WO1992008848A1 - Dispositif de controle de l'erosion - Google Patents
Dispositif de controle de l'erosion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992008848A1 WO1992008848A1 PCT/FR1991/000887 FR9100887W WO9208848A1 WO 1992008848 A1 WO1992008848 A1 WO 1992008848A1 FR 9100887 W FR9100887 W FR 9100887W WO 9208848 A1 WO9208848 A1 WO 9208848A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ground
- erosion
- hull
- base
- fixing
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001175 rotational moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/126—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of bituminous material or synthetic resins
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a modular device for controlling soil erosion, the main function of which is to slow down or accelerate the speed of natural erosion fluids in order to influence the sedimentation of the loose elements of the soil which are in transit.
- Ambient fluids water, air are factors that generally contribute to soil erosion in both marine and terrestrial environments, due to the erosion velocity that they can reach either naturally or under the effect of human interventions.
- a sea or river current retarder can be assimilated by analogy to the artificial reproduction of a sedimentary wrinkle (mega-ride, etc.) ascending the current ascending from the bottom, and thus favoring the sedimentation and the regrouping of loose elements in transit.
- coastline in new natural sedimentary ridges in order to simulate a delta or estuary profile regenerating the soft banks.
- these convex and relatively rigid ralcntisscurs are fixed on a flexible and porous carpet
- the hydrostatic overpressure undergone by the wing while taking off the current and the waves of the bottom is transmitted quasi-integralcmcnt through the porous carpet in the floor under the device and may have the effect of lifting it up and tipping it over.
- these devices can only be deployed ballasted and are heavy, fragile, bulky, unsightly and irremovable. When built in great lengths, they suffer from longitudinal fragility and can break when the soil is modified.
- the position and / or orientation of these devices may have to be changed in order to obtain a better reconstruction taking into account the characteristics of marine factors involved in the work area.
- erosion can be caused either by a sedimentary drying up, for example when marine erosion reduces the source of dry sand feeding the shore dunes, or by too strong energy from erosion fluids (rain and wind .%) on loose soil having lost its vegetal layer.
- the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks or at least to mitigate them satisfactorily, while providing better control of soil erosion by a simple and versatile device (marine or terrestrial).
- a soil erosion control device intended to be placed on the ground or embedded in the ground, comprising a lower part provided with means for fixing to the ground and a part upper provided with means for attenuating the energy of the erosion fluids, characterized in that said attenuation means comprise a protruding rigid hull and in that said fixing means comprise an impermeable base facing the ground subjected to a first hydrostatic pressure in depression with respect to a second hydrostatic pressure applying to the upper face of said fixing means and resulting from the pressing force of the erosion fluids acting on the hull, and in that the lower and upper parts are integral at least one of the other on their peripheral edges and delimiting an interior volume capable of being at least partially filled with ballast or with the material constituting the fixing and / or attenuation means, this material possibly forming a single block with said means.
- the upper part is removably fixed on the lower part.
- the device is hollow and integral.
- the device is full and in one piece.
- the ends of the hull comprise modular assembly means adapted to cooperate with the corresponding means of devices of the same type to produce an assembly of generally continuous shape; said assembly means comprising a male profile fitting into a female profile to form a continuous longitudinal chain and / or a cheek profile at least partially and without discontinuity following the lateral flanks of the upper part to form lateral chains.
- the effect of the modular device is then to accelerate the current and cause the dispersion of alluvium and therefore controlled erosion.
- Figure 5 shows a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
- FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the device of the present invention with anchoring means
- FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a modular assembly of several devices according to the invention.
- the device R according to the invention for slowing down erosion (current C, wind V) is associated in a modular fashion with other devices of the same type to produce an assembly (Rl, R2 ... Rn) which is placed relative to the shore in one or more contiguous rows partially submerged producing an effect of maritime acerction and éolie ⁇ .
- the device R comprises a lower part 1 provided with means for fixing to the ground and an upper part 2 provided with means for attenuating the energy of the erosion fluids.
- the attenuation means comprise a protruding rigid hull 5.
- the device for slowing down erosion, object of the present invention comprises at least one module R comprising an impermeable base and a hull. It can be placed indifferently on submerged or emerged soil and its optimum accretion effect is obtained when the direction of the module R makes a right angle with the direction of the dominant erosion fluid in the environment considered (current, tide, rainwater runoff , wind ).
- Figure 3a shows the device of the invention made in two parts.
- the upper part 2 is provided with means for attenuating erosion fluids and produced in the form of a rigid protruding hull 5 of parabolic profile with convex apex and horizontal peripheral edges.
- the upper part 2 is secured to a lower part 1 by preferably removable attachment means such as bolting 6.
- the lower part 1 comprises means for fixing to the ground consisting of an impermeable base 3 facing the ground.
- the waterproof base 3 has dihedral faces 3a, the junction angle of which is for example greater than 100 * and extends inside the hull 5 by a horizontal strip 3b forming a peripheral skirt and at its longitudinal ends at l exterior of the hull 5 by a flap 3c which avoids the erosion phenomena associated with hull end disturbances and may possibly participate in assembly with another module or in anchoring to the ground by means of notches 21 receiving appropriate fastening devices (straps, etc.).
- the longitudinal ends of the device define an opening between the base 3 and the hull 5.
- FIG. 3b represents a device made up of a plane impermeable base 3 and a closed hull 5, the lateral faces of which consist of dihedral planes extending in an inclined fashion on either side of an edge vertex and extending by flattened peripheral edges, while the longitudinal ends 5a, 5b are produced respectively with a male / female profile to be nestable from one module to another.
- the angle of the dihedrons is chosen for example around a value of 90 * so as to give the erosion fluid an upward movement which will slow it down.
- the hull is optionally provided with orifices 7 provided with plugs 8 for introducing a ballast, which may advantageously be of absorbent foam, for example for storing a liquid.
- the 3c represents a module of the device of the present invention, the hull of which is parabolic and has flattened peripheral edges.
- the hull 5 is pierced with orifices 7 allowing the loading of ballast, which can be masked in particular from the inside by a plug or a non-return valve 8.
- the waterproof base 3 is provided at least on its longitudinal edges with a peripheral skirt 12 penetrating into the ground with a depth sufficient to obstruct lateral propagation of the pressures of the erosion fluids under the device.
- the ends 10 and 11 are produced respectively with a male convex and female concave profile so that two modules of the same type can be fitted one inside the other with an at least partial effect of a ball joint and constitute a continuous longitudinal chain.
- a prototype was produced, the overall dimensions of which are: length 60 cm, width 9 cm, height 6 cm with parabolic profile, rigid waterproof convex base 5 mm above the ground upper part placed (not integral) on the lower part average speed of the ambient current loaded with sand (river) 7.5 km / h A complete accretion of sand is obtained (complete covering of the device) in 1 hour.
- the wall of the base 3 of substantially parabolic shape can usefully be thicker in the center than at the edges, so as to obtain a variable rigidity over its width and to allow a faster flexural deformation of the edges by increasing thus the contact of the device with the loose soil under the base surface.
- Ports 7 allow the circulation of the erosion fluid and the sedimentation inside the hollow internal volume of the device.
- FIG. 4b shows a device in which the internal volume located between the lower part 1 and the upper part 2 is partially filled by accretion of ballast 15 (aggregates) and has orifices 7 for filling near the top of the hull 5.
- FIG. 4c shows a one-piece device which can be hollow or solid, and has an upper part 2 and a lower part 1.
- the interior volume is filled in this case by the constituent material (concrete, etc.) of the fixing and attenuation means including the base 3 and the hull 5 respectively.
- the underside of the impermeable base 3 is subjected to a first hydrostatic pressure in depression relative to a second pressure hydrostatic applied under the effect of erosion fluids, on the upper face of the base 3 and / or on the hull 5.
- FIG. 5 illustrates an advantageous embodiment comprising in particular an impermeable base 3 and a hull 5 provided with a longitudinal recess 5a allowing rapid penetration of ballast, erosion fluids, natural sediment or the introduction by adaptation of a traditional retarder in geotextile material.
- FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment of the device comprising blind cavities 18 formed on the side wall at the lower part of the hull 5, extending on the peripheral edges.
- the cavities 18 receive anchoring members 9 added and adapted to overflow from the peripheral edge and sink into the ground. These cavities can also be used for handling the device.
- Figure 7 in association with Figure 3c, shows the method of assembling the modular devices of the invention in two directions.
- the female end 11 has cheeks 14 formed by extensions of the hull 5 which come to marry the lateral flanks of the hull 5 of a module of the same type to constitute an assembly of generally continuous shape in side chain.
- the male end 10 with a convex and / or projecting profile fits into the female end 11 with a concave and / or tucked-in profile.
- the device once placed on the ground or embedded in the ground cannot move vertically or laterally under the action of erosion fluids, or float in the ambient fluid thanks to the lower part 1, which is provided with means for fixing to the ground consisting of the base 3 possibly assisted by the anchoring members 9 or the ballast 15 depending on the tearing forces.
- the fixing of the device is reinforced by any means of ballast or anchoring as a function of the respective densities of the device and of the erosion fluid as well as of the energy of said fluid in the working area.
- the base 3 of the device is subjected, on its lower face to a first hydrostatic pressure which is in depression with respect to the hydrostatic pressure of the ambient erosion fluid due to the impermeability of the base surface which can, for example, be completed laterally by the waterproof skirt 12 penetrating into the ground.
- the erosion fluid for example rain, sea current, tide, wind
- the impermeability of the base surface impedes the communication of this pressure to the ground under the device and accentuates the difference in hydrostatic pressure with respect to the pressure of the erosion fluids on and / or inside the hull.
- the surfaces materialized by the base 3 and the hull 5 thus produce a suction cup effect which presses the device on the ground.
- the base 3 and the skirt 12 are preferably made with an impermeable elastomeric material and the adhesion to the ground can be reinforced by producing reliefs on the underside of said base in the manner of tire treads.
- the device can be made in one piece by rotational molding of polyethylene.
- Optionally reinforced concrete can also be an appropriate material.
- the device of the invention is made so as to resist the efforts of tearing off the erosion fluids, which can reach 12 tonnes per m2 on the shore and 100 kg per m2 in the event of wind erosion.
- the device of the invention can also be used for example to take off the wind from a dune in the course of erosion or to slow down the runoff on a mountainous mining area with open sky, respectively causing the increase of the dune and the elevation of the relief.
- the large span of the base surface allows its bending and the contact of the concave vault with the underlying sediment opposing the sliding or tearing forces .
- the device can be firmly anchored in the ground.
- peripheral edges of the hull 5 are tangent to the horizontal and thus make it possible to reinforce the fixing of the device once embedded in the ground by resisting tearing away by erosion fluids.
- the base 3 is flexible and comprises a solid impermeable canvas flat at rest.
- the hull 5 will be protruding, for example, in shape parabolic, semi-cylindrical, or dihedral and with peripheral edges horizontal or penetrating into the ground.
- the ratio of dimensions between width and height is preferably greater than 1.5 so that the base surface can have a width equal for example to
- the orifices 7 may have a variable section of a few centimeters or square decimetres of regular shape and preferably elongated so that they can be hidden from the inside. Because of its lightness, the device can be used on drop offs of the channel and be suspended by any anchoring fixed in the cavities 18 or in the notches 21.
- the lower part and the upper part are not in one piece, they are then assembled by bolts or by any assembly method compatible with the chemical and mechanical qualities of the material.
Landscapes
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Cleaning Of Streets, Tracks, Or Beaches (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU9193044227A RU2068473C1 (ru) | 1990-11-12 | 1991-11-12 | Устройство управления эрозией грунтов |
DE69126036T DE69126036T2 (de) | 1990-11-12 | 1991-11-12 | Erosionsschutzanordnung |
BR919107081A BR9107081A (pt) | 1990-11-12 | 1991-11-12 | Dispositivo de controle de erosao |
JP4501183A JPH06504101A (ja) | 1990-11-12 | 1991-11-12 | 侵食制御装置 |
EP91920730A EP0557401B1 (fr) | 1990-11-12 | 1991-11-12 | Dispositif de controle de l'erosion |
US08/050,273 US5405217A (en) | 1990-11-12 | 1991-11-12 | Device for erosion control |
NO93931705A NO931705L (no) | 1990-11-12 | 1993-05-11 | Innretning for kontroll av erosjon |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9014008A FR2669052B1 (fr) | 1990-11-12 | 1990-11-12 | Dispositif de lutte contre l'erosion marine. |
FR90/14008 | 1990-11-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1992008848A1 true WO1992008848A1 (fr) | 1992-05-29 |
Family
ID=9402081
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1991/000887 WO1992008848A1 (fr) | 1990-11-12 | 1991-11-12 | Dispositif de controle de l'erosion |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5405217A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0557401B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH06504101A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE152795T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU8931191A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9107081A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2095643A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69126036T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2103833T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2669052B1 (fr) |
HU (1) | HUT68168A (fr) |
NO (1) | NO931705L (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2068473C1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1992008848A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (37)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5833387A (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1998-11-10 | Tackney; David T. | Directional groin |
US5800091A (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 1998-09-01 | Van Romer; Edward W. | Configurable containment system and wall strip |
NL1007013C1 (nl) * | 1997-01-22 | 1998-07-27 | Adriana Bijl | Inrichting voor het vormen van een zandlichaam en werkwijze voor de toepassing daarvan. |
US5895174A (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 1999-04-20 | Beaver; George M. | Beach replenishment system |
US5951202A (en) * | 1997-05-05 | 1999-09-14 | Brown; Gregory Benn | Shoreline erosion-preventing bank installation |
US6048139A (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 2000-04-11 | Donovan, Iii; Murtha Vincent | Arrangement for shoreline construction, maintenance, and protection, and methods for making and using the same |
CA2254790A1 (fr) * | 1998-03-23 | 1999-09-23 | Equipement Industriel Gba Inc. | Barriere pour la prevention d'inondation |
US5948250A (en) * | 1998-04-06 | 1999-09-07 | Basic Concepts, Inc. | Filter berm |
US20040071510A1 (en) * | 1999-03-22 | 2004-04-15 | Megasecur Inc. | Flood control barrier |
US7226240B2 (en) | 2001-07-31 | 2007-06-05 | Tyler Rodney W | Devices, systems, and methods for controlling erosion |
US7452165B2 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2008-11-18 | Tyler Rodney W | Containment systems, methods, and devices |
CA2363429C (fr) * | 2001-11-19 | 2008-02-19 | Arnold J. Janz | Barriere pour le controle des sediments |
US6709199B2 (en) * | 2002-02-23 | 2004-03-23 | Dennis E. Peyton | Sediment control system for fluid containment basins |
WO2004061241A1 (fr) * | 2003-01-02 | 2004-07-22 | Nicolon Corporation | Conduit d'entree d'un recipient fait de geotextiles |
FR2860809B1 (fr) * | 2003-10-08 | 2006-05-26 | Didier Jean Noel Collart | Recif artificiel modulaire transportable en mer par flottaison |
US7008143B1 (en) * | 2004-02-18 | 2006-03-07 | Civil & Environmental Consultants, Inc. | Modified angled silt fence |
US6986624B1 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2006-01-17 | Tabler Ronald D | Porous tubular device and method for controlling windblown particle stabilization deposition and retention |
US20070253785A1 (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2007-11-01 | Tyler Rodney W | Containment systems, methods, and devices |
US20070003369A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-04 | Hanson Robert N | Sediment control wattle |
US9945090B1 (en) | 2007-04-16 | 2018-04-17 | Conwed Plastics Acquisition Company V Llc | System, devices, and/or methods for stabilizing earth |
US8100609B2 (en) * | 2008-02-11 | 2012-01-24 | Ken Wilson | Sediment barrier |
US8777523B2 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2014-07-15 | Nicolon Corporation | Geotextile tube with flat ends |
ES2468192T3 (es) * | 2009-12-29 | 2014-06-16 | Kyowa Co., Ltd. | Método para proteger cables submarinos y tubos largos submarinos |
RU2464378C2 (ru) * | 2011-01-18 | 2012-10-20 | Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Калининградский государственный технический университет" | Устройство для защиты песчаных пляжей от размыва |
US8465230B1 (en) | 2011-01-20 | 2013-06-18 | Paul D. O'Reilly | Silt fence support |
US9068310B2 (en) | 2011-10-25 | 2015-06-30 | Kenneth Wilson | Sediment retention bag |
US9279223B2 (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2016-03-08 | Mario L. Messina | Sand retention system |
US9476185B2 (en) | 2014-04-21 | 2016-10-25 | James Edward Clark | Pond water diversion apparatus for flood control and prevention of castor infestation |
US20170268191A1 (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-21 | Means Precast Co. | Modular shell reef for erosion abatement |
US11795644B2 (en) | 2017-01-27 | 2023-10-24 | Gary E. Abeles | Flood barrier |
US10954641B2 (en) * | 2017-01-27 | 2021-03-23 | Gary E. Abeles | Beach erosion inhibitor |
US11149393B2 (en) | 2017-01-27 | 2021-10-19 | Gary E. Abeles | Beach erosion inhibitor |
CN110382780B (zh) * | 2017-01-27 | 2021-11-23 | 加里·E·阿贝尔 | 海滩侵蚀抑制器 |
US11479930B2 (en) | 2017-01-27 | 2022-10-25 | Gary E. Abeles | Mudslide erosion inhibitor |
US20210340046A1 (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2021-11-04 | Canadian National Railway Company | Device for dewatering and method of making same |
CN114960700B (zh) * | 2022-06-20 | 2023-08-15 | 湖北工业大学 | 一种基于可错动、防开裂、防渗生态基材的膨胀土边坡的生态治理方法 |
US12102067B1 (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2024-10-01 | Reef Arches PHC, LLC | Artifical reef structure |
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WO1981003189A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-10 | 1981-11-12 | O Larsen | Structure-barriere et son procede de production et de pose |
DE3212411A1 (de) * | 1982-04-02 | 1983-10-13 | Beton-Gandlgruber GmbH, 8261 Teising | Wasserdurchlaessiges deckwerk |
GB2160246A (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1985-12-18 | O Hea Adrian Ralph | Protection of surfaces |
EP0308562A1 (fr) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-03-29 | SHIMIZU CONSTRUCTION Co. LTD. | Structure flexible immergée pour amortir des vagues et un procédé pour sa fabrication |
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US331127A (en) * | 1885-11-24 | c goodridge | ||
US954283A (en) * | 1908-01-17 | 1910-04-05 | Frederick W Hawkes | Revetment. |
US2069715A (en) * | 1935-10-29 | 1937-02-02 | Beach Erosion Control Company | Artificial reef |
US3461673A (en) * | 1967-10-23 | 1969-08-19 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Lined pit having wind resistant liner therein and method |
US3733831A (en) * | 1971-03-12 | 1973-05-22 | Gray Tech Ind Inc | Method and apparatus for preventing erosion and for conveying |
US3888209A (en) * | 1973-11-14 | 1975-06-10 | Edmund R Boots | Artificial reef |
US4690585A (en) * | 1985-01-17 | 1987-09-01 | Holmberg Dick L | Erosion control foundation mat and method |
US4830541A (en) * | 1986-05-30 | 1989-05-16 | Shell Offshore Inc. | Suction-type ocean-floor wellhead |
JPH0826529B2 (ja) * | 1986-08-21 | 1996-03-13 | 公隆 近藤 | 異形ケーソンを用いた港湾構造物 |
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-
1990
- 1990-11-12 FR FR9014008A patent/FR2669052B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-11-12 US US08/050,273 patent/US5405217A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-12 DE DE69126036T patent/DE69126036T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-12 CA CA002095643A patent/CA2095643A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1991-11-12 ES ES91920730T patent/ES2103833T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-12 JP JP4501183A patent/JPH06504101A/ja active Pending
- 1991-11-12 RU RU9193044227A patent/RU2068473C1/ru active
- 1991-11-12 AU AU89311/91A patent/AU8931191A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-11-12 BR BR919107081A patent/BR9107081A/pt unknown
- 1991-11-12 EP EP91920730A patent/EP0557401B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-12 AT AT91920730T patent/ATE152795T1/de active
- 1991-11-12 HU HU9301329A patent/HUT68168A/hu unknown
- 1991-11-12 WO PCT/FR1991/000887 patent/WO1992008848A1/fr active IP Right Grant
-
1993
- 1993-05-11 NO NO93931705A patent/NO931705L/no unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1981003189A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-10 | 1981-11-12 | O Larsen | Structure-barriere et son procede de production et de pose |
DE3212411A1 (de) * | 1982-04-02 | 1983-10-13 | Beton-Gandlgruber GmbH, 8261 Teising | Wasserdurchlaessiges deckwerk |
GB2160246A (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1985-12-18 | O Hea Adrian Ralph | Protection of surfaces |
EP0308562A1 (fr) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-03-29 | SHIMIZU CONSTRUCTION Co. LTD. | Structure flexible immergée pour amortir des vagues et un procédé pour sa fabrication |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE152795T1 (de) | 1997-05-15 |
CA2095643A1 (fr) | 1992-05-13 |
FR2669052A1 (fr) | 1992-05-15 |
DE69126036D1 (de) | 1997-06-12 |
BR9107081A (pt) | 1993-11-09 |
AU8931191A (en) | 1992-06-11 |
FR2669052B1 (fr) | 1993-04-02 |
HUT68168A (en) | 1995-05-29 |
EP0557401A1 (fr) | 1993-09-01 |
DE69126036T2 (de) | 1998-01-08 |
ES2103833T3 (es) | 1997-10-01 |
NO931705D0 (no) | 1993-05-11 |
EP0557401B1 (fr) | 1997-05-07 |
JPH06504101A (ja) | 1994-05-12 |
RU2068473C1 (ru) | 1996-10-27 |
HU9301329D0 (en) | 1993-11-29 |
US5405217A (en) | 1995-04-11 |
NO931705L (no) | 1993-05-11 |
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