AT17112U1 - Wall or roof cladding unit, wall and roof cladding system, in particular back-ventilated or rear-ventilated wall and roof cladding system, as well as wall, in particular wooden frame construction wall, and roof and use of the wall or roof cladding unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a wall or roof cladding structural unit (100) containing at least one wall or roof cladding element (1), a skirting board and / or a cover board. The invention also relates to: a wall or roof cladding system comprising at least two adjacent wall or roof cladding units, a wall or a roof containing at least one wall or roof cladding system or containing at least two wall or roof cladding units, and one Skirting board or a cover board with an outside and an opposite inside surface.

Description

description

WALL OR ROOF CLOTHING UNIT, WALL AND ROOF CLADDING SYSTEM, IN PARTICULAR VENTILATED OR VENTILATED WALL AND ROOF CLADDING SYSTEM, AND WALL, IN PARTICULAR WOODEN FRAMEWORKING, AND ROOF CLADDING

The present invention relates to a wall or roof cladding unit and a wall and roof cladding system, in particular a rear-ventilated or rear-ventilated wall and roof cladding system, containing a plurality of wall or roof cladding units according to the invention. The invention also relates to a wall, in particular a wooden frame construction wall, and a roof containing at least one wall or roof cladding assembly according to the invention and / or at least one wall or roof cladding system according to the invention. Finally, the invention relates to the use of the wall and roof cladding units according to the invention and the wall and roof cladding systems according to the invention.

Houses based on the wood frame and solid wood construction have long been known. In particular, prefabricated houses can be produced efficiently and inexpensively with the help of the wooden frame and solid wood construction. In timber frame construction, a wooden frame with vertical and horizontal bars takes on the vertical support function, while panel-shaped wall construction elements are responsible for the horizontal bracing. Diagonally applied or embedded boards or struts can also be used for stiffening. In buildings made according to the post construction method, the vertically running posts form the load-bearing system, which regularly extends from the threshold to the roof. The wall systems used for the external facades are regularly insulated. So-called rear-ventilated facades are increasingly being installed in order to guarantee the transport of moisture in general and to prevent the formation of condensation in particular.

EP 2 886 738 describes an insulating facade mounted on an outer wall of the building with predominantly horizontally extending thresholds which in sections bear against the outer wall of the building and are fastened to it. Insulating cladding is provided on the outside and at a distance from the outside wall of the building. The insulation material is located between this cladding and the outer wall of the building. Stems which are spaced apart from the building outer wall extend vertically between the horizontally extending thresholds. This is intended to improve the thermal insulation and the load-bearing capacity and flatness of the insulated facade structure.

From DE 10 2012 101 931 a facade insulation system with a substructure in wood frame construction is known, which comprises, in addition to the substructure, an insulation layer made of a plurality of mineral wool panels and a plaster layer with a reinforcing fabric embedded therein. The mineral wool panels have to be attached to the substructure with the help of mechanical fasteners in the form of metal clips. Furthermore, a carrier fabric in the form of a mesh fabric rests on the side of the insulation layer facing the plaster layer.

According to DE 20 2008 000 597, a component that simultaneously comprises supporting structure and insulation can be obtained by alternately gluing at least one sheet of pressure-resistant insulating material and at least two lamellas made of solid wood or wood-based materials. By making the slats wider, a rear ventilation level should be accessible.

DE 20 2015 102 067 discloses an outer wall element in a wooden frame construction with a boltwork made of vertically and horizontally disordered structural timber, which is planked with an outer wall shell and an inner wall shell. The inner wall shell has a first and a second windproof layer spaced therefrom. By attaching this system of windproof layers one would obtain sufficient windproofness.

In DE 199 29 969 a timber frame construction element for the construction of prefabricated houses

proposed from two parallel, spaced apart panels, the space between these panels is filled with a number of tightly fitting solid wood beams. In this way, prefabricated houses in wood frame construction should be accessible, which are relatively inexpensive to manufacture and at the same time allow the advantages of solid wood construction.

The exterior facade systems known from the prior art are still flawed. The present invention was therefore based on the object of providing external facade systems which no longer have the disadvantages of the systems known from the prior art and which, especially with good thermal insulation, are easy to assemble and at the same time ensure reliable and adequate rear ventilation at the same time pronounced moisture protection of the wooden elements of an external facade system.

Accordingly, a wall or roof cladding unit was found according to a first embodiment, containing or consisting of

A) comprising at least one wall or roof cladding element, in particular facade cladding element

al) at least one insulation layer with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge,

b1) a large number of spaced-apart support structures, in particular webs, which are an integral part of the insulation layer on the outside surface or which is connected to the insulation layer on the outside surface and

which extends on the outside surface from or at a distance from the lower edge of the insulation layer in the direction of the upper edge, in particular up to the upper edge,

c1) at least one cover layer, in particular cover plate, with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge,

which is connected to the multitude of spaced-apart support structures, in particular webs,

d1) a plurality of ventilation ducts, formed by the spaced-apart support structures and the cover layer connected to these support structures,

in particular by two adjacent webs and the cover layer connected to the webs,

wherein the ventilation channels extend on the outside surface from or at a distance from the lower edge of the insulating layer in the direction of the upper edge, in particular up to the upper edge, and

wherein the ventilation ducts via first ventilation openings on or in the area of the lower edge of the insulation layer, and

have second ventilation openings on or in the area of the upper edge, as well as B) a skirting board with

an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge and a first side edge and an opposite second side edge,

wherein the upper edge of the baseboard can be placed or rests against the lower edge of the insulating layer and the lower edge of the cover layer or is respectively adjacent thereto and

wherein the baseboard has a plurality of passages, in particular channels, extending from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge, and

wherein these passages at least partially overlap with at least some of the first ventilation openings, and / or

C) a cover strip with

an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge and a first side edge and an opposite second side edge,

wherein the lower edge of the cover strip can be placed or rests against the upper edge of the insulating layer and the upper edge of the cover layer or is respectively adjacent thereto and

wherein the cover strip has a plurality of passages, in particular channels, extending from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge, and

these passages at least partially overlapping at least some of the second vents.

Furthermore, a wall or roof cladding unit was found according to a second embodiment, containing or consisting of

AA) at least one wall or roof cladding element, in particular facade cladding element, comprising c2) at least one cover layer, in particular cover plate, with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge, b2 ) a large number of spaced-apart support structures, in particular webs,

which is an integral part of the cover layer on the inside surface or which is connected to the cover layer on the inside surface and which extends on the inside surface from or at a distance from the lower edge of the cover layer in the direction of the upper edge, in particular up to the upper edge,

a2) at least one insulation layer with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge,

those with the plurality of spaced apart support structures,

in particular webs, is connected, and

d2) a large number of ventilation ducts, formed by spaced-apart support structures and the insulating layer connected to these support structures,

in particular by two adjacent webs and the insulating layer connected to the webs,

wherein the ventilation ducts on the inside surface from or at a distance from the lower edge of the cover layer in the direction of the upper edge,

in particular to the upper edge, extend and

wherein the ventilation channels have first ventilation openings on or in the region of the lower edge of the cover layer and second ventilation openings on or in the region of the upper edge, and

BB) a skirting board with

an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge and a first side edge and an opposite second side edge,

wherein the upper edge of the baseboard can be placed or rests against the lower edge of the insulating layer and the lower edge of the cover layer or is respectively adjacent thereto and

wherein the baseboard has a plurality of passages, in particular channels, extending from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge, and these passages at least partially overlap with at least some of the first ventilation openings, and / or

CC) a cover strip with

an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge and a first side edge and an opposite second side edge,

wherein the lower edge of the cover strip can be placed or rests against the upper edge of the insulating layer and the upper edge of the cover layer or is respectively adjacent thereto and

wherein the cover strip has a plurality of passages, in particular channels, extending from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge, and these passages at least partially overlap with at least some of the second ventilation openings.

The first and the second variant of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention differ essentially in how the ventilation ducts are formed by the interaction of the insulating layer and the cover layer. While in the first variant the insulation layer has a three-dimensional structure on the outside, in the second variant the cover layer has a corresponding three-dimensional structure on the inside.

In addition, a wall or roof cladding unit was found according to a third embodiment, containing or consisting of

AAA) at least one wall or roof cladding element, in particular facade cladding element, comprising a3) with at least one insulating layer

an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge, d3) a plurality of ventilation ducts in the insulation layer,

which extend from or at a distance from the lower edge of the insulation layer in the direction of the upper edge, in particular up to the upper edge, and

wherein the ventilation ducts via first ventilation openings on or in the area of the lower edge of the insulation layer, and

have second ventilation openings on or in the area of the upper edge, as well as BBB) a skirting board with

an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge and a first side edge and an opposite second side edge,

wherein the upper edge of the skirting can be placed or rests against the lower edge of the insulating layer or is respectively adjacent thereto and

wherein the baseboard has a plurality of passages, in particular channels, extending from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge, and

wherein these passages at least partially overlap with at least some of the first ventilation openings, and / or

CCC) with a cover strip

an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge and a first side edge and an opposite second side edge,

wherein the lower edge of the cover strip can be placed or rests against the upper edge of the insulating layer or is respectively adjacent thereto and

wherein the cover strip has a plurality of passages, in particular channels, extending from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge, and

these passages at least partially overlapping at least some of the second vents.

In the third embodiment of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention, the ventilation ducts are already in the insulating layer. These ventilation ducts can, for example, have a rectangular or square cross-section or also a circular cross-section and accordingly be designed, for example, as tubes, in particular cylindrical tubes, which extend from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge of the insulation layer.

In particular, in one embodiment of the third embodiment of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention, the plurality of ventilation ducts in the insulation layer (component d3)) can alternatively also be formed by insulation layer materials which, due to their foamed open-cell structure or their fiber structure, allow air to pass through, for example Allow meandering pores. Suitable insulating layers for this are, for example, natural fiber insulation boards or mineral wool insulation boards.

[0015] Those design variants of the wall cladding construction units according to the invention

th are particularly preferred in which a skirting board in the sense of the present invention is used.

Of course, the first and second, the first and the third or the first, the second and the third embodiment variant of the invention can also be present next to one another in a wall cladding module according to the invention. The terms "upper" and "lower" are readily understood by the person skilled in the art and relate to the orientation of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention when attached or used in the generic manner. If the roof cladding units according to the invention are used on a flat roof, the term " lower "regularly refers to the edge or area that is closest to the edge of the roof. If the roof has a slope, the lower edge is arranged towards the eaves or the term "lower" means the orientation towards the eaves.

The wall or roof cladding units according to the invention can be obtained in very few steps and are very simple and straightforward to install.

The wall or roof cladding elements according to the invention are designed in a preferred embodiment such that the inner side surface of the insulating layer is exposed. In this way, a structurally efficient construction is possible, which as such is already sufficiently stable. The number of production steps can also be significantly reduced again.

In an expedient embodiment of a wall or roof cladding unit according to the invention, the wall or roof cladding element also has at least one, in particular diffusion-open, protective layer on the outside surface of the insulating layer. In a preferred embodiment, this protective layer represents a sarking membrane or a wall lining membrane or a protective coating. While the sarking membrane is preferably used in the roof cladding units according to the invention, a so-called wall cladding sheet is often used for the wall cladding units according to the invention in order to apply a diffusion-open protective layer against particularly weather influences. In this way, on the one hand, damage to the wall or roof cladding unit is prevented, and on the other hand, effective humidity regulation is always possible.

Particularly suitable wall or roof cladding units according to the invention are also characterized in that the wall or roof cladding element also partially or completely along a, in particular cover layer-side, area of the lower or upper edge or the first or second side edge, in particular along the first and second side edge, the insulation layer has a recess or, in particular in the transition to the adjacent cover layer, an opening, each set up and designed to receive at least one assembly connection unit for the structural connection with an adjacent wall or roof cladding element, in particular a connection tab, or one , in particular integral with the insulation layer, projection, set up and designed for insertion into a recess or recess of an adjacent wall or roof cladding element for the structural connection with the same.

Alternatively or additionally, the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention can have wall or roof cladding elements that are partially or completely along a region of the lower or upper edge or the first and / or second side edge, in particular the first and second side edge, of the cover layer have a recess or, in particular in the transition to the adjacent insulation layer, an opening, in particular an opening, set up and designed to receive at least one assembly connection unit for the structural connection with an adjacent wall or roof cladding element, in particular a connecting strap, or one, in particular integral with the top layer present, projection, set up and designed for introduction into a recess or recess of an adjacent wall or roof cladding element for the structural connection with the same.

Furthermore, as an alternative or in addition, those expedient wall or roof cladding units according to the invention come into consideration, in which the wall or roof cladding elements partially or completely along a region of the lower or upper edge or the first or second side edge, in particular along the first and second side edge, the cover layer have an offset step for the structural connection with an adjacent wall or roof cladding element with an offset step shoulder that protrudes over the edge of the adjacent insulation layer and is set up and aligned to enable a corresponding offset of the cover layer of an adjacent wall or roof cladding element, especially flush to intervene. The last-mentioned embodiment has the advantage over the two embodiments mentioned above that adjacent wall or roof cladding structural units according to the invention can be connected to one another without the need for a separate, additional component. Rather, the stepped shoulder of the cover layer protruding over the edge of the insulation layer, for example the side edge of the insulation layer, can engage in the omission of an offset step of the cover layer or a free space between the cover layer and insulation layer of an adjacent wall or roof cladding unit and, for example, by means of gluing and / or by means of clips , Nails, screws and / or dowels. Brackets within the meaning of the invention are also intended to include metal hooks.

It can also be provided that the wall or roof cladding elements of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention furthermore have at least one assembly connection unit, in particular connection tab, wherein a first section of the assembly connection unit is present or insertable in the recess or omission of the insulation layer or the cover layer and wherein the second section is designed and set up for a connection to an adjacent wall or roof cladding element, for example via a tongue and groove connection, a stepped offset connection or a tongue and groove connection with insert strips, the tongue and groove connection being preferred is, or at least one projection that extends from the lower or upper edge or from the first or second side edge, in particular along the first and second side edge, of the insulation layer or over at least one projection that extends from the lower or upper edge or from the ers th or second side edge, in particular along the first and second side edge, of the cover layer.

Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention, the wall or roof cladding element can also partially or completely along a, in particular central, area of the lower or upper edge or the first or second side edge of the insulation layer, a first locking element, in particular a groove or spring, designed and set up for constructive connection with or reception of a second locking element corresponding to this first locking element, in particular an adjacent wall or roof cladding element. It can be provided here that the first locking element is designed and set up to form a tongue-and-groove connection, a stepped offset or a tongue-and-groove connection with insert strips, in particular a tongue-and-groove connection, with the second locking element. The first locking element is particularly preferably a tongue or a groove. The interaction of the first and second locking element also contributes to the better connection of adjacent wall or wall elements. Roof cladding elements, especially when the first and second locking elements are connected to one another with the aid of an adhesive. A more precise, easier and reproducible adjustment of adjacent wall or roof cladding elements according to the invention is also achieved with the aid of locking elements during assembly.

The insulating layer of the wall or roof cladding element can in suitable embodiments made of polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, foamed polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, phenolic resin foam, polyethylene foam, cork, in particular expanded cork, mineral wool, mineral fibers, wood wool, wood fibers, expanded vermiculite, expanded clay, expanded perlite and / or contain foam glass or be formed from it, with natural fibers being used in a particularly suitable embodiment. For the insulation layer

of the wall or roof cladding element of the wall or roof cladding unit according to the invention, a composite insulation board or a natural insulation board, in particular a natural fiber insulation board or a foamed natural insulation board, or a mineral wool insulation board can be used in a preferred embodiment. Mineral wool dimming panels and so-called composite insulating panels can also be used for this purpose. Suitable composite insulation boards include, for example, insulation boards based on rock wool or insulation boards based on wood wool bound with mineral binders. The latter composite insulation boards are also known as Heraklith insulation boards. Of course, all other insulation materials known to the person skilled in the art can also be used. It is also particularly advantageous that natural insulation boards, in particular natural fiber insulation boards, made from renewable raw materials can be used for the wall or roof cladding elements of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention. Particularly preferred are those renewable raw materials which are selected from the group consisting of wood fibers, hemp fibers, flax fibers, nettle fibers, seaweed, elephant grass, mescanthum, reeds, coconut fibers, straw and any mixture of the aforementioned renewable raw materials.

The natural fiber insulation board made of wood fibers, also known to those skilled in the art as wood fiber insulation board, is preferably a soft wood fiber board. Wood fiber insulation boards, preferably soft wood fiber boards, or hemp fiber insulation boards are preferably used for the insulation layers of the wall or roof cladding elements of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention.

The support structures of the insulation layer and the cover layer of the first and second variant of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention can in one embodiment be an integral part of the insulation layer or cover layer and thus preferably be made of the same material as the insulation layer or cover layer. Alternatively, it is also possible to design the structures of the insulation layer and of the cover layer according to the first or second embodiment variant of the wall or roof cladding construction units according to the invention as separate components. These separate components can also be made of the same material as the insulation layer or the cover layer with which they are connected. For example, in suitable embodiments, the support structures can contain polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, foamed polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, phenolic resin foam, polyethylene foam, cork, in particular expanded cork, mineral wool, mineral fibers, wood wool, wood fibers, expanded vermiculite, expanded clay, expanded perlite and / or foam glass be. Alternatively, it is also possible for the support structures designed as separate components to be formed from a material, in particular an insulation material, which does not match the material of the insulation layer or cover layer. For example, such support structures can represent a fiber component, for example formed from a random fleece mat, and represent a natural fiber component, for example. Alternatively, these support structures can be foamed components, cork components or mineral wool components.

The top layer of the wall or roof cladding assembly according to the invention is usually a plaster base plate.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the wall or roof cladding unit according to the invention, the skirting board and / or the cover board is completely or essentially formed from cork, foamed or extruded polymer materials, in particular XPS and / or EPS and / or PUR materials, porous silicate and / or aluminate materials, in particular selected from the group consisting of porous calcium silicate, porous calcium silicate hydrate, porous alkali aluminate, porous alkaline earth aluminate, porous alkali aluminate hydrate, porous alkaline earth aluminate hydrate and any mixtures of these materials. The baseboards and cover strips made from cork can be used, for example, on components made from so-called cork shredded (cork bark is mechanically shredded without further additives), from so-called recycling cork, from expanded cork granulate (this is cork shredded by steam) or from baking cork ( this is under

Water vapor at 250 ° - 350 ° C, expanded and glued cork granulate).

In a particularly expedient embodiment, the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention are also equipped with at least one air-permeable, in particular insect-proof or small animal-proof cover. This cover is preferably designed as a perforated profile plate. In one embodiment it can be provided that this cover is present on or connected to the upper edge of the cover strip and is set up and designed to cover the second ventilation openings of the ventilation ducts. In a further expedient embodiment, this cover, in particular a perforated profile plate, can be present on or connected to the lower edge of the baseboard and can be set up and designed to cover the first ventilation openings of the ventilation ducts.

The air-permeable, in particular insect-proof, cover, in particular perforated profile plate, is particularly preferably L-shaped. In this embodiment, it has a first air-permeable leg and a second leg. This second leg is preferably designed and set up for the attachment of a fabric strip, in particular a reinforcement fabric strip. This second leg is regularly in contact with the visible side of the cover or skirting board. In an expedient embodiment, this second leg can have one or more adhesives on the inside, i.e. facing the visible side of the cover or skirting board. With the help of these adhesives, for example in the form of adhesive strips, the air-permeable cover can be safely and reliably mounted on the skirting board or ceiling molding.

In a further particularly expedient embodiment, the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention are further equipped with at least one, in particular L-shaped, support structure, in particular console, for the baseboard. This support structure for the skirting board can be attached to the stems of the wooden support structure, for example. In particular, the L-shaped supporting structure is suitable as a starting point for attaching a ventilated facade. The baseboard is first placed or attached to this support structure. This is followed by the application of an insulation layer and then a top layer. In an expedient embodiment, the, in particular L-shaped, support structure can have one or more adhesives on the inside, i.e. facing the visible side of the cover or baseboard. With the aid of these adhesives, for example in the form of adhesive strips, the baseboard or cover strip can be fixed and the assembly can be simplified and made more reliable. In many cases it has proven to be expedient in a next step to push the air-permeable, in particular insect-proof, cover to cover the permeable cover of the baseboard under the same. If this air-permeable, in particular insect-proof, cover is L-shaped, the air-permeable leg below the skirting board is pushed in until the leg on the visible side comes to rest on the front side of the skirting board.

In a further embodiment it can be provided that the edge of the cover layer of the wall or roof cladding element of the wall or roof cladding unit according to the invention is undercut at least in sections, preferably the undercut edge of the cover layer on the section adjacent to the lower edge, upper edge , first side edge or second side edge of the insulating layer, which has the locking element in the form of a groove, protrudes beyond the respective lower edge, upper edge, first side edge or second side edge of the insulating layer.

In addition, it can be provided in a further embodiment that the cover layer of the wall or roof cladding element of the wall or roof cladding unit according to the invention protrudes at least in sections over the lower or upper edge of the insulation layer or over the first or second side edge of the insulation layer or that the cover layer flush with the lower or the upper edge of the insulation layer or with the first or the second side edge of the insulation layer. Alternatively, it is also possible here for the cover layer to be the outer side surface of the insulation layer in one

Area along the first side edge or the second side edge or in an area along the lower or the upper edge of the insulation layer is not completely covered.

The wall or roof cladding units according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that the cover layer, in particular the upper or lower edge of the cover layer or the area along the upper or lower edge of the cover layer, or the upper or lower edge of the insulation layer or the area along the lower or the upper edge of the insulation layer that is not covered by the cover layer, or at least one support structure, in particular a web, of the wall or roof cladding element in the area along the lower or the upper edge of the insulation layer that is not is covered by the cover layer, in particular the area along the upper and lower edge of the cover layer, has at least one marking, in particular a plurality of laterally spaced markings.

The first and / or second ventilation channels and / or the first and / or second ventilation openings of the wall or roof cladding assembly according to the invention regularly have a substantially square or rectangular cross section.

In particularly expedient configurations, the passages of the skirting board and / or the passages of the cover molding have an essentially round, in particular circular, cross section.

In a particularly suitable embodiment, the passages are attached, preferably substantially equally spaced from one another, over the entire length of the skirting board or the cover board. In this particularly suitable embodiment in particular, it has proven to be expedient to provide indentations, for example in the form of so-called half-bores, on the side wall surfaces. If two such base or cover strips are placed flush against one another, these indentations adjacent to one another form a passage. It has been shown, surprisingly, that with the embodiment described above, it can be ensured in a particularly reliable manner that a sufficiently large cross-sectional area at passages always overlaps with a ventilation channel or a ventilation opening. In this way, consistently good rear ventilation of a facade is regularly guaranteed.

Particularly preferred are those embodiments of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention in which the cross-sectional area of a passage, in particular the cross-sectional area of a plurality of these passages, is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first or second ventilation channels, in particular the first or second ventilation openings.

In this case, it can also be provided in particular that the sum of the cross-sectional areas of two passages is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first or second ventilation channels, in particular the first or second ventilation openings.

A particularly practicable attachment of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention is accordingly also achieved with those wall or roof cladding units in which at least one of the, in particular the plurality of, in particular essentially equipped with a square or rectangular cross-section, spaced apart, first ventilation ducts and / or the first ventilation openings and / or at least one of the, in particular the plurality of, in particular equipped with a square or rectangular cross-section, spaced apart, second ventilation channels and / or the second ventilation openings each has a cross-sectional area which is equal to or greater than the sum of the, in particular circular, cross-sectional areas of one passage and half the cross-sectional area of an adjacent passage, in particular two adjacent passages, and in particular smaller or equal ch is the sum of four, in particular three, adjacent passages.

In this case, those wall or roof cladding modules according to the invention are particularly preferred in which the plurality of first ventilation ducts and / or the first ventilation

openings are arranged along a, in particular essentially straight, line and have a transverse extent perpendicular to the line and a longitudinal extent along the line and that the plurality of passages are arranged along a, in particular substantially rectilinear, line and that these two lines are in the Are essentially in congruence, so that the cross-sectional areas of the first ventilation channels or first ventilation openings overlap with the cross-sectional areas of the passages, the maximum diameter of the passages in particular having an extent that essentially corresponds to the transverse extent of the first ventilation ducts and / or the first ventilation openings or is smaller. Alternatively or additionally, it can also be provided here that the plurality of second ventilation channels and / or the second ventilation openings are arranged along a, in particular essentially straight, line and have a transverse extent perpendicular to the line and a longitudinal extent along the line and that the plurality of the passages are arranged along a, in particular essentially straight, line and that these two lines are essentially in congruence, so that the cross-sectional areas of second ventilation ducts or second ventilation openings overlap with the cross-sectional areas of the passages, the maximum diameter of the passages in particular has an extent which substantially corresponds to or is smaller than the transverse extent of the first ventilation ducts and / or the first ventilation openings.

Those wall cladding units according to the invention have proven to be particularly preferred in which the, in particular essentially circular, passages of the skirting boards have a diameter in the range of about 18 to 22 mm, preferably of about 20 mm, in which the distances between adjacent passages are in the range of about 3 to 7 mm and preferably about 5 mm, and in which the, in particular essentially square or preferably rectangular, first ventilation channels and / or the first ventilation openings in their longitudinal extent together with an adjacent support structure a total length of Range from about 100 mm to 150 mm and preferably about 125 mm, wherein the first ventilation channels and / or the first ventilation openings preferably have a longitudinal extent in the range of about 50 mm to 80 mm, in particular of about 65 mm. Furthermore, those roof cladding modules according to the invention have proven to be particularly preferred in which the, in particular essentially circular, passages of the cover strips have a diameter in the range of about 18 to 22 mm, preferably of about 20 mm, in which the distances between adjacent passages are in the Range of about 3 to 7 mm and preferably about 5 mm, and in which the, in particular essentially square or preferably rectangular, second ventilation channels and / or the second ventilation openings in their longitudinal extent together with an adjacent support structure have a total length in the range of about 100 mm to 150 mm, in particular of about 125 mm, wherein the second ventilation channels and / or the second ventilation openings preferably have a longitudinal extent in the range of about 50 mm to 80 mm, in particular of about 65 mm.

Above all, with the embodiments described above, it is regularly possible to ensure adequate ventilation in a very reliable manner, without paying special attention to the lengths of the base or cover strip, which are to be attached next to each other in a ventilated wall or roof, It is of particular advantage that no special fine adjustment is required for the relative alignment to the ventilation ducts and the ventilation openings with which the passages of the base or cover strip overlap. A safe and functional assembly always succeeds.

Particularly useful configurations of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention are also characterized in that the passages have a diameter in the range from 15 to 50 mm, in particular in the range from 15 to 25 mm and particularly preferably 18 to 22 mm. Alternatively and in particular in addition, it can be provided that adjacent passages each have a shortest distance from one another in the range of 2 to 10 mm, in particular 4 to 6 mm.

The passages are preferably at a distance from the front of the skirting board

or cover strip, which corresponds to the thickness of the cover layer or cover plate. For many applications it has accordingly proven to be expedient if the multiplicity of passages is present at a constant distance from the front side of the skirting board or cover board. If the passages are present, for example, with a circular cross-sectional area, the center points of the passages are located on a line, in particular if the diameters of the passages essentially match. This line expediently runs parallel to the front side of the skirting board or cover bar.

Furthermore, those embodiments of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention have proven to be particularly suitable in which the longitudinal side of the rectangular cross-sectional area of the first or second ventilation channels, in particular the first 0 of the second ventilation openings, has a length in the range of 8 to 20 mm, in particular in the range of 10 to 15 mm.

The baseboard and the cover bar, in particular the baseboard, have a substantially cuboid shape in many expedient configurations. The height of this cuboid from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge can vary, for example, in the range from 2 cm to 35 cm and preferably in the range from 3 cm to 20 cm. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the depth of the cover or cover according to the invention. Skirting can vary in the range from 6 cm to 30 cm and preferably in the range from 7.5 cm to 20 cm. The length of the cover strips or skirting strips according to the invention can vary within wide ranges, for example in the range from 40 cm to 4 m, expedient lengths regularly being in the range from 75 cm to 1.5 m. In particularly suitable embodiments, the distance between the passages and the front of the base or cover strip is in the range from about 1 cm to 5 cm, preferably in the range from 1.5 cm to 3 cm, for example 2 cm.

The object on which the invention is based is further achieved by a wall or roof cladding system, in particular a rear-ventilated or rear-ventilated wall or roof cladding system, comprising at least two adjacent wall or roof cladding modules according to the invention, in particular a plurality of wall or roof cladding units according to the invention that are at least in pairs. Roof cladding construction units, wherein wall or roof cladding elements that are adjacent to one another are preferably connected to one another with a substantially precise fit along their mutually facing edges and wherein preferably the adjacent wall or roof cladding elements according to the invention are undercut along their mutually facing side edges of the insulation layers or along their mutually facing, in particular opposite, undercut , Edges of the cover layers are connected to one another essentially with a perfect fit.

In the wall or roof cladding systems according to the invention, it can be provided in appropriate configurations that the wall or roof cladding elements of the wall or roof cladding units according to the invention by means of connecting means, in particular mechanical connecting means, preferably clips, screws, nails and / or dowels, and / or by gluing to a wall, in particular solid construction wall, for example concrete, aerated concrete, brick, natural stone, sand-lime brick or clinker wall, solid wood construction wall, for example solid wood panel and / or OSB panel, or wood frame construction wall, preferably comprising the solid wood panel and / or the OSB board, or with the partition insulation of a timber frame structure or with the stud work of a timber frame structure or with a roof. In this case, the wall cladding elements can preferably be attached to the solid construction wall by means of screws and / or dowels and / or by means of gluing. in particular the concrete, natural stone, sand-lime brick or clinker brick wall, or with the solid wood construction wall, in particular with the solid wood panel and / or with the OSB panel, or with the wooden frame construction wall, in particular comprising the solid wood panel and / or the OSB panel, or with the partition insulation of a timber frame construction or with the stud work of a timber frame construction.

Such wall or roof cladding systems according to the invention have proven to be particularly expedient in which the assembly connection unit, in particular the connection

extension tab, is provided between two adjacent wall or roof cladding elements to connect these wall or roof cladding elements, the recesses or openings present in the facing side edges of the adjacent insulating layers or cover layers each receiving the assembly connection unit, in particular the connecting tab, in certain areas, wherein preferably the assembly connection unit, in particular the connection tab, and the cover layer and / or the insulation layer are connected to one another by means of gluing or by means of connecting means, in particular mechanical connecting means, preferably screws, nails, dowels and / or clamps, in particular clamps, these screws, nails or brackets, in particular brackets, extend into the insulation layer. The connecting means such as screws, nails, staples and / or dowels are in a particularly preferred embodiment through the assembly connection unit, in particular the 'connecting tab, especially when in the assembled state, ie connecting two adjacent wall or roof cladding elements, passed to the wall or To attach the roof cladding element to a carrier or a base, for example a wall or a roof carrier.

It can be provided here that the at least one projection extends from the lower and / or upper edge and / or from the first and / or second side edge, in particular along the first and / or second side edge, of the insulating layer. It can also be provided that the at least one projection extends from the lower and / or upper edge and / or from the first and / or second side edge, in particular along the first and / or second side edge, of the cover layer.

Such wall or roof cladding systems according to the invention have also proven to be particularly suitable in which the at least one, in particular integral, projection is provided in the region of the first and / or second side wall for connecting these wall or roof cladding elements, the in the facing side edges of the mutually adjacent insulating layers or cover layers present recess 0 of the recess receives the projection.

Very useful wall or roof cladding systems according to the invention are also accessible in that adjacent wall or roof cladding elements according to the invention can be connected or connected, preferably additionally connected by gluing and / or by means of the interlocking of mutually corresponding offset steps of the respective abutting cover layers, in particular flush Connecting means are in particular mechanical connecting means, preferably screws, nails, dowels and / or clips. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the connecting means such as screws, nails, clips and / or dowels are passed through the mutually engaging offset steps in order to obtain a particularly firm connection.

A projection within the meaning of the invention differs from a step offset or an offset step within the meaning of the invention in general in that the projection extends from a base surface, for example the side edge of the insulating layer, and with sections of the base surface on both sides of the projection are present, while with the step offset on one side of the step there is an omission or recess which goes back to a base surface 'and beyond this step a base surface belonging to the step offset does not exist. A tongue which is set up and designed to engage in a groove represents, for example, a projection within the meaning of the present invention.

Wall or roof cladding elements according to the invention that are adjacent to one another are present in the wall or roof cladding systems according to the invention, preferably connected flush with one another along their edges facing one another. In this way, thermal bridges can be prevented particularly efficiently.

In the case of the wall or roof cladding systems according to the invention, it can also be provided that the wall or roof cladding elements that are adjacent to one another are flush with one another along their facing side edges of the insulating layers and / or along their facing, in particular undercut, edges of the cover layers.

connected to each other.

The object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a wall, in particular a wooden frame construction wall, or a roof, containing at least one wall or roof covering system according to the invention and / or containing at least two wall or roof covering construction units according to the invention.

The wall according to the invention or the roof according to the invention preferably represents a rear-ventilated or rear-ventilated, in particular a rear-ventilated, wall or a rear-ventilated or rear-ventilated, in particular a rear-ventilated, roof.

The wall cladding systems and walls according to the invention can also extend over several floors of a facade. It has proven particularly advantageous here to provide fire bars between vertically adjacent wall cladding elements according to the invention. In order to ensure rear ventilation over the entire facade, in a preferred embodiment these fire bars, for example based on mineral wool, are equipped with ventilation ducts that merge into the ventilation ducts of the ventilation ducts of the adjacent wall cladding elements arranged vertically above and below.

The object on which the invention is based is further achieved by a skirting board according to the invention and a cover molding according to the invention, as specified in the present description and the claims.

The modular wall cladding units according to the invention are particularly suitable as external facade construction elements or for the cladding of external facades. They can also be used for the insulation of wooden frame construction elements or for the insulation of solid wood walls or for the insulation of plastered or unplastered solid construction walls, in particular concrete, natural stone, sand-lime brick or clinker walls. Finally, with the wall cladding elements according to the invention, rear-ventilated or rear-ventilatable wall units or walls, in particular of rear-ventilated or rear-ventilated external facades, can be obtained. In a corresponding manner, the roof cladding elements according to the invention can be used for the attachment or production of insulated roofs.

The present invention is accompanied by the surprising finding that by using a skirting board and / or cover board, in particular a skirting board, fully functional ventilated, insulated external facades are efficiently and reliably accessible, which can easily be installed without errors. The present invention also provides increased protection against moisture or moisture penetration of the wood and insulation elements of ventilated wood facade elements. It is also advantageous that ventilated external facades can be produced in only a few work steps with the aid of the wall cladding elements according to the invention. This can in particular also be used in the production of prefabricated houses or facade elements of prefabricated houses. The same advantages apply to the roof cladding elements according to the invention and the roof cladding systems according to the invention. Finally, the modular wall cladding units according to the invention, which are equipped with a skirting board, in particular a skirting board formed from a cork material, provide particularly efficient and pronounced protection against spray water and / or snow turbulence.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained by way of example with reference to schematic drawings, without, however, restricting the invention. Show:

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a baseboard of the wall cladding assembly according to the invention from above,

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a facade cladding element of the wall cladding structural unit according to the invention from below,

Figure 3 is a schematic view of a wall cladding unit according to the invention from below,

Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of a wall cladding unit according to the invention,

FIGS. 5 a) -d) are schematic perspective views of manufacturing stages of a wall according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows the schematic view of a baseboard 102 of the wall cladding assembly 100 according to the invention from above. When viewed from above, the baseboard has an essentially rectangular base area with a front longitudinal side 104 and a rear longitudinal side 106 facing the wall. Closer to the front longitudinal side 104, there is a large number of passages with a circular cross section, which extend from the top 110 to to the opposite underside 112 (not shown) of the baseboard 102 extend. The baseboard shown in Figure 1 is preferably made of cork. The distances between adjacent passages 108 in the embodiment shown are many times smaller than the diameter of the passages 108. In the embodiment shown, semicircular indentations are present on the opposite transverse sides and the baseboard 102. As soon as they are brought into contact, these can form a further passage with an essentially identically shaped skirting board.

FIG. 2 shows the schematic structure of a facade cladding element 1 of the wall cladding structural unit 100 according to the invention from below. The insulation board 2 is facing away from the facade side. This insulation board 2 can for example be made of a wood fiber material and represent a wood fiber insulation board. A connecting element in the form of a groove 6 is present on the first side edge 4. On the second side edge 8 there is a connecting element 10 in the form of a spring. In the embodiment variant shown, a spring 14 is provided along the lower edge 12. Facing the outer facade, the insulation board 2 has a large number of adjacent support structures in the form of webs 16. In the embodiment shown, the webs 16 are an integral part of the insulation board 2 and, together with the cavities or ventilation ducts 18 in between, form a ventilation plane 20. On the facade side, in the illustrated embodiment of the wall cladding element 1 according to the invention, a cover plate in the form of a plaster base plate 22 is attached. This cover plate 22 is firmly connected to the webs 16 and forms delimited ventilation ducts 18. The cover plate 22 extends from the first side edge 4 to the second side edge 8 of the insulation board 2. In a preferred embodiment, a protective layer 33 is present on the insulation board 2 on the outside of the facade. This can be a diffusion-open barrier layer, for example.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a wall cladding assembly 100 according to the invention from below. The upper side of the baseboard 102 rests against the underside of the insulation board 2 and cover plate 22. The passages 108 overlap with the right-angled ventilation ducts 18. In the preferred embodiment of a wall cladding assembly 100 according to the invention shown in FIG. 3, the cross-sectional area of two passages 108 overlaps with a ventilation duct 18. The width of the ventilation duct 18 essentially corresponds to the diameter of the passages 108. In addition, the passages 108 are spaced from the front longitudinal side 104 of the baseboard 102 in such a way that this distance essentially corresponds to the thickness of the cover plate 22. In the preferred embodiment of a wall cladding assembly 100 according to the invention shown in FIG. 3, the width of the baseboard 102 essentially corresponds to the width of the facade cladding element 1.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a wall cladding unit 100 according to the invention. The baseboard 102 is located below the facade cladding element 1. In order to show that the passages 108 have an overlap with the ventilation ducts 18, the cover plate 22 has been partially removed. The baseboard 102, which is preferably formed from cork, effectively prevents moisture, for example by means of spray water or snow, from reaching the materials of cover plate 22 and insulating layer 2 and from being able to soak them through. In this way, an impairment of these components, both

effectively prevented by mold formation, for example.

Figures 5 a) to d) show schematic perspective views of various stages of production of a wall according to the invention.

FIG. 5 a) shows a perspective view of a first production stage of a wall 150 according to the invention. The wall shown in FIGS. 5 a) to d) is a wooden frame construction wall. Between the vertically aligned bars 152, also called stems, and the lower horizontal transverse timber 154, also called the threshold, there is a thermal insulation material 156 in the compartment formed therefrom. On the back, the wall 150 shown in FIG. 5 a) is closed off by a wooden panel 158. On the front side, an L-shaped support structure 160, also called a console, for the skirting board is attached to the horizontal transverse timber 154. This support structure serves on the one hand to align the lower end of the facade and on the other hand as an assembly aid for the skirting board.

In Figure 5b), the baseboard 102 is attached to the horizontal leg of the L-shaped support structure 160. The passages 108 are spaced closer to the front longitudinal side than to the rear longitudinal side 106.

For example, the skirting board 102 made of cork can be glued to the legs of the support structure 160.

In the production stage shown in FIG. 5c), the facade cladding element 1, containing the insulating layer 2 and the cover plate 22, is present on the upper side of the baseboard 102. In the embodiment shown, the front side of the baseboard 102 and the front side of the facade cladding element 1 form a flat surface.

Figure 5d) shows a preferred embodiment of a wall 150 according to the invention. The underside of the baseboard 102 and the front longitudinal side 104 of the baseboard 102 are bordered by an L-shaped cover 164 with a first air-permeable leg 166 and a second leg 168 for the abutment on the front longitudinal side 104. The leg 164 present on the underside of the baseboard 102 has, in the area of overlap with the passages 108, a large number of openings 170 which are smaller than the passages 108 and which are set up and designed accordingly, the passages 108 Keep away from small animals and insects. It has often proven to be pragmatic to design the length of the first leg 166 in such a way that when the L-shaped cover 164 is attached, this leg 166 can at least partially be pushed under the leg 162 of the support structure 160 when the second leg 168 with the front long side 104 comes to rest. In a further embodiment, not shown, the second leg 168 can be provided with a fabric strip, in particular a reinforcement fabric strip, which extends into the area of the cover plate 22 or overlaps with a fabric strip present on the cover plate 22.

With the wall 150 according to the invention, through the use of the skirting, in particular made of cork, 102 an effective splash protection of the face of the facade cladding element 1, which, as a so-called VHF hybrid panel, regularly contains components made of soft wood fiber boards, against moisture penetration and snow turbulence.

The features of the invention disclosed in the above description, the claims and the drawings can be essential both individually and in any combination for the implementation of the invention in its various embodiments.

Claims (1)

Claims 1. Wall or roof cladding unit (100), containing or consisting of A) at least one wall or roof cladding element (1), in particular facade cladding element, comprising al) at least one insulating layer (2) an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite top edge as well a first margin and an opposite second side edge, b1) a plurality of spaced-apart support structures (16), in particular webs, which are an integral part of the outer surface of the insulating layer (2) are or which are connected on the outside surface to the insulation layer (2) and which extend on the outside surface from or at a distance from the lower edge of the insulation layer (2) in the direction of the upper edge, in particular up to the upper edge, c1) at least one cover layer (22), in particular cover plate, with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge which is connected or can be connected to the plurality of spaced-apart support structures (16), in particular webs, d1) a plurality of ventilation ducts (18), formed by the spaced-apart support structures (16) and the cover layer (22) connected or connectable to these support structures, a ventilation duct (18) in each case in particular by two mutually adjacent webs and those with the Web-connected cover layer (22) is formed or can be formed, the ventilation ducts (18) extending on the outside surface from or at a distance from the lower edge of the insulating layer (2) in the direction of the upper edge, in particular up to the upper edge, and wherein the ventilation ducts (18) have first ventilation openings on or in the area of the lower edge of the insulation layer (2), and second ventilation openings on or in the area of the upper edge, and B) a skirting board with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge, the skirting board with its upper edge at the lower edge of the insulation layer (2) and in particular also on the lower edge of the cover layer (22) can be placed or rests or is adjacent thereto and wherein the baseboard has a plurality of passages, in particular channels, extending from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge, and these passages with at least some, in particular substantially all of the first ventilation openings at least partially overlap, and / or C) a cover strip with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge and a first side edge and an opposite second side edge, the cover strip with its lower edge on the upper edge of the insulation layer (2) and in particular can also be placed on the upper edge of the cover layer (22) or is applied or is adjacent to it and wherein the cover strip a plurality of itself from the lower edge to the Opposite upper edge extending passages, in particular channels, has, and these passages with at least some, in particular substantially all of the second ventilation openings at least partially overlap, or comprising or consisting of AA) at least one wall or roof cladding element (1), in particular facade cladding element, comprising c2) at least one cover layer (22), in particular cover plate, with an outer and an opposite inside surface, a lower edge, and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge, b2) a plurality of spaced-apart support structures (16), in particular webs, which are an integral part of the inside surface of the cover layer (22) or which are connected to the cover layer (22) on the inside and which are located on the inside from or at a distance from the lower edge of the cover layer (22) ) extend in the direction of the upper edge, in particular up to the upper edge, a2) at least one insulation layer (2) with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge which is connected or can be connected to the plurality of spaced-apart support structures (16), in particular webs, and d2) a plurality of ventilation ducts (18), formed by spaced-apart support structures (16) and the insulating layer (2) connected to these support structures, in particular by two mutually adjacent webs and the insulating layer (2) connected or connectable to the webs, wherein the ventilation channels (18) extend on the inside surface from or at a distance from the lower edge of the cover layer (22) in the direction of the upper edge, in particular up to the upper edge, and wherein the ventilation channels (18) via first ventilation openings on or in the area of the lower edge of the cover layer (22) and have second ventilation openings on or in the area of the upper edge, as well as BB) a skirting board with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge, the skirting board with its upper edge on the lower edge of the insulation layer (2) and in particular also on the The lower edge of the cover layer (22) can be placed or rests or is adjacent thereto and wherein the skirting board has a plurality of passages, in particular channels, extending from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge, and these passages with at least some, in particular substantially all of the first ventilation openings at least partially overlap, and / or CC) a cover strip with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge, the cover strip with its lower edge on the upper edge of the insulation layer (2) and in particular also on the upper edge of the cover layer (22) can be placed or is in contact or is adjacent thereto and wherein the cover strip has a plurality of passages, in particular channels, extending from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge, and wherein these passages at least partially overlap with at least some, in particular essentially all, of the second ventilation openings, or comprising or consisting of AAA) comprising at least one wall or roof cladding element (1), in particular facade cladding element a3) at least one insulation layer (2) with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge, d3) a plurality of ventilation channels (18) in the insulation layer, which extend from or at a distance from the lower edge of the insulation layer (2) in the direction of the upper edge, in particular to the upper edge, and wherein the ventilation channels (18) via first ventilation openings on or in the area of the lower edge of the insulating layer (2), and have second ventilation openings on or in the area of the upper edge, as well as BBB) a skirting board with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge and a first side edge and an opposite second side edge, the upper edge of the skirting being able to be placed or resting against the lower edge of the insulation layer (2) or is adjacent thereto and wherein the skirting board has a plurality of passages, in particular channels, extending from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge, and these passages at least partially overlap with at least some, in particular essentially all, of the first ventilation openings, and or CCC) a cover strip with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge, the lower edge of the cover strip being able to be placed or resting against the upper edge of the insulation layer (2) or is adjacent thereto and wherein the cover strip has a plurality of passages, in particular channels, extending from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge, and these passages at least partially overlap with at least some, in particular essentially all, of the second ventilation openings. 2. Wall or roof cladding unit (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall or roof cladding element (1) on the outer side surface of the insulating layer (2) and the skirting and / or the cover strip further comprises at least one, in particular diffusion-open, protective layer , wherein the protective layer comprises in particular at least one sarking membrane or a wall cladding membrane or a protective coating or which consists of this. 3. Wall or roof cladding unit (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insulating layer of the wall or roof cladding element (1) contains or is formed from polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, phenolic resin foam, polyethylene foam, cork, in particular expanded cork, mineral wool, mineral fibers, wood wool, wood fibers, expanded vermiculite, expanded clay, expanded perlite and / or foam glass, preferably natural fibers; and in particular comprises or consists of a composite insulation board or a natural insulation board, in particular a natural fiber insulation board or a foamed natural insulation board, or a mineral wool insulation board; and / or that the support structures contain or are formed from polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, foamed polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, phenolic resin foam, polyethylene foam, cork, in particular expanded cork, mineral wool, mineral fibers, wood wool, wood fibers, expanded vermiculite, expanded clay, expanded perlite and / or foam glass and in particular comprise or consist of a fiber component, in particular a random fleece mat, for example a natural fiber component, a foamed component, a cork component or a mineral wool component. 4. Wall or roof cladding unit (100) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover layer comprises or represents a plaster base plate. 5. wall or roof cladding unit (100) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the skirting board and / or the cover board essentially made of cork, foamed or extruded polymer materials, in particular XPS and / or EPS and / or PUR -Materials, porous silicate and / or aluminate materials, in particular selected from the group consisting of porous calcium silicate, porous calcium silicate hydrate, porous alkali aluminate, porous alkaline earth aluminate, porous alkali aluminate hydrate, porous alkaline earth aluminate hydrate and any mixtures of these materials, in particular formed from cork consists. 6. wall or roof cladding unit (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the natural insulation board, in particular the natural fiber insulation board, the wall or roof cladding element (1) is formed from renewable raw materials selected from the group consisting of wood fibers, hemp fibers , Flax fibers, nettle fibers, seaweed, elephant grass, mescanthum, reeds, coconut fibers, straw and any mixture of the aforementioned renewable raw materials, preferably a wood fiber insulation board, a soft wood fiber board or a hemp fiber insulation board comprises or consists of these. 7. Wall or roof cladding assembly (100) according to one or more of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one air-permeable, in particular insect-proof, cover, in particular perforated profile plate, present on or connected to the upper edge of the cover strip, set up and designed to cover the passages and / or the second ventilation openings of the ventilation ducts, and / or at least one air-permeable, in particular insect-proof, cover, in particular perforated profile plate, in the present case on or connected to the lower edge of the baseboard, set up and designed to cover the passages and / or the first ventilation openings of the ventilation ducts . 8. Wall or roof cladding assembly (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the air-permeable, in particular insect-proof, cover, in particular perforated profile plate, is L-shaped and contains a first air-permeable leg and a second leg designed and set up for the attachment of a fabric strip , in particular reinforcement fabric strips. 10. 11. 12th 13 14th 15th 16. 17th Austrian AT 17112 U1 2021-06-15 A wall or roof cladding assembly (100) according to one or more of the preceding claims, further comprising a, in particular L-shaped, support structure, in particular a console, for the skirting board. Wall or roof cladding structural unit (100) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and / or second ventilation ducts and / or the first and / or second ventilation openings have a substantially square or rectangular cross section. Wall or roof cladding structural unit (100) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the passages of the skirting board and / or the passages of the cover molding have a substantially round, in particular circular, cross section. Wall or roof cladding assembly (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of a passage, in particular the cross-sectional area of a plurality of these passages, is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first or second ventilation channels, in particular the first or second ventilation openings. Wall or roof cladding structural unit (100) according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the sum of the cross-sectional areas of two passages is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first or second ventilation channels, in particular the first or second ventilation openings. Wall or roof cladding structural unit (100) according to one of Claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the passages have a diameter in the range from 15 to 50 mm, preferably in the range from 15 to 25 mm and particularly preferably in the range from 18 to 22 mm and / or that adjacent passages each have a shortest distance from one another in the range from 2 to 10 mm , in particular 4 to 6 mm. Wall or roof cladding structural unit (100) according to one of Claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the longitudinal side of the rectangular cross-sectional area of the first or second ventilation channels, in particular the first or second ventilation openings, has a length in the range from 8 to 20 mm, in particular in the range from 10 to 15 mm. Wall or roof cladding structural unit (100) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the, in particular the plurality of, in particular equipped essentially with a square or rectangular cross section, spaced apart, first ventilation channels and / or the first ventilation openings and / or at least one of, in particular the plurality of, in particular essentially with a square or rectangular cross-section equipped, spaced apart, second ventilation channels and / or the second ventilation openings has or have a cross-sectional area which is equal to or greater than the sum of the, in particular circular, cross-sectional areas of one passage and half the cross-sectional area of an adjacent passage, in particular two adjacent passages, and in particular is less than or equal to the sum of four, in particular three, adjacent passages. Wall or roof cladding assembly (100) according to claim 16, characterized in that the plurality of first ventilation channels and / or the first ventilation openings are arranged along a, in particular essentially straight, line and have a transverse extent 18th 19th 20th Austrian AT 17112 U1 2021-06-15 opening perpendicular to the line and a longitudinal extent along the line and that the plurality of passages are arranged along a, in particular essentially straight, line and that these two lines are essentially in congruence, so that the cross-sectional areas of first ventilation ducts or the first ventilation openings overlap with the cross-sectional areas of the passages, the maximum diameter of the passages in particular having an extension which essentially corresponds to or is smaller than the transverse extension of the first ventilation channels and / or the first ventilation openings; and / or that the plurality of second ventilation channels and / or the second ventilation openings are arranged along a, in particular essentially straight, line and have a transverse dimension perpendicular to the line and a longitudinal dimension along the line and that the plurality of passages along one, in particular are arranged essentially rectilinear, line and that these two lines are essentially in congruence, so that the cross-sectional areas of second ventilation ducts or second ventilation openings overlap with the cross-sectional areas of the passages, the maximum diameter of the passages in particular having an extension that corresponds to the Transverse extent of the first ventilation channels and / or the first ventilation openings substantially corresponds to or is smaller. Wall or roof cladding structural unit (100) according to Claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the, in particular essentially circular, passages have a diameter in the range of approximately 18 to 22 mm, that the distances between adjacent passages are in the range of approximately 3 to 7 mm, that the, in particular, substantially square or preferably rectangular, first ventilation ducts and / or the first ventilation openings in their longitudinal extent together with an adjacent support structure have a total length in the range of approximately 100 mm to 150 mm, in particular of approximately 125 mm, the first ventilation channels and / or the first ventilation openings preferably having a longitudinal extent in the range of approximately 50 mm to 80 mm, in particular from about 65 mm; and or that the, in particular essentially circular, passages have a diameter in the range of approximately 18 to 22 mm, that the distances between adjacent passages are in the range of approximately 3 to 7 mm, that the, in particular, substantially square or preferably rectangular, second ventilation ducts and / or the longitudinal extent of the second ventilation openings together with an adjacent support structure has a total length in the range of approximately 100 mm to 150 mm, in particular of approximately 125 mm, the second ventilation channels and / or the second ventilation openings preferably having a longitudinal extent in the range of about 50 mm to 80 mm, in particular of about 65 mm. Wall or roof cladding system, in particular back-ventilated or rear-ventilated wall or roof cladding system, comprising at least two adjacent wall or roof cladding units, in particular a plurality of wall or roof cladding units that are at least in pairs, according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein preferably adjacent wall - or roof cladding elements are connected to one another along their edges facing one another essentially with an accurate fit, and preferably the wall or wall elements adjacent to one another. Roof cladding elements are connected to one another with a substantially precise fit along their facing side edges of the insulating layers (2) or along their facing, in particular undercut, edges of the cover layers (22) that are substantially precisely matched to one another. Wall or roof cladding system according to claim 19, characterized in that the wall or roof cladding elements by means of fasteners, in particular clips, screws, nails or dowels, or by gluing to a wall, in particular solid construction wall, for example concrete, aerated concrete, brick, natural stone, sand-lime brick or clinker wall, solid wood construction wall, for example solid wood panel or OSB -Plate, 21. 22nd 23 24. 25th 26th Austrian AT 17112 U1 2021-06-15 or wooden frame construction wall, preferably comprising the solid wood panel or the OSB panel, or are connected to the compartment insulation of a wooden frame structure or to the stud work of a wooden frame structure or to a support structure of the roof. Wall or roof, in particular wooden frame construction wall, containing at least one wall or wall. Roof cladding system according to claim 19 or 20 or containing at least two wall or roof cladding structural units according to one of claims 1 to 18. Wall or roof according to claim 21, characterized in that the inside surface of the wall or roof cladding elements at least partially on the plastered or unplastered wall, in particular solid construction wall, for example concrete, natural stone, sand-lime brick or clinker wall, solid wood construction wall, in particular comprising at least one solid wood panel or at least one OSB panel, or wood frame construction wall, in particular including at least one solid wood panel or on at least one OSB panel, or on the compartment insulation of a wooden frame construction or on the stud work of a wooden frame construction or on the roof or connected to it, the wall or roof cladding elements preferably by means of mechanical connecting means, in particular clamps, screws , Nails or dowels, or by gluing to the wall, the partition insulation of a timber frame structure or to the stud work of a timber frame structure or to the roof. Skirting with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge, wherein the skirting board is designed and set up so that its upper edge can be placed against a lower edge of an insulating layer and / or a lower edge of a cover layer or can be attached next to it, the skirting board having a plurality per se from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge Edge extending passages, in particular channels, or Cover strip with an outer and an opposite inner side surface, a lower edge and an opposite upper edge as well as a first side edge and an opposite second side edge, wherein the cover strip is designed and set up so that its lower edge can be placed against an upper edge of an insulating layer and / or on an upper edge of a cover layer or can be attached next to it, wherein the cover strip has a multiplicity of passages, in particular channels, extending from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge. Skirting strip or cover strip according to claim 23, further comprising at least one, in particular diffusion-open, protective layer. Skirting board or the cover board according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that these essentially made of cork, foamed or extruded polymer materials, in particular XPS and / or EPS and / or PUR materials, porous silicate and / or aluminate materials, in particular selected from the group consisting of porous calcium silicate, porous calcium silicate hydrate, porous alkali aluminate, porous alkaline earth aluminate, porous alkali aluminate hydrate, porous alkaline earth aluminate hydrate and any mixtures of these materials, in particular essentially of cork, is formed or consists. Skirting or cover molding according to one of Claims 23 to 25, further comprising at least one air-permeable, in particular insect-proof, cover, in particular perforated profile plate, in the present case on or connected to the lower edge of the skirting, set up and designed to cover the passages in the baseboard, or. at least one air-permeable, in particular insect-proof, cover, in particular perforated profile plate, in the present case on or connected to the upper edge of the cover strip and designed and designed to cover the passages of the cover strip. 27. Skirting strip or cover strip according to one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that the passages of the skirting board or the passages of the cover molding have a substantially round, in particular circular, cross section. 28. Skirting strip or cover strip according to one of claims 23 to 27, characterized in that the passages have a diameter in the range from 15 to 50 mm, preferably in the range from 15 to 25 mm and particularly preferably in the range from 18 to 22 mm and / or that adjacent passages each have a shortest distance from one another in the range of 2 to 10 mm, in particular 4 to 6 mm. 29. Skirting or cover molding according to one of claims 23 to 28, characterized in that the plurality of passages are arranged along a, in particular essentially straight, line and that this line is preferably arranged essentially parallel to the edge of the outer side surface. 30. Skirting strip or cover strip according to one of claims 23 to 29, characterized in that the passages run essentially parallel to the outer side surface from the lower edge to the opposite upper edge. 31. Skirting or cover strip according to one of claims 23 to 30, characterized in that the, in particular essentially circular, passages have a diameter in the range of about 18 to 22 mm and that the distances between adjacent passages in the range of about 3 to 7 mm lie. In addition 4 sheets of drawings