EP3504386B1 - Modular house - Google Patents

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a modular house comprising interconnected room modules.

State of the art

Modular houses or buildings with a modular design are sufficiently known from the prior art. Such modular houses are usually composed of several, each separately prefabricated room modules or room cells or room building blocks, which are manufactured in a manufacturing plant and only have to be arranged on site on a prepared foundation next to one another or one above the other and finally connected to one another.

Each of the individual, essentially cuboid room modules usually has a floor slab, side walls rising from the floor slab, and a ceiling. Partitions or partition walls in the interior of the room modules that subdivide the interior space, as well as openings in the side walls serving as passage, door or window openings are already created or introduced in the production plant. The room modules are usually designed in such a way that all installations are already included and / or corresponding installation shafts or cavities are present, via which installations already contained can be easily connected on site or installations to be created can easily be integrated.

For example, the DE 20 2015 105 915 U1 a modular house in which several modules are arranged next to and on top of each other that they form a first and a second floor level, with between the ground and the floor panels of the modules of the first floor level and between the Floor-level cavities are formed and at least one stiffening means for supporting the floor panels is provided for each room module in order to reduce vibrations of the floor panels. The stiffening means are arranged accordingly in the cavities and support the floor panels from below. The document EP 0 717 158 A2 discloses a modular house according to the preamble of claim 1. Further documents which disclose a generic prior art of modular houses GB 1 221 158 A and DE 16 84 951 A1 .

In order to comply with the regulations and rules or standards for the thermal insulation of facades and ceilings in accordance with the Energy Saving Ordinance, thermal insulation systems are usually attached to the outside of the facades in the known modular houses, as are also used for other buildings. As a rule, a thermal insulation composite system is mounted on the facade walls from the outside, with the thermal insulation composite system usually being glued onto the modular houses made of concrete.

As with the construction of buildings, it is also a central goal of the further development of modular houses to optimize the construction method in such a way that the modular houses are equipped with improved thermal insulation, which in any case meets the energy requirements when they are inexpensive to manufacture and assemble and gives the modular houses a high level of living comfort.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a modular house that is equipped with improved thermal insulation and can be produced easily and inexpensively. This object is achieved according to the invention by the device according to independent claim 1. Further advantageous aspects, details and embodiments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.

The present invention provides a modular house having at least a first and a second, each prefabricated room module, the room modules arranged next to one another being supported on a foundation anchored in the ground and forming at least a first floor level. Each room module comprises at least one floor plate, a ceiling and side walls, with at least one of the side walls of each room module forming a connecting wall via which the room modules arranged next to one another are connected to one another and the outward-facing side walls of the room modules connected to one another form walls on the facade . The modular house is particularly characterized by the fact that it has a double-shell facade wall, the facade-side walls of the interconnected room modules forming an inner wall shell and an outer wall shell spaced apart from the inner wall shell being provided. The inner wall shell formed by the facade-side walls of the interconnected room modules is surrounded by the outer wall shell.

The modular house according to the present invention comprises at least two room modules which are arranged next to one another in at least one first floor level and connected to one another, the fixed connection of the individual room modules taking place in particular via provided metal rods and tie rods. It goes without saying that modular houses are also included here, which consist of three, four, five, six or more room modules, it being possible for the room modules to be arranged next to one another and one above the other. The present modular house can be intended for residential use as well as for commercial use and is preferably designed as a free-standing building, for example in bungalow construction. Alternatively, however, the modular house can also be designed as a row or double house in a row or double construction.

The individual room modules for the present modular house are made from concrete, in particular from reinforced concrete or reinforced concrete, and are designed in particular in such a way that the load-bearing, lateral walls on a lower side of the room module protrude beyond the base plate. To erect the modular house, the room modules forming the first floor level are set up on these protruding sections of the load-bearing side walls on a foundation anchored in the ground, which is designed, for example, as a point or strip foundation.

The space modules are supported at certain points by means of the sections protruding beyond the base plate, with supporting bumps of known type advantageously being used for the support. In order to achieve a certain tolerance and mobility, punctiform shaft bearings can also be provided when the room modules are supported. The room modules are advantageously thermally decoupled, with a thermal separation from the strip foundations being provided in the area of the support humps. In particular, pressure-resistant insulating elements are provided for thermal separation, for example in the form of a neoprene / plastic bearing.

Due to the sections protruding beyond the floor slab described, the room modules are supported by means of the lateral load-bearing walls on the foundation or on the ceilings of room modules arranged below, a cavity being formed between the floor slabs and the sub-floor or the ceiling arranged below, so that the floor panels can therefore also be understood as essentially self-supporting floor panels.

The cavity located beneath the floor panels is particularly important for building services and for installations and installation connections, in which case, for example, the installations of individual room modules that are already contained in the room modules themselves can be easily connected to one another in the cavities. The cavity is also used to accommodate insulating or insulating materials.

According to the invention, the present modular house has a two-shell facade wall, a heat-insulating cavity being formed between the inner wall shell and the outer wall shell. The outer wall shell, like the room modules themselves, is placed on the foundation anchored in the ground and is therefore supported on the foundation. In the present case, the outer wall shell can also be understood as a presented facade or as a self-supporting facade. If necessary, the outer wall shell can also be designed as a curtain wall, in particular in the form of a curtain wall, ventilated from the rear.

Particularly effective thermal insulation or insulation can be achieved in a particularly simple and inexpensive manner in the present modular house due to the double-shell facade wall. The outer wall shell acts like a laterally sealing envelope. Special advantages arise solely from the fact that the labor-intensive and cost-intensive attachment or gluing of a composite thermal insulation system can be saved. Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous to dispense with the erection and securing of a scaffold for the creation of thermal insulation or thermal insulation in the form of a thermal insulation composite system. The present modular house is therefore particularly energy-efficient with a simple manufacturing and construction method and meets the requirements of the Energy Saving Ordinance.

Due to the spaced apart from the inner wall shell outer wall shell, a cavity with a predetermined thickness is formed between the inner wall shell and the outer wall shell, which according to the invention is filled with a suitable insulating material. According to the invention, the insulation material is a bulk insulation material or a blown insulation material. Such an insulation material can be filled into the existing cavity, in particular blown in or poured in. It is particularly preferably a plant-based blown insulation material, for example blown cellulose. Injectable cellulose is known to be offered as an insulating material or insulating material by various manufacturers, for example in the form of cellulose flakes or cellulose fibers. By blowing in insulating material, in particular cellulose, a very good and even distribution of the insulating material in the cavity can be achieved. When the insulating material is blown in, areas of the cavity that are difficult to access are particularly advantageously filled, as a result of which particularly good and uniform insulation can be achieved and the occurrence of so-called cold bridges can be avoided.

Alternatively, the outer wall shell can be provided with insulation, flat insulating elements being attached to a side of the outer wall shell facing the inner wall shell. For example, the flat insulation elements, in particular insulation panels, can already be provided at the factory be attached to the outer wall shell during manufacture. The insulation panels preferably have a thickness or thickness that is less than the predetermined thickness or thickness of the cavity, which is formed due to the outer and inner wall shell arranged at a distance from one another. The thickness of the insulation panels is preferably around 20 mm less than the thickness of the cavity between the inner and outer wall shell, so that sufficient tolerance compensation can be ensured in order to avoid tension. In addition, in the completed, assembled state, the spacing between the insulation panels and the inner wall shell, which is present at least in sections, can serve as an air space and, if necessary, promote ventilation of the facade.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least two further interconnected room modules with facade-side walls are provided, the further room modules being supported on the first and second room modules and forming a second floor level. The further room modules are mounted on the ceilings of room modules arranged below by means of the side load-bearing walls beyond the sections of the side walls that protrude above the base plate. In this two-story embodiment, the outer wall shell of the modular house particularly preferably extends over both storey levels. For example, the outer wall shell is essentially continuous or continuous in relation to the height of the modular house, so that there are no horizontal abutting edges, joints or the like, not even in an area between the two storey levels where the first and second storey levels adjoin one another. A smooth, continuous facade view can be achieved in this way.

The outer wall shell preferably has openings, the openings being designed and arranged in such a way that they coincide with window and / or door openings provided in the facade-side walls of the room modules. In the present case this is understood to mean that there are perforations or openings in the outer wall shell which correspond in shape and size to the window and door openings in the inner wall shell and which are arranged in such a way that they correspond to the respective Window and door openings of the same shape and size in the inner wall shell are brought to cover.

Preferably at least one reveal and / or a lintel in the form of a cladding is provided in the area of each opening. Such a cladding, which forms the reveal or the lintel of a window or a door, not only delimits the cavity between the inner and outer wall shell to the outside in order to keep the insulating material in the cavity, but also serves to ensure that it is flawless optical appearance of the facade. Alternatively and also preferably, projections can be formed on the outer wall shell in the area of the openings, the projections being oriented in the direction of the inner wall shell and forming the soffits or the lintel of the corresponding windows or doors. For example, the protrusions are designed like a frame and running around the opening, so that the outer wall shell runs into the window reveals. Additional cladding can advantageously be dispensed with. In particular, thermal decoupling is ensured both in the case of cladding in the area of the openings and in embodiments in which the outer wall shell runs into the window or door reveals, so that cold bridges are avoided in any case.

In order to ensure sufficient stability of the double-shell facade wall, the outer wall shell is connected to the inner wall shell via provided connecting means. For example, these are tensile and pressure-resistant spacers.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, roof insulation is provided on the outside on the ceilings of the room modules closing off the modular house at the top, the roof insulation forming at least a slope. It is particularly preferable for the roof insulation to have two slopes, both of which fall from a higher level point to a lower level point. The higher level point is advantageously formed by an imaginary center line that runs roughly in the middle of the modular house. Starting from this central lily, both slopes descend towards one side of the facade and thus form slopes oriented towards one another, which preferably have a roof slope of around 2%. It goes without saying that on A drainage device is provided for each lower level point. Particularly preferably, a green roof can also be provided on the outside of the roof insulation.

In order to achieve particularly effective thermal insulation, floor panel insulation is preferably additionally provided on the floor panels of the room modules of the first floor level, specifically on a side of the floor panels facing the floor.

In preferred design variants, the outer wall shell can protrude above the roof insulation and green roof and form an attic. The outer wall shell is particularly preferably designed in several pieces and comprises two, three or more plate-like wall shell elements connected to one another, the plate-like wall shell elements being at least partially made of concrete. The outer wall shell preferably comprises four or eight wall shell elements. The wall shell elements are set up or supported on the foundation and then connected to one another in such a way that the outer wall shell surrounds the room modules circumferentially or laterally.

The individual wall shell elements preferably extend over half or the entire facade side, in particular over half or entire longitudinal side or over half or entire broad side of the modular house. The preferably four or eight wall shell elements are connected to one another at the abutting edges via a suitable joint or connecting material. Of course, the outer wall shell can also be designed in more than four or eight parts, depending on the size of the modular house. Depending on the size and construction plan of the modular house, the wall shell elements can also be designed as corner elements. For example, each wall shell element extends over the height of a storey level, so that in multi-storey modular houses with more than one storey level, the wall shell elements are arranged on top of one another. Alternatively, it is also conceivable for the outer wall shell to be designed in one piece, namely frame-like and circumferentially.

The plate-like wall shell elements are preferably designed as sandwich panels, the sandwich panels having at least one concrete layer and at least one layer made of a suitable insulating material that is at least partially connected to the concrete layer. The insulating material layer forms a side of the wall shell elements facing the inner wall shell. The insulating material can, for example, be applied to the concrete layer in the manner of a coating or, alternatively, insulating material panels can also be attached to the concrete layer of the wall shell elements. Since the outer wall shell is at least partially made of concrete and at least one outwardly oriented surface is a concrete surface, the outer wall shell can use the usual measures for facade processing, such as. B. plastering and / or painting can be processed as desired. The outer wall shell can, however, also serve as an exposed concrete facade.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1

schematisch dargestellt einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform eines Modulhauses gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung;

Fig. 2

schematisch dargestellt einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Modulhauses;

Fig. 3

einen vereinfachten schematischen Horizontalschnitt durch ein Modulhaus gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung im Bereich zweier benachbarter Raummodule.

The invention is to be explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. Show it

Fig. 1

shown schematically a vertical section through an embodiment of a modular house according to the present invention;

Fig. 2

shown schematically a vertical section through a further embodiment of a modular house;

Fig. 3

a simplified schematic horizontal section through a modular house according to the present invention in the area of two adjacent room modules.

Ways of Carrying Out the Invention

Fig. 1 shows schematically a vertical section through an embodiment of a modular house according to the present invention. The modular house of the example shown comprises a first and a second room module 1, 1 ', each essentially cuboid room module 1, 1' made of reinforced concrete being prefabricated in a manufacturing plant and made of a floor slab 2, 2 ', a ceiling 3, 3' and in each case four side walls 4a, 4b which adjoin one another essentially at right angles and rise from the base plate 2, 2 '; 4a ', 4b' consists. At least one side wall 4a, 4a 'of each room module 1, 1' forms a connecting wall 4a, 4a 'via which the room modules 1, 1' are connected to one another. The outwardly oriented side walls 4b, 4b 'of the interconnected room modules 1, 1' form facade-side walls 4b, 4b '. The room modules 1, 1 'are preferably connected to one another via tie rods.

Each room module 1, 1 'having an interior 5, 5' can be provided with one or more intermediate or partition walls, not shown in the figure, to subdivide its interior 5, 5 ', which can also be introduced in the production plant.

The first and second room modules 1, 1 ′ are arranged next to one another in a first floor level G1 and are supported on a foundation 14 anchored in the underground U and designed as a strip foundation. The interiors 5, 5 'of the first and second room modules 1, 1' are connected to one another via openings in the side walls 4a, 4a 'which form a passage. The openings forming the passage are shown with dashed lines. To improve the surface structure of the floor panels 2, 2 'of the adjacently arranged room modules 1, 1', the floor panels 2, 2 'are connected to one another in the area of the openings forming a passage via a flat composite section 16 connecting the floor panels 2, 2' connected. As a result, a continuous floor area is achieved which extends over the adjacent room modules 1, 1 ′ that are connected to one another. In addition, it is particularly advantageous not to apply a screed layer before laying floor coverings, such as wood parquet or tiles, since the floor coverings can be laid directly on the floor surface. This advantageously leads to significant time and cost savings.

Each room module 1, 1 'is equipped on the underside with sections 15 of the side walls 4a, 4b, 4a', 4b 'protruding beyond the respective base plate 2, 2', which serve to support the room modules 1, 1 '. The room modules 1, 1 'are supported at points by means of the sections 15 protruding beyond the base plate, with support cusps being used for the support. The room modules 1, 1 'are mounted in a thermally decoupled manner, with thermal separation by means of pressure-resistant neoprene / plastic bearings being provided in the area of the supporting humps.

By means of these sections 15 protruding beyond the respective base plate 2, 2 ', the room modules 1, 1' are supported on their supporting, lateral walls 4a, 4b, 4a ', 4b' in such a way that underneath each base plate 2, 2 ' a cavity is formed which is arranged between the respective base plate 2, 2 'and the underlying substrate U. Floor panel insulation 11 is particularly preferably accommodated in these cavities in order to ensure effective thermal insulation of the module house also in the floor area. The floor panel insulation 11 of the example shown is insulation panels made of closed-cell extruded polystyrene foam.

According to the invention, the modular house has a double-shell facade wall via which particularly effective thermal insulation can be achieved. The two-shell facade wall comprises an inner wall shell 6 and an outer wall shell 7, the inner wall shell 6 being formed by the facade-side walls 4b, 4b 'of the interconnected room modules 1, 1' and the outer wall shell 7 on the outside at a predetermined distance around the inner wall shell 6 is arranged to run around. The outer wall shell 7 is at the predetermined distance from the inner wall shell 6 set up and, like the room modules 1, 1 'themselves, is supported on the foundations 14 anchored in the underground U. The outer wall shell can therefore also be understood as a presented facade or as a self-supporting facade. The outer and the inner wall shell 7, 6 are connected to one another via suitable connecting means, for example via tensile and pressure-resistant spacers.

Because of the predetermined spacing, a cavity is formed between the inner and outer wall shell 6, 7 and is filled with an insulating material 8. The insulation material 8 of the example shown is a blow-in insulation material, namely an injectable cellulose in the form of cellulose flakes. In order to properly and professionally delimit the cavity between the inner and outer wall shell 6, 7 downwards, in the direction of the subsurface U, corresponding end strips, sealing strips, sealing panels or sealing elements can be provided which hold back at least the insulating material 8 in the cavity.

In alternative embodiments not according to the invention and not shown, the outer wall shell 7 can be provided with insulation, with flat insulating elements being attached to a side of the outer wall shell 7 facing the inner wall shell 6. For example, the flat insulation elements, in particular insulation panels, can already be attached to the outer wall shell 7 at the factory during the manufacture thereof. The insulation panels preferably have a strength or thickness which is less than the distance between the outer and inner wall shell. The thickness of the insulation panels is preferably around 20 mm less than the distance between the inner and outer wall shell 7, so that sufficient tolerance compensation can be ensured in order to avoid tension. In addition, in the completed, assembled state, the spacing between the insulation panels and the inner wall shell, which is present at least in sections, can serve as an air space and, if necessary, promote ventilation of the facade. For example, the outer wall shell 7 is formed by a plurality of wall shell elements, the wall shell elements being in the form of sandwich panels, which at least one Have concrete layer and at least one layer of insulating material connected at least in sections to the concrete layer.

The outer wall shell 7 has openings 9, which in the vertical section of Figure 1 not visible, but in Figure 3 are shown. The openings 9 are matched both in shape and size as well as in their arrangement on doors and windows forming wall openings in the facade-side walls 4b, 4b 'of the room modules 1, 1', so that the outer wall shell 7 also has window and door openings that correspond to those of the interconnected room modules 1, 1 '. A frame-like, circumferential projection 10, which can also be understood as an upstand, is formed around each of these openings 9 on the outer wall shell 7. The projection 10 forms a soffit and a lintel of the window and door openings so that the outer wall shell 7 runs into the window soffit or door soffit.

Alternatively, a cladding or a facing can be provided, which form a reveal and a lintel and delimit the cavity between the inner and outer wall shell from the outside.

The outer wall shell 7 is, for example, made in one piece, essentially like a frame and can be set up in one piece around the interconnected room modules 1, 1 'by placing the one-piece outer wall shell 7 over the interconnected room modules 1, 1' like a sleeve or shell. is set up or "slipped over".

Alternatively, the outer wall shell 7 is constructed in several pieces and preferably consists of four or eight wall shell elements. The wall shell elements are set up or supported on the foundation 14 and then connected to one another in such a way that the outer wall shell 7 surrounds the room modules 1, 1 'circumferentially or envelops them laterally. The individual wall shell elements preferably extend over half or the entire facade side, in particular over half or the entire length l or over half or the entire width b of the modular house. The preferably four or eight wall shell elements are connected to one another at the abutting edges via a suitable joint or connecting material. Roof insulation 12 is arranged on the upper side of the ceilings 3, 3 'of the room modules 1, 1', the roof insulation 12 having a first and a second gradient F1, F2. Each slope F1, F2 falls starting from a higher level point in the direction of a width b of the modular house in which Figure 1 indicated by arrows, to a lower level point. The higher level point is arranged approximately in a connecting area between the room modules 1, 1 ', for example in an area above the connecting walls 4a, 4a' and thus runs forward along an imaginary center line of the module house. In the example shown, the Figure 1 A green roof 13 is also provided on the outside of the roof insulation 12. At the lower level points of both slopes F1, F2, namely adjacent to the outer wall shell 7, drainage devices are provided in each case.

The outer wall shell 7 is also made of concrete and preferably extends over an entire height h of the modular house. In the example of Figure 1 the outer wall shell 7 protrudes upwards beyond the roof insulation 12 and the green roof 13 and thus forms an attic.

During the construction of the present modular house, the room modules 1, 1 'are first set up next to one another on the foundation 14 anchored in the ground and connected to one another. In order to achieve effective thermal insulation, after the room modules 1, 1 'have been set up and connected, the one-piece or multi-piece outer wall shell 7 is installed or set up in such a way that the outer wall shell 7 or the wall shell elements rest on the foundation 14 . Subsequently or, if necessary, during the erection, the outer and inner wall shell 7, 6 are connected to one another via suitable connecting means, for example tensile and pressure-resistant spacers. Furthermore, necessary seals or insulation are made in the area of the projections 10 around the openings 9 or, if necessary, claddings are attached to the openings 9 provided and end strips or sealing elements are attached to an underside of the double-shell facade wall.

If an insulating material 8 that can be blown in is used, the insulating material 8, in particular cellulose, is finally blown into the cavity between the outer and inner wall shell 7, 6. In alternative embodiments not according to the invention in which the outer wall shell is already provided with insulation at the factory during manufacture, in particular when using wall shell elements in the form of sandwich panels, no measures for introducing an insulating material are necessary. The double-shell facade wall is finally also sealed at the top. A particularly effective facade insulation is already guaranteed. After the final sealing and insulation measures in the area of the roof, for example via the roof insulation 12, the modular house is also sufficiently insulated on the top.

In the Figure 2 a vertical section of a further embodiment of the modular house according to the invention is shown schematically, the modular house shown comprising four room modules 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'". In each case two room modules 1, 1 'are arranged next to one another in a first floor level G1 and supported on the foundation 14 anchored in the underground U and two further room modules 1 ", 1'" are arranged next to one another in a second floor level G2 and on the room modules 1, 1 'of the first floor level G1, on the ceilings 3, 3'.

The in Figure 2 the example shown, the outer wall shell 7 extends over the entire height h of the modular house and thus over the first and second storey levels G1, G2. The outer wall shell 7 erected or supported on the foundation 14 can be formed continuously, starting from the surface of the subsurface U to an upper free end arranged on the top above the roof insulation 12, so that horizontal abutting edges or butt joints are thus in the outer wall shell 7 can be avoided. Alternatively, individual wall shell elements can also be placed on top of one another.

In the Figure 3 is a simplified schematic horizontal section of a modular house in the area of two adjacent room modules 1, 1 'in a plan view of the floor panels 2, 2', wherein in the simplified representation for none of the room modules 1, 1 'dividing walls or partitions are shown.

The outer wall shell 7 of the example shown extends over both the length l and the width b of the modular house. As from the Figure 3 As can be seen, the outer wall shell 7 has openings 9 which are matched both in shape and size and in their arrangement to wall openings forming doors and windows in the facade-side walls 4b, 4b 'of the room modules 1, 1'. The openings 9 in the outer wall shell 7 and the wall openings in the inner wall shell 6 are congruent and thus together form the window and door openings in the double-shell facade wall. In the area of each opening 9, the outer wall shell 7 is provided with a projection 10, with the projection 10, which can also be understood as an essentially right-angled edging surrounding the opening 9, is formed on the outer wall shell 7 in such a way that the Projection 10 is oriented in the direction of the inner wall shell 6 and forms the soffit and the lintel of the respective window and door openings. As a result, the cavity between the inner and outer wall shell 6, 7 is delimited to the outside in order, for example, to hold back the insulating material 8 at the window and door openings in the cavity.

Alternatively, the openings 9 can be provided with a cladding such that the cladding forms the reveal and the lintel of the respective window and door openings. The cladding then also delimits the cavity between the inner and outer wall shell 6, 7 to the outside in order to hold back the insulating material 8 at the window and door openings in the cavity accordingly.

In the example shown, the inner wall shell 6, which is formed by the facade-side walls 4b, 4b 'of the room modules 1, 1; is formed and consists of reinforced concrete, a thickness d ₁ of around 120 mm. The outer wall shell 7 envelops the inner wall shell 6 at a distance of around 160 mm, so that the cavity between the wall shells 6, 7 has a thickness of approx. 160 mm and the insulating material 8 received in the cavity therefore has a thickness d ₂ of around 160 mm is present. The outer wall shell 7 is also made of concrete and has a thickness d ₃ of around 160 mm.

In the present modular house, effective thermal insulation can be achieved in a particularly advantageous manner in that the modular house has a double-shell facade wall, with a cellulose insulation material that is well insulating and ideally suited for thermal insulation purposes being introduced as insulation material 8 by blowing between the inner and outer wall shells 6, 7. In the present modular house, it is particularly advantageous to dispense with laborious attachment of a composite thermal insulation system to the facade sides of the room modules. This saves time-consuming and costly measures to create a thermal insulation composite system, for example erecting and securing scaffolding.

List of reference symbols

1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'"

Room module

2, 2 ', 2 ", 2'"

Base plate

3, 3 ', 3 ", 3'"

ceiling

4a - 4a '"

Side walls forming connecting walls,

4b - 4b '"

Facade-side, side walls

5, 5 ', 5 ", 5'"

inner space

6th

inner wall shell

7th

outer wall shell

8th

Insulation material

9

Breakthrough

10

Cantilever

11

Floor slab insulation

12

Roof insulation

13

Green roof

14th

foundation

15th

protruding sections of the side walls

16

Composite section floor panels

b

Width of the modular house

d ₁

Thickness of the inner wall shell

d ₂

Thickness of the insulation material

d ₃

Thickness of the outer wall shell

F1, F2

gradient

G1

first floor level

G2

second floor level

l

Length of the modular house

U

Underground

Claims (13)

1. Modular house having at least a first and second, respectively prefabricated, room module (1, 1'), wherein the room modules (1, 1') can be supported, arranged next to one another, on a foundation (14) anchored in the ground (U) and form at least a first storey level (G1), wherein each room module (1, 1') comprises at least a floor plate (2, 2'), a ceiling (3, 3') and side walls (4a, 4b; 4a', 4b'), wherein at least one of the side walls (4a, 4a') of each room module (1, 1') forms a connecting wall (4a, 4a'), via which the room modules (1, 1') arranged next to one another are interconnected, wherein the outwardly oriented side walls (4b, 4b') of the interconnected room modules (1, 1') form facade-side walls (4b, 4b'), wherein the modular house has a double-shell facade-wall, wherein the facade-side walls (4b, 4b') of the interconnected room modules (1, 1') form an inner wall shell (6), wherein an outer wall shell (7) arranged at a distance from the inner wall shell (6) is provided, wherein the inner wall shell (6) is surrounded on the outside by the outer wall shell (7), characterized in that a predefined cavity is configured between the inner wall shell (6) and the outer wall shell (7) and the cavity is filled with a suitable insulating material (8) and the insulating material (8) is a loose-fill insulating material or a blow-in insulating material.
2. The modular house according to claim 1, characterized in that the blow-in insulating material is a plant-based blow-in insulating material, in particular injectable cellulose.
3. The modular house according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer wall shell (7) is provided with an insulation, wherein flat insulation elements are attached on a side of the outer wall shell (7) facing the inner wall shell (6).
4. The modular house according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two further interconnected room modules (1", 1") are provided, wherein the further room modules (1", 1") are supported on the first and second room modules (1, 1') and form a second storey level (G2) and wherein the outer wall shell (7) extends over the first and the second storey levels (G1, G2).
5. The modular house according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer wall shell (7) comprises through-holes (9), wherein the through-holes (9) are configured and arranged in such a way that they correspond with the window and/or door openings provided in the facade-side walls (4b, 4b', 4b") of the room modules (1, 1', 1").
6. The modular house according to claim 5, characterized in that a projection (10) forming a jamb and/or a lintel is formed on the outer wall shell (7) in the area of each through-hole (9) or in that at least a casing forming a jamb and/or a lintel is provided in the area of each through-hole (9).
7. The modular house according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer wall shell (7) is connected to the inner wall shell (6) via connection means.
8. The modular house according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a ceiling insulation (12) is provided on the outside on the ceilings (3, 3', 3", 3") of the room modules (1, 1', 1", 1") completing the house module in the upward direction, wherein the ceiling insulation (12) forms at least one slope (F1, F2).
9. The modular house according to claim 8, characterized in that, on the top side of the ceiling insulation (12), roof greenery (13) is further provided.
10. The modular house according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a floor plate insulation (11) is provided on the floor plates (2, 2') of the room modules (1, 1') of the first storey level (G1) on a side of the floor plates (2, 2') facing the ground (U).
11. The modular house according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer wall shell (7) forms a parapet.
12. The modular house according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer wall shell (7) is configured as a plurality of pieces and comprises two, three or more interconnected plate-like wall shell elements, wherein the plate-like wall shell elements are at least partially made of concrete.
13. The modular house according to claim 12, characterized in that the plate-like wall shell elements are configured as layered plates, wherein the layered plates have at least one concrete layer and at least one layer made of a suitable insulation material that is joined with the concrete layer at least in sections.

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