WO1997042134A1 - Procede et four a arc pour le pliage de feuilles de ceramique plates pour les convertir en feuilles de ceramique courbes par traitement thermique - Google Patents

Procede et four a arc pour le pliage de feuilles de ceramique plates pour les convertir en feuilles de ceramique courbes par traitement thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997042134A1
WO1997042134A1 PCT/CN1997/000041 CN9700041W WO9742134A1 WO 1997042134 A1 WO1997042134 A1 WO 1997042134A1 CN 9700041 W CN9700041 W CN 9700041W WO 9742134 A1 WO9742134 A1 WO 9742134A1
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Prior art keywords
ceramic
arc
furnace
electric heating
shaped
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN1997/000041
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Shuliang Cao
Yi Du
Jianhua Xu
Original Assignee
New Material Research Institute Of Shandong Academy Of Sciences
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Application filed by New Material Research Institute Of Shandong Academy Of Sciences filed Critical New Material Research Institute Of Shandong Academy Of Sciences
Priority to AU26890/97A priority Critical patent/AU2689097A/en
Priority to EP97920488A priority patent/EP0949219B1/en
Publication of WO1997042134A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997042134A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/003—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles the shaping of preshaped articles, e.g. by bending
    • B28B11/005—Using heat to allow reshaping, e.g. to soften ceramic articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0008—Resistor heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/04—Ram or pusher apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a ceramic curved panel, and more particularly, to a method for heat-treating a ceramic flat plate into a ceramic curved panel and an arc furnace used therefor.
  • curved wall surfaces and rounded corners generally used small-sized ceramic wall tiles, colored or coated flat glass, curved glass plates, and stainless steel curved plates as decorative materials. Round columns often used small-sized ceramic wall tiles, polished 4. Stainless steel round solitary plate, plastic sprayed garden solitary steel plate, polished granite, marble arc plate as decorative materials.
  • the small-sized ceramic wall and floor tile decoration building surface is composed of numerous small planes to form a macro curved surface Its advantages are lower cost, and the disadvantage is that the decorative effect is not good. Therefore, in recent years, the demand for ceramic curved panels in the construction industry is increasing.
  • the so-called ceramic curved panels also known as ceramic curved plates, building ceramics Curved veneer or architectural ceramic curved veneer is a curved plate-shaped ceramic product.
  • a method for producing a ceramic curved plate is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Hei 1-305867. There is a ceramic curved panel. However, this method uses a complex heat-resistant brace, which has a large heat capacity, which results in low production efficiency and large energy consumption.
  • Chinese patent CN91106432.X proposes a refractory using an arc shape]- A method for manufacturing a ceramic curved panel by a mold. This method can produce a desired, accurate size ceramic curved panel, but its production efficiency is low and energy consumption is large.
  • Chinese patent application CN94110777.9 proposes a multilayer refractory mold A method for manufacturing a ceramic curved panel. This method can achieve large output and high production efficiency. However, it is difficult to produce products with the same radius of curvature due to the temperature difference between the upper and lower sides of the kiln. Since the arc forming profile is not used, the obtained ceramic curved panel The dimensional accuracy of the panel is not high, especially when producing products with smaller curvature radius.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of producing ceramic curved panels with various radii of curvature and high dimensional accuracy by heat treatment of ceramic flat plates with lower energy consumption and lower cost.
  • the ceramic slab mentioned in the present invention refers to a fired porcelain, semi-ceramic or ceramic plate used for architectural decoration purposes. It can be glazed or unglazed, or it can be polished or polished. Unpolished, it should be understood that the ceramic plate referred to in the present invention generally refers to a flat plate-shaped ceramic plate, but also includes a ceramic plate with a moderate degree of bending.
  • a method for heat-treating a ceramic flat plate into a ceramic curved panel including the following steps: 1 placing the ceramic flat plate in a furnace chamber defined by at least a part of electric heating elements arranged in an arc shape, 2 Control the heating temperature and heating time of the furnace to soften and bend the ceramic flat plate until one of its surfaces fits into the arc forming profile basically defined by the electric heating element in the furnace. 3 Cool the furnace and remove the ceramic curved panel.
  • the heating temperature and time of the furnace in the above method of the present invention are different according to the material of the ceramic flat plate and the size and radius of curvature of the ceramic curved panel that needs to be produced, but can be determined through experiments by those skilled in the art. According to the present invention One solution, the heating temperature of the furnace in the foregoing method is 550 X-1200 TC.
  • the curvature radius of the ceramic curved panel obtained by the foregoing method is greater than or equal to 0.1 m.
  • At least one anchor is bonded with a low melting point ceramic slurry on the back surface of the ceramic flat plate.
  • the anchor is a ceramic block with a small head and a small head. There is a groove on the head, and the small head of the anchor is bonded to the ceramic plate, so that after heat treatment, the anchor and the ceramic plate are sintered into one body, and the anchor and the ceramic plate are joined.
  • a through hole is formed everywhere.
  • the ceramic curved plate may be further polished by manual or mechanical methods.
  • polishing may be performed by methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • cylindrical grinding machines, internal grinding machines, swing grinding machines, belt grinding can be used for grinding and polishing.
  • an arc furnace for heat-treating a ceramic flat plate into a ceramic curved panel which comprises an electric heating element, a thermal insulation material and a furnace shell, characterized in that the electric heating element At least a part of it is arranged in a solitary arrangement, directly forming an arc forming profile; or, a layer of refractory material is filled and covered between the electric heating elements in the solitary arrangement and in the direction of the surface used for molding, forming a continuous Or a smooth solitary forming surface; or, an arc-shaped refractory village is provided next to the electric heating element on an arc-shaped surface formed by arc-shaped electric heating elements, and at least a part of a surface of the refractory lining constitutes a continuous Smooth arc forming profile; wherein the curvature radius of the arc forming profile is consistent with the curvature radius of the ceramic curved panel to be produced.
  • the electric heating element of the arc furnace of the present invention may be known in the art, for example, an element that can be heated after being energized is processed from silicon carbide, molybdenum silicide, graphite, or a heating wire, and the shape may be rod-shaped or tubular. , Strip, block or plate.
  • the inner top surface of the solitary furnace according to the present invention may be provided with some electric heating elements or may be composed of a thermal insulation material, but its design should be beneficial to obtain a relatively uniform temperature field in the furnace.
  • the arc forming profile in the solitary furnace of the present invention can be designed with a concave surface facing up or a convex surface facing up. If the solitary forming surface of an arc furnace has a concave surface facing up, the two ends of the ceramic flat plate are worked during operation. Place on the arc-forming surface; if the arc-forming surface of the arc-shaped furnace has the convex surface facing upwards, place the center of the ceramic flat plate on the protrusion on the molding surface during work.
  • the method for heat-treating and bending a ceramic flat plate into a ceramic curved panel according to the present invention is a major improvement on the conventional method for manufacturing a ceramic curved panel with a curved refractory mold, and the volume of the curved refractory mold is large. And it is very bulky. Generally, the quality of the arc-shaped refractory mold is several times to dozens of times of the corresponding ceramic plate. The ceramic plate also needs to be heated at the same time.
  • the heating and cooling time is long and energy consumption High, production efficiency is very low, such as a piece of ceramic plate with a size of 600mm ⁇ 600mm ⁇ 10mm and a weight of 8 kg heat treatment to bend it into a curved panel, the arc mold made of ordinary refractory material has a mass of about 100 kg.
  • the thermal capacity of the system is greatly reduced, the heating and cooling time is shortened, and the energy consumption is reduced. To achieve the purpose of improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.
  • Figure 1 shows a sectional view of an arc furnace according to one aspect of the present invention, in which the electric heating elements 5 are arranged in an arc shape, directly forming a concave arc forming profile 10.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an isolated furnace according to another aspect of the present invention, in which a layer of refractory material 6 is filled and covered between electric heating elements 5 arranged in an arc shape and in a direction of a surface for forming, to form A continuous, smooth concave arc forms the profile 10 '.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a solitary furnace according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which an arc-shaped cylindrical refractory lining is provided next to the electric heating element on an arc surface formed by the electric heating elements 5 arranged in an arc. 13, A part of the inner surface of the refractory lining 13 constitutes a concave arc forming profile 10 ".
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view of an arc furnace according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which a semicircular refractory lining is provided next to the electric heating element on an arc surface formed by the electric heating elements 5 arranged in an arc. 13.
  • the inner surface of the refractory lining 13 constitutes a concave arc-forming surface 10 *.
  • Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of an arc furnace according to another aspect of the present invention.
  • the electric heating elements 5 are arranged in an arc, directly forming a convex arc forming profile 10.
  • a ceramic flat plate 4 having a size of 600 mm x 600 mm x 10 mm is placed in a solitary furnace having the structure shown in FIG. 1.
  • the ceramic anchor 3 is bonded to the ceramic plate with a low-melting ceramic slurry, and the electric heating element 5 is in an arc shape.
  • the curvature radius of the molding surface 10 is 450 mm.
  • the ceramic plate is heated at 1080 C for 20 minutes to be heated and bent and bonded to the arc-shaped molding surface 10. After cooling, a ceramic curved panel with a curvature radius of 450 mm is obtained.
  • the surface is used
  • the cylindrical grinder is polished, that is, it can be used as a garden pillar panel of a building.
  • a ceramic plate 4 with a size of 500mm x 500mm x 10mm is placed in an arc furnace having the structure shown in FIG. 2.
  • the ceramic anchor 3 is bonded to the ceramic plate with a low-melting ceramic slurry.
  • the furnace is formed of refractory 13
  • the continuous and smooth arc-forming surface 10 ' has a radius of curvature of 3m.
  • the ceramic plate is heated to 850 C for 20 minutes, the ceramic plate is heated and bent, and is bonded to the arc-forming surface 10'. After cooling, the radius of curvature is obtained. 3m ceramic curved panel.
  • a ceramic flat plate 4 having a size of 600 mm x 600 mm x 10 mm is placed in an arc furnace having a structure shown in FIG. 1.
  • the ceramic anchor 3 is bonded to the ceramic plate with a low-melting ceramic slurry, and the electric heating element 5 is in an arc shape.
  • the radius of curvature of the molding surface 10 is 600mm, and the ceramic flat plate 4 is held at 1040 for 15 minutes, and is heated and bent to fit the arc forming profile 10, and after cooling, a ceramic curved panel with a radius of curvature of 600mm is obtained.
  • a ceramic flat plate 4 having a size of 1000 mm x 1000 mm x 14 mm is placed in an arc furnace having the structure shown in FIG. 4.
  • the ceramic anchor 3 is bonded to the ceramic plate with a low melting point ceramic slurry, and an arc forming type composed of a refractory lining 13.
  • the curvature radius of the surface 10 * is 1.7m.
  • the ceramic flat plate is held at 1000 for 15 minutes, the ceramic flat plate is heated and bent, and one surface 9 of the ceramic flat plate is bonded to the arc-shaped molding surface 10 '. After cooling, the radius of curvature is 1.7m. Ceramic curved panel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Description

将陶瓷平板热处理弯曲成陶瓷
曲面扳的方法及弧型炉
技术领域
本发明涉及一种陶瓷曲面板的制造方法， 更具体地说， 涉及一种将陶 瓷平板热处理弯曲成陶瓷曲面板的方法及所用的弧型炉.
背景技术
现代建筑的发展趋势之一是大量采用 "曲面圓角" 的建筑造型取代传 统的 "平面直角" 造型， 即现代建筑更多采用弧形墙面、 圓形墙角、 圆形 立柱以取代传统的平墙面、 直角墙角、 方形立柱， 从而在建筑上形成大量 的各种弧形表面.
以往弧形墙面和圓形墙角一般采用小尺寸陶瓷墙地砖， 有色或镀膜的 平板玻璃、 弧形玻璃板及不锈钢弧形板等作为装饰材料， 圆形立柱常用小 尺寸陶瓷墙地砖、 抛光的不锈钢圆孤板、 喷塑的園孤钢板、 磨光花岗岩、 大理石圓弧板作为装饰材料.
磨光的花岗石、 大理石圆弧板制作时， 石料利用率低， 切割磨削量大、 工效低， 因而价格十分昂贵. 小尺寸陶瓷墙地砖装饰建筑物曲面是以无数 小平面构成宏观曲面， 其优点是造价较低， 不足之处是装饰效果欠佳. 因此， 近年来建筑业中对陶瓷曲面板的需求越来越大. 所谓的陶瓷曲 面板， 又称陶瓷弧形板、 建筑陶瓷曲面饰面板或建筑陶瓷弧形饰面板， 是 一种弧形板状的陶瓷制品.
曰本特开平 1 - 305867中介绍了一种陶瓷弧形板的生产方法， 包括把
Figure imgf000003_0001
得陶 瓷曲面板. 但这种方法使用复杂的耐热支具， 其热容量大， 从而生产效率 低， 能耗较大.
本申请的发明人以前曽提出过几种使用陶瓷平板来生产陶瓷曲面板的 方法. 例如， 中国专利 CN91106432.X提出了一种使用弧形的耐火 一 ] - 模具制造陶瓷曲面板的方法， 此法可以制造予期的、 尺寸比较准确的陶瓷 曲面板，但是其生产效率较低，能量消耗较大.中国专利申请 CN94110777.9 提出了一种用多层耐火模具制造陶瓷曲面板的方法， 此方法可以实现较大 产量， 生产效率较高， 但由于窑炉中存在的上下温差， 因此难以生产同一 曲率半径的产品， 由于未采用弧形成型面， 所得陶瓷曲面板的尺寸精度不 高， 在生产较小曲率半径的产品时， 更是如此.
发明公开
本发明的目的是提供一种能以较低能耗、 较低成本由陶瓷平板热处理 生产各种曲率半径、 尺寸精度较高的陶瓷曲面板的方法.
本发明中所说的陶瓷平板是指用于建筑装饰目的的， 经烧成的瓷质、 半瓷质或陶质板材， 它可以是表面施釉或未施釉的， 也可以是表面已磨光 或未磨光的， 应该理解， 本发明中所说的陶瓷平板一般是指平板状的陶瓷 板， 但也包括具有适度弯曲程度的陶瓷板.
本发明的第一方面， 提供了一种将陶瓷平板热处理弯曲成陶瓷曲面板 的方法， 包括以下步骤： ①将陶瓷平板放置在由至少一部分是呈弧形排列 的电加热元件限定的炉膛中， ②控制炉膛的加热温度和加热时间， 使陶瓷 平板受热软化并弯曲， 直至其一个表面与炉中由电加热元件基本限定的弧 形成型面贴合， ③冷却炉膛并取出陶瓷曲面板.
本发明上述方法中炉膛的加热温度和时间根据陶瓷平板的材料不同和 所需生产的陶瓷曲面板的尺寸和曲率半径不同而不同， 但可由本领域普通 技术人员通过实验来确定. 根据本发明的一种方案， 前述方法中炉膛的加 热温度为 550 X - 1200 TC .
根据本发明的另一种方案， 由前述方法制得的陶瓷曲面板的曲率半径 大于或等于 0.1米.
根据本发明的再一种方案， 在前述方法中所述的步骤①之前， 在陶瓷 平板的背面用低熔点陶瓷泥浆粘结至少一个锚固件， 该锚固件是具有大小 头的陶瓷块， 其小头上有沟槽， 并且锚固件的小头与陶瓷平板粘结， 这样 在热处理之后， 錨固件与陶瓷平板烧结为一体， 并在锚固件与陶瓷板接合 处形成一通孔. 带有锚固件的陶瓷曲面板在使用时， 即与建筑物立面结合 时， 锚固件的大头压入水泥砂浆层或结合剂层， 使粘合力增加， 必要时， 可以用铜丝或其它金属丝穿过通孔与其墙上的固定件联结， 使结合更加牢 固.
根据本发明的又一种方案， 在前述方法的步猓③之后， 可对陶瓷曲面 板用人工或机械方法进一步磨光处理. 这种磨光可用本领域技术人员公知 的方法进行。 例如可用外圆磨床、 内圓磨床、 摆动磨床、 砂带磨 行研 磨、 抛光.
根据本发明的第二方面， 提供了一种用于将陶瓷平板热处理弯曲成为 陶瓷曲面板的弧型炉， 它包括电加热元件、 保温材料及炉壳， 其特征在于， 所述电加热元件的至少一部分呈孤形排列， 直接构成一个弧形成型面； 或 者， 在所述的呈孤形排列的电加热元件之间及用来成型的表面方向上填充 及覆盖一层耐火材料， 构成一个连续、 平滑的孤形成型面； 或者， 在呈弧 形排列的电加热元件构成的弧形面上紧贴着电加热元件设置一个弧形耐火 村， 该耐火衬的一个表面的至少一部分构成一个连续、 平滑的弧形成型面； 其中所述的弧形成型面的曲率半径与所要生产的陶瓷曲面板的曲率半径一 致.
本发明弧型炉的电加热元件可以是本领域中已知的， 例如由碳化硅、 硅化钼、 石墨或电热丝等加工成的通电后可发热的元件， 其形状可以是棒 状的、 管状的、 条状的、 块状的或板状的.
本发明孤型炉的内顶面可以设置一些电加热元件也可以由保温材料构 成， 但其设计应有利于在炉膛内获得相对均勾的温场。
本发明孤型炉中的弧形成型面可以设计成凹面朝上、 也可以设计成凸 面朝上. 如果弧型炉的孤形成型面凹面朝上， 工作时， 将陶瓷平板的两側 端放置在弧形成型面上； 如果弧型炉的弧形成型面凸面朝上， 工作时， 将 陶瓷平板的中央放在成型面的凸起上.
本发明所述的将陶瓷平板热处理弯曲成为陶瓷曲面板的方法是对以往 用弧形耐火模具制造陶瓷曲面板方法的重大改进， 弧形耐火模具的体积大 且十分笨重， 一般弧形耐火模具的质量是相应陶瓷板的数倍至数十倍， 在 加热陶瓷板同时也需对模具进行加热， 由于其热容量很大， 所以加热、 冷 却时间长， 耗能高， 生产效率很低， 如对一块尺寸为 600mm χ 600mm χ 10mm，重量为 8千克的陶瓷平板加热处理使其弯曲成曲面板， 采用普通耐 火材料制造的弧形模具其质量为 100千克左右. 而本发明方法中， 由于使 用基本上由电加热元件限定的弧形成型面， 省去了弧形耐火模具， 因此体 系热容量大为降低， 使升温、 降温时间缩短， 并且降低了能耗， 从而达到 提高生产效率、 降低生产成本的目的.
附图说明
以下结合附图对本发明进行更详细叙述.
图 1所示为本发明一种方案的弧型炉的截面图， 其中电加热元件 5呈 弧形排列， 直接构成一个凹型弧形成型面 10 .
图 2所示为本发明另一种方案的孤型炉的截面图， 其中在呈弧形排列 的电加热元件 5之间及用来成型的表面方向上填充并覆盖一层耐火材料 6， 形成连续、 平滑的凹型弧形成型面 10'.
图 3所示为本发明又一种方案的孤型炉的截面图， 其中在呈弧形排列 的电加热元件 5构成的弧形面上紧贴着电加热元件设置了一个圃筒形耐火 衬 13 , 耐火衬 13的内表面的一部分构成凹型弧形成型面 10 " .
图 4所示为本发明另一种方案的弧型炉的截面图， 其中在呈弧形排列 的电加热元件 5构成的弧形面上紧贴着电加热元件设置了一个半圆形耐火 衬 13， 耐火衬 13的内表面构成凹型弧形成型面 10 * 。
图 5所示为本发明又一种方案的弧型炉的截面图. 其中电加热元件 5 呈弧形排列， 直接构成一个凸型弧形成型面 10 .
本发明各种方案中的相同结构或部件在附图中用同样的代码标记， 以 上附图说明中未提到的代码标记的意义具体如下， 1代表炉壳， 2代表保 温材料， 3代表陶瓷平板上粘结的锚固件， 4代表未经热处理的陶瓷平 板， 7代表经热处理弯曲之后的陶瓷曲面板， 8代表炉膛， 9代表热处理 弯曲之后陶瓷板与弧形成型面贴合的那个表面. 本发明的最佳实施方式
实施例 1
将尺寸为 600mm x 600mm χ 10mm的陶瓷平板 4置于具有图 1所示 结构的孤型炉内， 陶瓷锚固件 3以低熔点陶瓷泥浆粘结在陶瓷板上， 电加 热元件 5构成的弧形成型面 10曲率半径为 450mm，将陶瓷板在 1080 C下 加热 20分钟， 使其受热弯曲并与弧形成型面 10贴合， 冷却后， 得到曲率 半径为 450mm的陶瓷曲面板.将其表面用外圆磨床磨光， 即可用作建筑物 的圃柱面板.
实施例 2
将尺寸为 500mm x 500mm x 10mm的陶瓷平板 4置于具有图 2所示 结构的弧型炉内， 陶瓷锚固件 3以低熔点陶瓷泥浆粘结在陶瓷板上， 炉膛 内由耐火材料 13形成的连续、 平滑的弧形成型面 10'的曲率半径为 3m， 将陶瓷平板加热至 850 C 保温 20分钟， 使陶瓷平板受热弯曲， 并与弧形 成型面 10'贴合， 冷却后， 得到曲率半径为 3m的陶瓷曲面板.
实施例 3
将尺寸为 600mm x 600mm x 10mm的陶瓷平板 4置于具有图 1所示 结构的弧型炉中， 陶瓷锚固件 3以低熔点陶瓷泥浆粘结在陶瓷板上， 电加 热元件 5构成的弧形成型面 10的曲率半径为 600mm，将陶瓷平板 4在 1040 下保温 15分钟， 使其受热弯曲与弧形成型面 10贴合， 经冷却， 得到曲 率半径为 600mm的陶瓷曲面板.
实施例 4
将尺寸为 1000mm x 1000mm x 14mm的陶瓷平板 4置于具有图 4所 示结构的弧型炉中， 陶瓷锚固件 3以低熔点陶瓷泥浆粘结在陶瓷板上， 耐 火衬 13构成的弧形成型面 10 * 的曲率半径为 1.7m， 将陶瓷平板在 1000 下保温 15分钟， 使陶瓷平板受热弯曲， 并且其一个表面 9与弧形成型面 10 ' 贴合， 经冷却， 得到曲率半径为 1.7m的陶瓷曲面板.
实施例 5
将尺寸为 1200mm x 800mm χ 14mm的陶瓷平板放在具有图 5所示 结构的孤型炉中， 电加热元件 5构成的弧形成型面 10的曲率半径为
900mm , 将陶瓷平板在 1020 下保温 15分钟使陶瓷平板受热弯曲， 并且 其一个表面 9与弧形成型面 10贴合， 经冷却， 得到曲率半径为 900mm的 陶瓷面板.

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种用于将陶瓷平板热处理弯曲成陶瓷曲面板的方法， 包括以下步 猓： ①将陶瓷平板（ 4 )放置在由至少一部分是呈弧形排列的电加热元件
( 5 ) 限定的炉膛（ 8 ) 中， ②控制炉膛（ 8 )的加热温度和加热时间， 使陶瓷平板（ 4 ) 受热软化并弯曲， 直至其一个表面（ 9 ) 与炉中由电加 热元件（ 5 )基本限定的弧形成型面（ 10， 10', 10 ' )貼合, ③冷却炉 膛并取出陶瓷曲面板（ 7 ) .
2. 根据权利要求 1的方法， 其特征在于控制炉膛（ 8 ) 的加热温度为
550 至 1200 X： .
3. 根据权利要求 1的方法，其特征在于所述的陶瓷平板（ 4 )是指经烧 结的、 表面磨光或未经磨光、 表面有釉或无釉的瓷质、 半瓷质或陶质板材，
4. 根据权利要求 1的方法， 其特征在于所制得的陶瓷曲面板的曲率半 径大于或等于 0.1米.
5. 根据权利要求 1的方法， 其特征在于在步骤①之前在所述的陶瓷平 板的背面上用低熔点陶瓷泥浆粘结至少一个锚固件（ 3 ) , 该锚固件（ 3 ) 是具有大小头的陶瓷块， 其小头上有沟槽， 并且锚固件（ 3 ) 的小头与陶 瓷平板粘结， 这样在热处理后， 錨固件与陶瓷板烧结为一体， 并在锚固件 与陶瓷板接合处形成一通孔.
6. 根据权利要求 1至 5中任一项的方法， 其特征在于， 由步骤③得到的 陶瓷曲面板用人工或机械方法进一步磨光.
7. 一种用于将陶瓷平板热处理弯曲成陶瓷曲面板的孤型炉， 它包括电 加热元件（ 5 ) 、 保温材料（ 11 )及炉壳（ 12 ) , 其特征在于， 所述电 加热元件（ 5 )的至少一部分呈弧形排列， 直接构成一个弧形成型面 （ 10 ) ; 或者， 在所述的呈弧形排列的电加热元件（ 5 )之间及用来成型的表面方 向上填充及覆盖一层耐火材料（ 6 )， 构成一个连续、 平滑的弧形成型面 ( 10' )； 或者， 在呈孤形排列的电加热元件构成的弧形面上紧贴着电加热 元件设置一个弧形耐火衬（ 13 )， 该耐火衬（ 13 ) 的一个表面的至少一 部分构成一个连续、 平滑的弧形成型面（ 1(Τ )； 其中所述的弧形成型面 ( 10 , 10'， 10 * ) 的曲率半径与所要生产的陶瓷曲面板的曲率半径一 致.
8. 根据权利要求 7的!！型炉， 其特征在于， 所述的电加热元件（ 5 )是 棒状的、 管状的、 条状的、 块状的或板状的.
9. 根据权利要求 7的孤型炉， 其特征在于， 所述的弧形成型面（ 10， 10', 10 ' ) 的凹面朝上.
10. 根据权利要求 7的弧型炉， 其特征在于， 所述的弧型成型面（ 10 ) 的凸面朝上.
11. 根据权利要求 7 - 10中任一项的弧型炉， 其特征在于所述的耐火 衬是由棒状、 管状、 条状、 块状、 板状耐火材料形成。
PCT/CN1997/000041 1996-05-07 1997-05-07 Procede et four a arc pour le pliage de feuilles de ceramique plates pour les convertir en feuilles de ceramique courbes par traitement thermique WO1997042134A1 (fr)

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AU26890/97A AU2689097A (en) 1996-05-07 1997-05-07 The process and arc oven for bending ceramic flat sheets into ceramic curved sheets by heat treat
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CN96115770A CN1062537C (zh) 1996-05-07 1996-05-07 陶瓷曲面板的制造方法及弧型炉

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ES2823061A1 (es) * 2019-11-04 2021-05-05 Sucofade S L Procedimiento de realizacion de mobiliario recto o curvado a partir de placas planas de material porcelanico
CN113979722A (zh) * 2021-11-25 2022-01-28 东莞市唯美陶瓷工业园有限公司 一种陶瓷坯料、陶瓷曲面岩板
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EP2163365A1 (en) * 2008-09-12 2010-03-17 Cleto Parra Muñoz Method for manufacturing porcelain material pieces, device and product obtained
ES2823061A1 (es) * 2019-11-04 2021-05-05 Sucofade S L Procedimiento de realizacion de mobiliario recto o curvado a partir de placas planas de material porcelanico
CN113979722A (zh) * 2021-11-25 2022-01-28 东莞市唯美陶瓷工业园有限公司 一种陶瓷坯料、陶瓷曲面岩板
CN114180974A (zh) * 2021-12-29 2022-03-15 广东东唯新材料有限公司 一种具有连纹装饰的曲面岩板的制备方法及曲面岩板
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