Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
  • B65G47/74—Feeding, transfer, or discharging devices of particular kinds or types
  • B65G47/84—Star-shaped wheels or devices having endless travelling belts or chains, the wheels or devices being equipped with article-engaging elements
  • B65G47/841—Devices having endless travelling belts or chains equipped with article-engaging elements
  • B65G47/844—Devices having endless travelling belts or chains equipped with article-engaging elements the article-engaging elements being pushers transversally movable on the supporting surface, e.g. pusher-shoes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G2207/00—Indexing codes relating to constructional details, configuration and additional features of a handling device, e.g. Conveyors
  • B65G2207/36—Pushing shoes on conveyors

Definitions

• Conveying system and method for sorting piece goods in particular parcels, parcels or containers
• the invention relates to a conveyor system for sorting piece goods, in particular parcels, parcels or containers according to the preamble of claim 1 and method for sorting piece goods according to claims 10 and 12.
• Conveyor systems of this type preferably have an endlessly circulating conveying surface which is formed from a multiplicity of conveying surface parts.
• the conveyor surface parts extend transversely to the conveying direction and are arranged parallel to one another and at a distance from one another.
• a push-off element is slidably mounted transversely to the conveying direction, by means of which the parts to be discharged can be pushed sideways from the conveying surface while they are conveyed in the conveying direction of the conveying system. Due to the lateral push-off movement, the parts to be conveyed can be pushed off a main conveyor of the conveyor system onto an adjacent branch conveyor or another receiving conveyor.
• This type of conveyor system for sorting piece goods with a conveyor surface formed from a plurality of conveyor surface parts arranged parallel to one another and fastened to two endless chains running parallel to one another has been known for many years.
• These conveyor systems use push-off elements that can be moved along the conveying surface parts for the lateral pushing off of the piece goods parts from the conveying surface.
• the push-off elements are guided by a network of guide and push-off rails.
• This rail network is generally arranged below the upper run of the conveyor surface parts rotating as a chain, and each push-off element has a downwardly extending guide element which engages in the rails.
• push-off points are arranged in the rail network in order to move the push-off elements from parallel to the conveying direction and below the lateral edge areas of the Guide rails running on conveying surfaces are diverted to a push-off rail that extends obliquely to the conveying direction, with the aim of achieving a lateral movement of the push-off element during its movement in the conveying direction.
• such conveyor systems have
• Input of the conveyor system arranged manual or automatic measuring systems for determining the length of the piece goods, whose measurement signals are used to control the push-off points to use only a corresponding number of push-off elements for pushing off the piece goods depending on the length of the piece goods.
• Sorting of piece goods is known from US Pat. Nos. 3,361, 247 and 4,738,347.
• a push-off switch When a piece of general cargo reaches a push-off area, a push-off switch is actuated which guides the guide elements of the push-off elements from the guide rails in the direction of the push-off rail.
• the push-off switch remains in this position until a number of push-off elements corresponding to the length of the piece goods part is diverted onto the push-off rail, so that a reliable push-off of the piece goods part is possible.
• the push-off switch After sufficient push-off elements have been diverted to the push-off rail, the push-off switch is moved back into its rest position and the subsequent push-off elements are further guided in the guide rails and thus along a long side of the conveying surface of the main conveyor. In this position, the adjacent to the Push-off elements on the parts conveyed by the conveyor surface parts are not pushed off.
• Push-off elements are rotated in the direction of the branch conveyor during the push-off movement. Because of this rotary movement, an additional distance between the successive general cargo parts is required in order to avoid contact between the general cargo part to be pushed off and the general cargo part closely following on the main conveyor. As a result of the rotary movement, the effective length of the piece goods is increased by moving the rear corner of the piece piece to be pushed off by a distance C in the direction of the following piece part. This distance can be calculated on the basis of the width W of the piece goods part to be pushed off and the angle ⁇ , which is determined by the orientation of the conveying direction of the main conveyor and the conveying direction of the branch conveyor to one another. The distance C is thus W sin ⁇ . For a conveyor system of this type, it is therefore necessary that the consecutive parts to be deported and to be deported have no smaller distance than W sin ⁇ from one another.
• arranging a branch conveyor at an angle ⁇ of 20 ° to the main conveyor and a width of the piece goods parts of about 0.4 m (16 inches) requires an effective extension of the piece goods parts by about 0.14 m (5.5 inches).
• a conveyor system for the sorting of piece goods which could push off piece goods parts conveyed without spacing from one another, would have a throughput of piece goods parts increased by about 23% without increasing the conveying speed.
• a group of successive push-off elements can simultaneously be guided laterally over the conveying surface of the main conveyor.
• the number of push-off elements corresponds approximately to the measured length of the general cargo parts. Since this group of push-off elements acts on almost the entire length of the general cargo part, this general cargo part is used in the
• this conveyor system is not without problems, since the general cargo parts are not rotated and are therefore still pushed parallel to the conveying direction of the main conveyor onto the branch conveyor.
• the piece goods parts are arranged obliquely to the conveying direction of the branch conveyor, i. H. their long sides are not parallel to the conveying direction of the branch conveyor. Because of this orientation, the branch conveyor must be in a larger size
• an increased throughput is achieved for the conveyor system for the sorting of piece goods by reducing the distances between the successive pieces of piece goods.
• This increase in throughput is achieved without increasing the drive power, noise or the conveying speed of the main conveyor.
• the increase in throughput is achieved solely by designing and controlling a few push-off rails and push-off switches assigned to them so that the advantages of a conveyor system with a large number of push-off rails running parallel to one another can be used.
• the control system for the push-off points is advantageously actuated as a function of the measured length of the piece goods and for a predetermined time as a function of the length of the piece goods.
• sensors are arranged along the main conveyor and upstream of the branch conveyor, which are connected to the control system.
• the control system compares the measured length of the piece goods with a first predetermined length.
• General cargo parts that are shorter than the first predetermined length are pushed off using a single push-off switch.
• the number of push-off elements that are diverted from this push-off switch into the push-off rail depends on the length of the piece goods part.
• General cargo parts that have a length that is greater than the first predetermined length but less than a second predetermined length are pushed off using two push-off points. In this mode of operation, only one push-off element is redirected from each push-off switch. General cargo parts that have a length greater than the second predetermined length are in turn only pushed off with the aid of a single push-off switch. Here too, so many push-off elements are diverted from the push-off switch, so that the piece goods part is pushed along its entire long side by push-off elements.
• the present invention offers a variety of the advantages of the previous parallel push-off technique described in the prior art, the present method being simultaneously more cost-effective and structurally simpler to implement.
• a pair of push-off rails is provided, namely a first upstream push bar and a second downstream push-pull bar arranged at a distance therefrom, into which the guide elements of the push-off elements engage and which run obliquely to the conveying direction of the main conveyor below its conveying surface.
• the first push-off rail is designed in the last section to run towards the second push-off rail.
• the second push-off rail is straight over its entire length, while the first push-off rail is only straight in its first region and curved in its adjoining second region.
• the first section of the first push-off rail initially runs essentially parallel to the second push-off rail and the second curved one
• Section of the first push-off rail begins approximately in the middle of the first push-off rail and is curved such that the second section of the first push-off rail runs towards the end of the second push-off rail; in an alternative embodiment, the first push-off rail can be formed from two sections arranged at an angle to one another, whereby the first section runs parallel to the second push-off rail and the second section runs towards the end of the second push-off rail. In a third embodiment, the first section of the first push-off rail ends approximately in the middle of the conveying surface and from here the push-off element is guided in the conveying direction of the main conveyor to the second push-off rail.
• a pair of push-off elements are diverted from the guide rails to the push-off rails, one push-off element being guided by the first push-off rail and another push-off element being guided by the second push-off rail.
• Push-off element is guided by the first straight section of the first push-off rail, both push-off elements are aligned with their contact surfaces with the piece goods parts parallel to the conveying direction of the main conveyor and thus push the piece goods part laterally and parallel to the conveying direction of the main conveyor without rotating it.
• the two push-off elements are no longer aligned parallel to the conveying direction of the main conveyor track. Rather, the piece goods part by the continuous continuous pushing the
• Push-off element of the second push-off rail rotated in the direction of the branch conveyor track. This rotary movement takes place until the piece goods part is formed with one of its long sides parallel to the conveying direction of the branch conveyor.
• the first straight section of the first push-off rail delays the start of the rotary movement of the piece goods part in the direction of the branch conveyor until such time that the piece goods part is at least partially pushed off laterally from the main conveyor. Due to the delayed rotation of the general cargo parts, possible contact of the general cargo parts to be pushed off with the subsequently on the
• Main conveyor reduced general cargo parts.
• the degree of contact between two piece goods depends on the length of the delay and the width of the subsequent piece part.
• FIG. 1 shows a top view of a conveyor system for sorting piece goods
• Figure 3 is a plan view of the transition area between one
• FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a control system
• FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram for the control of the conveyor system
• FIGS. 6a-c are schematic top views of a conveyor system for explaining the flow chart according to FIG. 5,
• FIG. 8 shows a top view of a conveyor system according to FIG. 7 with a broken-away representation in the region of the push-off rails
• Figure 9 is a plan view of the conveyor system in a second alternative
• Figure 10 is a plan view of a conveyor system in a third alternative
• Figure 11 is a schematic representation of a push-off process
• FIG. 12 shows a schematic illustration of a pushing-off process of a piece goods part in a conveyor system according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
• FIG. 1 shows a top view of a conveyor system 10 for sorting piece goods parts 3a-e, which essentially consists of a main conveyor 9 and at least one branch conveyor 5.
• the branch conveyor 5 is laterally adjacent to the main conveyor 9 and arranged at an angle ⁇ to it.
• Arrows F-- and F 2 indicate the direction of conveyance for the main conveyor 9 and the branch conveyor 5.
• the main conveyor 9 has a conveying surface 1 which is formed from a multiplicity of conveying surface parts 13.
• Conveying surface parts 13 are formed with their longitudinal extension at right angles to the conveying direction F] of the main conveyor and are each guided at their ends in rail-shaped side frame elements 2 and 2a. The details of the connection with respect to the conveyor surface parts 13 to form a revolving chain are explained in more detail in US Pat. No. 5,127,510, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference and is therefore not repeated.
• a number of push-off elements 14 are arranged on the conveyor surface parts 13 along the longitudinal side of the main conveyor 9 opposite the branch conveyor 5. If the push-off elements 14 are temporarily not used to
• push-off points 25a and 25b are arranged in the course of the guide rail 12b. These push-off points 25a and 25b are provided in all connection areas between a main conveyor 9 and a branch conveyor 5. Furthermore, means are provided to return the push-off elements 14a and 14b obliquely via the conveying surface 1 to the opposite output side of the main conveyor 9 after the push-off movement has taken place. These means are not shown in the drawings and are not described in the context of the present invention consider.
• the push-off shoe 14b is guided by a first push-off rail located upstream in the conveying direction F * and the push-off element 14a by a second second push-off rail located downstream in the conveying direction F ⁇ .
• FIG. 2 shows a plan view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a conveyor system 10, the illustration being broken up in the connection area of the branch conveyor 5 to the main conveyor 9 in order to show the components arranged below the conveyor surface 1. It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the push-off points 25a and 25b in the course of the guideway 8 for those in the rest position
• Push-off elements 14 and on the longitudinal side of the main conveyor 5 arranged on the branch conveyor 5 are arranged.
• the push-off switches 25a and 25b are preferably made in the manner described in U.S. Patent No. 5,038,912, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
• the course of the first push-off slide 11 is divided into two sections. The first section of the first push-off rail 11 runs parallel to the second push-off rail 15 and the second section is curved in the direction of the second push-off rail 15 and meets it at its end.
• the push-off elements 14 are guided further along the long side of the main conveyor 9 on the guide track 8 via the first push-off switch 25b until they reach the hit second push-off switch 25a.
• the second push-off switch 25a makes it possible, on the one hand, to redirect the push-off elements 14 to a second push-off rail 20 or a further guide along the guideway 8, depending on the switching state of the push-off switch 25a.
• FIG. 1 5 general cargo parts 3a-3e with different sizes and different rectangular bases are shown one behind the other on the main conveyor 9.
• the piece goods part 3c is being pushed by two push-off elements 14a and 14b from the conveying surface 1 of the main conveyor 9 in the direction of the branch conveyor 5.
• the push-off elements 14a and 14b grip one at the same time Longitudinal side and preferably near their ends on the piece goods part 3c and push the piece goods part 3c in the area of the first section of the first push-off rail 11 parallel to the conveying direction Fi of the main conveyor 9 in the direction of the branch conveyor 5.
• the piece goods part 3c becomes during this first part of the push-off process not rotated relative to the conveying direction F. on the conveying surface 1.
• a push-off element sensor 48 which cooperates with a reflector 50 arranged on the opposite inner side of the inner vertical wall surface 46a to detect the presence of push-off elements 14. Furthermore, a piece goods part sensor 45 is arranged on the wall surface 46 of the cover element 44a, which cooperates with a reflector 47 arranged on the opposite side of the conveying surface 1 on the outside of the wall surface 46a of the cover element 44b. Based on the light beam emitted by the push-off element sensor 48 and reflected by the reflector 50 and which intersects the movement path of the push-off elements 14 within the cover elements 44a and 44b, the known geometry is that of
• Pushing elements 14 determine their position, speed and their presence on the left or right long side of the main conveyor 9. Due to the special arrangement, the measurement signal of the push-off element sensor 47 and the reflector 50 is not impaired by the piece goods parts 3 conveyed on the conveying surface 1. Another light beam is generated by the piece goods sensor 45, which is reflected by the reflector 47. In this way, measured values can be determined with regard to the piece goods parts 3 fed onto the conveying surface 1 by the feed conveyor 42 without the measuring signals being impaired by the movement of the push-off elements 14.
• the measurement signals from sensors 45 and 48 are forwarded to a central programmable sorting control 61, which is shown in FIG.
• the sorting control 61 also receives input signals from an incremental transducer 63, which delivers measured values relating to the movement of the conveying surface 1. With the help of these 3 input signals, the sorting control 61 is able to determine the length, the position and the speed of the piece goods parts 3. Signals are also forwarded to the sorting control 61 by a label scanner 52, which is arranged in the usual way above the feed conveyor 43 in order to read and decode labels with standard barcodes arranged on one side of the piece goods. Furthermore, the sorting control 61 is connected to each push-off control 26, which is assigned to each branch conveyor 5 along the main conveyor 9.
• Each push-off controller 26 receives a further signal from a synchronizing
• each push-off control 26 is connected on the output side to two electromagnets 62a and 62b, which are used to actuate the switching elements of the push-off switches 25a and 25b.
• each push-off controller 26 receives an input signal from a branch conveyor sensor 64, which is arranged along the branch conveyor 50, in order to determine measurement signals about the degree of filling of the branch conveyor 5.
• the sorting control 61 monitors the push-off element sensor 48, the piece goods part sensor 45 and the incremental transducer 63.
• Each push-off element 14 is provided with its own push-off element number, which is part of a calibration process of the conveyor system 10 in connection with a signal relating to the detection of the first push-off element via the second line 46 after each pass of the total number of push-off elements. If the conveyor system 10 is matched once in this way, the sorting control 61 can control the individual push-off elements 14 on the basis of their serial number.
• the lengths of the general cargo parts 3 are determined at the beginning of the main conveyor 9, the identity of which is preferably determined using the label scanner and automatically assigned to a branch conveyor 5 as a destination via the sorting control 61. Furthermore, the number of the first push-off element 14 which laterally abuts the piece goods part 3 is stored for this piece goods piece 3.
• the branch conveyor 5 provided as the destination can also be entered manually into the sorting control 61.
• Each of the piece goods parts 3 fed from the feed conveyor 42 onto the main conveyor 9 is conveyed along the conveying surface 1 until it reaches a predetermined activation point for the push-off process.
• the sorting control 61 determines which push-off elements 14 - identified by their serial number - for the push-off process of the piece goods part 3 are used or whether the general cargo part 3 cannot be pushed off, since the branch conveyor sensor 64 transmits an occupied signal. In the latter case, the piece goods part 3 is not pushed off until the branch conveyor 5 has sufficient space for further piece goods parts 3 the next time the piece goods part 3 passes through.
• the sorting control 61 has a control program 65 which uses the input signals of the piece goods sensor 45 to determine the length of the piece goods 3 at program step 66.
• the control program 65 compares the determined length L of the piece goods part 3 with two predetermined lengths A and B and, as a result, comes to different output signals (see FIG. 5). If it was determined in program step 68 that the length L of the piece goods part 3 to be deported is greater than the second length B predetermined in the program, the sorting control 61 sends a series of signals via the third line 58 in order to initiate the deportation control 26 in accordance with program step 70 to activate the second diverter switch 25a.
• the push-off control 26 also receives the command to switch the second push-off switch 25a back into the rest position after a sufficient number of redirected push-off elements 14. If it was determined in program step 68 that the length L is the one to be deported
• General cargo parts 3 shorter than the length B is then determined in a program step 72 whether the length L is less than the first predetermined length A.
• the predetermined first length A is less than the second predetermined length B and is almost equal to the distance between the push-off points 25a and 25b. If the length L of the general cargo parts is less than the length A, the sends
• Sorting control 61 via the third line 58 command data to the push-off control 26, which leads to an actuation of the second push-off switch 25a under program step 74. Furthermore, the push-off control 26 receives the signal to switch the second push-off switch 25a back into the rest position after a sufficient number of deflected push-off elements 14.
• the sorting controller 61 sends data via the third line 58 to the push-off controller 26, which is thereby caused to do so, both push-off switches 25a and 25b in the direction of the slide rails 16 and 15 under program step 78.
• the transmitted data also contain commands to the push-off control 26 to switch the push-off points 25a and 25b back into the rest position after a single push-off element 14 has passed the respective push-off points 25a and 25.
• the control program 65 receives the signal to continue the program for the next general cargo part 3 to be pushed off.
• FIGS. 6a-6c show the three possible program variants previously explained in FIG. 5 using examples.
• the piece goods part has a length L that is smaller than the first predetermined length A.
• the second push-off switch 25a has been activated here, by means of which a quantity of push-off elements 14 corresponding to the length L of the piece goods part 3 in the direction of second push rail 1 are redirected.
• This push-off process corresponds to program step 74 in FIG. 5.
• FIG. 6b shows a piece goods part 3 to be pushed off, which has a length L that is greater than the second predetermined length B.
• the second pushing switch 25a seen in the conveying direction Fi is activated here and the required number of pushing elements 14 on the second pushing rail 15 redirected.
• This push-off process corresponds to program step 70 in FIG. 5.
• FIG. 6c shows a piece of piece goods with a length L between the two predetermined lengths A and B during the pushing-off process.
• For the push-off operation only one push-off element 14 was introduced into push-off rails 25 and 25b from push-off switches 25a and 25b. This push-off operation corresponds to program step 78 in FIG. 5.
• FIGS. 7 and 8 show a further embodiment of the present invention which uses the control program 65 described above.
• This embodiment does not have a first push-off rail 1, which is curved in its second section in the direction of the second push-off rail 20.
• the two push-off rails 11 and 20 here run parallel to one another over the entire width of the conveying surface 1.
• general cargo parts 3 with medium lengths are pushed off in the usual way, each with only one push-off element 14 per push-off rail 11 and 20, but they are not rotated before transfer to the branch conveyor 15.
• FIG. 7 is a piece goods part with a length L, which is between the predetermined first and second lengths A and B, shown during a push-off operation. Accordingly, one push-off element 14a and 14b for each push-off rail 11 and 19 has been removed from the push-off switches 25b and 25a.
• FIGS. 9 and 10 Further alternative embodiments of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in which the conveyor system 10 is shown broken away in the central region in order to make the components underneath visible.
• FIG. 9 shows a first push-off rail 9 which is bent at an angle approximately in the middle of the conveying surface 1, so that it consists of a first and a second section which has just been formed. The second section merges with the second push-off rail 20.
• This embodiment of a kinked push-off rail 11 has the advantage that it is easier to manufacture than a curved second section of the push-off rail 1 1.
• the kinked design of the push-off rail 11 retains the advantage that after a time delay the piece goods part 3 to be pushed off in the direction of Branch conveyor 5 is rotated.
• FIG. 9 shows a first push-off rail 9 which is bent at an angle approximately in the middle of the conveying surface 1, so that it consists of a first and a second section which has just been formed. The second section merges with the second push-

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Branching, Merging, And Special Transfer Between Conveyors (AREA)
• Discharge Of Articles From Conveyors (AREA)
• Sorting Of Articles (AREA)

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• 1997
  • 1997-10-03 US US08/943,422 patent/US5927465A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-10-08 DK DK97913099T patent/DK0934217T3/da active
  • 1997-10-08 DE DE59704207T patent/DE59704207D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-10-08 AT AT97913099T patent/ATE203736T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-10-08 JP JP51708698A patent/JP3880630B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-10-08 WO PCT/DE1997/002361 patent/WO1998015481A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1997-10-08 AU AU50474/98A patent/AU719095B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-10-08 BR BR9712500-8A patent/BR9712500A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-10-08 EP EP97913099A patent/EP0934217B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1999
  • 1999-07-12 US US09/351,634 patent/US6041909A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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