EP2169132A2 - Slab-shaped construction element - Google Patents

Abstract

The tabular element (1) has horizontal and perpendicularly running trusses (2-6) having a framework and gaps (8) are formed between the trusses. The trusses are made of metal and the gaps are filled out with a form-stable hard aerated plastic. The hard aerated plastic is polyurethane foam. The gypsum wallboards or gypsum plasterboards are also provided.

Description

The invention relates to a tabular component for the modular production of a building, in particular a residential building, with a horizontally and vertically extending truss comprehensive framework, with formed between the truss girders gaps and at least one-sided planking of the framework.

The assembly of residential buildings from prefabricated components according to the modular principle is referred to as system construction. Advantages of the system design are a relatively short construction time, weather independence during the prefabrication phase, high precision of the often serially manufactured components as well as the possibility to implement the finished building later.

Skeleton construction refers in construction to a structure of a building. Here, the shell of the residential building is composed of elements that primarily have a supporting function. Subsequently, the skeleton building is clad with a facade and usually expanded inside with non-load-bearing walls. In contrast to masonry construction, the load-bearing elements of skeleton construction do not simultaneously assume a function that completes the space.

The half-timbered house is such a skeleton construction and has a supporting framework made of wood. The interstices ( Gefach ) are either filled with a wooden mesh with clay plaster, bricked with bricks, or obstructed with clay bricks and plastered. The half-timbered construction method is again used today in prefabricated houses in the form of wooden panel construction. In the timber panel construction, the building is modularly composed of individual flat wooden panels, with the term wood panel, the composite construction of ribs made of solid wood or Wood materials and a planking of wood or gypsum materials is called. The truss formed by the ribs includes horizontally extending truss girders and vertical truss supports. The ribs are connected to the planking by nails, staples or screws to the one-sided or two-sided planked panels. According to their arrangement in the building as wall, ceiling or roof panels they take over supporting, stiffening, raumabschließende and building physics functions.

Based on this prior art, the invention is based on the object to provide a high-attenuation component with high static stability, which is nevertheless easy to work with, in particular allows short setup times. Furthermore, an advantageous combination of tabular components and a method for the construction of a residential building made of such a composite are proposed.

The object is achieved in a tabular component of the type mentioned above in that the truss girders are made of metal, in particular steel profiles, and the spaces are filled with a dimensionally stable rigid foam.

The use of metal to form the framework results in high stability and bearing capacity of the tabular components. Particularly suitable are steel or light metal profiles. In particular, the use of light metal improves the handling of the tabular components on the site.

The use of dimensionally stable rigid foam to fill the gaps between the truss girders and to form the cladding of outer walls results in a very low density and a resulting low specific weight to an extremely low thermal conductivity, which would require about three times thicker wall thickness when constructing the outer wall with conventional high-density aerated concrete block. Another advantage of the use of dimensionally stable rigid foam is its good machinability and machinability at low tool costs and its residual stress.

Advantageously, a closed-cell rigid foam is used. The walls completely closed between the individual cells of the rigid foam improve the thermal insulation. In addition, a moisture absorption is prevented. Surprisingly, it has been found that in the processing of the tabular components moisture absorption of the outer walls is not required. Since the wall structure without the use of hydrous building materials such as concrete, mortar, etc., eliminates when using the components of the invention, the usual drying times, the non-compliance in conventional construction often can cause problems with wet walls. Due to the specific properties of the rigid foam, in particular the low heat / cold conductivity of the rigid foam panels, no cold can be transported inwards, so that the inner walls of the building constructed with the building elements have a higher temperature than the room air. Since water bound in the air always requires a colder object to condense, moisture and resulting mold growth are excluded. This advantage arises even if a building constructed in this way is not ventilated, as is often the case with holiday properties, for example.

The rigid foam is particularly preferably a polyurethane foam. Polyurethane foam is characterized by an excellent insulation effect and a good eco-balance. For The production of a one-square-meter and 60-millimeter-thick polyurethane foam panel is about 80 kWh from the extraction of raw materials to production and delivery to the construction site. Based on a 50-year product life, this is offset by an energy saving of more than 7,000 kWh. In addition, polyurethane foam is at the same time excellent as a swelling material for bonding the plates both to the truss and with the planking. Furthermore, polyurethane foam is highly pressure-resistant, bacteria-repellent, rot-resistant and resistant to fouling, resistant to liquids, especially water, oil, gasoline, alkalis and various solvents, high temperature resistant, electrically non-conductive, flame retardant, environmentally friendly, harmless to health, making it excellent as a building material and Insulating material for the components according to the invention comes into consideration.

If the planking is also made of dimensionally stable rigid foam, in particular of polyurethane foam, a seamless insulation layer is created, which prevents air and / or cold bridges arise.

In order to facilitate the assembly of the tabular components, the spaces between the truss girders are preferably filled with foam panels whose size in the horizontal and vertical direction corresponds to the grid of trusses, so that each space formed between the truss girders filled with exactly one hard foam panel, in particular made of polyurethane becomes. Standard rigid polyurethane foam panels are currently available in widths of 600 millimeters and a length of 1200 millimeters. To accommodate such panels are the trusses in the vertical direction in a grid of 1210 millimeters and in arranged horizontally in a grid of 610 millimeters.

A grid dimension in the horizontal and vertical direction in a range of 300 millimeters to 1500 millimeters satisfies in a particularly favorable manner the requirement for a sufficient static stability of the tabular component with at the same time good handleability, in particular when used for load-bearing outer walls. An even larger grid is to be rejected for security reasons. To improve the protection against burglary, a grid size of up to a maximum of 400 millimeters, in particular a maximum of 300 millimeters, can be recommended in order to reliably prevent burglary, even if the rigid foam is forcibly removed from the interspaces and the planking is removed.

The attachment of the rigid foam panels to the truss girders is preferably carried out with liquid polyurethane foam, which is introduced into the gap between the rigid foam panels made of polyurethane and the truss girders. This results in absolute tightness of the thus formed tabular wall element and a solid bond with the existing steel framework. Any gap to the foundation is preferably also foamed with polyurethane foam.

As already mentioned, the planking preferably likewise consists of dimensionally stable hard foam, in particular of polyurethane, in order to avoid cold bridges on the metallic truss. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a planking of dimensionally stable rigid foam is attached on both sides.

The used for planking Hartschaumstoffplatten can be less than the thickness Hard foam panels be executed in the interstices of the framework. A suitable plate thickness for both the plates in the interstices and the plates for the planking ranges in a range between 40 and 150 millimeters, preferably between 60 and 100 millimeters.

The planking of rigid foam, in particular of polyurethane foam, comprises at least one rigid foam panel, but preferably a plurality of rigid foam panels, with which the entire tabular component is covered both from the inside and / or outside. The rigid foam panels of the planking are preferably arranged with a staggered offset to the rigid foam panels filling the intermediate spaces. The joints between the rigid foam panels are sealed with liquid polyurethane foam. The bonding of rigid foam panels made of polyurethane with the trusses and one another by means of polyurethane foam not only ensures a good connection, but also prevents that deviates from the material of the plates adhesive attacking them.

In particular, in the case of completely prefabricated structural elements, the rigid foam can form a one-piece body in the intermediate spaces and the planking. The production takes place, for example, in a casting process, in which first the interstices and then the overlying plate are cast with the help of a shuttering. After hardening, a monolithic hard foam body forms, which forms the intermediate spaces and the planking.

Both tabular building elements for the production of external and intermediate walls of the building can be prefabricated with openings for windows and / or doors. The Openings are preferably kept free of rigid foam during production.

The inwardly facing surface of the tabular component used as the outer wall is connected to the planking of rigid foam with at least one flat press plate, in particular a chipboard or OSB board. This flat press plate has, for example, a thickness between 15 and 30, preferably 20 millimeters. It serves to accommodate fasteners for pictures, furniture, lights and the like.

Finally, the tabular component is provided on the in the installed position inwardly facing surface of the flat press plate with gypsum wallboard or plasterboard. These gypsum boards are components for producing non-load-bearing walls indoors. For kitchens and bathrooms in particular water-repellent plates are used, which are usually provided circumferentially with tongue and groove. In addition to the excellent fire protection of gypsum wallboard, these create a homogeneous surface for receiving the wall coverings. The gypsum wallboard is usually processed in a thickness between 10 to 15, preferably 12 millimeters. The connection with the flat press plates underneath is done with a special gypsum-based adhesive that swells out at the butt joints and is filled immediately. Alternatively plasterboard can be used as a dry plaster, which are glued with Ansetzbinder directly to the flat plate.

The in the installed position outwardly facing surface of the tabular component used as an outer wall is preferably provided with an external plaster on the planking on rigid polyurethane foam. For this purpose, a first Primer applied to the rigid foam panels, then fine plaster with a fabric and finally the last layer of plaster, which is customizable to the color requirements.

As far as the tabular component for the production of interior walls of the building is used, the two-sided planking preferably consists of at least one flat-pressed plate, which can be provided to produce a homogeneous surface for the wall covering directly with gypsum wallboard or gypsum board boards. A planking with rigid foam panels is usually not required in the interior of the building. Sufficient sound insulation is achieved by the rigid polyurethane foam in the interstices.

So far, no details have been given on the design of the truss made of metal. The truss of the tabular component is limited at least laterally and on the upper side, preferably by a respective truss formed as a square tube truss. The distance between the main support laterally delimiting the tabular component is about 2.5 to 4 meters. According to the strength of the rigid polyurethane foam panels of approx. 100 millimeters, square tubes with a corresponding cross-section of, for example, 100 x 100 millimeters are used. If the square tube, for example, designed as a steel tube in the quality ST 37-2, the square tubes have a wall thickness between two and five millimeters. The limiting the top of square tube also serves as a support for the ceiling structure, the carrier come to rest on the horizontal portion of the rectangular tube. The dimensions of the horizontally extending main carrier are for example 100 x 150 millimeters. Depending on the distance of the main side supports of the truss can be further square tubes to support the horizontal extending main carrier may be provided, which may preferably have a matching depth as the main supports, but a smaller width and a smaller wall thickness.

The other, adjoining the square tubes truss girders, in particular running in the horizontal direction truss girders are designed as angle profiles, in particular T-profiles, with respect to the main supports and girders lesser sheet thickness to reduce the steel mass of the component with sufficient stability. For example, a truss girder designed as a T-profile is made of 1.5 millimeter thick sheet metal with a flange width of 60 millimeters and a web height of 50 millimeters. The use of angle profiles also offers the advantage that the webs of the profiles in the horizontal or vertical direction can be arranged parallel to the edges of the foam boards to be accommodated in the interstices in the framework, so that the webs a montagefreundliche contact / contact surface during insertion and Bonding the rigid foam panels offer.

The insertion of the hard foam panels in the interstices of the framework is facilitated if the framework is limited at least laterally and at the top by a preferably designed as a square tube truss and the other, in particular to the truss at the top adjoining truss girder as vertically extending U-profiles are formed. The flanges of the U-profiles lie on the side of the hard foam panels, which completely fill the intermediate spaces formed by the other, preferably exclusively in the vertical direction running truss girder.

The attachment of components of the tabular component, such as gypsum wallboard, on the post-installation facing inward side is significantly improved by the fact that the tabular component arranged on the in-mounting position inwardly facing side of the truss, horizontally extending profiles with at least one Attachment section for the attachment of such components. The profiles are preferably U-shaped. The inward-facing flange serves as a mounting section. At the same time the horizontal section of the U-profile carries the insulation on the inside, in particular rigid foam panels.

In order to put together several prefabricated tabular components at the construction site to form a building block the outer and intermediate walls of a building shell, each tabular component at its outer edge, preferably on the laterally delimiting main supports of the framework a receptacle for a detachable , preferably pluggable connection to an adjacent tabular component.

The plug-in connector engages positively with profiles in the installation position up and down open square tubes of the adjacent components to be joined together. The profiles of the connecting element are in turn connected to one another via a frame designed in particular as a plate. At least one of the two surfaces of the plate at least two engageable profiles are arranged. Such a connection element allows the connection of two adjacent tabular components without allowing connection to an overlying projectile or another wall profile. On the plate always so many aligned in one direction profiles are arranged as adjacent tabular components together connect. If a connection to wall elements is also to be made for an overhead floor, there are further, on the opposite surface of the plate, corresponding to the number of tabular components to be connected, which can be brought into engagement.

• zunächst eine Bodenplatte gegossen wird
• auf der Bodenplatte die tafelförmigen Bauelemente sowohl für die Außen- und Zwischenwände der vorgesehenen Geschosse aufgestellt und jedes tafelförmige Bauelement an seinen äußeren Rändern mit einer lösbaren Verbindung mit seinen benachbarten tafelförmigen Bauelementen verbunden wird
• bei mehrgeschossiger Ausführung die Geschossdecken eingezogen werden, wobei die Tragelemente der Geschossdecken auf den die tafelförmigen Bauelemente (1)nach oben begrenzenden Fachwerkträgern zumindest der Außenwände aufgelegt werden,
• in die zwischen den Fachwerkträgern ausgebildeten Zwischenräume Hartschaumstoffplatten eingeklebt werden, die anschließend mit Hartschaumstoffplatten oder Flachpressplatten beplankt werden.

A method of constructing a multi-tabular composite building is characterized in that

• first a bottom plate is poured
• placed on the bottom plate, the tabular components for both the outer and intermediate walls of the proposed projectiles and each tabular component is connected at its outer edges with a releasable connection with its adjacent tabular components
• in the case of a multi-storey design, the floor slabs are drawn in, with the support elements of the floor slabs being laid on the truss members of at least the outer walls bordering the tabular building elements (1),
• rigid foam panels are glued into the intermediate spaces formed between the truss girders, which are then covered with rigid foam panels or flat-pressed panels.

In the case of a multi-storey construction, the floor slabs must be pulled in after the outer and intermediate walls have been set up. The floor slabs usually have a total thickness of about 300 to 350 millimeters depending on the span of the floor slab. The supporting system of the floor slab forming support elements, in particular rectangular carrier, truss girder or the like are arranged at a distance of about 300 to 750 millimeters depending on the span of the floor slab on the arranged on the top of square tubes. Below the support elements is an insulating layer attached, which consists for example of Styrodur. It is installed over the entire surface. Including a pipe system for ceiling heating or cooling can be embedded in gypsum fiber boards with good thermal conductivity. Immediately on the support elements is a footfall sound insulation, on which in turn a dovetail sheet is applied for applying the screed on which the floor covering comes to rest. The spaces between the support elements of the floor slab are preferably also insulated. The integration of the heating in the floor slabs has a particularly advantageous effect on the indoor climate and the uniform heating of the outer walls constructed with the tabular components, in particular, any condensation on the inner sides of the outer walls is effectively avoided even under the most unfavorable conditions.

Figur 1

ein tafelförmiges Bauelement gemäß der Erfindung, dargestellt mit Teilbeplankung und teilweise ausgefüllten Zwischenräumen;

Figur 2

einen Schnitt durch ein tafelförmiges Bauelement zur Veranschaulichung des Wandaufbaus;

Figur 3

eine Teilansicht des tafelförmigen Bauelementes nach Figur 1 von der Außenseite;

Figur 4

eine Teilansicht eines tafelförmigen Bauelementes nach Figur 1 von der Innenseite;

Figur 5

eine Anordnung aus drei tafelförmigen Bauelementen, bestehend aus zwei Außenwänden und einer Zwischenwand vor dem Zusammenstellen und Verbinden der einzelnen Bauelemente;

Figur 6

eine Anordnung aus zahlreichen tafelförmigen Bauelementen zur Errichtung des Erdgeschosses eines Gebäudes vor dem Zusammenstellen und Verbinden der einzelnen Bauelemente;

Figur 7

das Erdgeschoss des Gebäudes nach Figur 6 von der Rückseite betrachtet, mit bereits zusammengestellten, jedoch noch nicht verbundenen tafelförmigen Bauelementen;

Figur 8

eine vergrößerte Darstellung der drei tafelförmigen Bauelemente nach Figur 5 zur Veranschaulichung der Verbindung untereinander und zum darüber liegenden Geschoss;

Figur 9

eine vergrößerte Teildarstellung der drei tafelförmigen Bauelemente nach Figur 5 zur Veranschaulichung der Befestigung an der Bodenplatte;

Figur 10

einen Schnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines tafelförmigen Bauelementes zur Veranschaulichung des Wandaufbaus;

Figur 11

eine Teilansicht des tafelförmigen Bauelementes nach Figur 10 von der Außenseite;

Figur 12

das tafelförmige Bauelement nach Figur 10, dargestellt ohne Beplankung und ohne ausgefüllte Zwischenräume;

Figur 13

eine Teilansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines tafelförmigen Bauelementes, dargestellt mit Teilbeplankung und teilweise ausgefüllten Zwischenräumen sowie

Figur 14

einen Schnitt durch das tafelförmige Bauelement nach Figur 13 zur Veranschaulichung des Wandaufbaus.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the figures. Show it:

FIG. 1

a tabular element according to the invention, shown with Teilbeplankung and partially filled spaces;

FIG. 2

a section through a tabular element to illustrate the wall structure;

FIG. 3

a partial view of the tabular component according to FIG. 1 from the outside;

FIG. 4

a partial view of a tabular component according to FIG. 1 from the inside;

FIG. 5

an arrangement of three tabular components, consisting of two outer walls and an intermediate wall prior to assembling and connecting the individual components;

FIG. 6

an arrangement of numerous tabular components for the construction of the ground floor of a building prior to assembling and connecting the individual components;

FIG. 7

the ground floor of the building behind FIG. 6 viewed from the back, with already assembled but not yet connected tabular components;

FIG. 8

an enlarged view of the three tabular components according to FIG. 5 to illustrate the connection between each other and to the floor above;

FIG. 9

an enlarged partial representation of the three tabular components according to FIG. 5 to illustrate the attachment to the bottom plate;

FIG. 10

a section through a further embodiment of a tabular member to illustrate the wall structure;

FIG. 11

a partial view of the tabular component according to FIG. 10 from the outside;

FIG. 12

the tabular component after FIG. 10 , represented without planking and without filled gaps;

FIG. 13

a partial view of another embodiment of a tabular component, shown with Teilbeplankung and partially filled spaces and

FIG. 14

a section through the tabular component according to FIG. 13 to illustrate the wall structure.

FIG. 1 shows a generally designated (1) tabular component for the modular production of a building with a framework with horizontally and vertically running truss girders. The lattice laterally limiting truss girders (2, 3) and the truss at the top limiting truss girder (4) are designed as square tubes whose cross-section and wall thickness is adapted to the static requirements. The other, to the square tubes (2, 3, 4) adjoining truss girders are designed as angle profiles or T-profiles (5, 6). The webs (7) of the horizontally extending T-profiles (6) serve as bearing surfaces and the perpendicular sections of the angle or T-profiles (5, 6) as contact surfaces for the rigid foam panels (9), whose function will be explained below ,

The lattice girders (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) enclose gaps (8) in the tabular component (1). These intermediate spaces (8) are filled with a dimensionally stable rigid foam, in particular in the form of rigid foam panels (9) made of polyurethane. How clear FIG. 1 recognizable, the thickness of the rigid foam panels (9) approximately coincides with the edge length of the lateral and upper truss girders (2, 3) designed as square tubes, so that the surfaces of the rigid foam slabs (9) are flush with the surfaces of the truss girders (2, 3, 4) complete. The horizontal and vertical spacing between the truss girders (2, 3, 4) is selected such that preferably rigid foam slabs (9) of a standardized size can be inserted into the intermediate spaces (8) with little play. The resulting gaps (10) are filled after insertion of the rigid foam panels (9) with liquid polyurethane foam. By the webs (7) have a smaller depth than the wall thickness of the rigid foam panels, by filling the columns (10) is a possible cold bridge at the angle sections (5) and T-profiles (6) closed. Especially FIG. 3 illustrates that the hard foam panels (9) protrude beyond the webs (7) also. After filling the gaps (10) between the hard foam panels (9), therefore, the webs (7) of the angle or T-profiles are also covered by insulation material.

This in FIG. 1 illustrated example of a tabular component (1) forms a completely closed outer wall of a building. In the FIG. 5 shown tabular components (1), which are otherwise constructed consistent, each additionally have an opening (11) for a door, in which no rigid foam panels are used. Such openings (11) for doors or windows or other functional openings in the tabular components are to be distinguished from the spaces (8) between the truss girders, which form the wall surface of the tabular member after filling the gaps with rigid foam panels.

The tabular component (1) is, as in particular from FIGS. 1 and 3 can be seen after the insertion of the hard foam panels (9) in the intermediate spaces (8) from the outside also planked with dimensionally stable hard foam panels (12), the abutting edges (13) offset to the columns (10) are arranged between the rigid foam plates (9) in the intermediate spaces (8).

FIG. 4 shows the device (1) after FIG. 1 from the inside of the building to be finished. There it can be seen that rigid foam boards (14) are also glued on the inside as a planking. The rigid foam panels (14) used for the planking have an approximately 40% lower thickness than the hard foam panels (9) for filling the intermediate spaces (8). In the planking of the inside of the tabular component (1) channels (15) are recessed by the increase in the plate spacing at the abutting edges for the installation of the supply lines, in particular for gas, electricity and water. The channels (15) are closed after laying the lines with a polyurethane strip.

As from the entire outer wall structure schematically representing FIG. 2 recognizable, an impregnation (16), a fabric mesh (17) and an outer plaster (18) is applied to the outside of the rigid foam (21). On the inwardly facing surface of the rigid foam (21), a flat pressing plate (19), for example a particle board, which in turn is provided with a gypsum wallboard (20), is preferably arranged. Deviating from the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 4 the rigid foam (21) made of polyurethane is made in one piece. This one-piece embodiment can be produced, for example, by a casting process of the tabular components using suitable casings.

FIG. 10 shows a generally designated (1) tabular component with a framework, the laterally delimiting truss girders (2, 3) and a truss limiting the truss, at least at the top truss (4) includes. Starting from the upper truss girder (4) vertically extending U-profiles (28) are arranged as a wall infill at regular intervals, the flanges flush with the rigid foam panels (9), with which the spaces between the truss girders (2, 3, 4, 28 ) fill out. The distance of the vertical U-profiles (28) is preferably adapted to the dimensions of commercially available rigid foam panels for Dämmzwecke, for example, 500 mm x 1000 mm x 100 mm.

The wall structure of the tabular component (1) according to FIG. 10 on the outside corresponds to that of the tabular components according to FIG. 1 , so that reference is made to the statements there. Coincidentally, the outside is also covered with dimensionally stable rigid foam panels (12), on the surface of which a fabric mesh (17), an adhesive / reinforcement (27) and finally the outer plaster (18) are applied.

However, differences arise with regard to the structure of the component (1) from the inside of the finished building. The hard foam panels (14) on the inside are supported by horizontally extending U-profiles (25) which are fastened to the truss girders (2, 3, 28) on the inside, in particular by spot welding or riveting. The flanges of the horizontal U-profile (25) are flush with the rigid foam panels (14) on the inside. The upwardly facing inner flanges (26) of each horizontal U-profile (25) provide an improved way of securing the inner panel, which is typically a flat press plate (19) and a gypsum wallboard (20) disposed thereon. The distance between the horizontally extending U-profiles (25) corresponds to the dimensions of commercially available rigid foam panels (14).

FIG. 13 shows a further embodiment of a tabular component (1), which is particularly suitable for industrial prefabrication. The production takes place as follows:

On the outer planking, consisting in particular of several rigid foam panels (12) (eg Neopor), the prefabricated supporting truss consisting of lateral truss girders (2) and a truss girder (4) is placed on the upper side. Optionally, a latticework, in particular a steel grid (29) can be placed on the rigid foam panels (12). The additional steel grid (29) prevents puncturing of the wall surfaces formed by rigid foam panels. At the same time the burglary protection is improved.

On the inside of the tabular component as in the embodiment of the FIGS. 10 to 13 horizontally extending profiles, preferably U-profiles (25) attached. The inner flange (26) of the U-profiles (25) serves as in the embodiment of the FIGS. 10 to 13 for fixing the inner panel, in particular consisting of flat press plates (19) and gypsum wallboard (20).

The area between the hard foam panels (12), which serve as outer paneling of the tabular component (1) and the inner flange (26) of the U-profiles (25) is preferably made of polyurethane in one piece. The one-piece design is in particular, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 produced by a foaming process using suitable shuttering. Empty conduits for supply lines, in particular for water and electricity, can be inserted as required into the spaces to be foamed. When filling with polyurethane foam creates a homogeneous self-connected wall plate made of rigid foam (21) on the surface of the inner flanges (26) of the horizontally extending U-profiles (25) come to rest.

Based on FIGS. 5 to 9 is explained below, as a composite of several inventive tabular components (1) is carried out expedient in the manner of a modular system. FIG. 5 shows by way of example the connection of two as outer wall specific tabular components (1 a, 1 b) with an intermediate wall forming a tabular component (1 c). The respectively at the outer edge of the components (1 a to 1 c) arranged lateral truss girder (2 a, 2 b, 2 c) in the form of both upwardly and downwardly open square tubes also serve as a receptacle for a total of (22 a, 22 b) designated connecting element. The connecting element (22 a, 22 b) consists of a plate-shaped frame (23) on which rectangular profiles (24 a - c) are arranged, the form-fitting in the upwardly or downwardly open square tubes of the lateral truss girder (2 a - c) can be brought into engagement ( FIG. 8 ).

The rectangular profiles (24 a - c) have a cross section that is slightly smaller than the free inner cross section of the lateral truss girders (2 a - c), so that they can be easily inserted from above or from below into the truss girders at the construction site. Since the partitions usually in cross-section smaller dimensioned lateral truss girder (2 c), the rectangular profile (24 c) is dimensioned correspondingly smaller.

The connecting element (22 a) has such rectangular profiles (24 a - c) not only on the underside of the plate-shaped frame (23), but in a matching position and orientation on the top. These rectangular profiles (24 a - c) are used to three tabular components (1 a - c) of an overlying projectile by engaging the rectangular profiles from below in the To connect square tubes of truss girders (2 a - c) to the basement.

The bottom-side connecting element (22 b), however, has only on the mounting surface in the upward facing surface of the plate-shaped frame (23) rectangular profiles (24 a - c), since this connecting element is fixed on the floor plate of the construction site.

After joining the tabular components with the connecting elements (22 a, b), these are preferably additionally screwed by screw to the truss girders or the foundation.

If only two tabular components (1) are to be connected to each other, as for example at the building corners in FIG. 7 can be seen, only two rectangular profiles are arranged with matching cross-section on the plate-shaped frame (23) of the connecting element (22 a, b), which engage positively in the upwardly and downwardly open square tubes to be joined adjacent truss girder.

FIG. 6 shows the arrangement of the prefabricated tabular components (1) before mating with the connecting elements (22). Clearly recognizable is the floor plan of the first floor of the building. The individual tabular components are as far pushed together for mounting the outer and intermediate walls, that the connecting elements in the lateral truss girder (2,3) can be brought into engagement.

If the tabular components (1) are not delivered to the construction site with rigid foam panels (9) already in place, the hard foam panels will be inserted into the interstices after installation of the components (9) and then applied the planking and possibly the outer plaster and the interior lining with pressboard and gypsum wallboard. If a multi-storey construction is desired, the lattice girder (4) serve at the top of the tabular components (1) at the same time as a support for the floor slabs, which are also realized with support elements in the form of steel square tubes.

The roof is placed in a conventional construction as a cold or warm roof. The cold roof consists for example of a double-shell, ventilated roof construction. A roofing membrane is applied to the rafters of the roof truss. Then done the counter battens and the battens. Finally, the roof is covered with concrete roof tiles. The eaves and verge are covered with tongue and groove boards.

In a warm roof, the insulating layer is applied directly under the roof skin. There is no ventilation layer between the roof, thermal insulation and load-bearing ceiling. It is thus a single-shell, non-ventilated roof construction, which forms a composite element in itself. The roof insulation can be carried out according to the wall structure of the tabular components to achieve comparable insulation values.

Finally, depending on the type of building, the roof truss can be manufactured as a nail binder construction.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

No. description No. description 1a-c. tabular component 14th Hard foam boards (planking inside) 2a-c. Truss girder sideways 15th channel Third Truss girder sideways 16th impregnation 4th Truss top 17th fabric mesh 5th angle section 18th exterior plaster 6th T profile 19th Flat pressure plates 7th Stege 20th Gypsum blocks 8th. interspaces 21st rigid foam 9th Rigid foam panels (gap) 22a, b. connecting element 10th columns 23rd frame 11th Opening door 24a, b. rectangular profiles 12th Rigid foam panels (exterior planking) 25th U-profile (horizontal) 13th abutting edges 26th inner flange 27th Adhesive / reinforcement 28th U-profile (vertical) 29th lattice structure

Claims (21)

Panel-shaped component for the modular production of a building with a horizontally and vertically extending truss girder comprehensive framework, formed between the trusses intermediate spaces and at least one-sided planking of the framework, characterized in that the truss girders (3-6) are made of metal and the spaces ( 8) are filled with a dimensionally stable rigid foam Tabular component according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid foam is a polyurethane foam. Panel-shaped component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intermediate spaces (8) are filled with rigid foam panels (9). Tabular component according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the planking also consists of dimensionally stable rigid foam (12,14). Panel-shaped component according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the planking has at least one hard foam plate (12,14). Tabular component according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hard foam (12,14) of the planking and the rigid foam panels (9) are glued together in the interstices by means of liquid polyurethane. Panel-shaped component according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the rigid foam panels (9) in the intermediate spaces (8) are glued to the truss girders (1-6) by means of liquid polyurethane. Tabular component according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rigid foam (21) in the intermediate spaces (8) and the planking form an integral body. Tabular component according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the tabular component (1) between the truss beams (2-6) formed openings (11) for windows and / or doors, which are free of rigid foam. Tabular component according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the tabular component (1) is connected on the installation position inwardly facing surface of the skin made of rigid foam with a flat pressing plate (19) Tabular component according to claim 10, characterized in that the tabular component (1) the surface of the flat pressing plate (19) pointing inwards in the installed position is provided with gypsum wallboard panels (20) or plasterboard panels Tabular component according to one of claims 1 to 1, characterized in that the tabular component (1) is provided on the mounting position in the outwardly facing surface with an outer plaster (18) Tabular component according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the two-sided planking consists of at least one flat pressing plate (19). Tabular component according to claim 13, characterized in that the tabular component (1) is provided on the surfaces of the flat press plates (19) with gypsum wallboard (20) or plasterboard. Panel-shaped component according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the framework (2-6) of the tabular component (1) is bounded at least laterally and at the top by a truss (2,3,4) designed as a square tube, and the other, adjoining the square tubes truss girder (5,6) are formed as angle profiles. Tabular component according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the framework (2-6) of the tabular component (1) at least laterally and on the upper side is bounded in each case by a trussed carrier (2, 3, 4) designed as a square tube, and the further trussing beams, in particular adjoining the trussing support (4) on the upper side, are designed as U-profiles (28). Panel-shaped component according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the tabular component (1) has horizontally extending profiles (25) with at least one fastening section (25) arranged on the side of the framework (2, 3, 4) pointing inwards in the installed position. 26) for the attachment of components (19, 20) of the tabular component (19 on the inside. Tabular component according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the tabular component (1) on at least one outer edge of a receptacle for a detachable connection to an adjacent tabular component (1). Composite of several tabular components 1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that each tabular component (1) has at least one outer edge a detachable connection to an adjacent tabular component. Composite of a plurality of tabular components according to claim 15, 16 and 19, characterized in that the connecting element (22 a, b) form-fitting manner in the mounting position up and down open square tubes (2 ac) of the adjacent to be joined together Components (1 ac) engageable profiles (24 ac), which are interconnected via a frame. Composite of several tabular components according to claim 20, characterized in that the frame (23) is designed as a plate, wherein at least one of the two surfaces of the plate at least two engageable profiles (24 ac) are arranged.

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