Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
  • F16L55/16—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders
  • F16L55/162—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe
  • F16L55/165—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section
  • F16L55/1652—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section the flexible liner being pulled into the damaged section
  • F16L55/1653—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section the flexible liner being pulled into the damaged section and being pressed into contact with the pipe by a tool which moves inside along the pipe
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C63/0065—Heat treatment
  • B29C63/0069—Heat treatment of tubular articles
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
  • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
  • E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
  • E03F3/06—Methods of, or installations for, laying sewer pipes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C63/26—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces
  • B29C63/34—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces using tubular layers or sheathings
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
  • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
  • E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
  • E03F3/06—Methods of, or installations for, laying sewer pipes
  • E03F2003/065—Refurbishing of sewer pipes, e.g. by coating, lining

Definitions

• This invention relates to a method of lining a passage ⁇ way, entirely or partially surrounded by walls, for instance a pipeline above or under the ground or a ventilation channel or any other kind of channel, according to which method a hose- shaped, flexible lining laminate is inserted into the passage ⁇ way and is then kept expanded and pressed against the inside of the passageway by means of compressed air or another gaseous pressure medium for being formed in accordance with the mentio- ned inside, curable resin included in the laminate being cured by means of light energy or another radiation energy.
• the shape adaptation of the laminate to the inside of the passageway is made after the laminate has been drawn into and through the passage and has been plugged at both ends of the passageway, by blowing up the laminate by means of a pressure medium in form of either water or air to a contact against the inside of the passageway and is then kept expanded against the mentioned inside until the curable resin in the laminate has been cured.
• the front end of the hose- shaped laminate is first fastened to the outside of an end of an everting device, which end is turned to the opening of the passageway, whereafter the rest of the laminate is everted into and through the passageway by means of an everting medium which usually is a liguid and preferably water under pressure and which during the entire eversion course shall exert such a pressure that, as the laminate is everted into the passage, it is capable of pressing out everted laminate to contact against the inside of the passageway for shape adaptation of the lami ⁇ nate until the curable resin in the laminate has been cured and the laminate formstable.
• an everting medium usually is a liguid and preferably water under pressure and which during the entire eversion course shall exert such a pressure that, as the laminate is everted into the passage, it is capable of pressing out everted laminate to contact against the inside of the passageway for shape adaptation of the lami ⁇ nate until the curable resin in the laminate has been cured and the laminate formstable.
• the initiation of the curing of the curable resin included in the laminate is made or accelera ⁇ ted and for that, according to up to now the most reliable lining methods, heat is supplied by means of the same media which are used when blowing up and everting, respectively, the hose-shaped lining laminate, and which accordingly has to be heated up to the temperature that is required for the curable resin to begin to cure.
• the heated and pressurized medium whether is is water or air, has to be circulated inside through the laminate and pass through a heating device during each circulation revolution for receiving necessary heat addi ⁇ tion.
• the heat medium must also be so pressur ⁇ ized that it is capable of keeping the laminate pressed against the inside of the passage that is being lined so that the laminate maintains its shape adaptation to the inside of the passageway until the resin has been cured and the laminate has become entirely formstable.
• the hose-shaped laminate has to be kept expanded or blown up against the inside of the passageway that shall be lined in order that the laminate shall be able to adapt its form to the mentioned inside before it begins to cure and allow utilized radiation source to be drawn inside through the laminate.
• water under pressure or compressed air is utilized also in those cases when the cure is made or is initiated by means of radiation energy, for instance in the form of a light having a wavelength in the area of 300-500 nanometers.
• the radiation source accordingly has to be constructed in that way that it can act in water but to make such a radiation source which has to be absolutely watertight like electric cable passages and connections belonging to it, has appeared to be almost impos ⁇ sible to acceptable expenses. Furthermore, it has appeared to be united with great problems to be able to introduce such a radiation source in the laminate, filled with water, and then move the radiation source in that way that it is always kept centered inside the laminate and these problems together have resulted in that to an ever increasing extent compressed air instead of water is being utilized as an eversion medium and blowing up medium, respectively, when curing the lining lami- nate by means of light energy or another radiation energy.
• the purpose with the present invention is accordingly when using compressed air or another gaseous pressure medium for eversion of the hose-shaped laminate and for pressing the same against the inside of the passageway to eliminate the risk of fire during the curing course, even if the cure of the laminate is made by means of radiation energy.
• Another purpose with the invention is that it should be possible to secure a good through cure of the laminate, going out from a predeter ⁇ mined curing time/curing velocity.
• Necessary radiation energy for curing the resin is supplied to the same during a predetermined time period; - The radiation energy is generated by a plurality of radiation energy sources, connected together one after the other, which are forced to move through the laminate expanded by the compressed air or another gaseous medium with essential ⁇ ly constant velocity; - Compressed air or another gaseous pressure medium is forced to stream through the hose-shaped laminate for trans ⁇ portation out of the heat that can be possibly created during the curing course under a continuous pressing of the laminate against the inside of the passageway.
• Fi ⁇ . l schematically shows a longitudinal section through a pipeline in the ground, expanded hose-shaped lining laminate being introduced into the pipeline, and necessary lining equipment
• Fig. 2 schematically shows the connection in of the curing apparatus for its introduction into the pressurized laminate inside the pipeline
• Ficr. 3 shows in a larger scale a longitu- dinal section of a part of the pipeline in Fig. 1 having the curing apparatus
• Fi ⁇ . 4 shows a longitudinal section through a light wagon
• Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal section through an ignition wagon
• Fi ⁇ s. 6 and 7 show a plan view of a holding ring for a light source, which ring is included in the light wagon.
• Fig. 1 is generally by 1 denoted a pipeline positioned in the ground which pipeline shall be lined and which is shown to extend between two wells 2, 3.
• a step feeder 4 is arranged in the well denoted by 2 and is provided with alternately working membranes 5 in closing units 6, 7, positioned at a distance from each other, for stepwise feeding of a hose-shaped lining laminate 8 forwards which in Fig. 1 is already shown to be introduced into the pipeline 1 that shall be lined.
• the step feeder 4 essentially vertically arranged in the well 2 is in connection with the pipeline l by a connection pipe 9 compri ⁇ sing a 90 degrees pipe bend 10 which ends at the entrance end
• the hose-shaped lining laminate 8 is connected with the outside of the end portion of the pipe bend, which portion is turned to the mentioned entrance end 11, since the introduction of the laminate 8 into the pipeline 1.
• a constant flow valve 13 having a spool like form with a centrally positioned rope passage 14 and with a number of air outlet holes 15, which go through the valve 13 and which by means of plugs 16 can be opened or closed in ac ⁇ cordance to the need for increasing and reducing, respectively, of the through streaming of air in the lining laminate 8 app ⁇ lied inside the pipeline 1.
• This constant flow valve 13 is app ⁇ lied in place in the final end of the laminate latest before the last mentioned end disappears into the feeder during the eversion course but may if that is desired be applied in place already when manufacturing the laminate in the factory or at any other suitable occasion therebetween.
• Necessary pressure medium for eversion preferably com ⁇ pressed air
• a pressure medium air source not shown in the drawings, for instance a compressor
• a compressed air line 17 debouching into the feeder in its outfeeding section 18 between the hose-shaped laminate 8 extending through the feeder 4 during the eversion and the insides of the outfeeding section and the connection pipe.
• the same compressed air is utilized as a pressure medium for keeping the hose-shaped lining laminate 8 introduced into the pipeline 1 pressed against the inside of the pipeline until the laminate has been made entirely form ⁇ stable by curing the curable resin included in the laminate.
• a rope 19 is connected to the constant flow valve 13, which rope at least during the later part of the eversion course is utilized as a braking rope for adjusting the eversion velocity in such a way that it is available and accessable from the outside of the valve when the lining laminate 8 is entirely everted as is shown in Fig. 1.
• the mentioned rope 19 (Fig. 1) extends through the everted laminate 8 and up through the connecting pipe 9 and the feeder 4 to a rope winch 20, mechanically or manually operated, the membrane 5 in the one and/or the other of the two closing units 6, 7 being pressurized from a not shown compres ⁇ sed air line via a line 19a och by that entirely closed around the rope 19.
• the cure of the laminate 8 introduced into the pipe line 1 and for bringing about this cure is in accordance with this invention utilized light energy or another suitable radiation energy, the curable resin included in the laminate 8 being prepared in intended way for that type of radiation energy that shall be utilized. If light energy is utilized for the cure, suitably light is selected with a wave length lying within the interval 300-500 nanometers and preferably in the interval 350-450 nanometers.
• the radiation energy necessary for curing the resin is supplied by means of a curing apparatus which is generally denoted by 20 and which comprises a number of wagons articula ⁇ tely connected together to a train, which wagons comprise light wagons 21 and ignition wagons 22, each light wagon comprising a radiation source 23 for emitting radiation intended for the cure, whereas each ignition wagon 22 comprises ignition and control sets 24 for two light wagons 21.
• the curing apparatus 6 comprises six light wagons and accordingly only three ignition wagons 22 but the number of light and ignition wagons is by that not limited to the number mentioned only as an example but can be more as well as less depending upon the total amount of radiation energy which has to be supplied in order to achieve a total through cure of the resin included in the laminate.
• each wagon 21, 22 (Fig. 4 and 5) comprises essentially identical end portions 25, each of which comprises a sleeve-shaped dowel 26 with a supporting flange 27 at its inner end, a holding ring 28, arranged on the dowel 26, for six spring legs 29 which with one end portion 30 is inserted into a hole 31 in the holding ring 28 and is there locked by means of a locking screw 32.
• Each such spring leg carries a wheel and preferably a dividable wheel pair 33 by twistably enclosing the axle 35 of the wheel with its second bent end portion 34.
• each spring leg 29 has a number of spring revolutions 36 extending helically and the number of such spring revolutions 36 is accordingly deciding for the length of respective leg.
• the holding ring 28 of the spring legs 29 is held in place on the sleeve-shaped dowel 26 and is in contact with its supporting flange 27 by a locking socket 37 provided with threads which socket cooperates with a corresponding threaded portion 38 on the dowel 26 and which can be provided with one or several threaded holes 39 for stop screws for preventing unintentional turning of the locking socket 37.
• each locking socket 37 On a narrower portion of each sleeve-shaped end dowel 26 axially outside each locking socket 37 there is arranged a ring 40 which is maintained on the dowel 26 by a locking ring 41 and which is provided with two diametrically positioned and in the same direction projecting carrying arms 42, which carrying arms are revolved 90° in relation to corresponding carrying arms 42 of the other end portion of the wagon in order to enable a mutual cardan connection of the wagons 21, 22.
• Each such con ⁇ nection between two wagons 21, 22 comprises besides the mentio ⁇ ned carrying arms 42 of the end portions of the two wagons, which end portions are turned to each other, a sleeve-shaped intermediate piece 43 which by means of diametrically arranged axle pins 44 is articulatly united with the carrying arms 42 of the one wagon and which by means of also diametrically arranged axle pins 45 is articulatly united by the carrying arms 42 of the other wagon, which are revolved 90° in relation to the carrying arms 42 of the mentioned one wagon and by that the axle pins 44, 45 form two joint axles which allow revolution movement in two directions which are perpendicular to each other.
• This cardan joint between the wagons is also open so to say in that meaning that necessary cable bunches 60 for power distribution to and control connection beween the different wagons 21, 22 can be drawn internally through each joint without obstacles.
• each wagon 21, 22 comprises two conical end shields 46, each one with its narrow portion being connected with the supporting flange 27 of its end dowel and with its broad portion by means of screws 47 being connected with hold ⁇ ing rings 48 which regarding each light wagon 21 carry its light source 23 and regarding each ignition wagon 22 its igni- tion and control sets 24 inside a tubular body 50 fastened in the holding rings 48 by means of the screws 47 and which ought to have a greater diameter than the height of the control and ignition sets 24 for receiving a space 51 through which the mentioned cable bunch 60 can extend through respective ignition wagon 22.
• Each ignition and control set 24 is fastened to the tubular wagon body 50 and is at its one end provided with con ⁇ necting means 52 for connecting respective ignition and control set 23 to the radiation source 23 of respective light wagon.
• Each light wagon 21 has its radiation source 23 which is shown in the form of a UV-lamp, carried by the two holding rings 48 and is, regarded more closely, with its socket 53 unturnably arranged in an opening 54 in the one holding ring 48 of the wagon (see also Figs. 6 and 7) and is locked against a longitudinal displacement to the mentioned ring 48 by means of a number of locking screws 55.
• the radiation source 23 of each wagon is introduced through a corresponding opening 56 to contact with a leaf spring 57 end fastened on the rear side of the mentioned holding ring 48, which spring when applying the radiation source is tensioned for exerting a counter-directed force on the radiation source so that this one is held centered in its opening 56.
• each light wagon extends a number, for instance three, helically twisted pipes 58 which with their ends are fastened in peripheral slots 59 in the holding rings 48 and through which the mentioned cable bunch 60 is drawn in a distributed condition through respective light wagon 21. Thanks to the helical extension of the pipes 58 each point that the light train passes during the advancement by drawing through the applied and blown up laminate 8 will be exerted for essen ⁇ tially the same amount of radiation.
• the curing apparatus 20 in the form of a train is en ⁇ closed in a tube 61 when it is not utilized, which tube when applying the apparatus is connected to the upper part of the step feeder after having removed a possible tube lid and after having connected the rope 19 to the end wagon 21, 22 of the curing train.
• the cable 60 wound on the cable winch is connected to the curing train 20 via a wall entrance in the end lid 62 of the tube and tube 61 is pressurized by the fact that each closed membrane 5 is forced to open at the same time as compressed air is introduced via the compressed air line 17 until intended pressure has been achieved which can be read off on a manometer connected to a connection 65 on a not more closely shown operation desk.
• the rope 19 is used as a pulling rope by means of a mechanical or manual rope winch 63 arranged at the well 3 and the cable 60 as a braking or a counter-holding cable by means of the cable winch 20.
• the curing train 20 is pulled through the whole laminate and principally up to the constant flow valve 13 in the final end of the laminate 8 which in the end phase of the eversion procedure is bent up into the well 3 by means of a cord-reinforced flexible plastic hose 64 as is schematically apparent from Fig. 1.
• the laminate has a length that can correspond to the length of the entire light train of about 2.9 meters with the mentioned number of ignition and light wagons 21, 22 or that may be essentially shorter, for instance only one meter.
• the light wagons 21 shown in the drawings has a wheel distance of about 0.23 meter and the ignition wagons 22 a wheel distance of about 0,24 meter and the distance between adjacent wheels 33 of two wagons is about 0.12 meter.
• the design according to the invention of the present curing train makes possible that relatively narrow bends can be taken with essentially maintained centration of the wagons 21, 22 also in the bend itself.
• the cure can be started by having the curing train 20 connected in to move with a predetermined velocity through the laminate and accordingly in opposite direction to the introduction direc ⁇ tion.
• the cable 60 functions as a pulling cable and the rope 19 as a counter-holding rope.
• all light wagons 21 of the curing train do not have place inside that part of the laminate 8 which is in the well 3, the radiation sources ought to act one or several minutes before the train 20 is forced to move through the expanded laminate 8.
• This move- ment direction for the curing train 20 during the curing course is to prefer to the opposite movement direction by the fact that the counter-holding rope 19 which is very light and narrow compared with the conducting cable 60 can be held stretched and by that free from the laminate which at this stage is relative- ly warm to an essentially greater extent than what should be possible in that case when the cable 60 is used as a counter- holding rope and the rope 19 as a pulling rope.
• the relatively thick cable 60 will to an essential extent be dragged along the laminate 8 heated by the recently passed curing train 20 and by that there is a very great risk that the cable 60 can damage the laminate in one or another way and will at least leave tracks after itself in the form of longitudinal recesses or the like.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20382252

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (18)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1991
  • 1991-03-22 SE SE9100870A patent/SE9100870D0/xx unknown
• 1992
  • 1992-03-23 AU AU14169/92A patent/AU1416992A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1992-03-23 JP JP4506582A patent/JPH0741670B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-03-23 WO PCT/SE1992/000180 patent/WO1992016784A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (4)

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