WO1999000324A1 - Lösliche, saure polyphosphate und verfahren und vorrichtung zu ihrer herstellung - Google Patents
Lösliche, saure polyphosphate und verfahren und vorrichtung zu ihrer herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999000324A1 WO1999000324A1 PCT/EP1998/003823 EP9803823W WO9900324A1 WO 1999000324 A1 WO1999000324 A1 WO 1999000324A1 EP 9803823 W EP9803823 W EP 9803823W WO 9900324 A1 WO9900324 A1 WO 9900324A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyphosphates
- melt
- phosphate
- melting
- content
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/38—Condensed phosphates
- C01B25/40—Polyphosphates
- C01B25/41—Polyphosphates of alkali metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
- A23C19/06—Treating cheese curd after whey separation; Products obtained thereby
- A23C19/068—Particular types of cheese
- A23C19/08—Process cheese preparations; Making thereof, e.g. melting, emulsifying, sterilizing
- A23C19/082—Adding substances to the curd before or during melting; Melting salts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to readily soluble, acidic polyphosphates with a high P 2 O 5 content and processes for their preparation and furthermore describes a suitable device which permits continuous operation.
- Acidic polyphosphates are understood by those skilled in the art to be those which have a sodium / phosphorus molar ratio of ⁇ 1, in particular ⁇ 0.9, corresponding to an Na 2 O content of ⁇ 30% by weight, and in the solid state usually 2- Contain 10% by weight of water.
- the water content is essentially based on the presence of free phosphoric acid hydroxyl groups.
- the degree of polymerization also serves to characterize these phosphates, which are characterized by chain and ring-shaped structures. Due to the high content of free hydroxyl groups, the solutions of these phosphates are very acidic.
- Another crystalline form corresponds to the formula Na 3 H (P0 3 ) 4 , which can be obtained in 12 hours by heating to 600 ° C. and tempering at 350 ° C. This product is also insoluble in water (Griffith.ACS 1956, pp. 3867-3870 and US-P 2,774,672).
- DE 4128124 C2 describes acidic polyphosphates as an additive or as a molten salt for the preparation of cheese. These polyphosphates are produced from monosodium phosphate and phosphoric acid or sodium hydroxide solution and phosphoric acid in suitable mixing ratios directly by melting at 400 ° C to 500 ° C, with residence times of 20 min to 2 hours, the composition of the end product being determined by melting temperature, residence time and Na / P- Ratio is determined. For the general manufacturing conditions, reference is made to the above US Pat. No. 2,774,672. These polyphosphates are said to have stabilizing and preserving properties.
- the P 2 O 5 content is between 73 and 77% by weight, the Na 2 O content is between 20 and 25% and the residual water content is 2 to 3% by weight.
- the Na / P ratio is therefore between 0.6 and 0.8.
- the solubility of such products is about 90 minutes, which is necessary for the intended use as a molten salt and stabilizing agent. tel in the cheese industry is too slow. Because of the necessary processing times, dissolving times of less than 30 minutes, preferably less than 20 minutes, would be desirable.
- polyphosphates For use as food phosphates, including for processed cheese production, such polyphosphates must have a number of properties and functions:
- a) there must be solid, easy-to-handle powders which b) have a high solubility, in particular a time to dissolution in water of less than 30, preferably less than 20 minutes, c) a good complexing ability for alkaline earth metals, in particular calcium and magnesium, d ) a good buffering effect in the acidic range, especially for use in salad dressings and mayonnaises, for example, e) a preserving effect (expressed in the reduction in the number of germs per volume and amount) even during the storage time of the finished cheese, f) a stabilizing effect compared to other additives, in particular Show vitamin C.
- These medium-length chains surprisingly have a very high dissolution rate, with dissolution times for 10% by weight of about 10 minutes being achieved in favorable cases.
- a large part of the acidic groups is blocked by the chain-like structure, so that these polymers are significantly less acidic than the analytical content of phosphoric acid.
- the compounds are able to hydrolyze slowly and to this extent exert a strong buffering effect.
- the polymeric structure is capable of complexing divalent ions, especially magnesium and calcium ions, and thus preventing their precipitation as poorly soluble phosphates.
- these polyphosphates have proven to be surprisingly good stabilizers. They also show a slightly microbiocidal effect on bacteria and especially fungi
- chain lengths and the degree of crosslinking of polyphosphates can be determined very easily with modern 31 P-NMR methods by dissolving the polyphosphate in deuterium oxide and during or briefly after the dissolution process, ie before a noticeable hydrolysis begins and the result is falsified, picks up the resonance signals of the different phosphate groups.
- Terminal phosphate groups have a resonance at -6 to -12 ppm
- medium-sized phosphate groups in the chain have a resonance frequency of -18 to -24 ppm
- cyclic phosphates have a resonance at -23 (trimetaphosphate) or -21 ppm (Tetrametaphosphate).
- the signal of the free orthophosphates is found under these circumstances at 0 ⁇ 2 ppm, depending on the acidity.
- the water content of the products which in this case determines predominantly bound water, is usually determined by determining the loss on ignition at 600 to 800 ° C., zinc oxide being added to the determinations in order to avoid P 2 O 5 losses in the case of acidic polyphosphates.
- the measured turbidity in TE / F is assessed visually according to the following scheme:
- the products according to the invention are prepared by predrying an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid and sodium phosphate or sodium hydroxide solution in a sodium / phosphorus ratio of 0.3 to 0.6 to a water content of approximately 20% and melting by slowly heating this mixture in a suitable oven at temperatures of 400 to 600 °, for a period of 60 to 120 minutes.
- a suitable oven at temperatures of 400 to 600 °, for a period of 60 to 120 minutes.
- the water vapor pressure above the melt is set to 0.1-0.5 bar as a further parameter.
- the melt After a short cooling phase, the melt is cooled to room temperature in an anhydrous atmosphere and ground to fineness of powder. Products with a Na / P ratio of less than 0.3 can no longer be ground or solidify at room temperature.
- Table 3 shows that with a very long residence time at temperatures of 500 ° or with shorter residence times at even higher temperatures, the average chain length increases significantly, which is also shown by the decrease in the loss on ignition. The corresponding, more crosslinked products are no longer sufficiently soluble to be used according to the invention.
- the aforementioned phosphate solution is continuously introduced into a melting furnace according to FIG. 1 via a diaphragm metering pump, whose stroke volume and cycle frequency can be adjusted.
- a tube furnace 1 in the current case a type F 500 from Gero, with a total length of 750 cm and a heating zone of 500 cm was used
- a quartz tube 3 with a length of 880 cm and a diameter of 55 cm.
- a slightly inclined melting tank 2 which is milled out of a graphite rod, which has an area of 256 cm 2 and a volume of 1024 cm 3 , which can be reduced to 256 cm 3 by inserting an insert wedge if necessary
- silicon carbide can also be used as the material; other ceramic materials are partially attacked by the phosphate melts.
- the Phosphate solution is fed in at a metering rate of 300 g / h via line 4, the melt produced runs continuously via line 5 due to the inclination at the end of the melting tank 2 and is solidified in a glass-like manner via a cooled roller 6.
- the phosphate glass obtained is broken with the exclusion of atmospheric moisture with a scraper 7 and ground to powder after being stored temporarily in container 8.
- the inlet zone of the quartz tube 1a is preheated to 100 °, the actual reaction zone 1b is set to 650 to 675 °, resulting in melt temperatures of 515 to 560 °.
- the apparatus is continuously flowed through with a 10 l / min nitrogen stream via line 9, which is set to 150 mbar water vapor pressure by passing through 60 ° warm water in the scrubber 10.
- Table 5 It is shown that optimal solubilities corresponding to chain lengths of approximately 20 to 30 can be achieved at melt temperatures of up to 530 °.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Dairy Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SK1768-99A SK286395B6 (sk) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-23 | Spôsob výroby rozpustných kyslých polyfosfátov |
EP98938627A EP0991589A1 (de) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-23 | Lösliche, saure polyphosphate und verfahren und vorrichtung zu ihrer herstellung |
PL337655A PL192090B1 (pl) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-23 | Sposób i urządzenie do wytwarzania rozpuszczalnych, kwaśnych polifosforanów oraz ich zastosowanie |
JP50526999A JP2002507957A (ja) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-23 | 可溶性の酸性ポリ燐酸塩およびこれを製造する装置 |
AU87281/98A AU734894B2 (en) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-23 | Soluble acid polyphosphates and device for their production |
CA002295687A CA2295687C (en) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-23 | Soluble acid polyphosphates and device for their production |
BR9811271-6A BR9811271A (pt) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-23 | Polifosfatos ácidos solúveis e processo e dispositivo para a sua preparação |
KR10-1999-7012306A KR100522290B1 (ko) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-23 | 가용성 산 폴리포스페이트 및 그 제조 방법 및 장치 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19727144.8 | 1997-06-26 | ||
DE19727144A DE19727144A1 (de) | 1997-06-26 | 1997-06-26 | Lösliche, saure Polyphosphate und Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu ihrer Herstellung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999000324A1 true WO1999000324A1 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
Family
ID=7833709
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1998/003823 WO1999000324A1 (de) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-23 | Lösliche, saure polyphosphate und verfahren und vorrichtung zu ihrer herstellung |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0991589A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002507957A (de) |
KR (1) | KR100522290B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1161273C (de) |
AU (1) | AU734894B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9811271A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2295687C (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ300062B6 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19727144A1 (de) |
HU (1) | HUP0003050A3 (de) |
PL (1) | PL192090B1 (de) |
SK (1) | SK286395B6 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999000324A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003055318A1 (de) * | 2001-12-22 | 2003-07-10 | Bk Giulini Chemie Gmbh | Verwendung einer phosphatmischung zur herstellung von konzentrierten lösungen und salzlaken für die nahrungsmittelindustrie |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040002444A1 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2004-01-01 | Toshikazu Shiba | Polyphosphate-water soluble collagen complexes and process for preparation thereof |
WO2013119672A2 (en) * | 2012-02-07 | 2013-08-15 | Icl Performance Products Lp | Use of acidic polyphosphates in beverage products |
CN111547695B (zh) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-09-10 | 云南莱德福科技有限公司 | 一种网状分支结构的多聚磷酸盐及其制备方法 |
CN116812892B (zh) * | 2023-07-10 | 2024-07-16 | 四川金地亚美科技有限公司 | 一种酸式六偏磷酸钠的制备方法 |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2021012A (en) * | 1932-10-27 | 1935-11-12 | Swann Res Inc | Process for production of acid alkali-metal pyrophosphates |
DD125401A1 (de) * | 1976-04-30 | 1977-04-20 | ||
GB1547993A (en) * | 1976-04-14 | 1979-07-04 | Albright & Wilson | Manufacture of condensed phosphates |
SU814855A1 (ru) * | 1979-06-19 | 1981-03-23 | Белорусский Технологический Институтим. C.M.Кирова | Способ получени полифосфатаНАТРи |
SU994403A1 (ru) * | 1980-04-09 | 1983-02-07 | Институт химических наук АН КазССР | Способ получени триполифосфата натри |
EP0108685A2 (de) * | 1982-11-04 | 1984-05-16 | Calgon Corporation | Glasartiges, kristallines Phosphatprodukt und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
EP0351281A1 (de) * | 1988-07-13 | 1990-01-17 | Rhone-Poulenc Chimie | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Phosphaten durch Schmelzen |
SU1692936A1 (ru) * | 1988-09-13 | 1991-11-23 | Белорусский технологический институт им.С.М.Кирова | Способ получени полифосфата натри |
DE4128124A1 (de) * | 1991-08-24 | 1993-02-25 | Benckiser Knapsack Ladenburg | Saure natriumpolyphosphate, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung zur herstellung von kaese |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2774672A (en) * | 1955-03-18 | 1956-12-18 | Monsanto Chemicals | Metaphosphate composition |
SE396362B (sv) * | 1972-07-31 | 1977-09-19 | Rhone Progil | Forfarande och apparat for framstellning av alkalimetallpolyfosfat med forutbestemd kristallform |
DE3033065C2 (de) * | 1980-09-03 | 1984-05-24 | Giulini Chemie Gmbh, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines schnellöslichen Alkalipolyphosphatglases |
CS270316B1 (cs) * | 1988-03-11 | 1990-06-13 | Kucera Miloslav | Způsob výroby tripolyfosfátu sodného |
-
1997
- 1997-06-26 DE DE19727144A patent/DE19727144A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1998
- 1998-06-23 CN CNB988065851A patent/CN1161273C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-23 BR BR9811271-6A patent/BR9811271A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-23 JP JP50526999A patent/JP2002507957A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-23 EP EP98938627A patent/EP0991589A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-23 CA CA002295687A patent/CA2295687C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-23 AU AU87281/98A patent/AU734894B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-23 HU HU0003050A patent/HUP0003050A3/hu unknown
- 1998-06-23 SK SK1768-99A patent/SK286395B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-23 KR KR10-1999-7012306A patent/KR100522290B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-23 CZ CZ0451099A patent/CZ300062B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-23 PL PL337655A patent/PL192090B1/pl unknown
- 1998-06-23 WO PCT/EP1998/003823 patent/WO1999000324A1/de active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2021012A (en) * | 1932-10-27 | 1935-11-12 | Swann Res Inc | Process for production of acid alkali-metal pyrophosphates |
GB1547993A (en) * | 1976-04-14 | 1979-07-04 | Albright & Wilson | Manufacture of condensed phosphates |
DD125401A1 (de) * | 1976-04-30 | 1977-04-20 | ||
SU814855A1 (ru) * | 1979-06-19 | 1981-03-23 | Белорусский Технологический Институтим. C.M.Кирова | Способ получени полифосфатаНАТРи |
SU994403A1 (ru) * | 1980-04-09 | 1983-02-07 | Институт химических наук АН КазССР | Способ получени триполифосфата натри |
EP0108685A2 (de) * | 1982-11-04 | 1984-05-16 | Calgon Corporation | Glasartiges, kristallines Phosphatprodukt und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
EP0351281A1 (de) * | 1988-07-13 | 1990-01-17 | Rhone-Poulenc Chimie | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Phosphaten durch Schmelzen |
SU1692936A1 (ru) * | 1988-09-13 | 1991-11-23 | Белорусский технологический институт им.С.М.Кирова | Способ получени полифосфата натри |
DE4128124A1 (de) * | 1991-08-24 | 1993-02-25 | Benckiser Knapsack Ladenburg | Saure natriumpolyphosphate, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung zur herstellung von kaese |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 8152, Derwent World Patents Index; Class E34, AN 81-96425D, XP002085947 * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 8348, Derwent World Patents Index; Class D25, AN 83-831889, XP002085945 * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9241, Derwent World Patents Index; Class E34, AN 92-339313, XP002085946 * |
ELVERS B ET AL: "ULLMANN S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY", 1992, ULLMANN'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY, PARKINSONISM TREATMENT TO PHOTOELECTRICITY, NR. VOL. A19, ELVERS B;HAWKINS S; SCHULZ G, XP002085944 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003055318A1 (de) * | 2001-12-22 | 2003-07-10 | Bk Giulini Chemie Gmbh | Verwendung einer phosphatmischung zur herstellung von konzentrierten lösungen und salzlaken für die nahrungsmittelindustrie |
US7641932B2 (en) | 2001-12-22 | 2010-01-05 | B.K. Giulini Gmbh | Use of a phosphate mixture for the production of concentrated solutions and brine for the food industry |
DE10163954C5 (de) * | 2001-12-22 | 2016-12-22 | Bk Giulini Gmbh | Verwendung einer Phosphatmischung zur Herstellung von konzentrierten Lösungen und Salzlaken für die Nahrungsmittelindustrie |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR9811271A (pt) | 2000-07-18 |
EP0991589A1 (de) | 2000-04-12 |
KR20010014220A (ko) | 2001-02-26 |
AU734894B2 (en) | 2001-06-28 |
CZ451099A3 (cs) | 2000-06-14 |
CA2295687A1 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
PL192090B1 (pl) | 2006-08-31 |
SK286395B6 (sk) | 2008-09-05 |
HUP0003050A2 (hu) | 2001-02-28 |
HUP0003050A3 (en) | 2003-02-28 |
JP2002507957A (ja) | 2002-03-12 |
CN1161273C (zh) | 2004-08-11 |
AU8728198A (en) | 1999-01-19 |
KR100522290B1 (ko) | 2005-10-19 |
SK176899A3 (en) | 2000-07-11 |
CA2295687C (en) | 2003-11-18 |
PL337655A1 (en) | 2000-08-28 |
CN1261328A (zh) | 2000-07-26 |
CZ300062B6 (cs) | 2009-01-21 |
DE19727144A1 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE69400256T2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von mit Carbonat angereicherten Hydroxyapatit Zusammensetzungen | |
DE2849313C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Calciumsulfatwhiskern | |
DE2622458C3 (de) | Verfahren zur Stabilisierung von Natriumpercarbonat | |
DE69122409T2 (de) | Verfahren zur erhöhung der relativen viskosität von polyamiden | |
DE1467019A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von feinteiligem Siliciumdioxyd durch Umsetzung von Alkalisilikatloesungen mit Saeureloesungen | |
DE3932469A1 (de) | Antimikrobielle hydroxyapatit-pulver und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung | |
DE1567496B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Natriumpolyphosphatglaesern | |
DE1940500A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Trennung eines Titan- oder Zirkoniumsalzes einer Phosphoroxysaeure in deren Komponenten | |
DE2924024A1 (de) | Fluessige zusammensetzung zur lichtund waermestabilisierung von polyamiden, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung zum stabilisieren von polyamiden | |
EP0073012A1 (de) | Härter für Wasserglaskitte | |
WO1999000324A1 (de) | Lösliche, saure polyphosphate und verfahren und vorrichtung zu ihrer herstellung | |
EP0486813B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von wässrigen Suspensionen von Hydroxylapatit | |
DE4128124C2 (de) | Verwendung von Natriumpolyphosphaten zur Herstellung von Käse | |
DE60203856T2 (de) | Anorganische Faser und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung | |
WO2017220366A1 (de) | Lösliche eisenphosphate und verfahren zu deren herstellung | |
AT326160B (de) | Feste, klar wasserlosliche volldüngemittelmischungen | |
DE2147151B2 (de) | Verfahren zur reinigung von nassverfahrensphosphorsaeure | |
DE69807990T2 (de) | Verfahren zur Stabilisierung von 4,6-Diaminoresorcin und dessen Salzen | |
DE1667836C3 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Apatiten | |
DE2161415A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Propylenglykolalginat | |
AT301461B (de) | Verfahren zur Wasserimpfung | |
DE4207555A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung schmelzestabiler polyarylenetherketone und ihre verwendung | |
DE1567524B1 (de) | Glasartige Polyphosphatmassen,deren Verwendung sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung | |
DE2448047B2 (de) | Gelstippenarmes Polylaurinlactam | |
DE1218414B (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Phosphorsaeuregemisches |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 98806585.1 Country of ref document: CN |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE HU IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1998938627 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: PV1999-4510 Country of ref document: CZ |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 176899 Country of ref document: SK |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: PA/a/1999/012021 Country of ref document: MX |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2295687 Country of ref document: CA Ref document number: 2295687 Country of ref document: CA Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1019997012306 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 87281/98 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 09446733 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1998938627 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: PV1999-4510 Country of ref document: CZ |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1019997012306 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 87281/98 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1019997012306 Country of ref document: KR |