS for 10 min at 4 ° C and non-specific sites were blocked with 2% BSA in PBS.
- the cells were then incubated with rabbit IgG directed against the cytoplasmic domain of the ⁇ chain of
- IFN ⁇ R (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Santa Cruz, CA, USA). This antibody was used at a 1: 100 dilution. Anti-rabbit sheep IgG coupled to fluorescein (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.) were used as antibodies secondary to a 1: 200 dilution. Then the cells were washed 4 times in
- PBS mounted on coverslips and photographed in a Leica confocal microscope.
- the molecular weights (PM) of the peptides were determined by mass spectrometry.
- the peptides were analyzed by RP-HPLC in two different systems using either a Vydac C18 column (0.01 - 5 ⁇ m) (250 x 4.6 mm) or a Zorbax C3 column (0.03 - 5 ⁇ m) ( 150 x 4.6 mm), eluted at 50 ° C with an elution rate of lml / min.
- B 0.05% TFA in H 2 O / acetonitrile (20:80), at 215 nm, using a linear gradient 0-100% B for more than 60 mins.
- the capacity factors k'C3 and &'C18 were measured in both systems.
- the mechanism involved in transmembrane transfer is passive, as has been observed after incubation of the cells at 4 ° C, and fast enough to avoid complete degradation of the peptide by exopeptidases in the culture medium.
- the helical organization and the polycationic tail have been described as being essential elements for the binding of an IFN ⁇ agonist peptide to its receptor (Szente et al., 1996).
- Peptide 108-132 has been described as the smallest peptide capable of binding to the cytoplasmic domain of IFN ⁇ R (Szente et al, 1996). Its capacity to induce the expression of MHC class II molecules on murine cells has been reduced by a factor of 2 compared to peptide 95-133 (Szente et al., 1996).
- the crystal structure of the human homologous cytokine shows the presence of 5 turns of helix F in this part of the molecule, corresponding to 18 of the 38 residues (47%) of biologically active C-terminal peptide .
- Large parts of the MuL compound were amputated: the first 19 residues, comprising 3 of the 5 turns of the F helix were deleted in the construction L-mIFN ⁇ 113-132, and only 11 residues of the C-terminal part are present in L-mIFN ⁇ 122-132.
- the cysteine which is found at position 133 (C-terminal end) of the cytokine has been omitted in all the lipopeptides in order to avoid their dimerization by disulfide formation, and replaced by a simple carboxamide end in order to reinforce their stability vis with respect to the carboxypeptidases.
- L-mTFN ⁇ 113-132 is less active than MuL on human cells, with a 10-fold increase in the expression of HLA-DR against 22 times at a concentration of 50 ⁇ M.
- high concentrations of truncated lipopeptide are not cytotoxic: a concentration of 75 ⁇ M (210 ⁇ g / ml) of this peptide induces 15 times greater expression of HLA-DR for cell lines human, and increases the expression of IA b for murine cells by a factor of 18 when used at a concentration of 100 ⁇ M (280 ⁇ g / ml).
- FIG. 13 shows the CD spectra of Mu and MuL, obtained in a 2 mM phosphate buffer pH 7 at room temperature with or without the reagent trifluoroethanol propeller stabilizer.
- a small positive ellipticity at 190 nm, and two minima at 203 and 218, suggest that the peptide is in rapid equilibrium between a sparsely populated helical stage and a dominant conformation extended or in the form of a random spiral.
- the addition of 25 or 50% of trifluoroethanol in the lipopeptide solution increases the helical organization by 65 to 72% respectively, that is to say in relative proportions greater than the theoretical helical content of the corresponding segment in the natural cytokine.
- the CD spectra of the truncated and scrambled lipopeptides are indicated in FIG. 14A (solutions in a buffer) and 14B (with 25% of trifluoroethanol): the populations sparsely populated in helix or in ⁇ -sheet observed in the buffer, change towards approximately 50- 60% helical conformation by adding 25% trifluoroethanol. Surprisingly, this has even been observed with the lipopeptide L-mIFN ⁇ 122-132 with 12 amino acids, despite the absence of helical organization of the end of the cytokine in its natural context.
- liposome-lipopeptide interaction can be considered as a model of the cell-lipopeptide interaction, it can then be assumed that there is insertion of lipopeptides on the surface of the cells and then, in the particular case of the lipopeptides of the invention , rapid translocation of the functional cargo sequence within cells, and their subsequent recognition of their target receptors.
- lipid tail improved the biological activity of the basic peptide sequence, and its ability to reach its intracellular receptor.
- the biological activity exhibited by these lipopeptide constructs derived from TNF- ⁇ confirms their use as immunomodulators.
- Their biologically active concentration approximately a few hundred ⁇ g per ml
- their solubility in water greater than 5 mg / ml
- lipopeptides of the invention compared to the recombinant cytokine, is that of their good conservation, even with interruption of the cold chain.
- Intracellular human g -interferon triggers an antiviral state in transformed murine L cells. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of USA. 84: 2906-2910.
- FIG. 1 histogram representing the induction of VCAM-1 on human dermis cells (HMVECd). The results are expressed as an expression index, taking as value 1 the activity of human lTFN- ⁇ (500 U / ml:
- FIG. 2 Histogram representing the results of the antiviral test performed on L929 fibroblasts treated with the MuSL or MuL peptides. The results are expressed in optical density (OD). The columns from left to right correspond respectively to the measurements carried out:. on cells not infected with VSV,
- FIG. 3 Histogram representing the results of the antiviral test performed on L929 fibroblasts treated with recombinant lTFN- ⁇ . The results are expressed in optical density (OD). The columns from left to right correspond respectively to the measurements carried out:. on cells not infected with VSV,
- FIG. 12 Induction of MHC class II molecules by murine or human cells stimulated with lipopeptides derived from IFN- ⁇ .
- Murine spleen cells (A), and the human cell line COLO 205 (B) were incubated for 24 hours with different concentrations of lipopeptides derived from IFN- ⁇ .
- Cells were labeled with an antibody monoclonal directed against MHC class II molecules, and analyzed by flow cytometry.
- the ratio between the average intensity of fluorescence of cells treated with lipopeptides and between the average intensity of fluorescence of untreated cells is indicated on the ordinate.
- the concentration of lipopeptides is indicated in ⁇ M on the abscissa; MuL: solid circles; MuSL: hollow circles; L-mIFN 113-132: triangles; L-mIFN 122-132: X.
- FIG. 14 CD spectra of L-mIFN 113-132, L-mIFN 122-132 and MuSL, at a concentration of 20 ⁇ M in a 2mM phosphate buffer pH7 (fig. 14A), or in the presence of 25% of TFE ( fig. 14B); (L-mIFN 113-132: triangles; L-mIFN 122-132: X; MuSL: hollow circles).
- the values indicated on the ordinate correspond to Theta x 10 "3 (deg.cm 2 .dmol 1 ), and those indicated on the abscissa correspond to wavelengths (nm).
- RVRAWIAIYK 156-164
- RRTEEENLR 282-290
- ELPPGSTKR 298-306
- HLA-B7 LPENNVLSPL (26-35) APRMPEAAPPV (63-73) APRMPEAAPRV
- HLA-A2 (E) AAGIGILTV 26 (7) -35 HLA-A2 ILTVILGVL 32-40
- P17 18-26 KIRLRPGGK P17 20-2S: RLRPGGKKK RT 200-210: ALVEICTEM EK RT 325-333: AIFQSSMTK RT3S3-36S: DLEIGQHRTK Nef 73-82: QVPLRPMTYK Gpl20 37-46: TVYYGVPVWD Gp41 77 -26: KIRLRPGGK TABLE 6: epitopes of the HIV-1 virus (continued 1)
- HLA-AU RT 325-333 AJFQSSMTK
- Gpl20 52-61 LFCASDAKAY Gp41 591-598: YLKDQQLL or 590-597: RYLKDQQLL (RT 484-492: VYYDPSKDL (RT 508-516: IYQEPFKNL (RT 681-691: ESELVNQ11EG
- RT 699-707 YLAWV AHK Nef 6S-77: FPVTQVPLR Nef 12S-137: TPGPGVRYPL Gpl20 303-312: RPNNNTRKSI Gp41 848-856: IPRRIRQGL RT 699-707: YLA ⁇ WPAHK
- Gpl20 2-10 RVKEKYQHL P17 24-32: GGKKKYKLK Nef 90-97: FLKEKGGL - P24 259-267: GEIYKRW ⁇ Gp41 591-598: YLKDQQLL (Gp41 849-S56: PRR1RQGL or 851-859: R1RQGL1: 331 DCKT1LK ⁇ L (RT 185-193: GPKVKQWPL (Nave 182-189: EWRFDSRL TABLE 6: epitopes of the HIV-1 virus (continued 2)
- ERYLKDQQL P24 298-306 DRFYKTLRA (P24 183-191?: DLNTM LNTV (p24 304-313: LRAEQASVQEV (p24 305-313: RAEQASVQEV
- Nave 135-143 YPLTFGWCY Nave 135-143: YPLTFGWCF
- G p41 589-597 ERYLKDQQL (Gp41 791-800: GRRGWEALKY
- Gp41 611-619 TAVPWNASW
- Gpl20 42-52 VPVWKEATTTL
- P24 254-262 PPIPVGEIY (consensus clade B)
- HLA-B51 (B5) g ' p41 562-570: RAIEAQQHL RT 200-208: ALVEICTEM RT 209-217: EKEGKISKI RT 295-302: TAFTTPSI TABLE 6: epitopes of the HIV-1 virus (continued 3)
- Gpl20 42-51 VPV ⁇ VKEATTTL
- P24 240-249 TSLTQEQ1GW • Nave 116-125: HTQGYFPDWQ or 116-124: HTQGYFPDW
- Nave 120-128 YFPD QK (P24 147-155: 1SPRTLNAW (P24 164-172: FSPEVIPMF
- VT 663-672 VTDSQYALGI : P24 305-313: RAEQASQEV Nef 82-91: KAALDLSHPL
- YMLDLQPETT (E7 11-20) LLMGTLGIV (E7 82-90) TLGIVCPI (E7 86-93) TIHDIILECV (E6 29-38) KLPQLCTEL (E6 18-26) RPPKLPQL (E6 8-15)
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Abstract
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US09/601,729 US6683052B1 (en) | 1998-02-06 | 1999-02-05 | Lipopeptides containing an interferon-γ fragment, and uses thereof in pharmaceutical compositions |
AU22842/99A AU2284299A (en) | 1998-02-06 | 1999-02-05 | Lipopeptides containing an interferon fragment and uses thereof in pharmaceutical compositions |
EP99902607A EP1054901A2 (fr) | 1998-02-06 | 1999-02-05 | Lipopeptides contenant un fragment de l'interferon et leur utilisation dans des compositions pharmaceutiques |
JP2000530541A JP2002506003A (ja) | 1998-02-06 | 1999-02-05 | インターフェロン−γフラグメントを含むリポペプチド、及び薬学的組成物におけるその使用 |
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FR9801439A FR2774687B1 (fr) | 1998-02-06 | 1998-02-06 | Lipopeptides contenant un fragment de l'interferon gamma, et leur utilisation dans des compositions pharmaceutiques |
FR98/01439 | 1998-02-06 |
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GB9930591D0 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2000-02-16 | Univ London | Component for vaccine |
US6696412B1 (en) | 2000-01-20 | 2004-02-24 | Cubist Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | High purity lipopeptides, Lipopeptide micelles and processes for preparing same |
US20060014674A1 (en) | 2000-12-18 | 2006-01-19 | Dennis Keith | Methods for preparing purified lipopeptides |
WO2002076485A2 (fr) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-03 | Biomira, Inc. | Vaccin assurant la modulation entre des reponses immunitaires t1 et t2 |
WO2003089574A2 (fr) * | 2002-04-15 | 2003-10-30 | Biomira, Inc. | Glycolipopeptides de synthese utilises comme vaccins |
CA2542327C (fr) * | 2003-10-14 | 2014-08-12 | Biomira, Inc. | Polytherapie du cancer |
TWI395591B (zh) * | 2004-04-01 | 2013-05-11 | Oncothyreon Inc | 黏液性糖蛋白(muc-1)疫苗 |
EP1877434A2 (fr) * | 2005-05-04 | 2008-01-16 | Nautilus Biotech | Polypeptides d'interferon-gamma modifies et procedes d'utilisation de polypeptides d'interferon-gamma modifies |
PT1896051E (pt) * | 2005-06-28 | 2015-01-13 | Oncothyreon Inc | Método de tratamento de pacientes com uma vacina de glicoproteína mucinosa (muc-1) |
AU2007305268A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-10 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Peptides derived from the C2 domain of epsilon PKC, and use thereof |
WO2010151495A2 (fr) * | 2009-06-26 | 2010-12-29 | University Of Florida Research Foundation Inc. | Matériaux et procédés pour traiter et prévenir des infections virales |
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US9878054B2 (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2018-01-30 | Tufts Medical Center, Inc. | Polypeptide and lipophilic moiety conjugate compositions, formulations, and uses related thereto |
FR3008099B1 (fr) | 2013-07-05 | 2020-08-07 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Peptides immunogenes de l'antigene tumoral cycline b1 |
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---|---|---|---|---|
JP2514950B2 (ja) * | 1986-03-10 | 1996-07-10 | エフ・ホフマン―ラ ロシユ アーゲー | 化学修飾蛋白質,その製造法および中間体 |
US5595732A (en) * | 1991-03-25 | 1997-01-21 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Polyethylene-protein conjugates |
US5270038A (en) * | 1992-01-23 | 1993-12-14 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Tumor necrosis factor receptors on microorganisms |
US5382657A (en) * | 1992-08-26 | 1995-01-17 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Peg-interferon conjugates |
US5738846A (en) * | 1994-11-10 | 1998-04-14 | Enzon, Inc. | Interferon polymer conjugates and process for preparing the same |
-
1998
- 1998-02-06 FR FR9801439A patent/FR2774687B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-02-05 WO PCT/FR1999/000259 patent/WO1999040113A2/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-02-05 AU AU22842/99A patent/AU2284299A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-02-05 JP JP2000530541A patent/JP2002506003A/ja active Pending
- 1999-02-05 US US09/601,729 patent/US6683052B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-02-05 EP EP99902607A patent/EP1054901A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2774687B1 (fr) | 2002-03-22 |
FR2774687A1 (fr) | 1999-08-13 |
AU2284299A (en) | 1999-08-23 |
JP2002506003A (ja) | 2002-02-26 |
US6683052B1 (en) | 2004-01-27 |
WO1999040113A3 (fr) | 2000-04-06 |
EP1054901A2 (fr) | 2000-11-29 |
WO1999040113A2 (fr) | 1999-08-12 |
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