EP0204015B1 - Kit for the fabric of a thermally insulated curtain-façade - Google Patents

Kit for the fabric of a thermally insulated curtain-façade Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0204015B1
EP0204015B1 EP85106867A EP85106867A EP0204015B1 EP 0204015 B1 EP0204015 B1 EP 0204015B1 EP 85106867 A EP85106867 A EP 85106867A EP 85106867 A EP85106867 A EP 85106867A EP 0204015 B1 EP0204015 B1 EP 0204015B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
spacers
thermal insulation
diagonal
panel
module according
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EP85106867A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0204015A1 (en
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Werner Körner
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Btb Bautechnische Beratung Brigitte Korner
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Btb Bautechnische Beratung Brigitte Korner
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Priority to AT85106867T priority Critical patent/ATE62301T1/en
Priority to DE8585106867T priority patent/DE3582430D1/en
Priority to EP85106867A priority patent/EP0204015B1/en
Publication of EP0204015A1 publication Critical patent/EP0204015A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0869—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having conduits for fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/007—Outer coverings for walls with ventilating means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a kit for producing a thermally insulated curtain wall.
  • Such curtain walls are intended in particular for existing structures, but also for new buildings. Since the rise in energy prices and the knowledge of dwindling energy sources for the generation of heating energy, they are getting more and more interested and who used in particular for the renovation of old buildings.
  • Thermally insulated curtain walls are known and often consist of a layer of thermal insulation panels made of a foam plastic or the like, which are attached to the building wall, a substructure made of wooden battens or metal profiles and a facade material that is prevented from slipping at the lower end with the aid of a bracket attached to the building base .
  • the dew point is shifted to the outer area of the insulation board by external insulation, so that the moisture condenses there, which in turn worsens the heat insulation effect, since damp foam plastic has no or only a small heat insulation effect.
  • damp masonry lying under the thermal insulation boards cannot dry out, and the condensation of the moisture inside the thermal insulation board undesirably increases its weight.
  • ventilated curtain walls in which continuous ventilation spaces are arranged between the facade material and the thermal insulation board from bottom to top in order to remove moisture from the curtain wall by the air rising therein.
  • DE-A-16 83 063 describes prefabricated cladding panels for building facades made of rigid foam with such ventilation channels arranged parallel to one another.
  • these have the disadvantage that in areas where air inlet or outlet openings are closed by falling mortar, window sills or other wall projections or the like, there is an air jam but no air flow within these air channels.
  • DE-A-16 83 063, Figure 4 two plates with crossed ventilation channels are placed one above the other, since in this case the air flow is a meandering way for cross ventilation would have to take, so that in this case, too, an air jam occurs in the hard foam plate when individual air outlet openings are closed. It is also uneconomical to use double the thickness of the board.
  • German utility model 78 22 998 shows a thermally insulated curtain wall, which has heat insulation made of glass fibers or rock wool and adjoining spacers which support the heat insulation mat against the facade material. These spacers do not define any specific airways and are not distributed over the entire thermal insulation mat. Such a construction therefore results in an air build-up in areas with closed air inlet or outlet openings and insufficient rear ventilation.
  • DE-A-31 18 277 describes a thermally insulated curtain wall made of thermal insulation elements and facade panels, the thermal insulation elements having molded-on spacers in the form of knobs. With this construction there is no ventilation at all, only enclosed air cushions, since the air space is interrupted at intervals from bottom to top.
  • DE-U-8 012 349 shows insulating panels for the facade industry with columnar spacers arranged in diagonal parallel rows, but these do not result in both diagonal and vertical unobstructed air ducts.
  • DE-U-7 538 493 shows insulating plates with spacers which are randomly applied over only certain areas of the surface and do not consist of one piece with the plate.
  • DE-A-33 29 789 shows thermally insulated curtain walls using foam plastic thermal insulation panels which have column-shaped spacers which are distributed on one side of the panel and are spaced apart from one another and are essentially of the same height and consist of one piece with the thermal insulation panel.
  • the technology of these thermal insulation boards has the advantage that they form a coherent network of air ducts in one level, so that even when individual air inlet or outlet openings are closed, an air flow that deviates laterally from the bottom to the top is created, providing a much more favorable rear ventilation the curtain wall results.
  • the object on which the invention was based was to obtain a kit for producing a thermally insulated curtain wall with even better rear ventilation, so that condensation of moisture in the heat insulation board is practically completely avoided and under the heat insulation board can quickly and easily dry out damp damp building walls.
  • the kit according to the invention for producing a thermally insulated curtain wall consisting of thermal insulation panels with column-like spacers and covering surfaces, which are spaced apart from one another and are spaced apart from one another and arranged on diagonally parallel rows, are of essentially the same height and consist of one piece with the thermal insulation panel.
  • the spacers (2) are arranged on the heat insulation panels (1) in such a way and such distances and dimensions that between them both diagonally between two opposite plate edges and arranged perpendicular to these two opposing panel edges unobstructed, continuous rectilinear channels (3, 4) are present, the distance between two adjacent spacers lying on a line parallel to the two respectively parallel plate edges being greater than the largest diameter of the spacers (2) is in the same direction, so that unblocked vertical air channels (4) are also created.
  • the thermal insulation boards follow the present invention due to the unlocked diagonal channels and vertical channels an air suction in the diagonal and vertical directions.
  • the air flows through the thermal insulation board will look for the shortest and simplest, ie the vertical path from bottom to top. If, however, air inlet or outlet openings are closed, the air flows through the likewise unblocked continuous vertical channels to the next possible air outlet opening. Since these diagonal channels are also unobstructed, an unimpeded air flow is formed in these diagonal channels as in the vertical channels. Taken together, the vertical and diagonal ventilation channels result in an optimal rear ventilation system that solves the task at hand.
  • the vertical and diagonal ventilation channels are preferably in a common plane parallel to the surface of the thermal insulation board. If one wants to keep the vertical and diagonal ventilation channels essentially equal in terms of the ventilation effect, it is expedient to make the diagonal air channels wider than the vertical air channels. The longer path of the diagonal air ducts compared to the vertical air ducts is then compensated for by the wider, unobstructed space, so that the air flows pass through the diagonal as well as through the vertical ducts approximately equally.
  • the thermal insulation panels usually consist of a foam plastic that is customary for this purpose, such as, in particular, polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam. But they can also consist of other conventional heat insulating materials with a fixed shape, such as foam concrete or the like.
  • the spacers can be molded directly during the production of these plates, ie when foaming, so that no additional work step is required during production. The spacers can also be cut away or milling away the diagonal channels.
  • the spacers can also be cylindrical or columnar with any polygonal base area, the side walls not necessarily having to be perpendicular to the surface of the thermal insulation board. That is, the spacers can also be frustoconical or pyramid-shaped. However, the latter is not preferred, since this would reduce the contact area for the covering fabric.
  • the diagonal channels have a width of about 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 5 cm and the vertical channels have a width of 0.5 to 5, preferably 1 to 2 cm.
  • the spacers advantageously take up 5 to 40, preferably 10 to 30, in particular 15 to 25% of the surface of the thermal insulation boards. If they took up a smaller proportion of the surface of the thermal insulation panels, the strength of the system would be impaired, while a larger percentage would make the air ducts too small for adequate rear ventilation. It would also be difficult to get vertical channels in addition to the diagonal channels.
  • cover fabrics which are placed on the free ends of the spacers and thus close the open side of the air channels, can be of any nature.
  • it can be lightweight panels, a further layer of foam plastic panels without spacers, facade panels themselves or plasterable armaments act about tissue such as fiberglass or the like.
  • cover sheets therefore do not need to be rigid plates, but can also be nonwoven fabrics, wire mesh or other flexible sheets.
  • These cover sheets can be fixed on the free ends of the spacers, but it is normally preferred to simply lay them on.
  • the covering fabric is not the facade material itself, such as a facade panel, the actual facade material is applied over the covering fabric.
  • This facade material can be, for example, plaster, clinker, any building material slab made of natural stone, artificial stone, concrete, plastic or metal.
  • the covering surface structure can itself be the plasterable reinforcement fabric or it can be a lightweight board on which the plasterable reinforcement fabric is applied.
  • a layer of soundproofing panels such as mineral fiber panels or mineral wool panels, can optionally be arranged between the building wall and the thermal insulation panel with the spacers. In addition to thermal insulation, this also gives the facade sound insulation properties, which is desirable in many cases.
  • the parts of the kit according to the invention can be fastened to the wall of the building in a manner known per se, for example using plate anchors. Another possibility is to fasten them with the aid of tensioning straps which extend over the entire wall of the house and are connected at intervals through the plates to the wall of the house, for example with dowels. Such straps give the various panel elements sufficient hold on the facade to apply the desired facade materials to the outside. If a plaster facade is desired, a reinforcement mesh can be attached to the facade at the same time with the straps the one that provides support for the plaster.
  • the curtain facade Since air must enter the diagonal and vertical air ducts at the lower end of the facade, the curtain facade is placed in the usual way on a ventilation grille which has air inlet openings to the air ducts.
  • An air outlet is also to be provided in the usual way at the top of the facade. If the upper mouths of the air ducts are to be covered against the ingress of rainwater, it is advisable to use an angle profile for this purpose, on the front of which there is again a ventilation grille.
  • the thermal insulation board 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 has one piece with it, in parallel Spacers 2 arranged diagonally in rows, which generally have a square cross-section and have a triangular cross-section only at the edges of the panels, so that square cross-sections again result when two thermal insulation panels are placed side by side.
  • the spacers 2 on the one hand result in unblocked diagonal air channels 3 and unblocked vertical air channels 4.
  • the diagonal air channels 3 have a larger unblocked width a than the vertical air channels 4 with their unblocked width b.
  • the air rising in the curtain wall has the same tendency to flow diagonally and vertically.
  • kit according to the invention is shown installed to a curtain wall.
  • a thermal insulation board 1 with spacers 2 and above a lightweight panel or other facade panel 6 is fixed with the help of the plate anchor 7.
  • This lightweight board can also be replaced by a reinforcement fabric to which the facade plaster can be applied.

Abstract

A construction kit for producing a heat-insulated curtain facade with improved rear ventilation, which consists of sheet-insulating board with mutually spaced column-shaped spacers and sheet-like covering structures which are distributed over an entire board side, are essentially of the same height and are in one piece with the heat-insulating board, is characterised in that the spacers (2) are so arranged on the heat-insulating boards (1) and have such spacings and dimensions that between them there are unobstructed continuous air ducts (3, 4) arranged both diagonally between two mutually opposite board edges and perpendicularly to these two mutually opposite board edges. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Bausatz zur Herstellung einer wärmegedämmten Vorhangfassade. Derartige Vorhangfassaden sind insbesondere für bereits bestehende Bauwerke, aber auch für Neubauten bestimmt. Seit dem Anstieg der Energiepreise und der Erkenntnis schwindender Energiequellen für die Gewinnung von Heizenergie bekommen sie immer mehr Interesse und wer den insbesondere für die Altbausanierung benutzt.The invention relates to a kit for producing a thermally insulated curtain wall. Such curtain walls are intended in particular for existing structures, but also for new buildings. Since the rise in energy prices and the knowledge of dwindling energy sources for the generation of heating energy, they are getting more and more interested and who used in particular for the renovation of old buildings.

Wärmegedämmte Vorhangfassaden sind bekannt und bestehen vielfach aus einer Lage von Wärmedämmplatten aus einem Schaumkunststoff oder dergleichen, die auf der Gebäudewand befestigt werden, einer Unterkonstruktion aus Holzlattung oder Metallprofilen und einem Fassadenmaterial, das am unteren Ende mit Hilfe einer am Gebäudesockel befestigten Halterung am Abrutschen gehindert wird.Thermally insulated curtain walls are known and often consist of a layer of thermal insulation panels made of a foam plastic or the like, which are attached to the building wall, a substructure made of wooden battens or metal profiles and a facade material that is prevented from slipping at the lower end with the aid of a bracket attached to the building base .

Bei diesen wird durch eine Außendämmung der Taupunkt in den äußeren Bereich der Dämmstoffplatte verlagert, so daß dort die Feuchtigkeit kondensiert, was seinerseits die Wärmedämmwirkung verschlechtert, da feuchter Schaumkunststoff keine oder nur geringe Wärmedämmwirkung besitzt. Außerdem kann unter den Wärmedämmplatten liegendes feuchtes Mauerwerk nicht austrocknen, und durch das Kondensieren der Feuchtigkeit innerhalb der Wärmedämmplatte wird deren Gewicht in unerwünschter Weise erhöht.In these, the dew point is shifted to the outer area of the insulation board by external insulation, so that the moisture condenses there, which in turn worsens the heat insulation effect, since damp foam plastic has no or only a small heat insulation effect. In addition, damp masonry lying under the thermal insulation boards cannot dry out, and the condensation of the moisture inside the thermal insulation board undesirably increases its weight.

Es ist auch bereits bekannt, hinterlüftete Vorhangfassaden zu konstruieren, bei denen zwischen dem Fassadenmaterial und der Wärmedämmplatte von unten nach oben durchgehende Hinterlüftungsräume angeordnet sind, um durch die darin aufsteigende Luft Feuchtigkeit aus der Vorhangfassade zu entfernen.It is also already known to construct ventilated curtain walls, in which continuous ventilation spaces are arranged between the facade material and the thermal insulation board from bottom to top in order to remove moisture from the curtain wall by the air rising therein.

Die DE-A-16 83 063 beschreibt vorgefertigte Verkleidungsplatten für Gebäudefassaden aus Hartschaumstoff mit derartigen parallel zueinander angeordneten Belüftungskanälen. Diese haben jedoch den Nachteil, daß in Bereichen, wo Lufteintritts- oder Luftaustrittsöffnungen durch herabfallenden Mörtel, Fensterbänke oder andere Mauervorsprünge oder dergleichen verschlossen sind, sich innerhalb dieser Luftkanäle ein Luftstau aber keine Luftströmung befindet. Dies trifft im wesentlichen auch dann zu, wenn gemäß der DE-A-16 83 063, Figur 4, zwei Platten mit gekreuzten Belüftungskanälen übereinander gelegt werden, da in diesem Fall für eine Querdurchlüftung der Luftstrom einen mäanderartigen Weg nehmen müßte, so daß auch in diesem Fall beim Verschluß einzelner Luftaustrittsöffnungen ein Luftstau in der Hartschaumplatte auftritt. Außerdem ist es unwirtschaftlich, die doppelte Plattendicke zu verwenden.DE-A-16 83 063 describes prefabricated cladding panels for building facades made of rigid foam with such ventilation channels arranged parallel to one another. However, these have the disadvantage that in areas where air inlet or outlet openings are closed by falling mortar, window sills or other wall projections or the like, there is an air jam but no air flow within these air channels. This essentially also applies if, according to DE-A-16 83 063, Figure 4, two plates with crossed ventilation channels are placed one above the other, since in this case the air flow is a meandering way for cross ventilation would have to take, so that in this case, too, an air jam occurs in the hard foam plate when individual air outlet openings are closed. It is also uneconomical to use double the thickness of the board.

In der deutschen Gebrauchsmusterschrift 78 22 998 ist eine wärmegedämmte Vorhangfassade gezeigt, die Wärmedämmtten aus Glasfasern oder Steinwolle und daran anliegende, die Wärmedämmatte gegen das Fassadenmaterial abstützende Abstandshalter aufweist. Diese Abstandshalter definieren keine bestimmten Luftwege und sind nicht über die gesamte Wärmedämmatte verteilt. Auch eine solche Konstruktion ergibt daher in Bereichen mit verschlossenen Lufteintritts- oder Luftaustrittsöffnungen einen Luftstau und keine ausreichende Hinterlüftung.German utility model 78 22 998 shows a thermally insulated curtain wall, which has heat insulation made of glass fibers or rock wool and adjoining spacers which support the heat insulation mat against the facade material. These spacers do not define any specific airways and are not distributed over the entire thermal insulation mat. Such a construction therefore results in an air build-up in areas with closed air inlet or outlet openings and insufficient rear ventilation.

Weiterhin beschreibt die DE-A-31 18 277 eine wärmegedämmte Vorhangfassade aus Wärmedämmelementen und Fassadenplatten, wobei die Wärmedämmelemente angeformte Abstandshalter in Form von Noppen haben. Bei dieser Konstruktion gibt es aber überhaupt keine Durchlüftung, sondern nur eingeschlossene Luftpolster, da in Abständen von unten nach oben der Luftraum unterbrochen ist.Furthermore, DE-A-31 18 277 describes a thermally insulated curtain wall made of thermal insulation elements and facade panels, the thermal insulation elements having molded-on spacers in the form of knobs. With this construction there is no ventilation at all, only enclosed air cushions, since the air space is interrupted at intervals from bottom to top.

Die DE-U-8 012 349 zeigt Isolierplatten für die Fassadenindustrie mit in diagonalen parallelen Reihen angeordneten säulenförmigen Abstandshaltern, doch ergeben diese nicht sowohl diagonale als auch senkrechte unversperrte Luftkanäle. Die DE-U-7 538 493 zeigt Isolierplatten mit Abstandshaltern, die wahllos über nur bestimmte Bereiche der Oberfläche verteilt angebracht sind und nicht aus einem Stück mit der Platte bestehen.DE-U-8 012 349 shows insulating panels for the facade industry with columnar spacers arranged in diagonal parallel rows, but these do not result in both diagonal and vertical unobstructed air ducts. DE-U-7 538 493 shows insulating plates with spacers which are randomly applied over only certain areas of the surface and do not consist of one piece with the plate.

Schließlich zeigt die DE-A-33 29 789 wärmegedämmte Vorhangfassaden unter Verwendung von Schaumkunststoff-Wärmedämmplatten, die auf einer Plattenseite verteilte, voneinander beabstandete, im wesentlichen gleich hohe aus einem Stück mit der Wärmedämmplatte bestehende säulenförmige Abstandshalter aufweisen. Gegenüber dem oben zunächst diskutierten Stand der Technik haben diese Wärmedämmplatten den Vorteil, daß sie in einer Ebene ein zusammenhängendes vernetztes System von Luftkanälen ergeben, so daß auch dann, wenn einzelne Lufteintritts- oder Luftaustrittsöffnungen verschlossen sind, ein von unten nach oben seitlich ausweichender Luftstrom entsteht, der eine wesentlich günstigere Hinterlüftung der Vorhangfassade ergibt.Finally, DE-A-33 29 789 shows thermally insulated curtain walls using foam plastic thermal insulation panels which have column-shaped spacers which are distributed on one side of the panel and are spaced apart from one another and are essentially of the same height and consist of one piece with the thermal insulation panel. Compared to the status initially discussed above The technology of these thermal insulation boards has the advantage that they form a coherent network of air ducts in one level, so that even when individual air inlet or outlet openings are closed, an air flow that deviates laterally from the bottom to the top is created, providing a much more favorable rear ventilation the curtain wall results.

Ausgehend von der DE-A-33 29 789 bestand nun die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe darin, einen Bausatz zur Herstellung einer wärmegedämmten Vorhangfassade mit noch besserer Hinterlüftung zu bekommen, so daß ein Kondensieren von Feuchtigkeit in der Wärmedämmplatte praktisch völlig vermieden wird und unter der Wärmedämmplatte liegende feuchte Gebäudewände schnell und gut austrocknen können.Starting from DE-A-33 29 789, the object on which the invention was based was to obtain a kit for producing a thermally insulated curtain wall with even better rear ventilation, so that condensation of moisture in the heat insulation board is practically completely avoided and under the heat insulation board can quickly and easily dry out damp damp building walls.

Der erfindungsgemäße Bausatz zur Herstellung einer wärmegedämmten Vorhangfassade, bestehend aus Wärmedämmplatten mit auf einer ganzen Plattenseite verteilten, voneinander beabstandeten, auf diagonal, parallel zueinander verlaufenden Reihen angeordneten, im wesentlichen gleich hohen, aus einem Stück mit der Wärmedämmplatte bestehenden säulenförmigen Abstandshaltern und Abdeck-Flächen, ist dadurch gekennzeich net, daß die Abstandshalter (2) auf den Wärmedämmplatten (1) derart angeordnet sind und solche Abstände und Abmessungen haben, daß zwischen ihnen sowohl diagonal zwischen zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Plattenkanten als auch senkrecht zu diesen zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Plattenkanten angeordnete unversperrte, durchgehende geradlinige Kanäle (3,4) vorliegen, wobei der Abstand zwischen zwei benachbarten, auf einer Linie parallel zu den beiden jeweils parallelen Plattenkanten liegenden Abstandshaltern größer als der größte Durchmesser der Abstandshalter (2) in der gleichen Richtung ist, so daß auch unversperrte vertikale Luftkanäle (4) entstehen.
Im Gegensatz zu den Wärmedämmplatten gemäß der DE-A-33 29 789, wo sich der Luftstrom durch die Abstandshalter hindurch schlängeln muß, ergeben die Wärmedämmplatten nach der vorliegenden Erfindung infolge der unversperrten Diagonalkanäle und Vertikalkanäle einen Luftsog in diagonaler und vertikaler Richtung. Soweit die vertikalen Luftkanäle an den Eintritts- und Austrittsöffnungen unverschlossen sind, werden sich die Luftströme durch die Wärmedämmplatte hindurch den kürzesten und einfachsten, d.h. den vertikalen Weg von unten nach oben suchen. Wenn aber Lufteintritts- oder Luftaustrittsöffnungen verschlossen sind, strömt die Luft durch die ebenfalls unversperrten durchgehenden Vertikalkanäle zu der nächstmöglichen Luftaustrittsöffnung. Da auch diese Diagonalkanäle unversperrt sind, bildet sich in diesen Diagonalkanälen eine ebenso unbehinderte Luftströmung aus wie in den Vertikalkanälen. Zusammengenommen ergeben die vertikalen und diagonalen Durchlüftungskanäle daher ein optimales Hinterlüftungssystem, das die gestellte Aufgabe löst.The kit according to the invention for producing a thermally insulated curtain wall, consisting of thermal insulation panels with column-like spacers and covering surfaces, which are spaced apart from one another and are spaced apart from one another and arranged on diagonally parallel rows, are of essentially the same height and consist of one piece with the thermal insulation panel. is characterized net gekennzeich that the spacers (2) are arranged on the heat insulation panels (1) in such a way and such distances and dimensions that between them both diagonally between two opposite plate edges and arranged perpendicular to these two opposing panel edges unobstructed, continuous rectilinear channels (3, 4) are present, the distance between two adjacent spacers lying on a line parallel to the two respectively parallel plate edges being greater than the largest diameter of the spacers (2) is in the same direction, so that unblocked vertical air channels (4) are also created.
In contrast to the thermal insulation boards according to DE-A-33 29 789, where the air flow has to wind through the spacers, the thermal insulation boards follow the present invention due to the unlocked diagonal channels and vertical channels an air suction in the diagonal and vertical directions. As far as the vertical air ducts at the inlet and outlet openings are not closed, the air flows through the thermal insulation board will look for the shortest and simplest, ie the vertical path from bottom to top. If, however, air inlet or outlet openings are closed, the air flows through the likewise unblocked continuous vertical channels to the next possible air outlet opening. Since these diagonal channels are also unobstructed, an unimpeded air flow is formed in these diagonal channels as in the vertical channels. Taken together, the vertical and diagonal ventilation channels result in an optimal rear ventilation system that solves the task at hand.

Die vertikalen und diagonalen Durchlüftungskanäle liegen bevorzugt in einer gemeinsamen Ebene parallel zur Wärmedämmplatten-Oberfläche. Wenn man die vertikalen und diagonalen Durchlüftungskanäle im wesentlichen gleichberechtigt hinsichtlich der Durchlüftungswirkung halten will, ist es zweckmäßig, die diagonalen Luftkanäle breiter als die vertikalen Luftkanäle zu machen. Der längere Weg der diagonalen Luftkanäle gegenüber den vertikalen Luftkanälen wird dann durch den breiteren unversperrten Raum kompensiert, so daß die Luftströme etwa gleichermaßen durch die diagonalen wie durch die vertikalen Kanäle gehen.The vertical and diagonal ventilation channels are preferably in a common plane parallel to the surface of the thermal insulation board. If one wants to keep the vertical and diagonal ventilation channels essentially equal in terms of the ventilation effect, it is expedient to make the diagonal air channels wider than the vertical air channels. The longer path of the diagonal air ducts compared to the vertical air ducts is then compensated for by the wider, unobstructed space, so that the air flows pass through the diagonal as well as through the vertical ducts approximately equally.

Die Wärmedämmplatten bestehen gewöhnlich aus einem hierfür üblichen Schaumkunststoff, wie insbesondere Polystyrolschaum oder Polyurethanschaum. Sie können aber auch aus anderen üblichen Wärmedämmaterialien mit fester Formgebung bestehen, wie aus Schaumbeton oder dergleichen. Die Abstandshalter können bei der Herstellung dieser Platten, d.h. beim Ausschäumen, direkt angeformt werden, so daß kein zusätzlicher Arbeitsgang bei der Herstellung erforderlich ist. Die Abstandshalter können aber auch durch Wegschneiden oder Wegfräsen der Diagonalkanäle gebildet werden.The thermal insulation panels usually consist of a foam plastic that is customary for this purpose, such as, in particular, polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam. But they can also consist of other conventional heat insulating materials with a fixed shape, such as foam concrete or the like. The spacers can be molded directly during the production of these plates, ie when foaming, so that no additional work step is required during production. The spacers can also be cut away or milling away the diagonal channels.

Letztere Methode ist besonders gut anwendbar, wenn die Abstandshalter quadratischen Querschnitt besitzen, da dann nur parallel verlaufende Oberflächenkanäle mit zwei senkrecht zueinander liegenden Diagonalrichtungen ausgefräst werden müssen.The latter method can be used particularly well if the spacers have a square cross section, since then only parallel surface channels with two diagonal directions perpendicular to one another need to be milled out.

Im Prinzip können die Abstandshalter aber auch zylinderförmig oder säulenförmig mit beliebiger mehreckiger Grundfläche sein, wobei die Seitenwände nicht zwingend senkrecht zu der Oberfläche der Wärmedämmplatte verlaufen müssen. Das heißt, die Abstandshalter können auch kegelstumpfförmig oder pyramidenförmig ausgebildet sein. Letzteres aber ist nicht bevorzugt, da dadurch die Auflagefläche für die Abdeck-Flächengebilde verkleinert würde.In principle, however, the spacers can also be cylindrical or columnar with any polygonal base area, the side walls not necessarily having to be perpendicular to the surface of the thermal insulation board. That is, the spacers can also be frustoconical or pyramid-shaped. However, the latter is not preferred, since this would reduce the contact area for the covering fabric.

Zweckmäßig ist es, daß die Diagonalkanäle eine Breite von etwa 2 bis 10, vorzugsweise 3 bis 5 cm und die Vertikalkanäle eine Breite von 0,5 bis 5, vorzugsweise von 1 bis 2 cm besitzen.It is expedient that the diagonal channels have a width of about 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 5 cm and the vertical channels have a width of 0.5 to 5, preferably 1 to 2 cm.

Damit eine ausreichende Hinterlüftung erzielt wird, nehmen die Abstandshalter günstigerweise 5 bis 40, vorzugsweise 10 bis 30, besonders 15 bis 25% der Oberfläche der Wärmedämmplatten ein. Würden sie einen geringeren Anteil der Oberfläche der Wärmedämmplatten einnehmen, würde die Festigkeit des Systems beeinträchtigt, während bei einem größeren Prozentsatz die Luftkanäle für eine ausreichende Hinterlüftung zu klein würden. Außerdem wäre es dann auch schwierig, zusätzlich zu den Diagonalkanälen Vertikalkanäle zu bekommen.In order to achieve adequate rear ventilation, the spacers advantageously take up 5 to 40, preferably 10 to 30, in particular 15 to 25% of the surface of the thermal insulation boards. If they took up a smaller proportion of the surface of the thermal insulation panels, the strength of the system would be impaired, while a larger percentage would make the air ducts too small for adequate rear ventilation. It would also be difficult to get vertical channels in addition to the diagonal channels.

Die Abdeck-Flächengebilde, die auf die freien Enden der Abstandshalter aufgelegt werden und damit die offene Seite der Luftkanäle verschließen, können beliebiger Natur sein. Beispielsweise kann es sich dabei um Leichtbauplatten, um eine weitere Lage von Schaumkunststoffplatten ohne Abstandshalter, um Fassadenplatten selbst oder um verputzbare Armie rungsgewebe handeln, wie Glasfasergewebe oder dergleichen. Diese Abdeck-Flächengebilde brauchen daher keine starren Platten zu sein, sondern können auch Faservliese, Drahtgeflechte oder andere flexible Flächengebilde sein. Diese Abdeck-Flächengebilde können auf den freien Enden der Abstandshalter fixiert werden, normalerweise ist es aber bevorzugt, sie lediglich aufzulegen.The cover fabrics, which are placed on the free ends of the spacers and thus close the open side of the air channels, can be of any nature. For example, it can be lightweight panels, a further layer of foam plastic panels without spacers, facade panels themselves or plasterable armaments act about tissue such as fiberglass or the like. These cover sheets therefore do not need to be rigid plates, but can also be nonwoven fabrics, wire mesh or other flexible sheets. These cover sheets can be fixed on the free ends of the spacers, but it is normally preferred to simply lay them on.

Wenn das Abdeck-Flächengebilde nicht das Fassadenmaterial, wie eine Fassadenplatte, selbst ist, wird das eigentliche Fassadenmaterial über dem Abdeck-Flächengebilde aufgebracht. Dieses Fassadenmaterial kann beispielsweise Putz, Klinker, irgendeine Baustoffplatte aus Naturstein, Kunststein, Beton, Kunststoff oder Metall sein. Im Falle einer Putzfassade kann, wie erwähnt, das Abdeckflächengebilde das verputzbare Armierungsgewebe selbst sein oder es kann eine Leichtbauplatte sein, auf der das beputzbare Armierungsgewebe aufgebracht wird.If the covering fabric is not the facade material itself, such as a facade panel, the actual facade material is applied over the covering fabric. This facade material can be, for example, plaster, clinker, any building material slab made of natural stone, artificial stone, concrete, plastic or metal. In the case of a plaster facade, as mentioned, the covering surface structure can itself be the plasterable reinforcement fabric or it can be a lightweight board on which the plasterable reinforcement fabric is applied.

Zwischen der Bauwerkswand und der Wärmedämmplatte mit den Abstandshaltern kann gegebenenfalls noch eine Lage von Schalldämmplatten, etwa Mineralfaserplatten oder Mineralwollplatten, angeordnet werden. Dies gibt der Fassade zusätzlich zu der Wärmedämmung auch noch Schalldämmungseigenschaften, was in vielen Fällen erwünscht ist.A layer of soundproofing panels, such as mineral fiber panels or mineral wool panels, can optionally be arranged between the building wall and the thermal insulation panel with the spacers. In addition to thermal insulation, this also gives the facade sound insulation properties, which is desirable in many cases.

Die Teile des erfindungsgemäßen Bausatzes können in an sich bekannter Weise an der Gebäudewand befestigt werden, wie beispielsweise mit Hilfe von Tellerdübeln. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, sie mit Hilfe von Spannbändern zu befestigen, die sich über die gesamte Häusewand erstrecken und in Abständen durch die Platten hindurch mit der Häuserwand verbunden sind, beispielsweise mit Dübeln. Solche Spannbänder geben den unterschiedlichen Plattenelementen ausreichenden Halt auf der Fassade, um auf ihrer Außenseite die erwünschten Fassadenmaterialien aufzubringen. Wenn eine Putzfassade erwünscht ist, kann mit den Spannbändern gleichzeitig ein Armierungsgewebe auf der Fassade befestigt wer den, welches den Halt für den Putz bietet.The parts of the kit according to the invention can be fastened to the wall of the building in a manner known per se, for example using plate anchors. Another possibility is to fasten them with the aid of tensioning straps which extend over the entire wall of the house and are connected at intervals through the plates to the wall of the house, for example with dowels. Such straps give the various panel elements sufficient hold on the facade to apply the desired facade materials to the outside. If a plaster facade is desired, a reinforcement mesh can be attached to the facade at the same time with the straps the one that provides support for the plaster.

Da am unteren Ende der Fassade Luft in die diagonalen und vertikalen Luftkanäle eintreten muß, wird die Vorhangfassade in üblicher Weise auf ein Belüftungsgitter gesetzt, das Lufteintrittsöffnungen zu den Luftkanälen aufweist.Since air must enter the diagonal and vertical air ducts at the lower end of the facade, the curtain facade is placed in the usual way on a ventilation grille which has air inlet openings to the air ducts.

Auch am oberen Fassadenabschluß ist eine Luftaustrittsmöglichkeit in üblicher Weise vorzusehen. Wenn die oberen Mündungen der Luftkanäle gegen das Eindringen von Regenwasser abgedeckt werden sollen, ist es zweckmäßig, hierzu ein Winkelprofil zu nehmen, an dessen Vorderseite sich wiederum ein Entlüftungsgitter befindet. Wie erwähnt, ist es bei den erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatten unerheblich, ob alle Luftaustritte am oberen Ende der Vorhangfassade zur Atmosphäre offen sind oder ob einzelne Luftaustrittsöffnungen beispielsweise durch herabfallenden Mörtel für ganze Bereiche von Luftaustrittsöffnungen etwa durch Gebäudevorsprünge, wie Fenstersimse, Balkons und dergleichen abgedeckt sind, denn die erfindungsgemäß erzielte Diagonaldurchlüftung kompensiert im Verschluß einzelner Luftaustrittsöffnungen vollständig.An air outlet is also to be provided in the usual way at the top of the facade. If the upper mouths of the air ducts are to be covered against the ingress of rainwater, it is advisable to use an angle profile for this purpose, on the front of which there is again a ventilation grille. As mentioned, it is irrelevant with the thermal insulation boards according to the invention whether all air outlets at the upper end of the curtain wall are open to the atmosphere or whether individual air outlet openings are covered, for example, by falling mortar for entire areas of air outlet openings, for example by building projections, such as window ledges, balconies and the like, because the diagonal ventilation achieved according to the invention completely compensates in the closure of individual air outlet openings.

Durch die Zeichnung wird die Erfindung weiter erläutert. In dieser bedeutet

Figur 1
eine Draufsicht auf eine Wärmedämmplatte des erfindungsgemäßen Bausatzes,
Figur 2
eine perspektivische Darstellung der in Figur 1 dargestellten wärmedämmplatten, teilweise weggebrochen, und
Figur 3
einen Ausschnitt aus einem Teil einer wärmegedämmten Vorhangfassade aus dem erfindungsgemäßen Bausatz, teilweise weggebrochen.
The invention is further explained by the drawing. In this means
Figure 1
a plan view of a thermal insulation panel of the kit according to the invention,
Figure 2
a perspective view of the thermal insulation panels shown in Figure 1, partially broken away, and
Figure 3
a section of part of a thermally insulated curtain wall from the kit according to the invention, partially broken away.

Die in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte Wärmedämmplatte 1 besitzt aus einem Stück mit ihr bestehende, in parallelen Diagonalreihen angeordnete Abstandshalter 2, die im allgemeinen quadratischen Querschnitt besitzen und nur an den Plattenrändern dreieckigen Querschnitt haben, so daß beim Nebeneinanderlegen zweier Wärmedämmplatten sich wiederum quadratische Querschnitte ergeben.The thermal insulation board 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 has one piece with it, in parallel Spacers 2 arranged diagonally in rows, which generally have a square cross-section and have a triangular cross-section only at the edges of the panels, so that square cross-sections again result when two thermal insulation panels are placed side by side.

Wie in Figur 1 durch gepunktete Linien angedeutet ist, ergeben die Abstandshalter 2 einerseits unversperrte diagonale Luftkanäle 3 und unversperrte vertikale Luftkanäle 4. Die diagonalen Luftkanäle 3 besitzen eine größere unversperrte Breite a als die vertikalen Luftkanäle 4 mit ihrer unversperrten Breite b. Dadurch hat die in der Vorhangfassade aufsteigende Luft etwa die gleiche Tendenz diagonal und vertikal zu strömen.As indicated by dotted lines in FIG. 1, the spacers 2 on the one hand result in unblocked diagonal air channels 3 and unblocked vertical air channels 4. The diagonal air channels 3 have a larger unblocked width a than the vertical air channels 4 with their unblocked width b. As a result, the air rising in the curtain wall has the same tendency to flow diagonally and vertically.

In Figur 3 ist der erfindungsgemäße Bausatz zu einer Vorhangfassade verbaut gezeigt. Auf dem Mauerwerk 5 ist mit Hilfe des Tellerdübels 7 zunächst eine Wärmedämmplatte 1 mit Abstandshaltern 2 und darüber als Abdeck-Flächengebilde eine Leichtbauplatte oder andere Fassadenplatte 6 befestigt. Diese Leichtbauplatte kann auch durch ein Armierungsgewebe exsetzt sein, auf das der Fassadenputz aufgebracht werden kann.In Figure 3, the kit according to the invention is shown installed to a curtain wall. On the masonry 5 is first a thermal insulation board 1 with spacers 2 and above a lightweight panel or other facade panel 6 is fixed with the help of the plate anchor 7. This lightweight board can also be replaced by a reinforcement fabric to which the facade plaster can be applied.

Claims (6)

  1. A construction module for the production of a thermally insulated curtain facade comprising thermal insulation panels with columnar spacers which are distributed over an entire side of a panel and which are spaced from each other and which are arranged on diagonal, mutually parallely extending rows and which are of substantially the same height and which are in one piece with the thermal insulation panel, and cover surfaces, characterised in that the spacers (2) are so arranged on the thermal insulation panels (1) and are at such spacings and of such dimensions that disposed between them are unobstructed, continuous, straight passages (3, 4) which are arranged both diagonally between two mutually oppositely disposed panel edges and also perpendicularly to said two mutually oppositely disposed panel edges, wherein the spacing between two adjacent spacers which are disposed on a line parallel to the two respective parallel panel edges is greater than the largest diameter of the spacers (2) in the same direction, thus also providing unobstructed vertical air passages (4).
  2. A module according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that the diagonal air passages (3) are wider than the perpendicular air passages (4).
  3. A module according to one of claims 1 and 2 characterised in that the spacers (2) are of square cross-section.
  4. A module according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the thermal insulation panels (2) comprise a plastics foam material.
  5. A module according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that the diagonal air passages (3) are of a width of from 3 to 10 and the perpendicular air passages (4) are of a width of from 0.5 to 5 cm.
  6. A module according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterised in that the spacers (2) occupy from 5 to 40, preferably from 10 to 30 and especially 15 to 25% of the surface of the thermal insulation panel.
EP85106867A 1985-06-04 1985-06-04 Kit for the fabric of a thermally insulated curtain-façade Expired - Lifetime EP0204015B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85106867T ATE62301T1 (en) 1985-06-04 1985-06-04 KIT FOR BUILDING A THERMALLY INSULATED CURTAIN WALL.
DE8585106867T DE3582430D1 (en) 1985-06-04 1985-06-04 KIT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A HEAT-INSULATED CURTAIN FACADE.
EP85106867A EP0204015B1 (en) 1985-06-04 1985-06-04 Kit for the fabric of a thermally insulated curtain-façade

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP85106867A EP0204015B1 (en) 1985-06-04 1985-06-04 Kit for the fabric of a thermally insulated curtain-façade

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0204015A1 EP0204015A1 (en) 1986-12-10
EP0204015B1 true EP0204015B1 (en) 1991-04-03

Family

ID=8193544

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85106867A Expired - Lifetime EP0204015B1 (en) 1985-06-04 1985-06-04 Kit for the fabric of a thermally insulated curtain-façade

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0204015B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE62301T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3582430D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITRE20140013U1 (en) 2014-09-09 2014-12-09 Zanni Federico AIRCOAT
WO2019035724A1 (en) * 2017-08-18 2019-02-21 Bolig Enøk As An improved cladding panel of exterior building walls, and a method thereof
NO347475B1 (en) 2022-03-25 2023-11-13 Glava As Façade insulating system

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1683063A1 (en) * 1967-06-29 1971-08-19 Isopor Kunststoff Gmbh Prefabricated cladding panel for building facades
DE7538493U (en) * 1975-12-03 1976-04-22 Fa. Heinz Golinski, 2800 Bremen AIR LAYER INSULATION PANEL FOR STRUCTURAL PERISOLATION
DE2640065C2 (en) * 1976-09-06 1985-10-17 Herbert 2000 Hamburg Prignitz Use of a heat-insulating building board
DE2936586A1 (en) * 1979-09-11 1981-03-26 Helmut 66459 Kirkel Leidinger Polystyrene isolating plate from unexpanded or pre-expanded granules - has closed surface which does not lie completely flat
DE8012349U1 (en) * 1980-05-07 1982-04-29 Hirsch, Ulrich, 6831 Rheinhausen INSULATING PLATE FOR THE FACADE INDUSTRY
DE8130834U1 (en) * 1981-10-22 1982-03-18 Paul Thiele GmbH für Hoch- und Tiefbau, 2000 Hamburg COMPOSITE ELEMENT
DE8208539U1 (en) * 1982-03-25 1982-07-15 Spengler, Reinhard, 4717 Nordkirchen FLOOR VENTILATION PANEL
DE8234174U1 (en) * 1982-12-04 1983-06-09 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen PRE-FABRIC CONNECTING ELEMENT FOR THE OUTSIDE INSULATION OF BUILDING WALLS
DE3329789C2 (en) * 1983-08-18 1986-05-15 BTB Bautechnische Beratung Brigitte Körner, 6232 Bad Soden Thermally insulated curtain wall

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE62301T1 (en) 1991-04-15
DE3582430D1 (en) 1991-05-08
EP0204015A1 (en) 1986-12-10

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