WO1998006012A1 - Appareil de formation d'image et procede de formation d'image - Google Patents

Appareil de formation d'image et procede de formation d'image Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998006012A1
WO1998006012A1 PCT/JP1997/002734 JP9702734W WO9806012A1 WO 1998006012 A1 WO1998006012 A1 WO 1998006012A1 JP 9702734 W JP9702734 W JP 9702734W WO 9806012 A1 WO9806012 A1 WO 9806012A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image forming
toner particles
photoreceptor
toner
forming apparatus
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1997/002734
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshihiro Makuta
Toyoko Imai
Original Assignee
Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. filed Critical Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO1998006012A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998006012A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
    • G03G21/0005—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium
    • G03G21/0064—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium using the developing unit, e.g. cleanerless or multi-cycle apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/043—Photoconductive layers characterised by having two or more layers or characterised by their composite structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/0827—Developers with toner particles characterised by their shape, e.g. degree of sphericity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an image forming apparatus and an image forming method using an electrophotographic method, such as an electrophotographic copying machine, and more particularly, recovers residual toner particles on a photoconductor at the same time as an image is developed by a developing unit.
  • the present invention relates to a cleaner-less image forming apparatus or image forming method, which relates to a novel image forming apparatus and an image forming method which have high image density, exhibit stable image quality, and suppress generation of ozone. .
  • an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic method is an electrophotographic photoconductor (also referred to as a latent image carrier or a photoconductor drum.
  • Developing means for developing the electrostatic latent image with a developer also simply referred to as toner or toner particles
  • transfer means for transferring the developed toner image to a transfer material such as transfer paper; and residual toner particles on the photoreceptor. It is equipped with cleaning means for removal.
  • Examples of the developer include a one-component developer consisting essentially of only toner particles and a two-component developer consisting of toner particles and carrier particles.
  • the one-component developer includes a magnetic one-component developer containing magnetic powder and a non-magnetic one-component developer containing no magnetic powder.
  • Non-magnetic one-component developer In many cases, a fluidizing agent is externally added.
  • the toner particles are colored particles obtained by adding a colorant and other additives to a binder resin.
  • the toner particles are prepared by a method (pulverization method) in which (1) a synthetic resin, a colorant, and various additives are melt-kneaded, then pulverized, and then classified into a desired particle size (pulverization method).
  • Polymerized polymer particles may be simply referred to as a toner particle which is a main component thereof.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of an example of a conventional image forming apparatus.
  • the image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member 201, a cleaning means 202 having a cleaning blade 202a disposed around the photosensitive member 201, and a charging means 2.
  • exposure means 204, developing means 205, transfer means 206, and the like Image exposure is performed by the exposure means 204 on the photoreceptor uniformly and uniformly charged by the charging means 203 to form an electrostatic latent image.
  • the electrostatic latent image is developed with developer (toner particles) 210 using developing means ⁇ J_.
  • the toner image developed on the photoconductor 201 is transferred onto the transfer material 207 by the transfer means 206.
  • the toner particles remaining on the photosensitive body 201 are removed by the cleaning means 202 to prepare for the next latent image formation.
  • the toner image transferred onto the transfer material 2007 is fixed on the transfer material by a method such as heating by fixing means (not shown).
  • a photoreceptor whose surface material is an organic photoreceptor, an amorphous silicon, a selenium-based photoreceptor, or the like is used.
  • a photoreceptor having a structure in which an organic photoreceptor layer is formed on a conductive substrate is widely used from the viewpoint of sensitivity and strength.
  • Charging means For example, a charger that performs corona discharge (also referred to as a charger liner, a corona charger, or a corona discharge device) is used as 203. Have been.
  • the developing means 205 acts to attach toner particles to the electrostatic latent image formed on the photoconductor 201.
  • the developing means 205 shown in FIG. 2 includes a developing roller 209, a blade 209 for a current roller, and a means for accommodating a developer (toner-particle) 210 (that is, an accommodating container). —Singing) 2 1 1, and a developer supply means (that is, a developer supply roller) 2 1 2.
  • the developing roller 208 is arranged so as to face the photoconductor 201.
  • the developing roller 208 is usually arranged close to the photoconductor 201 so that a part thereof is in contact with the photoconductor 201, and is rotated in a direction opposite to the photoconductor 201.
  • the developer supply roller 211 is configured to contact the developing roller 208 and rotate in the same direction as the developer opening roller 208, and is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the developing roller 208. It serves to supply the toner particles 210.
  • the toner particles 210 in the developer accommodating means 211 adhere to the outer peripheral surface of the developing roller due to electrostatic force or the like due to friction.
  • the developing roller blade 209 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the developing roller 208 to be tillage, and adjusts and passes the thickness of the toner particle layer formed on the outer peripheral surface of the developing roller 208. It acts to equalize the charge amount of the toner particles.
  • toner particles are attached only to the light-irradiated part (exposed part) of the photoconductor 201, while in the regular development method, only the light-irradiated part (unexposed part) is applied.
  • Develop roller 208 and photoconductor so that toner particles adhere. It is configured so that a bias voltage is applied between the input and output terminals.
  • the photosensitive member 201 selectively moves to the surface of the photosensitive member 201 as described above, whereby the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member 201 is developed to form a toner image (visible image).
  • This toner image is transferred to the transfer material 207, and an image is formed on the transfer material.
  • the transfer means 206 shown in Fig. 2 consists of a charger that performs corona discharge. The transfer material is superimposed on the toner image, and is charged from the back of the transfer material to the polarity opposite to the polarity of the toner particles.
  • the toner image on the photoconductor 201 is transferred onto the transfer material 207.
  • the toner particles remaining on the photoreceptor 201 are wiped off with an edge of a blade 202 a of the cleaning means 202 to prepare for the next latent image forming step.
  • the toner image transferred onto the transfer material 2007 is fixed by fixing means (not shown).
  • a fixing means generally, a heating roller or a belt is used, and the toner particles are fixed to the transfer material by heat fusion.
  • Such an image forming apparatus and an image forming method have the following problems.
  • the residual toner particles on the photoreceptor are removed by a cleaning blade, but the photoreceptor is damaged by the contact at that time.
  • the residual toner particles on the photoreceptor are easily crushed by contact with the cleaning blade, and when the residual toner particles are crushed, a charge controlling agent existing on the fracture surface thereof, a release agent, Filming due to adhesion of coloring agents, coloring agents, etc. occurs on the photoconductor.
  • the toner particles circulated in the image forming process are subjected to a long-term stress between the cleaning blade and the photoreceptor, and as a result, the toner particles are turned into fine particles and charged. Failure is easy to occur.
  • a rubber blade is usually used as a cleaning blade, but a cleaning failure is likely to occur due to the aging of the rubber over time.
  • a method has been proposed in which a developing means is used to collect residual toner particles on a photoconductor at the same time as development without using a cleaning means. That is, a developing roller carrying a toner particle layer charged to the same polarity as the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor is arranged to face the photoconductor, and the latent image area on the photoconductor is formed on the developing roller. At the same time as developing with toner particles, cleaning is performed by suctioning and removing residual toner particles after transfer adhering to the non-latent image area on the photoreceptor to the developing roller side.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an image forming method using a cleaner-less method in which residual toner particles on a photoreceptor are collected simultaneously with development by a developing means.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an image forming method which shows stable image quality and suppresses ozone generation.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide toner particles used in an image forming method by a cleaner-less method in which residual toner particles on a photoreceptor are collected simultaneously with development by a developing means. .
  • the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to overcome the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
  • a positively chargeable organic photoreceptor layer having a specific composition is formed on a conductive substrate.
  • spherical toner particles having a sphericity of 1.0 to 1.3 generated by the polymerization method are used, and a charging device as a charging device is used. Ozone generation can be suppressed even by using, and high-quality images can be formed without damaging the photoreceptor even if cleaning is performed simultaneously with development by a cleanerless method. Was found.
  • the present invention has been completed based on these findings.
  • a toner image is formed on an electrophotographic photosensitive member by a developing means containing toner particles, and the toner image is transferred onto a transfer material.
  • the developing means also serves as a cleaning means for outputting an image and recovering post-transfer residual toner particles attached to the electrophotographic photosensitive member.
  • the surface material of the electrophotographic photoreceptor is a phthalocyanine compound as a charge generating agent, a diphnoquinone compound as an electron transporting agent, and a nitrogen-containing compound as a hole transporting agent.
  • the toner particles have a sphericity of 1.0 to 1.3 obtained by dividing the area (Sc) of a circle whose diameter is the absolute maximum length of the particles by the real projected area (Sr) of the particles. Colored polymer particles within the range and produced by the suspension polymerization method
  • An image forming apparatus characterized by the above is provided.
  • a developer carrying a toner particle layer is disposed so as to face an electrophotographic photoreceptor, and a latent image area on the photoreceptor is covered with toner particles on the developer orifice.
  • cleaning is performed by suctioning and removing toner particles remaining after transfer adhering to the non-latent image area on the photoreceptor to the developing opening side at the same time.
  • An electrophotographic photoreceptor whose surface material is a phthalocyanine compound as a charge generator, a diphenylquinone compound as an electron transport agent, and a hole transport agent
  • a positively chargeable organic photoreceptor containing a nitrogen-containing polyaromatic compound is used, and
  • the sphericity obtained by dividing the area (Sc) of a circle whose diameter is the absolute maximum length of the particle by the real projected area (Sr) of the particle is 1.0 to 1
  • an image forming method characterized by this is provided.
  • the material on the surface thereof is a phthalocyanine-based compound as a charge generating agent, and a diphnoquinone-based compound as an electron transporting agent.
  • a positively chargeable organic photoreceptor containing a compound and a nitrogen-containing polyaromatic compound as a hole transporting agent is used, and a developing roller carrying a toner particle layer is arranged to face the photoreceptor. Then, the latent image area on the photoconductor is developed with toner particles on the developing roller, and at the same time, the residual toner particles after transfer adhering to the non-latent image area on the photoconductor are developed.
  • Toner particles used in an image forming method including a method of performing cleaning by sucking and removing the toner particles on a side of the toner,
  • the sphericity obtained by dividing the area (S c) of the circle whose diameter is the absolute maximum length of the particle by the real projected area (S r) of the particle is in the range of 1.0 to 1.3, and Further, toner particles, which are colored polymer particles produced by a suspension polymerization method, are provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of an example of an image forming apparatus used in the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of an example of a conventional image forming apparatus.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of simultaneous development cleaning (cleaner-less method) in reversal development. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • the surface material of the electrophotographic photoreceptor is a phthalocyanine-based compound as a charge generating agent, a diphenylquinone-based compound as an electron transporting agent, and a hole ring.
  • a positively chargeable organic photoreceptor having the above is used.
  • Such an electrophotographic photoreceptor usually has an organic photoreceptor layer comprising a resin composition containing a charge generating agent, an electron transporting agent, a hole transporting agent, and a binder resin on a conductive substrate. It can be manufactured by providing.
  • a phthalocyanine-based compound such as X-type metal free phthalocyanine or oxotitanylphthalocyanine is used.
  • electron transporting agents include (A) 3,5—dimethyl-3 ′, 5′—di-tert-butyl-4,4′-diphenoquinone, 3,3′— Dimethylino 5, 5 '-Digital Principle 4, 4'-Diquinoquinone, 3, 5 'Dimethyl-3', 5-Diary 1 Butyl 4, 4 '-diphenoquinone; and (B) 3, 3', 5, 5 '-tetratary butyl 4, 4'-diphenoquinone, 3 , 3 ', 5, 5'-Tetrachinole 1, 4 '-Diphenoquinone, 3, 3', 5, 5 ' Use diphnoquinone-based compounds such as noquinone.
  • diquinoquinone-based compounds are generally 50 to 97% by weight of the compound (A), and the compounds (B) 3 to 3 have a larger absolute value of the reduction potential than the compound (A). 50% by weight is used together.
  • the diphenoquinone-based compound (A) has good solubility in organic solvents and good compatibility with the binder resin.
  • the diphenoquinone-based compound (B) has good electron injection efficiency because the absolute value of the reduction potential is large. Therefore, by using these diphenoquinone-based compounds (A) and (B) in the above-mentioned mixing ratio, an organic photoreceptor having a small residual potential and an improved sensitivity can be easily obtained. It can be formed.
  • Each of these compounds belonging to the difunnoquinone compounds (A) and (B) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • hole transport agents include 3,3'-dimethyl-N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis (4-methylphenyl) 1,1,1'-biphenyl-14,4' Amin, 1, 1-bis (p—Jetylaminophenyl) 4,4'-diphenyl 1,3—butadiene, N, N'-bis (o, p—dimethinolephenyl ) 1 N, N '-diphenylbenzidine, N-ethyl-3-N-diphenyl hydrazone, N'-diphenylhydrazone, 41-(N, N-bis (p- Tonyl) amino] 1 ⁇ —phenyl stilbene, etc.
  • nitrogen-containing polyaromatic compounds such as biphenyldiamine or phenylene Diamine compounds are preferred.
  • binder resin for dispersing each of these components examples include polycarbonate, styrene-based polymer, acryl-based polymer, and styrene-acryl-based copolymer. , Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, Polypropylene, Ionomer, Polyvinyl chloride, Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, Polyester, Alkyl resin, Polyamide, Polyamide Polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyrelate, polysulfone, diarynolephate resin, silicone resin, ketone resin, polyvinyl butyral Examples include resin, polyether resin, phenol resin, and epoxy acrylate-based photocurable resin.
  • the mixing ratio of each component is usually 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a charge generating agent, 0.1 to 80 parts by weight of an electron transporting agent, and holes with respect to 100 parts by weight of a binder resin.
  • the transporting agent is 5 to 100 parts by weight.
  • the binder resin and each component are organic solvents such as alcohols, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, ethers, ketones, esters, dimethylformamide, and dimethylsulfoxide. It is used by dissolving or dispersing in water to prepare a coating solution.
  • oxidation prevention Agents if necessary, oxidation prevention Agents, radical scavengers, singlet quencher, UV absorbers, softeners, surface modifiers, defoamers, lubricants, dispersion stabilizers, waxes, sceptors, donors, etc. it can.
  • the coating solution is applied on a conductive substrate to form an organic photoreceptor layer, and an electrophotographic photoreceptor whose surface is a positively chargeable organic photoreceptor is produced.
  • Materials for the conductive substrate include aluminum, copper, tin, platinum, gold, silver, nickel, molybdenum, chrome, cadmium, titanium, and nickel. , Isomers, stainless steel, brass, and other simple metals; plastic materials on which these metals are deposited or laminated; and aluminum iodides. , Tin oxide, glass coated with indium oxide, and the like.
  • an aluminum tube is preferable, and an aluminum tube treated with alumite is particularly preferable.
  • the thickness of the organic photoreceptor layer is usually from 5 to 100; um, preferably from 10 to 40 / m. This positively chargeable organic photoreceptor layer is a single layer.
  • the sphericity obtained by dividing the area (S c) of a circle having the absolute maximum length of the particle as the diameter by the substantial projected area (S r) of the particle is 1
  • Colored polymer particles in the range of 0 to 1.3 and produced by a suspension polymerization method are used.
  • the colored polymer particles are spherical particles.
  • the spherical toner particles are obtained by mixing a polymerizable monomer composition containing at least a polymerizable monomer and a colorant in an aqueous dispersion medium containing a dispersion stabilizer such as a poorly water-soluble metal compound. It can be suitably obtained by suspension polymerization.
  • Preferred toner particles include at least a binder resin and a colorant, and (1) have a volume average particle diameter (dV) of usually 1 to 50 m, preferably 2 to 15 m. Preferably between 3 and 10 m, (2) The ratio (dvZdn) of the volume average particle diameter (dv) to the number average particle diameter (dn) is 1.0 to 1.4, preferably 1.0 to 1.3,
  • spherical toner By using a spherical toner having such characteristics, it is possible to form an image of good image quality without fogging of the photoreceptor even when the simultaneous cleaning method is used.
  • fog refers to a phenomenon in which toner particles adhere to a white background that is not a place where toner particles should originally be formed.
  • the method and apparatus for measuring physical properties of toner particles used in the present invention are as follows.
  • the sphericity (ScSr) is a value obtained by taking an electron microscopic photograph of toner particles, measuring the photograph with an image processing analyzer under the following conditions, and analyzing the photograph.
  • the S c / S r value is indicated by the average number of 100 pieces.
  • Specific surface area by BET method is a value measured using an automatic specific surface area measuring apparatus type 2200 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
  • the volume average particle size (dv) and number average particle size (dn) are values measured using a Coulter Counter (Model TA-II, manufactured by Nikkaki Co., Ltd.). .
  • True specific gravity (D) is a value measured with a Beckman hydrometer.
  • Charge amount (Q) ( ⁇ c Z g) Toner particles are blended with carrier TEFV150Z250 at a concentration of 5%, and stirred at 150 rpm for 30 minutes. After that, it is the value measured by the blow-off method.
  • the charge amount (Q) and ratio (Q / A) are expressed as absolute values, regardless of whether the charge is positive or negative.
  • the toner particles used in the present invention can be obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer composition containing at least a polymerizable monomer and a colorant by a suspension polymerization method.
  • a vinyl monomer is usually used.
  • a specific suspension polymerization method for example, a vinyl monomer, a coloring agent, a radical polymerization initiator, and, if desired, various additives are uniformly dispersed by a mixer such as a ball mill.
  • a homogeneous mixed solution polymerizable monomer composition
  • the uniform mixed solution is finely dispersed in an aqueous dispersion medium by high-shear stirring to form fine droplets. Thereafter, a method in which the temperature is usually raised to 30 to 200 to carry out suspension polymerization is mentioned.
  • a dispersion stabilizer is usually contained in the aqueous dispersion medium.
  • vinyl monomer examples include aromatic vinyl such as styrene, vinyl toluene, and ⁇ -methylstyrene; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and methyl acrylate.
  • Crylic acid or metaacrylic acid Derivatives ethylene, propylene, butylene, etc .; olefins; vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, futsudani vinyl, etc .; halogenated vinyl; vinyl acetate, propionic acid
  • Vinyl esters such as vinyl; vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether and vinyl ethyl ether; vinyl ketones such as vinyl methyl ketone and methyl isopropenyl ketone; 2-vinyl pyridine; Nitrogen-containing vinyl compounds such as lysine and N-vinylpyrrolidone.
  • Each of these vinyl monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.o
  • a crosslinkable monomer is preferably used as the polymerizable monomer together with these vinyl monomers.
  • the crosslinkable monomer include aromatic divinyl compounds such as divinylbenzene, divinylnaphthalene and derivatives thereof; ethylene glycol resin crelet, diethylene, and the like. Diethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid esters such as glycol dimethacrylate; N, N—divinylaniline, divinyl ethers and other vinyl compounds, and three or more vinyl groups Can be listed. These crosslinkable monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • coloring agent examples include bonbon black, anilin black, crystal violent, loadamin B, malachite green, diglycine, and copper foil. Pigments and dyes such as rosinian and azo dyes can be mentioned. These colorants can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • One or more strong substances may be contained.
  • the type of the charge controlling agent it is also possible to adjust the electrode property of the toner particles to positive (+) or negative (1). In the present invention, since a positively chargeable organic photoreceptor is used, the toner particles are usually positively charged.
  • the toner particles can be internally or externally added with various additives for controlling chargeability, conductivity, fluidity, or adhesion to a photoreceptor or a fixing roller.
  • additives include release agents such as low-molecular-weight polypropylene, low-molecular-weight polyethylene, various plexes, silicone oil, carbon black, and carbonic acid.
  • Inorganic fine powders such as calcium.
  • aqueous dispersion medium water or an aqueous liquid containing water as a main component is used.
  • the dispersion stabilizer include water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, methylcellulose, and gelatin; calcium phosphate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, and barium carbonate.
  • Water-insoluble metal salts such as calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, etc .; inorganic polymer substances such as gay acid; metal oxides such as aluminum oxide and titanium oxide; aluminum hydroxide; Examples include metal hydroxides such as magnesium hydroxide and ferric hydroxide.
  • a poorly water-soluble metal hydroxide particularly a water-soluble polyvalent metal salt (for example, magnesium chloride) and a hydroxylated alkali (for example, sodium hydroxide). It is preferable to use a poorly water-soluble metal hydroxide generated by the reaction in step (1).
  • the dispersion stabilizer is used in a proportion of usually 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 18 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the aqueous dispersion medium.
  • polymerization initiator examples include, for example, t-butyl vinyl 2-ethyl hexanoate, succinic peroxide, t-hexyl peroxy 2-ethyl hexanoate, t Organic peroxides such as monobutyl peroxysobutyrate can be mentioned.
  • the ratio of the polymerizable monomer composition to the aqueous dispersion medium is not particularly limited.However, in consideration of the granulation stiffness and the dispersion stability of the particles during the polymerization reaction, the ratio of the polymerizable monomer is The concentration is usually about 5 to 50% by weight, preferably about 10 to 40% by weight.
  • the dispersion stabilizer remaining on the surface of the produced colored polymer particles is generally removed by pickling, washing with water, etc., followed by dehydration and drying. More toner particles (colored polymer particles) are recovered.
  • the volume average particle size of the toner particles is usually 1 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 2 to 15; ⁇ m, and more preferably 3 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • Toner particles can be externally added with inorganic oxide particles such as colloidal ash as a fluidizing agent. The fluidizing agent adheres to the surface of the toner particles.
  • Such toner particles and those obtained by externally adding a fluidizing agent to the toner particles can be used as a non-magnetic one-component developer.
  • a non-magnetic one-component developer as described above is preferably used, but if necessary, carrier particles are added to toner particles to form a two-component developer. Can also. If magnetic powder is contained in the polymerizable monomer composition during suspension polymerization, a magnetic one-component developer can be obtained. In any case, in the present invention, a developer containing, as an essential component, spherical toner particles obtained by a suspension polymerization method is used. Various components such as a fluidizing agent may be externally added to the toner particles.
  • An image forming apparatus using electrophotography generally includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member, Charging means for charging the surface of the photoconductor, latent image forming means (exposure means) for writing an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the charged photoconductor, and developer (toner particles).
  • Charging means for charging the surface of the photoconductor
  • latent image forming means for writing an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the charged photoconductor
  • developer toner particles.
  • a developing unit for developing the electrostatic latent image
  • a transfer unit for transferring the developed toner image onto a transfer material.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a specific example of the image forming apparatus of the present invention.
  • a photoreceptor 1 as a latent image carrier is rotatably mounted in the direction of the arrow.
  • the photoreceptor 1 is generally called a photoreceptor drum because of its shape.
  • the photoreceptor 1 usually has a structure in which a positive band electroconductive organic photoreceptor layer (photoconductive layer) is provided on the outer periphery of a conductive substrate (support drum).
  • a charging unit 3 Around the photoreceptor 1, a charging unit 3, a latent image forming unit 4, a developing unit and a transfer unit 6 are arranged along the circumferential direction.
  • a cleaning means 202 as shown in FIG.
  • the charging means 3 has a function of uniformly or uniformly charging the surface of the photoconductor 1 positively or negatively.
  • the charging means 3 includes a corona discharge device, a charging roller, a charging blade, or the like. Be composed.
  • the positively chargeable organic photoconductor layer on the surface of the photoconductor 1 is positively charged.
  • a corona discharge device charger wire device
  • the latent image forming means 4 irradiates light corresponding to an image signal onto the surface of the photoreceptor 1 uniformly and uniformly charged in a predetermined pattern to form an electrostatic latent image on an irradiated portion (reverse development (In the case of the normal development method) or forms an electrostatic latent image in the area where light is not irradiated (in the case of the normal development method).
  • the latent image forming means 4 is composed of, for example, a combination of a laser device and an optical system, or a combination of an LED array and an optical system.
  • the developing means A acts to attach toner particles to the electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the photoconductor 1.
  • the developing means is usually a developing roller 8, a developing roller blade 9, a housing means (housing case) 11 for toner particles 10, and a developer supply means (developer supply roller) 1 2 It is a developing device provided with.
  • the developing roller 8 is arranged to face the photoconductor 1.
  • the developing roller 8 is usually arranged close to the photoconductor 1 so that a part thereof contacts the surface of the photoconductor 1, and rotates in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the photoconductor 1.
  • the developer supply roller 12 is disposed in contact with the development roller 8 and rotates in the same direction as the development roller 8 to supply the toner particles 10 to the outer periphery of the development port roller 8.
  • the toner particles 10 in the developing agent containing means 11 adhere to the outer peripheral surface thereof due to electrostatic force or the like due to friction.
  • the developing roller blade 9 is arranged in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating developing roller 8 to adjust the thickness of the toner particle layer formed on the outer peripheral surface of the developing roller 8.
  • toner particles adhere only to the light-irradiated part (exposed part) on the surface of the photoreceptor 1.
  • the regular development method the toner particles adhere only to the light-irradiated part (unexposed part)
  • a bias voltage is applied between the developing roller 8 and the photoreceptor 1 so that the toner adheres.
  • the developing roller 8 is usually provided with a rubber elastic body (for example, styrene (butadiene rubber), acrylonitrile (butadiene rubber), epichloronore resin) on the outer periphery of the conductive shaft. Rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, etc.).
  • the developing roller blade 9 is usually made of a rubber elastic body as described above, but if necessary, contains conductive particles such as conductive carbon black to adjust the electric resistance value. I do.
  • the transfer means 6 is provided with a toner on the surface of the photoconductor 1 formed by the developing means 5. This is for transferring an image onto the transfer material 7 and includes, for example, a corona discharge device and a transfer roller. In the present invention, a transfer roller is preferably used as the transfer means 6.
  • cleaner-less system Simultaneous development cleaning system
  • an image forming apparatus uses such an image forming apparatus and collects residual toner after development on the photoconductor at the same time as development by the developing means
  • the surface potential of the unexposed area (non-latent image area) on the surface of the photoconductor 1 is represented by v e
  • the surface potential of the exposed area (latent image area) is represented by VL .
  • the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor 1 is reversely developed by toner particles charged to the same polarity as the electrostatic latent image.
  • Vp, V and v D have the same polarity.
  • the latent image forming means 4 irradiates light with a predetermined pattern to partially release the charge on the surface of the photoreceptor 1 to form a predetermined pattern. An electrostatic latent image is formed. That is, the charge of the exposed portion is eliminated by the photoconductive property of the positively chargeable organic photoreceptor layer.
  • the absolute value of the potential of the area where the electrostatic latent image is formed is about 0 to 100 V, and usually a voltage close to zero V.
  • the electrostatic latent image on the surface of the photoreceptor 1 is developed by the developing means i.
  • the current On the surface of the developing port roller 8 of the image means A the layer thickness is regulated by the operation of the developing port roller blade 9, and a single layer of substantially spherical toner particles 10a is formed.
  • the surface potential V D of the developing opening one la 8 is for example + 4 0 0 V, between the developing roller 8 and the photosensitive member 1 (for example example, + 4 0 0 V) Baiasu voltage is applied.
  • the charged toner particles 10a adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the developing roller 8 are electrostatically charged to the light irradiation part (exposure part).
  • the latent image moves to the surface of photoreceptor 1, and the surface of photoreceptor 1 has a toner image on the surface of photoreceptor 1 in the electrostatic latent image pattern, as shown in FIG. 3 (D). It is formed.
  • the material of the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor is a phthalocyanine compound as a charge generating agent, and a diquinoquino compound as an electron transporting agent.
  • Positively chargeable organic photoreceptor containing a nitrogen-containing compound and a nitrogen-containing polyaromatic compound as a hole transport agent.
  • the sphericity obtained by dividing the area (Sc) of a circle whose diameter is the absolute maximum length of the particle by the effective projected area (Sr) of the particle is 1.0 to 1.0.
  • Use colored polymer particles which fall within the range of 1.3 and are produced by a suspension polymerization method.
  • the developing means also serves as a cleaning means for collecting toner particles remaining on the electrophotographic photosensitive member during transfer.
  • the corona discharge device (h) is used as the charging means.
  • Ozon generation can be effectively suppressed even with the use of a major wire device.
  • the conventional negatively charged organic photoreceptor has a problem that a large amount of ozone is generated due to the use of the negative corona discharge. The generation of ozone not only pollutes the environment, but also degrades the photoreceptor and requires an ozone decomposer and a discharger.
  • the charging roller comes into contact with the surface of the photoreceptor, which causes fogging due to toner particles adhering to the charging roller and the compounding agent in the charging roller.
  • the problem of photoconductor contamination is likely to occur, and furthermore, it is difficult to select the material of the charging roller and to control the process in order to uniformly apply the same amount of charge, which increases the cost.
  • an inexpensive corona discharge apparatus having little effect on the photoconductor can be used as the charging means.
  • the above-mentioned positively chargeable organic photoreceptor is made by dispersing a photosensitive organic compound in a resin such as polycarbonate. Also easily scratched.
  • a non-contact corona discharge device is used as the charging means. When used, there is no problem of photoconductor damage or contamination. Also, by using a positively charged corona discharge device (charger wire) in combination with the positively chargeable organic photoreceptor, the amount of ozone generated is reduced.
  • the cleaning blade comes into contact with the photoreceptor, so that the organic photoreceptor is easily damaged and the life is shortened.
  • the residual toner on the photoreceptor is easily crushed by contact with the cleaning blade.
  • the remaining toner such as a charge controlling agent, a release agent, and a coloring agent present on the fracture surface is crushed. Filming due to adhesion is likely to occur.
  • the toner particles are subjected to a long-term stress between the cleaning blade and the photoreceptor, and as a result, the toner particles are liable to become fine particles and poor charging is likely to occur. Since rubber blades are generally used as cleaning blades, poor cleaning is likely to occur due to the amount of rubber that has passed over time.
  • the cleaning means is not required, so that the durability of the photoreceptor is increased, the size of the entire apparatus is reduced, and the durability of the toner particles is reduced. It can also contribute to improvement.
  • the simultaneous development cleaning method if the amount of residual toner on the photoreceptor after transfer is large, the cleaning is not sufficiently performed by the developing means, and positive ghosts are likely to occur.
  • the transfer efficiency is improved, so that the residual toner after transfer can be greatly reduced.
  • a transfer roller as the transfer means 6, as shown in FIG.
  • the reason is that the transfer means 6 charges from the back of the transfer material negatively with a polarity opposite to the polarity of the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor, Non-contact changer It is better to transfer the toner image on the photoreceptor 1 by contacting the transfer roller via the transfer material than to transfer with a one-line device. Ozone odor is also generated in terms of transfer efficiency. It is also desirable to reduce Since the transfer roller is indirectly in contact with the photoconductor via the transfer material, it does not damage or contaminate the photoconductor.
  • the transfer roller is usually made by coating a conductive shaft with a rubber elastic body, but the rubber elastic body has a conductive force such as a conductive black to adjust the electric resistance value. Particles can be appropriately blended.
  • a 4 mm thick rubber elastic body was formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stainless steel shaft 1 Omm0, and the surface was polished to produce a developing roller 8. As shown in Fig. 1, this image roller was placed in contact with a photoreceptor (photoreceptor drum) 1 so that the contact width was 2 mm. Photoconductor 1 had a positively chargeable organic photoconductor layer formed on the surface thereof, and had an outer diameter of 3 O mm. And a charging device 3, using a corona discharge device UNA by becomes uniform on the surface potential V e is + 8 0 about 0 V of the photoreceptor 1. As the electrostatic latent image forming device 4, a combination of a laser irradiation device and an optical system device was used.
  • a urethane rubber sponge roller having an outer diameter of 13 mm was used as the developer supply port 12.
  • the supply roller 12 was brought into contact with the developing roller 8 so that the contact width became 2 mm.
  • Developer layer thickness As the regulating blade 9, a flat blade made of urethane rubber elastic body was used. The electrical resistance of this blade was 6 ⁇ 10 4 ⁇ .
  • the blade 9 was attached in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the developing roller 8 such that the linear pressure on the developing roller 8 was 0.7 to 2 gZmm.
  • Photoreceptor 1 whose surface was a positively chargeable organic photoreceptor, was prepared using the following materials.
  • Charge generator X-type metal free phthalocyanine ' ⁇ ⁇ 3 parts by weight
  • Hole transport agent 3, 3' — dimethyl- ⁇ , ,, ⁇ ', ⁇ ' tetra Kiss (4-methyl phenyl) 1, 1 '-bi-vinyl 4, 4'-diamin 50 parts by weight
  • This coating solution is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the aluminum tube, and dried with hot air at 100 for 60 minutes to form a photoreceptor layer with a film thickness of 15 to 20 / m.
  • a single-layer type electrophotographic photosensitive member was obtained.
  • the colored polymer particles obtained by the following production method were used.
  • the nig mouth cin-based dye and the quaternary ammonium salt were used in advance by pulverizing and classifying with a jet mill to reduce the volume average particle diameter to 3 zm or less.
  • TK homomixer manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.
  • Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd. a mixer having a high shearing force
  • ion-exchanged water 250 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water dissolved in an aqueous solution of 10.2 parts by weight of magnesium chloride (water-soluble polyvalent metal salt), and 50 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water were added to sodium hydroxide.
  • Alkali hydroxide 6. 2 parts by weight of an aqueous solution dissolved therein was gradually added with stirring to obtain a magnesium hydroxide colloid (a colloid of a poorly water-soluble metal hydroxide). .
  • the polymerizable monomer composition is added to the magnesium hydroxide dispersion, and the mixture is subjected to high shear stirring using a TK homomixer to granulate droplets of the polymerizable monomer composition. did.
  • the aqueous dispersion of the granulated polymerizable monomer composition is supplied to a stirring blade.
  • the polymerization was carried out under stirring at 90 ° C. for 8 hours in the reactor.
  • the reaction product was filtered from the polymerization reaction mixture, sufficiently washed with acid and water, and dried to obtain colored polymer particles (toner particles).
  • the volume average particle size (dV) was 8 m.
  • the toner particles have a ratio (dv Z dn) between the volume average particle diameter (dV) and the number average particle diameter (dn) of 1.20, and the diameter of the circle is the absolute maximum length of the particle.
  • the area (Sc) divided by the real projected area (Sr) of the particle (Sc / Sr) was a substantially spherical shape with a force of 1.1.
  • the photoconductor 1 is rotated in the direction of the arrow at a peripheral speed of 40 mm second, and the developing roller 8 is rotated at a peripheral speed of 100 mm second.
  • the supply roller 12 was rotated in the direction of the arrow at a peripheral speed of 5 Omm / sec, and the toner image on the photoreceptor 1 was transferred onto the transfer paper 7 to evaluate the image.
  • the obtained image was high in image density, clear and free of background stains, dust, and unevenness. Even after continuous printing of 20,000 sheets, no toner filming occurred and stable image quality was obtained. . Also, there was no generation of ozone and no odor was noticed.
  • Example 1 as the hole transporting agent for the positively chargeable organic photoreceptor, 3,3′-dimethyl-N, N, N ′, N′-tetrakis (4-methylinophenyl) 1, 1 'one bifurcation 4, 4'-instead of diamin, N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis (3-methinorefenyl) phenylene 1, 3 — Except for using diamine, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed and evaluated. The obtained image is high in image density, clear and free of background stains, dust, and unevenness. Even after continuous printing of 20,000 sheets, there is no occurrence of fining and stable image quality. Obtained. In addition, there was no generation of ozone and no odor was noticed.
  • the above components were blended, kneaded, crushed, and classified to obtain black toner particles having a volume average particle size of 8 / zm.
  • the sphericity of the obtained toner particles was 1.4.
  • a non-magnetic one-component developer was obtained by mixing using a Hensil mixer.
  • Example 2 When the printing evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this developer was used and an image forming apparatus equipped with a cleaning device was used, the obtained image had an image density of It was clear and had a clear background without dirt, dust, and glare. There was no generation of ozone and no odor was noticed. However, when continuous printing was performed on 20,000 sheets, white streaks were seen on about 3,000 sheets, and fog occurred on about 5,000 sheets. When the developing device was disassembled, toner filming occurred on the developing blade, and the image quality was not stable.
  • Example 1 a negatively chargeable organic photoreceptor was used instead of the positively chargeable organic photoreceptor.
  • the negatively chargeable organic photoreceptor is a laminated photoreceptor produced by providing an intermediate layer made of a polyamide resin, and then sequentially applying a charge generation layer and a charge transfer layer.
  • the charge generation layer is prepared by dissolving titanyl phthalocyanine and polyvinyl butyral resin in a weight ratio of 1/1.
  • a coating liquid dispersed in a solvent is applied, and the charge transfer layer is formed by dissolving a styrene-triphenylamine-based charge transfer material and polycarbonate in a solvent at a weight ratio of 3Z4.
  • the dry film thickness became 20 / m, and the outer diameter was 30 mm.
  • Nig mouth cin-based dye N-05, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co.
  • Class 4 Ammonium salt P-53, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • a negatively charged chrome dye Bontron S-314
  • a calcium phosphate dispersion in which 3 parts by weight of calcium phosphate are finely dispersed in 250 parts by weight of distilled water in place of the magnesium hydroxide dispersion used and the dispersion used.
  • a non-magnetic one-component developing agent was obtained by adding a colloidal Dull force that had been hydrophobized to the toner particles.
  • the resulting image has a high image density, is clear with no background smear, dust, or glaring, and is free of filming even in continuous printing of 20,000 sheets, resulting in stable image quality. was gotten. However, when ozone was generated and continuous printing was performed, the odor was so bad that it could not be removed. Dagger Comparative Example 3]
  • N N'-page (3,5—dimethinolepanol) perylene-1,3,4,9,10—Tetracal was used as the charge generating agent.
  • a single-layer photoreceptor was obtained in the same manner except that boxyimide was used.
  • Printing evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the image forming apparatus incorporating the single-layer type photoreceptor was used. As a result, the printing quality was poor, and filming was observed after continuous printing of 50,000 sheets.
  • Table 1 shows the results of the above Examples and Comparative Examples.
  • a cleaner-less type image forming apparatus which collects residual toner on a photoconductor at the same time as development by a developing means, and has a high image density, a stable image quality, and a high image quality.
  • a new image forming apparatus in which generation of noise is suppressed is provided.
  • a cleanerless image forming method which has a high image intensity and a stable image forming method.
  • an image forming method which shows image quality and suppresses generation of ozone.
  • toner particles suitable for such a cleanerless image forming method are provided.

Abstract

Une image à toner est formée sur un corps photosensible électrophotographique par un moyen de développement dans lequel est stockée de la poudre de toner. Cette image à toner est transférée sur un matériau de transfert et une image est ainsi produite. La poudre de toner qui reste sur le corps photosensible électrophotographique après le transfert est récupérée par le moyen de développement, lequel fonctionne également comme moyen de nettoyage. Le matériau de la surface du corps photosensible électrophotographique est un matériau photosensible organique pouvant recevoir une charge positive, qui contient un composé de phtalocyanine comme agent générateur de charge, un composé de diphénoquinone comme agent de transport d'électrons et un composé cyclique polyaromatique à teneur en azote comme agent de transport de phototrou. La poudre de toner possède une sphéricité que l'on calcule en divisant la superficie (Sc) d'un cercle dont le diamètre est la longueur maximum absolue des particules par la superficie de projection effective (Sr) des particules, cette valeur étant comprise entre 1,0 et 1,3, et cette poudre de toner est constituée par des particules polymères colorées produites par un procédé de polymérisation en suspension.
PCT/JP1997/002734 1996-08-06 1997-08-06 Appareil de formation d'image et procede de formation d'image WO1998006012A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22303496 1996-08-06
JP8/223034 1996-08-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998006012A1 true WO1998006012A1 (fr) 1998-02-12

Family

ID=16791816

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP1997/002734 WO1998006012A1 (fr) 1996-08-06 1997-08-06 Appareil de formation d'image et procede de formation d'image

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1998006012A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000019782A (ja) * 1998-07-01 2000-01-21 Kao Corp 正帯電性トナー
JP2000075538A (ja) * 1998-08-27 2000-03-14 Canon Inc 画像形成方法
GB2351354A (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-12-27 Fuji Electric Imaging Device Electrophotographic photoconductor and apparatus
JP2001356508A (ja) * 2000-04-12 2001-12-26 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp 電子写真用カートリッジ、画像形成方法及び画像形成装置
JP2002258501A (ja) * 2001-02-28 2002-09-11 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp 一成分現像剤及びそれを用いた画像形成方法
JP2002323783A (ja) * 2001-04-25 2002-11-08 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp 画像形成装置及び画像形成方法
JP2003005439A (ja) * 2001-06-21 2003-01-08 Nippon Zeon Co Ltd トナーの製造方法
JP2007018017A (ja) * 2006-10-30 2007-01-25 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp 画像形成装置
JP2016180846A (ja) * 2015-03-24 2016-10-13 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 正帯電単層型電子写真感光体、プロセスカートリッジ、及び画像形成装置
JP2017182063A (ja) * 2016-03-25 2017-10-05 三菱ケミカル株式会社 電子写真感光体、電子写真感光体カートリッジ、及び画像形成装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03259161A (ja) * 1990-03-08 1991-11-19 Nippon Zeon Co Ltd 非磁性一成分現像剤
JPH0553354A (ja) * 1991-08-22 1993-03-05 Mita Ind Co Ltd 画像形成装置
JPH0588534A (ja) * 1991-09-25 1993-04-09 Tokyo Electric Co Ltd 現像同時クリーニング方式の画像形成装置
JPH05188637A (ja) * 1991-07-24 1993-07-30 Nippon Zeon Co Ltd 非磁性一成分現像剤
JPH0777815A (ja) * 1993-09-08 1995-03-20 Mita Ind Co Ltd 電子写真感光体の製造方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03259161A (ja) * 1990-03-08 1991-11-19 Nippon Zeon Co Ltd 非磁性一成分現像剤
JPH05188637A (ja) * 1991-07-24 1993-07-30 Nippon Zeon Co Ltd 非磁性一成分現像剤
JPH0553354A (ja) * 1991-08-22 1993-03-05 Mita Ind Co Ltd 画像形成装置
JPH0588534A (ja) * 1991-09-25 1993-04-09 Tokyo Electric Co Ltd 現像同時クリーニング方式の画像形成装置
JPH0777815A (ja) * 1993-09-08 1995-03-20 Mita Ind Co Ltd 電子写真感光体の製造方法

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000019782A (ja) * 1998-07-01 2000-01-21 Kao Corp 正帯電性トナー
JP2000075538A (ja) * 1998-08-27 2000-03-14 Canon Inc 画像形成方法
GB2351354A (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-12-27 Fuji Electric Imaging Device Electrophotographic photoconductor and apparatus
US6485873B1 (en) * 1999-04-30 2002-11-26 Fuji Electric Imaging Device Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic photoconductor and electrophotographic apparatus
GB2351354B (en) * 1999-04-30 2003-04-16 Fuji Electric Imaging Device Electrophotographic photoconductor electrophotographic apparatus
JP2001356508A (ja) * 2000-04-12 2001-12-26 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp 電子写真用カートリッジ、画像形成方法及び画像形成装置
JP2002258501A (ja) * 2001-02-28 2002-09-11 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp 一成分現像剤及びそれを用いた画像形成方法
JP2002323783A (ja) * 2001-04-25 2002-11-08 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp 画像形成装置及び画像形成方法
JP2003005439A (ja) * 2001-06-21 2003-01-08 Nippon Zeon Co Ltd トナーの製造方法
JP2007018017A (ja) * 2006-10-30 2007-01-25 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp 画像形成装置
JP2016180846A (ja) * 2015-03-24 2016-10-13 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 正帯電単層型電子写真感光体、プロセスカートリッジ、及び画像形成装置
JP2017182063A (ja) * 2016-03-25 2017-10-05 三菱ケミカル株式会社 電子写真感光体、電子写真感光体カートリッジ、及び画像形成装置

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5640801B2 (ja) 画像形成装置および電子写真カートリッジ
EP2058705A1 (fr) Toner et procédé de formation d'images
US7390603B2 (en) Image forming apparatus and toner
JPH05188637A (ja) 非磁性一成分現像剤
US6284424B1 (en) Electrophotographic toner and image forming method and apparatus using the toner
US6649315B1 (en) Nonmagnetic one component developer and developing method
JPH1115206A (ja) 画像形成方法
EP3770683A1 (fr) Toner
WO1998006012A1 (fr) Appareil de formation d'image et procede de formation d'image
JP2006195156A (ja) トナー及び画像形成方法
JP3401629B2 (ja) 画像形成方法及び該画像形成方法用トナー
JP3262505B2 (ja) 静電荷像現像用トナー、装置ユニット及び画像形成方法
JP4194454B2 (ja) 画像形成方法
JP3684103B2 (ja) トナー及び画像形成方法
JP5408932B2 (ja) 画像形成方法
JP2000039742A (ja) 磁性コートキャリア及び該磁性コートキャリアを使用した２成分現像剤
JP2007139845A (ja) 画像形成方法
WO2004072738A1 (fr) Dispositif de formation d'images
JP3869917B2 (ja) 静電荷像現像用トナー
JP2003295494A (ja) トナー及びそのトナーを使用する画像形成装置
JPH1115204A (ja) 画像形成方法
JP3313039B2 (ja) 転写装置とそれを用いた画像形成装置
JPH11190916A (ja) 画像形成方法
JP2003066639A (ja) 電子写真画像形成装置、画像形成方法及びプロセスカートリッジ
JP2003021930A (ja) 電子写真装置及びプロセスカートリッジ

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase