WO1997048071A1 - Verfahren zur bearbeitung von objekten auf druckseiten - Google Patents
Verfahren zur bearbeitung von objekten auf druckseiten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997048071A1 WO1997048071A1 PCT/DE1997/001062 DE9701062W WO9748071A1 WO 1997048071 A1 WO1997048071 A1 WO 1997048071A1 DE 9701062 W DE9701062 W DE 9701062W WO 9748071 A1 WO9748071 A1 WO 9748071A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- delta
- delta list
- printed
- objects
- page
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T11/00—2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
- G06T11/60—Editing figures and text; Combining figures or text
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K15/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers
- G06K15/02—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K15/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers
- G06K15/02—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers
- G06K15/025—Simulating output on another printing arrangement, e.g. proof output
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K2215/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data
- G06K2215/0002—Handling the output data
- G06K2215/0062—Handling the output data combining generic and host data, e.g. filling a raster
- G06K2215/0065—Page or partial page composition
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K2215/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data
- G06K2215/0002—Handling the output data
- G06K2215/0062—Handling the output data combining generic and host data, e.g. filling a raster
- G06K2215/0071—Post-treatment of the composed image, e.g. compression, rotation
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of electronic reproduction technology and relates to a method for processing objects such as images and graphic elements on printed pages which are available as high-resolution contone maps.
- print templates are created for print pages that contain all elements to be printed, such as texts, graphics and images.
- 1 shows an example of a printed page.
- a separate print template is created for each printing color, which contains all elements that are printed in the respective color.
- these are the printing inks cyan, magenta, yellow and black (C, M, Y, K).
- additional printing inks can be added, e.g. Gold, silver, chocolate brown, etc.
- the printing templates separated according to printing inks are also called color separations.
- the print templates are usually rasterized
- the printing templates can also be exposed directly on printing plates in special recorders.
- print templates in proof recorders are exposed with a recording process which simulates the printing process in a colored output.
- PostScript data (1) are fed to a raster image processor (RIP) (2), which can be a computer specially optimized for this task or a program on a standard computer.
- RIP raster image processor
- the separated PostScript data (1) for each color separation of a printed page is generated in a pre-process and forwarded to the RIP (2) (separated PostScript).
- a colored print page can also be generated in a single PostScript database (composite PostScript).
- composite PostScript composite PostScript
- the PostScript data (1) is analyzed in an interpreter (3) and broken down into a sequence of simple graphic objects.
- the artwork is divided into horizontal strips (tapes) which are processed one after the other.
- 3 shows a tape section (9) with some of the interpreters witnessed objects.
- the tape section (9) is divided into recording pixels (10).
- the band section is 8 pixels high, numbered from 0 to 7, and 32 pixels wide, numbered from 0 to 31.
- the resolution can be symmetrical (the same in the horizontal and vertical directions) or also asymmetrical, for example ho - horizontally twice as large as vertically.
- Objects A to E (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) describe subsegments of text, graphic or image elements which fall into the band cutout (9).
- Objects A to E are output by the interpreter in a data format which is referred to as the display list (4) (FIG. 2).
- the data format describes for each object its geometric shape and the gray value with which it is filled.
- Objects A to E appear one after the other in the display list (4) in the order in which the associated side elements are described in the PostScript data.
- Objects that appear later in the display list (4) can partially or completely cover objects that previously appeared in the display list (4).
- object A (11) is partially covered by object B (12).
- Objects D (14) and E (15) also cover object C (13).
- the display list (4) is fed in a further step to a raster generator (5) which converts the objects of the display list (4) one after the other into areas filled with raster points and as bitmap data (6) writes to a bitmap memory (7).
- the grid point size is varied depending on the gray value of the object in the display list (4).
- the bitmap data (6) of objects that appear later in the display list (4) each overwrite the corresponding areas of the bitmap memory (7).
- Figure 4 shows this improved workflow.
- the PostScript data (1) that describe the content of the print template are fed to the RIP (2), where they are analyzed in a first step by the interpreter (3) and converted into a display list (4) , as previously explained.
- the delta list generator (16) generates the overlay-free contone map of the delta list (17) from the display list and e.g. stored on a disk memory (18). If the print pages are to be exposed, the saved delta lists of the print templates, e.g. the different color separations of a printed page, called up at a later point in time from the disk memory (18), converted into bitmap data (6) by the raster generator (5) and exposed in the recorder (8).
- the rasterization of the delta list is done in keeping with the speed of the recorder.
- Another typical post-processing is trapping, i.e. the creation of protruding edges for some of the color separations at the borders where colored side objects touch.
- the color separations in the printing press can shift somewhat against one another (register errors). This can result in narrow white gaps at the borders between colored side objects, which are very noticeable and annoying.
- the protruding trapping edges ensure that, despite the shift in the color separations, some of the colors always overlap, so that the white gaps cannot arise. In principle, it would be possible to incorporate the trapping edges into the PostScript data when designing a print page.
- Postprocessing of the type described is not possible according to the prior art with the workflow according to FIG. 2, since from the interpretation of the post-script data to the exposure of the rasterized bitmap data, no intermediate results are used which are used for postprocessing could. Basically, it would be possible to save the bitmap data before exposure, but the amount of data to be saved would be for the typical resolution of recorders for artwork (e.g. 1333 pixels / cm) very large. 1108 MByte would have to be stored for the bitmap data of the four printing colors of a DIN A3 page, so that the storage becomes complex and expensive, especially if several pages of a brochure, a catalog, etc. have to be stored. Post-processing of the printed page therefore requires the corresponding change in the PostScript data and the repeated interpretation, rasterization and exposure of this changed data.
- the contone maps (delta lists) of the print templates are temporarily stored, but the delta lists only contain information for each pixel about its gray value and with which raster method it is used in the bitmap -Data to be implemented.
- This object is achieved by using a contone map generated in addition to the exposable delta list, which contains the information about the type and the position of the original page objects and which is also referred to as the object delta list.
- the object delta list serves for object-related post-processing (exchange of images, processing of color boundaries between objects, etc.) to identify the pixels in the exposable delta list that are exchanged or changed Need to become. The invention is described below with reference to Figures 1 to 7.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a print page with text, graphic and image elements (prior art)
- FIG. 7 shows an example of the content of a print template and the content of the associated object delta list.
- An exposed contone map describes a print template to be reproduced in the form of gray values in which a gray value is assigned to each pixel.
- the account map is generated from the page description data (PostScript data) of the print page to be reproduced.
- the gray values of the contone map can be used directly to control the recorder if the recording process can reproduce continuous tone values, such as a proof output device.
- the gray values are converted in a raster generator, which is connected upstream of the recorder, into raster points, with which the gray values are simulated for the eye.
- the printing originals are exposed to the recording material pixel by line and line by line using at least one exposure beam.
- the control signal values determine which pixels are exposed as parts of the halftone dots or are not exposed by the control signal values switching the exposure beam on and off accordingly.
- the overlaps of the objects in the display list are suitably eliminated and the data is then compressed as much as possible.
- the delta list is free of overlaps because there is only one gray value in the delta list for each pixel.
- the delta list essentially contains gray values and raster information which can be converted and output into bitmap data by a raster generator, keeping pace with the recorder speed.
- the generation of the delta list and the screening can be carried out with different resolutions.
- An advantageous variant is e.g. the calculation of the delta list with 666.5 pixels / cm and the screening of the gray values with 1333 pixels / cm.
- the screening can also be asymmetrical, for example with 2666 pixels / cm in the line direction and 1333 pixels / cm perpendicular to the line direction.
- the data format of the delta list is byte-oriented. Each byte is a command, which in some cases is followed by data bytes. The coding of the commands is chosen in such a way that the highest possible compression of the data is achieved.
- Each delta list contains general information, such as the length of the delta list and the length of a scan line.
- the delta list contains information about the raster process (screening), according to which the objects are to be converted into bitmaps by the raster generator.
- the print page is divided into horizontal strips (bands) when generating the delta list, and these are further divided into successive sections (zones). Optimized compression methods can then be used in the bands and zones.
- Fig. 5 shows the division of a print template (19) into bands (20) and zones (21).
- the height of the bands and the width of the zones is arbitrary, but it is advantageous for processing if the bands are all of the same height and the zones are all of the same width. It is also advantageous if the band height and the zone width are powers of 2.
- gray values are coded in the delta list with different number of bits, e.g. 1 bit / gray value for black / white information and 8 bits per gray value for contone information. This measure also contributes to the compression of the delta list.
- the compression of the data in the data format of the delta list is based on the runlength method, which is modified for the special requirements.
- Command bytes exist in the data stream, which can be accompanied by a run length and / or one or more gray values.
- the compression also takes into account repetitions of the entire content of a zone in the Y direction, the X direction being the main scanning direction and the Y direction being the secondary scanning direction.
- the following table explains some delta list commands and their coding, which are important for understanding the generation of the delta list. Start of a new volume:
- the gray value is repeated ([nnnn] x256 + [kkkk kkkk] +1) times.
- the first byte or the first bits in the first byte of each command are on
- Every new band is started with the command LHD_BAND and every new line within the band with the command LHD_START.
- the command LHD_ZONE in which the parameter "Y-cmpr" is used to encode the number of lines over which the content of this zone is repeated in the Y direction.
- the parameter "bits” specifies the number of bits with which the gray values are encoded within the zone, e.g. 1 bit for black / white information, 8 bits for contone information with normal gradation (256 steps) and 12 bit for contone information with finer gradation (4096 steps).
- the LHD_SCREEN command is used to select a screening method that is identified by the "Screenindex" parameter. With the selected screening method, the screen generator should screen all the following gray values in the delta list until a new screening method is selected again.
- the parameters of the raster methods such as raster width, raster angle, raster dot shape are stored under the number "screen index" in the raster generator, or they are added to the generated delta list with further delta list commands.
- a run length of repeating gray values within a zone is described with the commands LHD_REPEATS or LHD_REPEAT.
- nnnnnn a 6-bit binary number [nnnnn] encodes a run length between 1 and 64 in the first byte
- a run length between 1 and 4096 is encoded by a 12-bit binary number ([nnnn] in the first byte and [ kkkk kkkk] in the second byte).
- the last byte of these commands specifies the gray value to be repeated.
- the lines of a band are processed from top to bottom, and the zones of a line from left to right.
- the commands and run lengths generated are closely packed together, i.e. for the zones for which no run lengths are created, nothing is entered in the delta list.
- the raster generator can decode the delta list so that the run lengths are assigned to the correct zones again.
- FIG. 6 shows the workflow according to the present invention, an object delta list being generated in addition to an exposable delta list for a print template.
- the PostScript data (1) of the print preview are converted in a RIP (2) by the interpreter (3) into a display list (4), from which the delta list generator ( 16) an exposable delta list (17) is generated.
- the delta list generator (16) also generates an object delta list (22) which contains the information about the type (images, graphics, texts) and the position of the page objects which the gray values in the illuminable delta contain List (17) can be assigned. Both delta lists are buffered for further processing, e.g. on a disk storage (18).
- the illuminable delta lists (17) and the associated object delta lists (22) are fed to a suitable postprocessing method (24).
- a suitable postprocessing method 24
- modified illuminable delta lists (25) and possibly also modified object delta lists (26) are created, which are cached again, e.g. on a disk storage (27). If necessary, the modified delta lists can be subjected to further post-processing, e.g. a correction of the first post-processing.
- Separate computer systems need not necessarily be provided for the RIP functions and for postprocessing; they can also be executed on a computer system.
- the modified illuminable delta lists (25) are fed to the raster generator (5), which converts them into rasterized bitmap data (6) according to the raster information contained in the delta lists and sends them to the recorder (8) Exposure passes.
- the same data format described above is used for the object delta list as for the exposable delta lists, ie gray values and values for the screen index, also coded in run lengths.
- the gray values and the screen index values in the object delta list have a different meaning.
- Each page object is assigned a different combination of screen index value and gray value as the object number, and all pixels which are occupied by the page object in the print template receive this combination of screen index value and gray value in the object delta list, ie the associated object number. Since all pixels of an object in the object delta list receive the same gray value, the run length coding results in high data compression and thus only a small memory requirement for the object delta lists.
- the print template (28) in Fig. 7a contains the image (29) and the image (30) and a graphic element (31) with a constant color.
- 7b shows the content of the associated object delta list (32).
- An “image mask” is a PostScript object that is in the form of bitmap data and in which a fixed gray value or color value is assigned to the "1 bits" while the "0 bits” remain empty, i.e. There are “holes” in the image mask.
- Object type marked and individual objects are not differentiated.
- the assignment can of course also be chosen such that each individual object is given its own object number, which is coded as a combination of screen index and gray value. Whether individual objects or only the object type are to be differentiated in the object delta list depends on the degree of distinctness required for the intended postprocessing steps.
- a different combination of screen Index and gray value are provided as the object number, ie all images can be differentiated individually and processed individually using the object delta list.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Record Information Processing For Printing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97925872A EP0978091A1 (de) | 1996-06-12 | 1997-05-26 | Verfahren zur bearbeitung von objekten auf druckseiten |
JP10501039A JPH11513155A (ja) | 1996-06-12 | 1997-05-26 | 印刷頁におけるオブジェクトの処理方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1996123327 DE19623327A1 (de) | 1996-06-12 | 1996-06-12 | Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Objekten auf Druckseiten |
DE19623327.5 | 1996-06-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997048071A1 true WO1997048071A1 (de) | 1997-12-18 |
Family
ID=7796664
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1997/001062 WO1997048071A1 (de) | 1996-06-12 | 1997-05-26 | Verfahren zur bearbeitung von objekten auf druckseiten |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0978091A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH11513155A (de) |
DE (1) | DE19623327A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997048071A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001016623A (ja) | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-19 | Agilent Technologies Japan Ltd | 撮像素子の試験方法 |
DE10012521C2 (de) * | 2000-03-15 | 2002-12-19 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Verfahren zur Komprimierung von Druckdaten |
DE10128858A1 (de) * | 2001-06-15 | 2003-02-13 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Überfüllrahmen in einer Druckseite |
DE102006008768A1 (de) | 2006-02-24 | 2007-08-30 | OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verarbeiten eines Druckdatenstroms zum Erzeugen mehrfarbiger Druckbilder mit Hilfe eines Hochleistungsdrucksystems |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0475734A2 (de) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-03-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Dokumentverarbeitungsapparat |
US5125072A (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1992-06-23 | Eastman Kodak Company | Efficient data storage system for gray-scale printers |
US5131058A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1992-07-14 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method for obtaining output-adjusted color separations |
EP0597571A2 (de) * | 1992-11-10 | 1994-05-18 | Adobe Systems Inc. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Datenverarbeitung für ein Bildschirmgerät mit reduzierten Pufferspeichersforderungen |
US5425137A (en) * | 1993-01-26 | 1995-06-13 | Us Jvc Corporation | System and method for processing images using computer-implemented software objects representing lenses |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5267326A (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 1993-11-30 | Eastman Kodak Company | Bitmap image segmentation using a charge model for pixels |
US5754187A (en) * | 1994-05-16 | 1998-05-19 | Agfa Division, Bayer Corporation | Method for data compression of digital data to produce a scaleable font database |
JPH07323602A (ja) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-12-12 | Canon Inc | 印刷装置および印刷装置のオブジェクト描画方法 |
US5729637A (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 1998-03-17 | Adobe Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for producing a hybrid data structure for displaying a raster image |
JP2898889B2 (ja) * | 1994-09-29 | 1999-06-02 | 大日本スクリーン製造株式会社 | 製版処理方法 |
-
1996
- 1996-06-12 DE DE1996123327 patent/DE19623327A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-05-26 JP JP10501039A patent/JPH11513155A/ja active Pending
- 1997-05-26 EP EP97925872A patent/EP0978091A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-05-26 WO PCT/DE1997/001062 patent/WO1997048071A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5125072A (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1992-06-23 | Eastman Kodak Company | Efficient data storage system for gray-scale printers |
US5131058A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1992-07-14 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method for obtaining output-adjusted color separations |
EP0475734A2 (de) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-03-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Dokumentverarbeitungsapparat |
EP0597571A2 (de) * | 1992-11-10 | 1994-05-18 | Adobe Systems Inc. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Datenverarbeitung für ein Bildschirmgerät mit reduzierten Pufferspeichersforderungen |
US5425137A (en) * | 1993-01-26 | 1995-06-13 | Us Jvc Corporation | System and method for processing images using computer-implemented software objects representing lenses |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0978091A1 (de) | 2000-02-09 |
DE19623327A1 (de) | 1997-12-18 |
JPH11513155A (ja) | 1999-11-09 |
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