WO1998037953A1 - Dispositif pour le traitement thermique de matieres solides coulantes - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le traitement thermique de matieres solides coulantes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998037953A1
WO1998037953A1 PCT/DE1998/000346 DE9800346W WO9837953A1 WO 1998037953 A1 WO1998037953 A1 WO 1998037953A1 DE 9800346 W DE9800346 W DE 9800346W WO 9837953 A1 WO9837953 A1 WO 9837953A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transport
shaft
mixing
elements
drum
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1998/000346
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Heschel
Dirk MÜLLER
Original Assignee
Helsa-Werke Helmut Sandler Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Helsa-Werke Helmut Sandler Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Helsa-Werke Helmut Sandler Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO1998037953A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998037953A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/051—Stirrers characterised by their elements, materials or mechanical properties
    • B01F27/054—Deformable stirrers, e.g. deformed by a centrifugal force applied during operation
    • B01F27/0541—Deformable stirrers, e.g. deformed by a centrifugal force applied during operation with mechanical means to alter the position of the stirring elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/92—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws
    • B01F27/921—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with helices centrally mounted in the receptacle
    • B01F27/9212—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with helices centrally mounted in the receptacle with conical helices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
    • B01F29/40—Parts or components, e.g. receptacles, feeding or discharging means
    • B01F29/403—Disposition of the rotor axis
    • B01F29/4031—Disposition of the rotor axis horizontal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
    • B01F29/60—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers
    • B01F29/64—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers with stirring devices moving in relation to the receptacle, e.g. rotating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for the thermal treatment of flowable or free-flowing solids with an essentially horizontally arranged drum, wherein elements for mixing and / or transporting the solids are arranged in the drum.
  • the thermal treatment of granular solids is an essential process step in many production processes. These include heating and cooling, drying, pyrolyzing and gasifying, oxidizing and sintering various inorganic as well as organic, granular to powdery solids. Common
  • a feature of these processes is that the properties of solids can be specifically changed by treatment at certain temperatures.
  • the thermal treatment can take place in an inert, oxidizing or reducing atmosphere and also in a wide temperature range. It is typical of these processes that substances / substance components pass from the gas phase to the solid or from the solid to the gas phase.
  • mass transfer is coupled with chemical reactions between the gas and solid phase or in only one phase (gas or solid). This requires intensive contact between the two phases, devices of the type described in the introduction are generally used as rotary kilns in a wide variety of areas.
  • the guarantee is an intensive contact of solid and gas, a high contact frequency of the solid particles on heat transfer surfaces for heating or cooling, a sufficient movement impulse on the individual particles with sticky or solids that tend to sinter, a directed transport of the solid and / or gas phase without flow dead spaces in the apparatus or reactor volume, a residence time of all solid particles that is as uniform as possible, a high solid concentration in the reaction space, a high specific throughput and utilization of the device volume as well as low investment and
  • this device should have as many possible uses.
  • the present object is achieved by a device for the thermal treatment of flowable or free-flowing solids of the type described in the introduction in that a rotatably mounted shaft is arranged in the interior of the drum is, and the elements for mixing and / or transport of the solids are attached to the shaft.
  • the advantage of the embodiment according to the invention is in particular that the efficiency in mixing and transporting the free-flowing or free-flowing solids is greater with regard to the requirements mentioned at the outset than in the devices known from the prior art.
  • the transport or mixing elements which are preferably rigidly attached to the shaft, can differ in shape, number and
  • the angle of attack between the plane of the transport elements and the shaft axis influences the transport speed and direction.
  • the degree of filling in the reaction tube can be changed locally by different angles of attack of the transport elements, which makes it possible to influence the residence time of the solid in certain zones of the reactor.
  • a negative angle of attack can be selected for individual transport paddles, which leads to a local increase in the degree of filling.
  • the transport elements can also be arranged in an imaginary ascending or descending spiral along the shaft axis. When the spiral rises, the lowest transport speed is reached during the highest transport speed is reached with a descending spiral. Of course, this only applies to otherwise identical settings (e.g. with regard to the speed and the solids throughput).
  • the mixing intensity can be influenced regardless of the speed of the shaft via the shape of the mixing elements.
  • the mixing elements can be designed so that they e.g. have a straight or curved surface, which can optionally be provided with slots and / or side edges etc. Because of the variation possibilities mentioned, there is the advantage that materials with the most varied properties can be treated in the device according to the invention.
  • the transport and / or mixing elements can be selected according to the material to be processed and their angle can be adjusted. For example, also for
  • the device according to the invention is heated either indirectly via the tube wall, directly by hot gases or by combustion of gases in the reaction space. Reactions can not only be controlled by the temperature control, but also by the fact that the gaseous reactants are added at various points along the reaction tube. In gas-solid reactions, e.g. when activating carbon-containing materials, this is preferably done from below, because the gases are in intimate contact with the
  • Solid can occur in the corresponding zone of the reaction space.
  • the gaseous reactants are preferably introduced from above into the gas space above the solid.
  • This type of gas supply is used, among other things. selected for the internal heating of the reactor by oxidation of flammable gases.
  • the device is made using generally known metering devices, such as metering plates, cellular wheels and the like, the throughput of the system being able to be set and controlled using the metering device.
  • the total dwell time can be increased, for example, if the speed of the shaft is reduced with a constant throughput.
  • the opposite, that is to say the reduction in the total dwell time can be achieved by increasing the speed of the shaft with a constant throughput.
  • the residence time of the solid in the individual zones of the reactor can also be changed by tilting the tube.
  • a downward slope leads to an increase in the degree of filling in the direction of movement, while an upward slope results in a corresponding decrease.
  • the residence time of the solid increases with the degree of filling of the reaction tube.
  • the residence time and / or the degree of filling is also influenced by the geometry of the drum. preferred
  • Embodiments of the drum therefore have a conical shape or a diameter which increases conically or stepwise in one direction.
  • the mixing and / or transport elements are each adapted to the drum diameter, so that their effect as such is not impaired.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the device according to the invention, wherein the in the Drum arranged shaft is shown without the elements for mixing and / or transport;
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section of the drum with a
  • Figure 3 shows a cross section of the drum with a gradually increasing diameter
  • FIG. 4a shows a section of a shaft of the device according to the invention with elements arranged thereon for mixing and / or transporting the solids;
  • FIG. 4b shows a view of the detail of the shaft from FIG. 4a rotated by 90 °;
  • Figure 5a shows a section of the shaft of the device according to the invention with elements for
  • Figure 5b is a view rotated by 90 ° of the shaft
  • FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention for the thermal treatment of flowable or free-flowing solids with a horizontally arranged drum 1 and a shaft 2 arranged therein.
  • the reference number 3 generally designates the casing of the drum consisting of heating elements and insulation.
  • Channels 4 lead through this sheathing, which can serve for the introduction of thermocouples and for the gas supply.
  • the channels 4 can also be designed so that they serve at the same time for the introduction of the thermocouples and for the gas supply.
  • a material supply 5 and a material discharge 6 are located at the ends of the drum, the material supply advantageously being carried out from above and the material discharge downwards.
  • a gas discharge 7 is provided at the end of the drum 1 on which the material discharge 6 is arranged. The gas discharge 7 is expediently directed upwards.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section of a drum la with a conically changing diameter.
  • the shaft 2 is arranged in the drum axis, elements 8 for mixing and / or transporting the solids being arranged thereon.
  • the elements 8 for mixing and / or transporting the solids are of different lengths, their length being adapted to the drum diameter.
  • a further drum 1b is shown in FIG. 3, the diameter of which increases gradually.
  • the shaft 2 is arranged in the drum axis.
  • the elements 8 arranged on the shaft 2 for mixing and / or transport The solids also have different lengths in this embodiment, since their lengths are designed in accordance with the drum diameter.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b A section of a shaft 2 is shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b.
  • Figures 4a and 4b differ in that in figure 4b the shaft 2 is rotated by 90 ° with respect to that in figure 4a.
  • a screw 9 is arranged on the shaft 2, as can be provided at the end of the shaft 2 for the supply and / or removal of material.
  • the elements 8 for mixing and / or transporting the solids are shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b in such a way that the elements 8 with a surface running parallel to the shaft axis serve for mixing and the elements 8 with a surface oriented at an angle to the shaft axis for transporting the Solids.
  • the transport elements 8 are arranged offset in an ascending spiral by 90 ° (with the shaft turning to the left).
  • Each transport element 8 is opposed to a mixing element 8, ie on each level on which a transport element 8 is arranged there is a mixing element 8 which is offset by 180 ° with respect to the transport element 8.
  • the angle of attack of the transport elements 8 to the shaft axis is indicated in FIG. 4 and was set to 15 ° in the actual exemplary embodiment.
  • the section of the shaft 2 shown in FIG. 1 shows the positions of the transport and mixing elements 8 in exemplary embodiment 1 on the first two thirds. If solids are now transported through the shaft 2 in the device according to the invention, the solids mass moved by the transport elements 8 remains in a zone for three quarters of a turn and is only mixed in the process.
  • FIGS Another embodiment of the shaft 2 of the device according to the invention is shown in FIGS.
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b in which in turn a screw 9 is arranged on the shaft 2 and is used for supplying and / or removing goods.
  • the representations in FIGS. 5a and 5b differ in that the shaft 2 in FIG. 5b is rotated by 90 ° with respect to the shaft 2 in FIG. 5a.
  • the elements 8 arranged on the shaft 2 for mixing and transporting the solids are arranged in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b such that some of these elements 8 have a surface alignment with respect to the shaft axis with a negative sign, ie with a negative angle of attack.
  • the last third (as seen in the conveying direction) of the shaft 2 had such an arrangement of the transport and mixing elements 8.
  • the transport elements were arranged at an angle of attack of 15 ° to the shaft axis and the mixing elements at an angle of attack of minus 10 °.
  • Residence time spectrum of the solid measured with the pipe in a horizontal position. During the measurement, the inclination of the shaft was 0 °, the solids throughput was 1650 cm 3 / h, and the shaft rotated at a speed of 2 rpm. and there was a filling level of 21%. From the measured data, an average residence time of 33 min. with a standard deviation of ⁇ 5.5 min. be determined.
  • the amount of solids was reduced to half at the same speed of the shaft compared to embodiment 1.
  • the inclination of the shaft was 0 °
  • the solids throughput was 830 cm 3 / h
  • the shaft rotated at a speed of 2 rpm. and there was a filling level of 13%.
  • the average dwell time in embodiment 2 was 46 minutes. with a standard deviation of ⁇ 8 min. determined.
  • a curve fitting carried out as in example 1 gave for example 2 a Bodenstein number of 61 and an equivalent number of cells of 31. From this it follows that a reduction in the throughput with a simultaneously decreasing degree of filling slightly increases the longitudinal mixing of the solid, as in the falling values of Bodenstein number and number of cells can be seen.
  • the shaft was set with an inclination angle of 1 ° (downward inclination in the conveying direction).
  • the following conditions prevailed: inclination of the shaft 1 °, solids throughput 520 cm 3 / h, speed of the shaft 1 rpm, filling level 13.7% which occurs.
  • the measured residence time distribution gave an average residence time of 64 min. and a standard deviation of ⁇ 9 min.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show the relationship between the average dwell time or volume throughput and the speed of the shaft with the degree of filling as parameters, the values being determined using a test device according to exemplary embodiments 1 to 3.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour le traitement thermique de matières solides coulantes, comprenant un tambour disposé pratiquement horizontalement (1). Dans ledit tambour sont placés des éléments (8) servant au mélange et/ou au transport des matières solides. A l'intérieur dudit tambour est placé un arbre monté rotatif (2), sur lequel sont fixés les éléments (8) servant à mélanger et/ou transporter les matières solides.
PCT/DE1998/000346 1997-02-25 1998-02-05 Dispositif pour le traitement thermique de matieres solides coulantes WO1998037953A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19707438A DE19707438A1 (de) 1997-02-25 1997-02-25 Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung fließ- oder rieselfähiger Feststoffe
DE19707438.3 1997-02-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998037953A1 true WO1998037953A1 (fr) 1998-09-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1998/000346 WO1998037953A1 (fr) 1997-02-25 1998-02-05 Dispositif pour le traitement thermique de matieres solides coulantes

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DE (1) DE19707438A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998037953A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1595671A1 (fr) * 2004-05-10 2005-11-16 New Generation Holding Appareil de traitement de matières plastiques dans un but de recyclage et procédé utilisant cet appareil

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3104769A1 (de) * 1981-02-11 1982-09-16 Ernst 7326 Heiningen Weichel Verfahren und vorrichtung zur gewinnung nutzbarer waerme durch schnellverrottung bzw. kompostierung, insbesondere pflanzlicher abfallstoffe sowie stallmist
FR2602695A1 (fr) * 1986-08-14 1988-02-19 Simon Sa Dispositif alimentateur-conditionneur, pour presse a granuler, notamment pour la fabrication de granules destines a l'alimentation du betail
EP0356419A2 (fr) * 1988-08-16 1990-02-28 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour produire des solutions de cellulose
EP0441994A1 (fr) * 1988-11-08 1991-08-21 Franz Böhnensieker Procédé et appareil de transformation biologique au moins partiellement de matières organiques en biomasse
EP0664087A1 (fr) * 1994-01-20 1995-07-26 Amandus Kahl Nachf. (GmbH & Co.) Dispositif de conditionnement thermique de fourrages et produits similaires
US5480070A (en) * 1992-07-07 1996-01-02 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Conveying arrangement for the dosed conveyance of bulk material
DE4429244A1 (de) * 1994-08-18 1996-02-22 Laeis & Bucher Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Materialaufbereitung

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1066955B (de) * 1959-10-08 Ruhrchemie Aktiengesellschaft, Oberhausen (Rhld.)-Holten Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen oder Kühlen, insbesondere Trocknen, feinteiliger Stoffe

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3104769A1 (de) * 1981-02-11 1982-09-16 Ernst 7326 Heiningen Weichel Verfahren und vorrichtung zur gewinnung nutzbarer waerme durch schnellverrottung bzw. kompostierung, insbesondere pflanzlicher abfallstoffe sowie stallmist
FR2602695A1 (fr) * 1986-08-14 1988-02-19 Simon Sa Dispositif alimentateur-conditionneur, pour presse a granuler, notamment pour la fabrication de granules destines a l'alimentation du betail
EP0356419A2 (fr) * 1988-08-16 1990-02-28 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour produire des solutions de cellulose
EP0441994A1 (fr) * 1988-11-08 1991-08-21 Franz Böhnensieker Procédé et appareil de transformation biologique au moins partiellement de matières organiques en biomasse
US5480070A (en) * 1992-07-07 1996-01-02 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Conveying arrangement for the dosed conveyance of bulk material
EP0664087A1 (fr) * 1994-01-20 1995-07-26 Amandus Kahl Nachf. (GmbH & Co.) Dispositif de conditionnement thermique de fourrages et produits similaires
DE4429244A1 (de) * 1994-08-18 1996-02-22 Laeis & Bucher Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Materialaufbereitung

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Publication number Publication date
DE19707438A1 (de) 1998-08-27

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