WO1999005078A1 - Compositions degradables en granules comportant un revetement a usage agricole et horticole, composition biodegradable de resine, ses moulages et feuils, procede de fabrication de feuils et sacs a dechets degradables - Google Patents
Compositions degradables en granules comportant un revetement a usage agricole et horticole, composition biodegradable de resine, ses moulages et feuils, procede de fabrication de feuils et sacs a dechets degradables Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999005078A1 WO1999005078A1 PCT/JP1998/003365 JP9803365W WO9905078A1 WO 1999005078 A1 WO1999005078 A1 WO 1999005078A1 JP 9803365 W JP9803365 W JP 9803365W WO 9905078 A1 WO9905078 A1 WO 9905078A1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
- B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
- B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
- B65F1/0006—Flexible refuse receptables, e.g. bags, sacks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
Definitions
- the film of the granular fertilizer used in the present invention is decomposed by soil microorganisms and does not eventually remain in the soil.
- various auxiliaries or chemicals can be added to the coating to adjust the elution of the granular fertilizer.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 60-340 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 55-1672 disclose that an inorganic powder such as talc and the like are dispersed in a film of a polyolefin resin or the like. It has been shown that this maintains the dissolution control function and promotes the disintegration and disintegration of the residual coating after dissolution.
- the garbage bag produced from the biodegradable linear polyester resin composition has a problem in mechanical strength, and it is difficult to mass-produce the film. Not fast enough.
- the conventional method blocks the film when passing through a nip roll, It is difficult to obtain a satisfactory tube-shaped film, because it tends to cause damage, foaming, vertical stripes, and anisotropy in mechanical strength.
- a method of forming a tubular film that is excellent in biodegradability and Z or disintegratability, and that has an excellent balance of moisture resistance, heat sealability, mechanical strength, and the like.
- coating material A has an average degree of substitution of 2.15 or less and has a biodegradability of less than the amount of carbon dioxide gas generated in the test method according to ASTM 1252 09-91. As a reference, 60 weights after 4 weeks. /.
- the 11th granular agricultural and horticultural composition according to the present invention which is a biodegradable cellulose ester composition containing a cellulose ester that decomposes as described above.
- the biodegradable cellulose ester composition is a composition containing a plurality of cellulose esters having different degrees of substitution, and the cell opening having an average degree of substitution of 2.15 or less is used as the cellulose ester. 10 weight. /.
- a biodegradable cellulose ester composition that decomposes by 20% by weight or more after 4 weeks, based on the amount of carbon dioxide gas generated, in a test method according to ASTM 1252 09-91.
- the granular agricultural and horticultural composition according to any one of Items I-1 to I-13 of the present invention, characterized in that:
- a second aspect of the present invention is that the ratio of the fatty acid metal salt or the fatty acid amide to 0.2 parts by weight of the total resin composition of the lactone resin and the synthetic aliphatic polyester resin is 0.2 to 5 parts by weight.
- the biodegradable resin composition according to the first aspect of the present invention is 0.2 to 5 parts by weight.
- the third aspect of the present invention is the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the weight ratio of the lactone resin to the synthetic aliphatic polyester resin is 595 to 7030. ! — :! ⁇
- the sixth aspect of the present invention is directed to the first aspect of the present invention, which further comprises 10 to 80 parts by weight of starch with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total resin of the lactone resin and the synthetic aliphatic polyester resin.
- a biodegradable resin molded product comprising the biodegradable resin composition of any of I-6.
- a eighth aspect of the present invention is the biodegradable resin molded article according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, wherein the molded article is a film.
- the ninth aspect of the present invention is the ninth aspect of the present invention.
- a method for producing a film comprising:
- the tenth aspect of the present invention is an inflation film / rem obtained by the method of the ninth aspect of the present invention.
- the following is provided.
- M-1 of the present invention is a collapsible garbage bag obtained by molding a biodegradable resin composition comprising a lactone resin, a synthetic aliphatic polyester resin and a fatty acid metal salt or a fatty acid amide.
- the nth to thirteenth of the present invention is the first to thirteenth of the present invention in which the weight ratio of rataton resin Z synthetic aliphatic polyester resin is 5Z95 to 70Z30.
- the m-4 of the present invention is characterized in that 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of a liquid lubricant is further added to the total resin loo part by weight of the lactone resin and the synthetic aliphatic polyester resin. Part m of the present invention
- the fifth aspect of the present invention is directed to the first aspect of the present invention, which further comprises 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of finely divided silica with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total of the lactone resin and the synthetic aliphatic polyester resin.
- the m-th aspect of the present invention further includes an m-th to a! Any collapsible garbage bag of ⁇ -1-5.
- the granular agricultural and horticultural composition of the present invention is obtained by spraying the solution comprising the coating material on the granular fertilizer, applying a high-speed hot air stream to the position, and drying and instantaneously coating the fertilizer. It is a granular fertilizer characterized in that the coating is degradable and the fertilization period is adjustable.
- the biodegradable cellulose ester composition used in the present invention has an average degree of substitution of 2.15 or less, an average degree of polymerization of 50 to 250, and an equivalent weight of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal with respect to the remaining amount of sulfuric acid.
- the composition may include a tellurium.
- cellulose ester examples include organic acid esters such as cellulose acetate, cellulose butyrate, and cellulose propionate; inorganic acid esters such as cellulose nitrate, cellulose sulfate, and cellulose phosphate; Hybrid esters such as pionate, senorellose acetate butylate, cellulose acetate phthalate, and cellulose nitrate acetate are exemplified. These cellulose esters can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these cellulose esters, organic acid esters, particularly cellulose acetate, are preferred.
- the low-substituted cellulose ester contained in the cellulose ester composition has an average degree of substitution of 2.15 or less, preferably about 1.0 to 2.15, and more preferably about 1.1 to 2.0. If the degree of substitution is less than 1.0, the water resistance of the surface of the granular fertilizer decreases, and if it exceeds 2.15, not only the compatibility with other components and the melt fluidity, but also the biodegradability decreases significantly. I do.
- the type of the low-substituted cellulose ester is not particularly limited as long as it is excellent in biodegradability.
- Such low-substituted cellulose ester for example, in a test method similar to the above ASTM1 25209- 91, based on the amount of carbon dioxide gas occurs, after 4 weeks 60% by weight or more, preferably 65 by weight 0 / 0 or more (for example, 65 to 100%)
- Decomposed cellulose esters are included.
- activated sludge from municipal sewage treatment plants can be used as activated sludge.
- the decomposition rate (%) of cellulose ester can be calculated from the ratio of the amount of carbon dioxide generated to the number of decomposed carbon atoms and the ratio to the total number of carbon atoms before decomposition.
- the sulfuric acid is derived from sulfuric acid used as a catalyst when producing a cellulose ester.
- Sulfuric acid is not only free sulfuric acid, but also sulfate, sulfoacetate, It may remain as a sulfate and be free.
- the alkali metal includes lithium, potassium, sodium and the like
- the alkaline earth metal includes magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium and the like.
- the biodegradable cellulose ester composition used in the present invention may be a composition having improved biodegradability, and the composition has an average degree of substitution of 2.15 or less and an average degree of polymerization of 50 to 2 50, and a cellulose ester having an equivalent ratio of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal to the amount of remaining sulfuric acid of 0.1 to 1.1.
- the preferred high-substituted cellulose ester often has the same or similar substituent as the low-substituted cell-mouth monoester, particularly the same substituent.
- the low-substituted cellulose ester is cellulose acetate
- the same or similar substituent includes an organic acid ester residue having about 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- a feature of the composition containing a plurality of cellulose esters having different degrees of substitution is that the biodegradability of the cellulose ester can be enhanced even when the content of the cellulose ester at a low concentration is small.
- Cell content of low-substituted cellulose ester It is about 10% by weight or more, preferably about 10 to 90% by weight, and more preferably about 10 to 75% by weight (for example, about 10 to 50% by weight / 0 ) of the whole ester.
- the content of low-substituted cellulose ester is 10% by weight. /. If it is above, the biodegradability of cellulose ester having poor biodegradability can be dramatically improved.
- the cellulose ester can be produced by a conventional method regardless of the degree of substitution.
- the degree of substitution of the cellulose ester may be adjusted by a single-step reaction in the reaction of cellulose with an organic acid or an acid anhydride, and a cellulose ester having a high degree of substitution (for example, a tri-substituted product) may be used.
- the substance used as the coating material B in the present invention includes an olefin polymer, a copolymer containing olefin, a vinylidene chloride polymer, a copolymer containing vinylidene chloride, and a gen-based polymer. Or one or more substances selected from the group consisting of waxes, petroleum resins, natural resins, cellulose acetate resins, polyproprolactones, fats and oils and modified products thereof.
- the above-mentioned olefin polymer is polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene propylene copolymer, polybutene, butene.ethylene copolymer, butene.propylene copolymer, polystyrene, etc., and the copolymer containing olefin is ethylene.
- Polycaprolactone is a polyester formed by ring-opening addition polymerization of ⁇ -proprolactone, and has a molecular weight of 10,000 or more, preferably 50,000 to 100,000. Hydrogenated oils, solid fatty acids and metal salts.
- Such a third coating material component examples include a surfactant as an elution modifier, talc, calcium carbonate, and a metal oxide as an insoluble filler. These mixtures need to be evenly dispersed. If it is not uniform, some of the fine particles will shift and the continuous phase of the coating material will be impaired, and the effect of the coating will be lost.
- a fourth coating material component is further used as necessary.
- a fourth coating material component include a photodegradation accelerator and a biodegradation accelerator, an elution modifier, a filler, a cellulose powder, and the like. These components can be uniformly dispersed and used.
- photolysis accelerator examples include benzoins, benzoin alkyl ethers, benzophenone, and 4,4'-bis (dimethylamino) benzophenone.
- Azotophenone and its derivatives acetofenone such as acetofenone, ⁇ , ct-jetoxyacetophenone and its derivatives; quinones; thioxanthones; photoexciting materials such as phthalocyanine; And a sensitizer of an aromatic ketone and a metal salt.
- photodegradation accelerators can be used.
- a photolysis accelerator can photodegrade cellulose esters. Therefore, biodegradability can be enhanced in combination with photodegradability.
- biodegradation promoter examples include biodegradation enzymes, for example, hydrolases such as lipase, cellulase, and esterase.
- the biodegradable enzyme can be used by suspending or dispersing in a solvent.
- the photodegradation promoter and the biodegradation promoter can be used in combination. It is also possible to mix a cellulose powder to prevent the coated granules from agglomerating, but in the present invention, it is unnecessary because the low-substituted cellulose acetate has a melting point of 140 ° C. or higher.
- the coating material is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent such as chlorinated hydrocarbons, kept at a high temperature, added to the surface of the granular fertilizer in the form of a spray, and instantaneously dried by applying a high-speed hot air stream to the position.
- a granular fertilizer can be obtained. It is also possible to use readily available acetone as a solvent.
- the granular fertilizer can control the duration of fertilization, and after elution of the fertilizer, the coating is disintegrated and decomposed by the soil microorganisms, and is contained in the soil. Does not remain. Furthermore, the amount of residual components after the cultivation period of the crop may cause the film to collapse and decompose. This has the effect of making fertilizer management easier.
- a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the resin composition has a melt flow index (Ml) of 0.5 to 25 gZl Omin, preferably 1 to 5 g / 10 min, measured at a load of 2160 g at 190 ° C. .
- the lactone resin may be a homopolymer or a copolymer such as polycaprolactone or bolivarerolactone, but preferably does not soften at room temperature.In view of this, it has a high molecular weight and a softening point of 55 ° C or more. Bolting force prolactone, which easily provides stable performance, is preferable.
- polyprolactone those having a number average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 200,000, preferably from 10,000 to 100,000 can be used.
- the polyproprolactone having the above molecular weight has a relative viscosity of 1.15 to 2.80 as defined by JIS K6726, and particularly preferably has a relative viscosity of 1.50 to 2.80.
- the synthetic aliphatic polyester resin is an aliphatic polyester resin obtained by a condensation polymerization system.
- the synthetic aliphatic polyester resin is simply referred to as an aliphatic polyester resin, and if it is produced naturally, this fact is specified.
- the synthetic aliphatic polyester resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited. There is no such, but those described in JP-A-9-67513 are used. That is, those having a melting point of 100 ° C. or higher and having thermoplasticity and relatively low biodegradability are preferable, polyester resins obtained from succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol, succinic acid and ethylene glycol. Polyester resin obtained from oxalic acid and neopentyl glycol, polyester resin obtained from oxalic acid and 1,4-butanediol, and polyester resin obtained from oxalic acid and ethylene diol. Particularly preferred is a polyester resin obtained from succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol.
- the synthetic aliphatic polyester resin used in the present invention also includes an aliphatic polyester resin containing a urethane bond, wherein the aliphatic polyester resin is preferably made to have a high molecular weight by an aliphatic diisocyanate compound.
- Aliphatic diisocyanate compounds include hexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate methyl ester ⁇ OCN— (CH 2 ) —CH (—NCO) (— COOCH 3 ) ⁇ , and trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate. Succinate and the like are exemplified, and among them, hexamethylene diisocyanate is preferable.
- the number average molecular weight of the aliphatic polyester resin containing a urethane bond is preferably at least 20,000, more preferably at least 40,000.
- polyester resins synthesized from low-molecular-weight aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and low-molecular-weight aliphatic diols, or polyester resins obtained by further increasing the molecular weight with an aliphatic diisocyanate compound are commercially available from Showa Polymer Co., Ltd. Sold by name.
- aliphatic polyester resin examples include synthetic polylactic acid, polyamide ester resin synthesized from E-force prolactone and ⁇ -force prolactam, and polyamino acid resin.
- aliphatic polyester resin those having a number average molecular weight of not less than 200,000 and not more than 200,000, preferably not more than 40,000, in terms of standard polystyrene by GPC can be used.
- the polyproprolactone and the aliphatic polyester resin are used as a mixture.
- the compounding weight ratio of polycaprolactone to aliphatic polyester resin is 70 to 5% by weight of polycaprolactone and 30 to 95% by weight of aliphatic polyester resin, preferably polycaprolactone. Is 60% by weight or less, particularly preferably 40 to 10% by weight.
- the amount of the aliphatic polyester resin exceeds 90% by weight, the biodegradability is slowed down, or 30% by weight. /. If it is less than, for example, when processed into a film, heat resistance is poor.
- the compounding ratio of the polycaprolactone exceeds the above ratio, the mechanical properties of the molded product at high temperatures become insufficient. However, depending on the application, there may be no problem if the ratio is slightly different from the above mixing ratio.
- the fatty acid metal salt used in the present invention is a metal salt of a fatty acid having 10 or more carbon atoms, preferably barium stearate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, magnesium stearate, or a mixture thereof.
- calcium stearate is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of releasability.
- Examples of the fatty acid amide used in the present invention include lauric acid amide, palmitic acid amide, high-purity palmitic acid amide, stearic acid amide, purified stearic acid amide, high-purity stearic acid amide, and behenic acid amide.
- the products according to the present invention have a wide variety of uses, so they are highly safe, and are ethylene bisstearic acid amides and stearic acid amides registered with the FDA (Food and Drug Administration). Amide, oleic acid amide, and erlic acid amide.
- the fatty acid metal salt or the fatty acid amide may be used alone or in combination, and the mixing ratio is 0.2 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin as a main polymer component. Desirably, it is added in the range of 0.3 to 1.5 parts by weight.
- the melting point is 7 A liquid at 0 ° C or lower, preferably at room temperature, is used.
- the liquid lubricant include paraffin wax; stearyl alcohol; stearic acid; and stearic acid esters such as butyl stearate, monoglyceride stearate, pentaerythritol-tetrastearate, and stearyl stearate.
- the most desirable liquid paraffin as a liquid lubricant is the oral acute toxicity (rat), which is very safe due to its LD50 of 5 g / kg, is recognized as a food additive by the Food Sanitation Act, and is a very convenient material. It is.
- liquid paraffin that is liquid at room temperature is used. That is the best work.
- Polypropylene and aliphatic polyester resins as the main polymer component are usually supplied in pellets or beads.
- the amount of liquid paraffin added as an etching agent is 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, preferably 0.2 to 0.7 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of polyproprolactone and aliphatic polyester resin. If the amount exceeds 3 parts by weight, the inner surface of the tumbler becomes sticky, making it difficult to produce a stable product. If the amount is less than 0.1 part by weight, the effect is small.
- the finely divided silica may be silica produced by a wet method or silica produced by high-temperature hydrolysis of silicon tetrachloride in oxyhydrogen, but the silica having a particle size of 50 nm or less is preferred.
- the thermoplastic polylactone and the aliphatic polyester resin are heated and kneaded, and at this time, a considerably high shearing force acts to loosen the secondary aggregated particles, thereby exhibiting the effect of preventing blocking of the product film. I do.
- the addition amount of the fine powder silicide is 0.1 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin.
- Starches that can be used in the present invention include raw starch, processed starch, and mixtures thereof.
- Raw starches include corn starch, potato starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch Flour, cassava starch, sago starch, tapio starch, rice starch, bean starch, kudzu starch, peravi starch, lotus starch, and ishigo starch.
- Modified starches include physically modified starches (eg, starch, fractionated amylose, wet heat-treated starch, etc.); enzyme-modified starches (eg, hydrolyzed dextrin, enzymatically-decomposed dextrin, amide starch, etc.): chemically-modified starches (acids) Treated starch, hypochlorite oxidized starch, dialdehyde starch, etc.); chemically modified starch derivatives (esterified starch, etherified starch, cationized starch, cross-linked starch, etc.).
- physically modified starches eg, starch, fractionated amylose, wet heat-treated starch, etc.
- enzyme-modified starches eg, hydrolyzed dextrin, enzymatically-decomposed dextrin, amide starch, etc.
- chemically-modified starches ascids Treated starch, hypochlorite oxidized starch, dialdehyde
- esterified starch acetate esterified starch, succinate esterified starch, nitrate esterified starch, phosphate esterified starch, urea phosphate esterified starch, xanthate esterified starch, acetate acetate ester Starch, etc .
- etherified starch include aryl etherified starch, methyl etherified starch, carboxymethyl etherified starch, hydroxyshethyl etherified starch, and hydroxypropyl etherified starch.
- Cross-linked starch includes formaldehyde cross-linked starch, epichlorohydrin cross-linked Starch, phosphate cross-linked starch, acrolein cross-linked starch, etc. It is.
- the starch is added in an amount of 10 to 80 parts by weight, preferably 25 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin.
- a decomposition accelerator resin components other than polyproprolactone and an aliphatic polyester resin (ethylene copolymer and other polyolefins, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene rubber, polyurethane, Polyamides, polyhydroxybutylates, etc.), natural polymers other than starch (polysaccharide polymers, cellulose polymers, protein polymers, etc.), fine powder particles manufactured from paper with a diameter of 50 microns or less, Heat stabilizers, fillers, fillers such as calcium carbonate, other lubricants, coloring agents, flame retardants, waterproofing agents, auto-oxidants, ultraviolet stabilizers, cross-linking agents, antibacterial agents, herbicide IJ, antioxidants A deodorant and the like can be added. Or, as a starch denaturant, Urea, alkaline earths, alkali metal hydroxides and mixtures thereof can also be added.
- Examples of the decomposition accelerator include a photolysis accelerator and a biodegradation accelerator.
- coconut shell activated carbon and the like can be used as the biodegradation accelerator.
- the method for obtaining the resin composition of the present invention having the above composition is not particularly limited.
- polycaprolactone as a main polymer component and an aliphatic polyester resin and, if necessary, a liquid lubricant are put in a tumbler, and the mixture is stirred and mixed for 10 to 20 minutes.
- a fatty acid metal salt or fatty acid amide is added, finely divided silica is added, starch is further added, and the mixture is further stirred and mixed for 20 to 30 minutes.
- the mixture is melt-kneaded at about 140 to 210 ° C. using a single-screw or twin-screw extruder or the like to obtain a resin composition powder or pellet.
- the powder or pellet-shaped resin composition obtained as described above can be formed into various shapes by various conventional molding methods and used for various applications.
- it can be formed into a film by the inflation method.
- the extrusion diameter of the extruder at this time is about 40 to 65 mm
- the length / diameter ratio (L / D) is 26 to 32
- the diameter of the annular die is 50 to 10
- the gap of the die slit is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
- the extruded tube-shaped film is expanded to a specified diameter by setting the blow ratio (tube diameter Z die diameter) to 2 or more by the pressure of the gas introduced from the gas injection pipe inserted through the die. It is then taken off at a constant speed by a nip roll.
- the blow ratio tube diameter Z die diameter
- the outside air temperature is extremely high, such as in summer, etc., more complete blocking can be achieved by introducing cold air of 20 ° C or less through the gas injection pipe. A film free of defects is obtained.
- a film made of the biodegradable resin composition of the present invention obtained by squeezing is used as a single layer or laminated with paper or nonwoven fabric, and is used for packaging materials (films, sheets, etc.), agricultural materials (agricultural It can be used for various purposes, including multi-film, binding tape including flat yarn, root-wrapping film of plant trees, etc., and consumer materials (diaper backsheets, shopping bags, garbage bags, draining bags, other compost bags, etc.). it can.
- a resin composition which exhibits biodegradability or disintegration easily in a short time in a natural environment, a molded product thereof, and a film, particularly a blown film, can be obtained.
- the blown film is manufactured by controlling the resin temperature at the time of extrusion and the tube temperature at the time of passing through the nipple to a specific temperature, and controlling the blow ratio and the take-off ratio to specific ranges. Without this, it is possible to obtain a tubular film which does not cause blocking, has excellent film appearance, and is excellent in biodegradability, heat sealability, balance of mechanical strength, and the like.
- Inflation film is a single layer or laminated with paper or non-woven fabric, etc., and is used for packaging materials (films, sheets, etc.), agricultural materials (multi-films for agriculture, bundling tapes, root-wrapping films for planting trees, etc.), consumer products. It can be used for various purposes including materials (diaper backsheets, shopping bags, garbage bags, draining bags, other composite bags, etc.).
- the m-th embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the resin composition used in the present invention is the same as that described in the corresponding section of ⁇ of the present invention, and a powder or pellet of the resin composition is obtained in the same manner as in ⁇ of the present invention.
- the powder or pellet-shaped resin composition obtained as described above is molded into a film by various conventional molding methods such as an inflation method and a ⁇ -die method. You.
- the method of forming a film by the inflation method is the same as that described in the corresponding section of the second aspect of the present invention.
- the thickness of the film varies depending on the application, but a household garbage bag of 100 to 100 ⁇ m can be used, and a large and heavy one with a content of 50 to 200 ⁇ m can be used.
- Tear strength at room temperature of the film is preferably at performance 4 5 0 kg / cm 2 or more as a garbage bag, also in consideration of the disintegration during biodegradation in compost, tearing at a temperature 8 0 ° C
- the strength is preferably 10 kg Z cm 2 or less.
- the garbage bag provided by the present invention can easily satisfy this preferable tear strength range by adjusting the thickness.
- the tear strength is measured in accordance with JISK 7113 (No. 2 test piece).
- the film is a single plane such as a ⁇ -die film
- the film cut into a suitable size is folded and a garbage bag is obtained, for example, by bonding the side surfaces, and a film such as an inflation film is used.
- a garbage bag can be obtained by bonding the bottom.
- the bonding method described above may be heat fusion or a method using an adhesive.
- a large number of draining holes are formed on the surface.
- the hole may be provided on both sides or one side of the surface, or on the upper, lower, or entire surface.
- the hole diameter is 0.:! ⁇ 5 mm, preferably :! 33 mm, and the number of holes is from 10 to 2000, preferably from 100 to 1500 per 10 cm square.
- the shape of the hole is not particularly limited as long as the strength and function as a garbage bag are within the intended range, and the shape is, for example, a circular hole, and the mutual positional relationship is a rule. In particular, they may be arranged one above the other, diagonally offset, or irregularly arranged.
- the drain bag obtained in this way is placed in a storage container placed in the corner of the kitchen sink. It can be laid on the inside and used to drain garbage.
- the garbage bag according to the m-th aspect of the present invention is effective for storing garbage, and the garbage bag storing the garbage can be put into a compost container as it is and composted with the garbage to collect garbage. It can also be collected and burned by cars.
- a garbage bag and a garbage bag for draining can be easily obtained in a short time in a natural environment.
- FIG. 11 shows a preferred example of the apparatus of the present invention.
- the jet tower 1 has a tower diameter of 200 mm, a height of 18 O mm, an air jet diameter of 42, a fertilizer inlet 2, and an exhaust gas outlet 3.
- the jet air is sent from the blower 10 and passes through the orifice flow meter 9 and heat exchanger 8 to the jet tower.
- the flow rate is controlled by a flow meter 9, the temperature is controlled by a heat exchanger 8, and the exhaust gas is guided out of the tower from the gas outlet 3.
- the granular fertilizer to be subjected to the coating treatment is injected from the fertilizer input port 2 while passing a predetermined hot air to form a jet.
- the coating liquid containing the low-substituted cellulose acetate composition is sprayed through the liquid nozzle 4 toward the jet after the coating particle temperature reaches a predetermined temperature.
- the coating liquid is prepared by putting a predetermined amount of the coating material and the solvent in the liquid tank 11 and stirring the mixture near the boiling point of the solvent.
- Stop blower 1 After the supply of the coating liquid is fed to the nozzle 4 by a pump 5, which the system if supplied three predetermined coating liquid to keep sufficient insulation for maintaining the temperature, stopping the pump 5, Stop blower 1 0.
- the coated fertilizer is removed from the outlet 7. 6 is a valve.
- T 2 ⁇ 3 is a thermometer
- SL is steam.
- Coating liquid supply amount 0.5 kg / min
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- tricrene trichloroethylene
- Diacetate manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. [Acetylation degree 55.0, viscosity of 6% acetone solution 100 cps]
- Triacetate manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. [Acetylation degree: 60.0, viscosity of 6% methylene chloride solution 300 cps]
- PCL Polycaprolactone manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- PCL-H7 (2) Composition and biodegradation test of coating
- coated Nika Akari having various coating compositions shown in Table I-11 was manufactured. After that, 50 coated samples of this example were cut on two sides one by one, placed in water to remove the fertilizer inside, dried, finely pulverized, and JIS K6950 (by activated sludge). Degradation rate was determined by aerobic biodegradation test method). The activated sludge used was the sludge returned from the Himeji Sewage Treatment Plant.
- C Table I shows the results of Example II one 4 and Comparative Example I- 1 to the first I- 1 Table
- the melt index is a value at 2190 g load at 190 ° C. (Preparation of resin composition)
- the melt index of this resin composition was 3.5g / 1Omin.
- Example II-2 40 parts of polycaprolactone, 60 parts of poly 1,4-butanediol-succinate, 0.5 part of liquid paraffin, 0.8 part of stearic acid amide, 0.8 parts of AEROSIL # 200 (Nippon AEROSIL) Using this, a resin composition pellet was obtained in the same manner as in Example III-1.
- the melt index of this resin composition was 3.9 g / 1 Omin.
- the melt index of this resin composition was 3.7 g / 1 Omi ⁇ .
- the melt index of the resin composition was 2.5 g / 1 Omin.
- Example II-1 Using the resin composition prepared in Example II-1, a film was produced by an inflation method under the following molding conditions.
- the obtained blown film was examined for blocking properties, film appearance, and biodegradability in the following manner.
- Tubes (total length 100 m) folded by nip rolls and wound up by a take-up machine were examined to see if they could be easily opened with fingers, and those that opened were judged as having no blocking. .
- Film appearance The presence of unmelted gel, streaks, foaming, etc., and the smoothness of the surface were examined, and those with excellent surface smoothness and free of unmelted gel, streaks, foaming, etc. were judged to be good. .
- Biodegradability The film obtained above was pulverized and subjected to a biodegradability test for 28 days according to JIS 690 under municipal sewage sludge environment.
- Example II—2 ⁇ ! ! For the resin composition of No. 14, a film was formed under the same conditions as in Example II-1, and was similarly evaluated.
- Table II-1 shows the evaluation results of the examples.
- Example ⁇ -1 1 Good 75%
- Example ⁇ -2 No Good 73%
- Example ⁇ -3 No Good 75%
- Example ⁇ -4 No Good 85%
- Comparative Example ⁇ -1 The same procedure as in Example 5-5 was carried out without using the metal stearic acid salt, and the melt index of the pellet was 2.7 g / 10 min. 5 shots out of 10 shots by injection molding As described above, the resin composition remained in the mold. Thus, the metal stearic acid salt was found to be effective as a lubricant or a mold release agent in the composition of the present invention.
- 1-butene-modified linear low-density polyethylene (Ml: 0.8 g / l Omin) 50 parts
- 1-butene-modified belly low-density polyethylene (Ml: 1.0 g / l Omin) 20 parts
- calcium carbonate fine powder Treated with saturated fatty acids
- the above film was bonded by heat sealing to produce a vertically long garbage bag with a width of 450 mm and a length of 50 Omm.
- the film used was either beyond the tear strength 450 k gZc m 2 at normal temperature, been made in the 80 ° C 10 k gZc m 2 or less.
- a garbage bag was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using a cellulose film having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m as a film, filled with garbage, and degradability was compared.
- the garbage bag of Comparative Example 2 was torn and curled, but remained almost intact. [Example m-5]
- This garbage bag could be used as a draining garbage bag by laying it inside a triangular prism-shaped plastic storage container provided at the corner of the sink.
- the granular fertilizer of the first aspect of the present invention can control the duration of fertilizer effect. After elution of the fertilizer, the film is disintegrated and decomposed by soil microorganisms and does not remain in the soil. In addition, the amount of residual components after the cultivation period of the crop disappears due to the collapse and decomposition of the film, which has the effect of facilitating fertilizer management.
- a resin composition which exhibits biodegradability or disintegration easily and in a short time in a natural environment, a molded product thereof, and a film, particularly an inflation film, can be obtained.
- the method for manufacturing blown film does not require that the resin temperature during extrusion and the tube temperature when passing through the nipple be set to specific temperatures, and that the blow ratio and take-off ratio not be controlled to specific ranges.
- a tubular film that does not cause blocking has excellent film appearance, and is excellent in biodegradability, heat sealability, balance of mechanical strength, and the like.
- Inflation film is a single layer or laminated with paper and non-woven fabric, etc., and is used for packaging materials (films, sheets, etc.), agricultural materials (multi-films for agricultural use, binding tape, root-wrapping film for planting trees, etc.), consumer materials ( It can be used for various purposes including diaper back sheets, shopping bags, trash bags, draining bags, and other composite bags.
- a garbage bag and a garbage bag for draining can be easily obtained in a short time in a natural environment.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19980933971 EP0934918A1 (en) | 1997-07-28 | 1998-07-28 | Degradable coat bearing granular compositions for agricultural and horticultural use, biodegradable resin composition, moldings and films of the same, process for the production of films, and degradable trash bags |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9/217072 | 1997-07-28 | ||
JP21707297 | 1997-07-28 | ||
JP25621897 | 1997-09-05 | ||
JP9/256218 | 1997-09-05 | ||
JP9/260909 | 1997-09-09 | ||
JP26090997 | 1997-09-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999005078A1 true WO1999005078A1 (fr) | 1999-02-04 |
Family
ID=27329974
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1998/003365 WO1999005078A1 (fr) | 1997-07-28 | 1998-07-28 | Compositions degradables en granules comportant un revetement a usage agricole et horticole, composition biodegradable de resine, ses moulages et feuils, procede de fabrication de feuils et sacs a dechets degradables |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0934918A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999005078A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000029460A1 (fr) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-25 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Copolymere aliphatique, procede de production, composition de resine polyester aliphatique, diverses utilisations, composition de revetement, et composition particulaire horticole ou agricole comprenant le film de revetement degradable |
US7220469B2 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2007-05-22 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Aliphatic copolyester resin, a preparation method, an aliphatic polyester resin composition, uses thereof, a coating composition, a particle-state composition for agriculture and gardening coated by degradable layer |
US7722894B2 (en) | 2001-10-22 | 2010-05-25 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Biodegradable polymer |
KR101058977B1 (ko) | 2002-05-13 | 2011-08-23 | 이 아이 듀폰 디 네모아 앤드 캄파니 | 내구성 어셈블리지를 제공하는 화상형성 방법 및 생산물 |
FR2864948A1 (fr) * | 2004-01-13 | 2005-07-15 | Hugues Tomeo | Sac en papier jetable pouvant etre utilise comme poubelle ou comme sac contenant. il est etanche - accrochable - et a fermeture. |
CA2636817C (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2015-11-03 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Biodegradable elastomers |
WO2008144514A2 (en) | 2007-05-17 | 2008-11-27 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Polyol-based polymers |
GR1006212B (el) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-01-08 | Y-Not Plastic Επε -Βιομηχανια Και Εμπορια Πλαστικων | Σακουλες απορριματων αρωματικες -φωτοδιασπωμενες - αντιμικροβιακες |
US9023757B2 (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2015-05-05 | Celanese Acetate Llc | Substituted cellulose acetates and uses thereof |
WO2014046679A1 (en) | 2012-09-24 | 2014-03-27 | Celanese Acetate Llc | Wood laminate articles comprising substituted cellulose ester adhesives and methods relating thereto |
US9090045B2 (en) | 2012-09-24 | 2015-07-28 | Celanese Acetate Llc | Engineered wood produced with substituted cellulose ester adhesives and methods relating thereto |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0514008Y2 (ja) * | 1985-08-26 | 1993-04-14 | ||
JPH05279158A (ja) * | 1991-12-04 | 1993-10-26 | Korea Advanced Inst Of Sci Technol | 遅効性粒状肥料の製造方法 |
JPH06279161A (ja) * | 1992-07-09 | 1994-10-04 | Korea Advanced Inst Of Sci Technol | 遅効性粒状肥料の製造方法 |
JPH0733576A (ja) * | 1993-07-21 | 1995-02-03 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 分解速度の異なる被膜材よりなる多層被覆粒状肥料 |
JPH0776632A (ja) * | 1992-11-13 | 1995-03-20 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | 生分解性セルロースエステル組成物および成形品 |
JPH08245836A (ja) * | 1995-03-08 | 1996-09-24 | Chisso Corp | 易崩壊性組成物 |
-
1998
- 1998-07-28 EP EP19980933971 patent/EP0934918A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-07-28 WO PCT/JP1998/003365 patent/WO1999005078A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0514008Y2 (ja) * | 1985-08-26 | 1993-04-14 | ||
JPH05279158A (ja) * | 1991-12-04 | 1993-10-26 | Korea Advanced Inst Of Sci Technol | 遅効性粒状肥料の製造方法 |
JPH06279161A (ja) * | 1992-07-09 | 1994-10-04 | Korea Advanced Inst Of Sci Technol | 遅効性粒状肥料の製造方法 |
JPH0776632A (ja) * | 1992-11-13 | 1995-03-20 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | 生分解性セルロースエステル組成物および成形品 |
JPH0733576A (ja) * | 1993-07-21 | 1995-02-03 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 分解速度の異なる被膜材よりなる多層被覆粒状肥料 |
JPH08245836A (ja) * | 1995-03-08 | 1996-09-24 | Chisso Corp | 易崩壊性組成物 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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YOSHINAGA ABE, "Compounding Additives for Plastics - Fundamentals and Applications, New Edition (in Japanese)", First Edition, TAISEI-SHA K.K., (1984), p. 112, 288, XP002913850 * |
Also Published As
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EP0934918A1 (en) | 1999-08-11 |
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