WO1997029253A1

WO1997029253A1 - Insulating panel

Info

Publication number: WO1997029253A1
Application number: PCT/DE1997/000178
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Kellner; Frank Rimbach
Original assignee: Peter Kellner; Frank Rimbach
Priority date: 1996-02-07
Filing date: 1997-01-30
Publication date: 1997-08-14
Also published as: CZ289103B6; PL185398B1; EP0879326A1; CZ246398A3; ATE188268T1; EP0879326B1; PL328427A1; DE59700929D1; HUP9901356A2; HUP9901356A3

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to provide an insulating panel having high tensile and shear resistance, which can be adhesively secured to outer walls without dowels and makes the construction of rear-ventilated systems possible without additional components. This aim is attained by the invention in that the insulating material consists of a mineral wool (1) layer and one of the two parts (12) is a moulding in which there are recesses forming continuous hollow spaces between the two parts. The invention relates to an insulating panel, preferably for the heat insulation of the outer facades of buildings, containing an insulating material component having an additional component secured to it on at least one side (2).

Description

Insulation board

The invention relates to an insulation board, preferably for thermal insulation of building exterior facades, which contains an insulation part to which an additional part is attached at least on one side.

Various methods are known in the prior art for thermal insulation of single-shell and multi-shell outer walls. In order to meet the applicable thermal insulation regulations in the event of insufficient thermal resistance, thermal insulation measures are taken by gluing polystyrene hardboard or by gluing and additionally doweling mineral wool insulation materials. The insulation materials are often processed in the form of insulation boards. Additional layers are applied to the insulation boards for various applications.

According to EP 0 061 656, an insulation board is known in which a metal foil with quilting seams is attached to a mineral fiber felt layer and in which a rear support layer made of glass fabric is attached, which at the same time has an adhesive surface for

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) forms an adhesive attachment to the wall. This Däπumstoffplatte serves in particular to cover engine rooms in helicopters. It is not possible to attach a layer structure for facade elements and the like to such an insulation board.

DE - GM 18 06 720 describes a stiffened fiber mat which consists of a nonwoven fabric, the nonwoven being needled on both sides with non-corrugated or corrugated cardboards or foils. For needling, the nonwoven fabric is mechanically clamped between the covering materials, compressed and pre-pressed and then the fibers are pulled through. A high compressive strength is to be achieved with this fiber mat in order to be able to use these fiber mats for insulation under mastic asphalt. This means that it cannot be used for facade structures where the insulating mats have to absorb tensile and shear forces.

Furthermore, according to DE 29 40 425 a mat made of mineral fibers is known, which is fixed by bindings running perpendicular to the mat plane. For reasons of better processability, mats made of long mineral fibers are used in this mat, individual fibers or fiber strands of the mat being needled transversely to their plane in the mat. This needling enables a certain increase in the material density without additional materials. However, the tensile and shear strengths required for facade structures cannot be achieved with these mats either.

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) Furthermore, according to DE 42 42 261 A 1, a method for coating plastic foam sheets with mortar and the like is known, in which a fabric is provided in the mortar layer, the fabric being sewn onto the plastic foam sheet or the fabric being produced by sewing the plastic foam sheet. The insulation boards manufactured in this way are intended for use in the base area of buildings. With the method described, the surface is roughened in order to allow better mortar adhesion to the plate. With these plates, too, only relatively low strengths can be achieved because the insulating material is damaged during sewing, so that relatively large distances are necessary for the adjacent needle sticks. The strength values which are thus achieved are not sufficient for use in the facade area.

In the known insulation boards it is disadvantageous that, due to the low tensile strength of the insulation materials, they must be anchored between the insulation board and the wall in order to securely fix them to the outer wall. The dowelling is very costly and labor-intensive due to the high costs for dowels and the high effort for inserting the dowels. The process of pegging is also associated with a high level of noise pollution. Another disadvantage is that each dowel connection represents a thermal bridge due to the high thermal conductivity of the metal dowel.

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) In the known insulation boards it is also disadvantageous that additional components are required for the construction of ventilated systems, which cause a high outlay in terms of assembly and components.

The invention is based on the object of specifying an insulation board which has a high resistance to tensile and shear stresses, in order to allow the insulation board to bond to external walls without anchoring and which enables the construction of ventilated systems without additional components.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in that the insulating part consists of a mineral wool layer and in that at least one of the two parts is designed as a molded part in which moldings are applied, so that continuous cavities are formed between the two parts. The two parts can be connected by gluing or sewing. The formations can be arranged in a wave-like or claw-shaped manner.

An advantageous embodiment provides that the molded parts are connected to one another and to the insulation material by at least one seam that penetrates the entire insulation material. The seam usually penetrates the insulation board in a vertical direction relative to the molded parts. However, it is also

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) possible that the seam runs at an angle to optimally absorb tensile and shear forces. Mineral wool is preferably used as the insulating material. In principle, however, it is also possible to use all commercially available insulating materials such as polystyrene, foam rubber, glass wool and the like.

A further embodiment of the insulation board according to the invention provides that the insulation board consists of a mineral wool layer, the full-surface or partial surface, z. B. in the form of strips and the like, is seen with tissue.

It is also possible for the insulation layer to be enclosed on all sides by a fabric or by any molded parts. To ensure a high degree of dimensional stability, spacer elements can also be attached to the insulation board according to the invention.

Furthermore, it is possible for the molded part to have non-planar regions on at least one side of the insulation board, which allow an additional positive connection between the insulation board and the adjacent plaster or adhesive layer. Such a positive connection can be produced by undulating design of the molded part, by attaching loops or barbs or other design elements. It is also possible for the insulation board to have cutouts on at least one side and for the

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) Insulation board a fabric made of non-woven, plastic or metal is applied. As a result, a firm bond is achieved between the insulation board and the adjacent adhesive layer in an adhesive layer.

The fabric arranged on the outside of the insulation board serves as a plaster base or for attaching further coating systems.

The insulation board according to the invention enables full-surface fastening, regardless of the nature of the insulation board surface, without the otherwise necessary dowelling. This also enables installation in cases where there is no power connection.

Another advantage is that the insulation board can be adapted to the required shape simply by cutting, which is important, for example, in the area of windows and other openings. Due to the firm connection of the parts of the insulation board, an exact cutting out of the insulation board is possible without the stability of the insulation board being impaired.

It is also possible to design a rear-ventilated system in a simple manner by arranging continuous channels within the insulation board. It is thus possible to install a ventilated insulation system on an outer wall, in which only the operations for the installation of a simple insulation board have to be carried out. The insulation board is preferably

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) from two mineral wool plates, of which the channels are attached in at least one. The panels are either glued or sewn together. Sewing the insulation board ensures a particularly high level of strength. Due to the high stability of the insulation board, the insulation board can also be securely fastened at greater heights. For this purpose, the insulation board can be secured by additional doweling with the high level of security required for this. The insulation board ensures high fire safety as there are no exposed combustible materials. Any combustible materials, such as applied fabric layers, are bound in the adhesive or plaster, so that fire safety is also guaranteed to a high degree here. In addition, non-combustible materials can also be used if necessary.

A further advantageous embodiment of the insulation board according to the invention provides that the seam with which the two individual boards are connected runs on webs which are located between the fillets. As a result, the course of the seams within the insulation board is clearly visible from the outside, so that several insulation boards can be attached one above the other in such a way that there is no interruption in the air flow for the rear ventilation. In the glued version, the course of the ventilation ducts on the outside of the insulation board can be made visible with markings. To support this measure, it is

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) It is also possible that horizontal bevels are provided in the lower and / or upper area of the single plate provided with vertical fillets, and that colored threads made of flame-retardant or non-combustible material are used for sewing the individual plates.

Furthermore, it is possible for cutouts to be made on the outside of at least one individual panel and / or for a fabric layer to be applied to at least one outside of the insulation panel. This measure ensures that the material (adhesive or mortar) penetrates through the applied layer of fabric and ensures a link with the glass fiber fabric.

It is also possible for the insulation board to consist of a mineral single board and a flat fabric board, continuous fillets being provided on the mineral single board and the fabric layer on the webs which are located between the fillets of the mineral single board , is sewn on. With this embodiment, a simple and particularly inexpensive design of the insulation board is made possible.

In order to prevent the plaster from penetrating into the ventilation ducts through the fabric layer, an additional layer of non-combustible glass fleece is introduced between the fabric layer and the mineral wool panel and sewn together. To securely attach an insulation panel to a thicker insulation panel that is already attached to the wall, it is possible that a Velcro fastener is sewn onto the insulation panel, at least in part, whereby part of the insulation panel already attached to the wall and the second part of the Velcro is located on the insulation panel according to the invention. This fastening enables, for example, the attachment of the insulation board according to the invention to wall surfaces, for example to containers, prefabricated part houses, rafters, industrial buildings and the like.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments. In the accompanying drawing:

FIG. 1 shows a section through an insulation board according to the invention with a wave-shaped plastic grid sewn on;

Figure 2 shows the arrangement of the insulation board on an outer wall;

FIG. 3 shows a sectional illustration of an insulation board consisting of two mineral single boards;

Figure 4 shows the associated side view;

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) 5 shows an embodiment with a mineral single plate and a plastic grid and

Figure 6 shows an embodiment with two mineral wool plates glued together.

FIG. 1 shows an insulation board which consists of a 2 to 20 cm thick mineral wool layer 1 and the two additional parts 2 on the side, the inner additional part 2.1 being designed as a fabric layer with barbs 4. The barbs 4 were produced by bending lattice parts of the fabric layer. The outer additional part 2.2, which serves as a plaster base or fastening means for a further adhesive layer, is wave-shaped. The additional parts 2 and the mineral wool layer 1 are connected by seams 3. The barbs 4 ensure that the insulation board is securely fastened in the adhesive or mortar layer of the outer facade of the building to be insulated. The outer additional part 2.2, which is designed as a corrugated plastic grid, enables a mortar layer to be securely attached and / or air tubes to be formed to produce a rear ventilation.

In special embodiments of the insulation board, the seam 3 runs at least partially at an angle. The slope is selected so that in the assembled state of the insulation board on the outer wall 5 of the thread 3 from an upper point on the inner additional part 2.1 to a further below

ERSÄTZBLÄTT (REGEL26) gene point runs on the outer fabric layer 2.2. As a result, the insulation board can also absorb larger loads which, as a result of layers attached to the outside of the cladding, can lead to tensile and shear forces within the insulation board.

According to FIG. 2, the insulation board is fastened in a known manner to the outer wall 5 with an inner adhesive layer 6. The inner adhesive layer 6 adheres to the outer wall 5 and penetrates into the inner fabric layer 2.1, which is designed here in the form of a fabric claw. The outer additional part 2.2 and the inner additional part 2.1 are connected to one another by the seam 3, the thread here being in the form of a double chain stitch. However, lockstitch seams are also possible. The thread of the seam 3 is guided obliquely from the inner fabric layer 2.1 to the outer additional part 2.2, knotted there and returned to the inner fabric layer 2.1 and runs there until the next seam stitch. Of course, the seam can also be sewn from the other side. On the outer add-on part 2.2, the outer adhesive layer 7 forms a reinforcing layer, into which the reinforcing fabric 8 is inserted. On the outer adhesive layer 7 there is the final coating, which can be in the form of a plaster layer 9 or a ceramic layer and the like. In the example shown, the top coating is formed by a plaster layer 9 in the upper region.

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) The outer adhesive layer 7 is applied to the outer side of the insulation board, on which the outer fabric layer 2.2 is located. Above this is a reinforcing fabric 8, to which plaster 9 is then attached in the upper area and ceramic elements 12 in the lower area. The ceramic elements 12 are grouted in the usual way with grout 13 and have a seal 11 on the upper edge.

An exemplary embodiment of an insulation board with two mineral wool layers can be seen from FIGS. 3 to 6.

In this example, cutouts in the form of channel-shaped fillets 16 are worked into the thicker lower mineral wool plate 15 on the upper side over the entire length of the plate. The upper mineral wool plate 14 is located above it. The two plates are connected by sewing. The sewing thread 3 is guided in such a way that the seam is located on the webs which exist between the channel-shaped fillets 16 on the lower mineral wool plate 15. The sewing thread is colored to improve the visibility of the exact position during assembly. Coated steel wire is preferably used as the material for the sewing thread. Threads made of Teflon or polyamide are also well suited because they have very little flammability. Due to the colored design of the seam, it is possible in a simple manner when assembling the panels to arrange the panels one above the other in such a way that because the channel-shaped fillets are located one above the other, so that reliable rear ventilation is ensured. The rear ventilation can be further improved by also having groove-shaped fillets on the upper mineral wool plate 14.

Furthermore, it is possible to attach a chamfer 17 to one of the panels, preferably to the lower mineral wool panel 15, so that when the insulation panels are layered one on top of the other even if the channel-shaped fillets 16 of panels arranged one above the other are not aligned, they are secure Ventilation is guaranteed.

Normally, normal thicknesses of mineral wool panels are used for the lower mineral wool panel 15 of approximately 20 to 100 mm, while 14 thicknesses of 20 mm or less are advantageous for the upper mineral wool panel. It is also possible that additional fabric layers 18 are sewn onto both the outer surface of the lower mineral wool plate 15 and the outer surface of the upper mineral wool plate 14. Improved adhesion of the adhesive or of the plastering mortar can thus be achieved. The additional penetrations 19 on the lower or upper outer surface can improve the penetration of the fabric layer with the mortar or plaster.

FIG. 6 explains an embodiment in which two mineral wool panels are connected by an adhesive layer 20. In this embodiment, the insulation boards are expediently attached to the wall surface by gluing and additional dowelling.

ERSATZBL _Ä TT (REGEL26) FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which channel-shaped fillets 16 are fitted both in the upper mineral wool plate 14 and in the lower mineral wool plate 15. This reduces the flow resistance and improves the air throughput. Grooves 21 are milled into the upper mineral wool plate 14, into which the webs of the lower mineral wool plate 15 engage. The adhesive layer 20 is located between them. The positive connection between the groove 21 and the webs ensures that the two plates are in the correct position when they are joined and, in addition, in the case of glued versions, the adhesive surfaces are enlarged.

FIG. 8 explains a design in which the channel-shaped fillets 16 are attached to the upper mineral wool layer 14. Here, too, it is possible to work a groove 21 in the counterplate. This embodiment can advantageously be used for different thicknesses of the lower mineral wool panel 15, without the need for different machines or machine settings during manufacture. The design is also suitable for retrofitting rear ventilation.

The groove-shaped fillets 16 can be worked into the upper mineral wool plate 14 by milling. It is also possible that the upper plate 14 is pressed as a molded part, for example from mineral wool fibers that are cement-bound.

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) An embodiment is shown in FIG. 9, in which a one-piece mineral wool plate is provided with continuous, lined-up cylindrical cavities 22. This version is characterized by a high degree of inherent stability and enables easy installation. Since no gluing or sewing is required, unfavorable properties of foreign materials are excluded, so that, for example, there is no increase in the fire load. The improvement of the air flow is advantageous in this embodiment.

Additional channels 23 are provided on the upper and on the lower surface of the mounted plate, which ensure safe air movement even when the cavities 22 of the plates fastened one above the other are not aligned. Color markings can also be applied to the outer surface in order to make the course of the cavities 22 visible. As shown in FIG. 9, the cavities 22 can be cylindrical or have any cross-sectional shape.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a cross-sectional shape as a half ellipse.

FIG. 11 shows a variant in which the upper mineral wool plate 14 has channel-shaped cavities 16 and in which 15 insert parts 24 are inserted into the lower mineral wool plate, which give areas of higher strength. The insert parts 24 are advantageously cylindrical. This means a higher pressure and tension Strength of the overall system achieved, although an insulation material with lower strength can be used as the base material for the remaining area of the lower mineral wool plate 15. This creates a panel that combines the good thermal insulation properties of soft mineral wool panels with the high strength properties of the insert parts 24 made of solid mineral wool. It is possible to apply a plaster base plate immediately thereafter and to fasten it to the substrate through the insert parts 24. An advantageous embodiment arises from the fact that the cylindrical insert parts 24 are longer than the thickness of the lower mineral wool plate 15. As a result, these areas protrude from the mineral wool layer and can compensate for unevenness in the substrate because they can be moved in the insulating material . The parts projecting outwards are removed after the plate has been attached.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment in which an intermediate plate 25, which likewise consists of mineral wool and has channel-shaped cavities 16, is attached between the lower mineral wool plate 15 and the upper mineral wool plate 14. This increases the cross-sectional area for the air flow and at the same time increases the area for the force transmission to the lower mineral wool plate 15 and achieves a higher strength.

ERSATZBL _Ä TT (REGEL26)

B E Z U G Z E I C H E N L I S T E

1 layer of mineral wool

2.1 inner additional part

2.2 outer additional part

10 3 seam

4 barbs

5 outer wall

6 inner adhesive layer

7 outer adhesive layer

15 8 reinforcement mesh

9 plaster

10 locking pin

11 sealing

12 ceramic plate

20 13 grout

14 upper mineral wool plate

15 lower mineral wool plate

16 channel-shaped fillets

17 chamfer

25 18 layer of fabric

19 additional milling

20 adhesive layer

21 groove

22 cavity

30 23 gutter

24 insert part

25 intermediate plate

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26)

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Insulating board, preferably for thermal insulation of building exterior facades, which contains an insulating part, to which an additional part (2) is attached on at least one side, characterized in that the insulating part consists of a mineral wool layer (1) and that at least one of the two Parts (1,2) is designed as a molded part, in which formations are applied, so that cavities are formed between the two parts (1,2).

2. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the additional part is attached to the insulating part by an adhesive layer (20).

3. Insulation board according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the additional part (2) is attached to the insulation part by a sewing or stitching connection.

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26)

4. Insulation board according to one of claims l to 3, characterized in that a fabric part in the form of a wave-shaped grid part made of plastic or metal is sewn on as a molded part.

5. Dammstoffplatte according to claim 4, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that at least on one side of the insulation board, the grid part has outwardly directed elements (4).

6. Insulation board according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the sewing is carried out by machine sewing with a chain stitch or double lockstitch seam, the distance between the needle stitches being in the range of 5 to 30 mm.

7. insulation board according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the additional part also consists of mineral material, so that the insulation board has two individual panels (14, 15), with at least one individual panel on the other single panel Continuous channel-shaped fillets (16) are attached to the facing side.

8. Insulation board according to claim 7, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the seams (3) with which the two

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) Single plates (14, 15) are connected, run on webs that are located between the fillets (16).

9. Insulation board according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the lower and / or upper region of the individual flaps (16) provided with vertical fillets (16), horizontal chamfers (17) are fitted.

10. Insulation board according to one of claims l to 9, characterized in that on the outside of at least one single panel milled (19) are attached.

11. Insulation board according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a tissue layer (18) is attached to at least one outside of the insulation board.

12. Insulation board according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the insulation board consists of a mineral single plate, a Glas¬ non-woven layer and a fabric layer (18), wherein groove-shaped grooves (16) are attached to the mineral single plate and the Fabric coating (18) is sewn onto the webs which are located between the fillets (16) of the mineral single slab.

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26)

13. Insulating board according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a Velcro fastener is sewn onto the insulating board at least in part.

14. Insulation board according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulation board is sewn with colored threads made of flame-retardant or non-combustible materials.

15. Insulating board according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the obe¬ ren mineral wool plate (14) grooves (21) are provided, in which the webs of the lower mineral wool layer (15) engage.

16. Insulating board according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulating board is made in one piece and that continuous cavities (22) are arranged in the insulating board.

17. Insulating board according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the mineral wool plate (15) insert parts (24) made of material with higher strength than the base material of the lower mineral wool plate (15) is arranged.

18. Insulating board according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an intermediate plate (25) is arranged between the lower mineral wool plate (15) and the upper mineral wool plate (16), which has channel-shaped fillets.

ERSÄΓZBLÄTT (REGEL26)