Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
  • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
  • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
  • E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
  • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
  • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
  • E01B9/04—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry without clamp members
  • E01B9/10—Screws or bolts for sleepers

Definitions

• the invention relates to a rail fastening with a spring element made of plastic according to the preamble of claim 1 and the alternative use of the spring element.
• a spring element in combination with a steel spring is known from AT 344 768, which can transmit horizontal and vertical forces in the case of a rail fastening.
• AT 344 768 A spring element in combination with a steel spring is known from AT 344 768, which can transmit horizontal and vertical forces in the case of a rail fastening.
• EP 0 393 432 A2 proposes a spring element made of cold-resistant thermoplastic polyurethane which can be used in a variety of ways as an impact Damping, electrically insulating tension spring can be used for rail fastening using a sleeper screw or spring nail.
• the spring element is used there, possibly in combination with other components, in order to ensure not only vertical but also transverse horizontal rail foot fixation.
• the insulating arrangement of the spring element between the steel components should also contribute to noise reduction and wear reduction.
• the design and arrangement of the spring elements only allow a small spring travel. Despite optional indications that the system can be preassembled, practice has shown that the spring elements are so large that preassembly is practically impossible.
• the invention is based on the problem of an optimal, small-sized vertical bracing of the rail foot, which is equipped with a few components, and which is relatively large
• the fastening system should be preassembled.
• the invention is based on the knowledge that the positive properties of spring elements made of plastic can be used for substantial increases in the elasticity behavior, in particular the cold-resistant thermoplastic polyurethane which has been tried and tested by the inventors.
• the spring element according to the invention is designed as a substantially flat spring plate or spring washer, which has a more or less large projection on the edge from the lower surface in the sense of a nose parallel to the edge.
• the nose ends in a surface which is complementary to the rail foot surface and with which it lies flat on the rail foot.
• the spring element is fixed on the rail foot on the one hand and on the sub-swell or on the other hand on the surface of the sub-swell by means of corresponding clamping forces applied by means of sleeper screw, hook screw or the like.
• the clamping torques are usually specified as theoretical values; the spring element now transfers these unevenly to the parts to be tensioned. Due to the larger spring travel, the rail foot is tensioned more strongly by the nose than the part of the spring plate that rests on the swelling.
• the spring travel can be designed differently. This is particularly important because this measure enables the use of different resilient rail supports without significantly changing the overall height of the rail fastening.
• the spring plate can be supported both on the rear part of the undulation and in the area next to the fastening bolt.
• a ribbed plate or a corresponding angle element on a wooden or steel sleeper can also serve as a support on the sublimation.
• a sleeper screw with a large head or a load distribution plate, preferably made of steel, arranged between the sleeper screw or a hook screw with nut can be used. In this case, the frictional force resulting from the rotary movement of the screw is also absorbed by the metal plate and damage to the surface of the spring element is avoided and a reliable application of the defined clamping force is ensured even with varying temperature of the spring element.
• the spring plate possibly also the metal plate, has an elongated hole which extends transversely to the rail. It is thus possible to rotate the spring plate by 180 ° and to move it away from the rail foot and to fix it on the undersize. In this position, a rail can be placed between the fastening elements without having to actuate them (pre-assembly position).
• the spring element provided with a nose against lateral displacement for example a hook screw fastening.
• a plastic part arranged for electrical insulation next to the rail foot for example in the form of an angle strip that grips under the rail foot and exceeds its height, can be used, which can have a recess in the area of a dowel anchorage of the fastening bolt.
• the dowel can take over the function of the plastic part and also have the same elasticity, ie also from the same Material be made. If the dowel protrudes beyond the sub-threshold, it can also serve to guide the rail foot and the fastening bolt at the same time.
• the spring plate shaped according to the invention can also be used for tracks subject to considerable transverse displacement, if the sublimation is equipped at a distance from the rail foot with an abutment over which the nose of the spring plate positively engages and in this position - similar to the pre-assembly position - is fixed.
• the rail foot is then held by the - actually rear - bearing surface of the spring plate. This fastening method also secures the spring plate against rotation from its desired position.
• the spring plate is of particular importance for rail fastenings, compared to normal ones
• Attachment must have lower push-through resistance, for example for rail mounting on bridges. Due to the possible relative displacement between the bridge construction and the gapless track lying on it, a longitudinal extension of the bridge must be permitted without substantial additional forces being transferred to the rail. This is achieved by setting the nose height and thus the effective clamping force of the fastening system to the lower value. Alternatively, the frictional force between the nose of the spring plate and the rail foot can be reduced by reducing the area ratio between the pressing surface of the nose and the bearing surface of the spring element on the lower swell.
• FIG. 1 shows a side view of a rail fastening in partial section
• FIG. 2 shows a rail fastening according to FIG. 1 in the preassembly position
• Fig. 3 shows another rail fastening in
• FIG. 4 is a top view of a rail fastening according to FIG. 3;
• Fig. 5 shows another rail fastening.
• a rail foot 1 rests with an elastic intermediate layer 2 on the sublimation 6, a prestressed concrete sleeper.
• a threshold screw 3 presses with its head onto a metal plate 4 and thus introduces the clamping forces of the screw anchored in dowel 7 in the sublimation 6 into the spring plate 5.
• the nose 26 presses down the rail foot 1, while the rear part 27 of the spring plate lowers by a further dimension after the screw has been rotated until it rests on a support on the swell 6.
• the spring element the spring plate 5
• the spring element has an elongated hole 9, so that, as shown in FIG. 2, the spring plate 5 is rotated by 180 ° and pushed away from the rail foot 1 into a position which enables the rail foot to be closed remove without removing the fastening parts.
• the rail fastening can be fixed on the sub-threshold in the manufacturing plant and then transported to the construction site and positioned there. This eliminates the laborious assembly of the fastening elements on the construction site.
• the anchoring dowel 7 protrudes far beyond the swelling. It serves as a cross-slide protection for the rail and insulation and as a guide for the fastening bolt 3.
• FIG. 3 shows another fastening of the rail foot 1 on an under-swelling 17, for example a steel bridge or a rib plate attached to a bridge, with the elastic intermediate plate 2 being interposed.
• the under-swelling has a rib 16 with a recess for a hook screw 11, the rib being electrically insulated from the rail foot 1 by a plastic angle strip 14.
• a spring plate 15 is pressed with a nose 28 against the rail foot 1 by an overlying steel plate 13 for force distribution by means of clamping torques applied to nut 12 of the hook screw 11.
• the dimension b between the rear bearing part 29 of the spring plate 15 corresponds to the height of the nose 28.
• the nose 26 in a spring plate 5 similar to the k superstructure has a height of approximately 10 mm with a thickness of remaining spring plate of about 6-8 mm
• the nose 28 is only about 3 mm high with this attachment to a bridge. This measure reduces the pressure of the nose 28 on the rail foot 1 with identical clamping torques for both spring plates 5, 15, so that the push-through resistance for the rail foot 1 is also reduced.
• the hook screw 11 In the pre-assembly position, the hook screw 11 is pushed somewhat out of its clamping position from the rail foot 1 and fixed there. An elongated hole in the spring plate 15 is therefore unnecessary.
• FIG. 4 shows a top view of the fastening according to FIG. 3, but the nut 12 is not shown.
• the angle bar 14 is used for the electrical insulation of the rail foot 1 and in operative connection with the nose 28 of the spring plate 15 as rotation and displacement protection of the fastening.
• FIG 5 shows a rail foot 1 which rests on a wooden sleeper 21 with intermediate plates 2, 20.
• a steel bracket 23 serves as an abutment for the nose 22 of a spring plate 25, which is held by sleeper screw 3.
• the edge 24 of the rear part of the spring plate 25 presses the rail foot.
• the spring plate 25 is locked against rotation in the assembly position shown.
• the edge 24 acts practically as a nose here, since the spring travel c in the resulting tensioning direction of the sleeper screw 3 is considerably larger than the thickness of the spring plate 5.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Railway Tracks (AREA)
• Springs (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
• Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
• Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
• Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
• Braking Arrangements (AREA)
• Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
• Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6461389

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1992
  • 1992-06-18 DE DE4220112A patent/DE4220112C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-06-18 RU RU94046304/11A patent/RU94046304A/ru unknown
  • 1993-06-18 WO PCT/DE1993/000541 patent/WO1993025757A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1993-06-18 AU AU43073/93A patent/AU4307393A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1993-06-18 HU HU9403296A patent/HUT71753A/hu unknown
  • 1993-06-18 DE DE59307556T patent/DE59307556D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-06-18 AT AT93912608T patent/ATE159307T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1993-06-18 EP EP93912608A patent/EP0648290B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-06-18 PL PL93306027A patent/PL172756B1/pl unknown
• 1994
  • 1994-11-21 EE EE9400309A patent/EE03032B1/xx unknown

Patent Citations (4)

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