WO1990015203A1 - Dispositif pour le dessalage electrocinetique de maçonneries - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le dessalage electrocinetique de maçonneries Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990015203A1
WO1990015203A1 PCT/AT1990/000051 AT9000051W WO9015203A1 WO 1990015203 A1 WO1990015203 A1 WO 1990015203A1 AT 9000051 W AT9000051 W AT 9000051W WO 9015203 A1 WO9015203 A1 WO 9015203A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
buffer material
layer
buffer
anode arrangement
arrangement according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT1990/000051
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Steininger
Original Assignee
Steininger Karl Heinz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Steininger Karl Heinz filed Critical Steininger Karl Heinz
Priority to DE9090908410T priority Critical patent/DE59002386D1/de
Priority to AT90908410T priority patent/ATE93291T1/de
Priority to UA4894405A priority patent/UA13472A/uk
Publication of WO1990015203A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990015203A1/fr
Priority to SU914894405A priority patent/RU1834960C/ru
Priority to LV930235A priority patent/LV5314A3/xx

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • E04B1/7007—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents by using electricity, e.g. electro-osmosis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for electrokinetic desalination of masonry consisting of at least one positive, salt-collecting electrode arranged on or in the masonry, which is in contact with a porous, water-containing buffer material, and at least one negative electrode, against which a DC voltage is applied, and an anode assembly for use in such a device.
  • the principle of electrokinetic charge separation and migration of the ions in the electric field by applying a DC voltage is used on an industrial scale e.g. used for seawater desalination.
  • the most common building-damaging salts are sulfates, chlorides and nitrates.
  • the origin of the salts is varied, e.g.
  • Wall salts are mostly hygroscopic and therefore absorb water from the air depending on the air humidity. This increase in volume of the salt crystals causes high hydration pressures, which in turn destroy the porous building material.
  • Electrophysical drying processes based on the principle of electroosmosis in porous masonry can only work if sufficient zeta potential can develop between the pore wall and the electrolyte. Excessive concentrations of soluble salts hinder the formation of this zeta potential and drainage by electroosmosis becomes impossible. For this reason, the walls must be largely desalinated before using electroosmosis.
  • the principle of salt removal from the masonry is based on the use of electrokinetic charge separation.
  • the charge carriers (ions) move in an electric field to the corresponding electrodes and concentrate on or around these electrodes (negative ions, anions migrate to the anode, positive ions, cations migrate to the cathode) .
  • negative ions, anions migrate to the anode, positive ions, cations migrate to the cathode
  • the migration rates depend on the type of ion, its size, and on the external conditions such as pressure, temperature, solvent and concentration and are for
  • Ion transport in masonry is considerably slower, but is still sufficient to desalinate masonry in an acceptable period of time.
  • the known methods for electrokinetic desalination of masonry mostly use metal anodes, which are broken down corrosively and whose liquid corrosion products are removed from the masonry by a plastic channel.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for the electrokinetic desalination of masonry during its operation the disadvantages inherent in the known desalination processes are eliminated.
  • the handling and installation of such a device should be simple and inexpensive, and in particular prefabricated electrodes or electrode arrangements should also be able to be used.
  • the device according to the invention is now characterized in that, apart from the connection ends, the positive electrode is completely surrounded by a layer of the buffer material and that a separator layer is applied to the buffer material layer.
  • the main advantage of this design is that the electrode is optimally protected against excessive corrosion by the buffer material layer, as far as possible, and the arrangement of the separator layer also creates a barrier against the diffusion of the reaction products back into the masonry.
  • the separator layer should lie against the immobilizing buffer material layer at least wherever the masonry is directly adjacent.
  • the invention further relates to an anode arrangement with an electrode in contact with a buffer material for use in such a device for electrokinetic desalination of masonry, the anode arrangement being characterized in that, apart from the connection ends, the electrode is completely surrounded by a layer of the buffer material and in that there is a separator layer on the buffer material layer.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a device according to the invention for electrokinetic desalination of masonry
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 different embodiments of a device according to the invention in a desalination device show usable anode arrangement.
  • FIG. 1 shows a desalination device with a plurality of anodes 2 which are laid in boreholes in the wall 1 and which are wired to one another.
  • the anodes 2 are each completely surrounded by an ion-immobilizing buffer material layer except for their connection ends; this is in turn enclosed by a separator layer, which is directly adjacent to the borehole walls.
  • a DC voltage is applied across a current source 3 to a cathode, in this case a dead rod 4.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically a desalination device in which flat anodes 5 are arranged on the wall 1.
  • the anodes which are completely embedded in ion-immobilizing buffer material except for their terminal ends, are again wired together and connected to a current source 3, a direct voltage being applied to an earth rod 4.
  • the separator layer lying against the buffer material layer is arranged only on the surface facing the wall.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cartridge-shaped anode arrangement 6 which is particularly suitable for laying in drilled holes in the masonry to be desalinated.
  • the core of the anode arrangement is formed by a metal, preferably copper, conductor 7, which is coated with conductive plastic 8.
  • a layer 9 of a buffer material is arranged around this core, which chemically and physically binds the reaction products.
  • the buffer material essentially comprises water, Ca (OH) 2 , CaCO 3 and / or CaO or mixtures thereof, an addition of a gelling agent being advantageous. This has an immobilizing effect and is moisture-retaining, so that there is no risk of the area around the anode drying out.
  • the layer of the buffer material is completely enclosed by a separator layer 10 formed from a microporous membrane, which in the installed state of the anode arrangement adjoins the wall of the borehole in a borehole in the masonry.
  • the anode arrangement 11 is rod-shaped. This arrangement is particularly suitable for laying in wall slots.
  • the electrode 12, which in turn consists of a metal conductor encased in conductive plastic, is surrounded all the way up to its two connection ends by the buffer material layer 13, which is encased on the outside by the separator layer 14. This then adjoins the walls of the anode arrangement in a wall slot in the assembled state.
  • FIG. 5 shows an anode arrangement 16 arranged flat on a wall 15.
  • the electrode 17 formed from a metal conductor sheathed with conductive plastic is embedded in the buffer material layer 18 in the form of serpentine windings which extend over the entire surface of the anode arrangement.
  • the separator layer 19 is arranged on the side of the buffer material layer facing the wall.
  • the anodes can be designed as rod, strip or surface electrodes and consist of metal, graphite, conductive plastic or of metal conductors or graphite fiber conductors coated with such an electrode.
  • the buffer material essentially comprises Water, Ca (OH) 2 , CaCO 3 and / or CaO or mixtures thereof, an addition of a gelling agent being advantageous. This has an immobilizing effect and is moisture-retaining, so that there is no risk of the area around the anode drying out.
  • all commercially available, but preferably agar-agar or carboxymethyl cellulose can be used as the gelling agent.
  • the separator layer immediately adjacent to the masonry when installed serves as a barrier against the diffusion of the reaction products back into the masonry.
  • Such separators are known per se from battery technology. They are microporous membranes which, due to their pore distribution, allow certain ions to pass through, but prevent larger agglomerates from passing through. Ion-selective membranes are also suitable.
  • These membranes consist of: PTFE, asbestos, PVC, PE, PP, plastic-bound and / or glass fiber reinforced cellulose, regenerated cellulose, cellophane or stretched plastic films.
  • the applied DC voltages should be as high as possible to ensure a sufficiently fast ion transport (10 to 50V).
  • stick electrodes were made of copper wires coated with conductive plastic, which were embedded in a mixture of 4% by weight carboxymethyl cellulose and 96% by weight CaCO 3 .
  • These stick electrodes were inserted into the drill holes in the masonry. The holes were drilled in the evaporation zone one meter above the foundation. An iron pipe hammered into the ground served as the counter electrode.
  • the system was operated with a DC voltage of 36 V.
  • the cou Lombard efficiency of the anion (wall salt) conversion at the anode was between 40 and 50%, depending on the degree of salinity and

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif pour le dessalage électrocinétique de maçonneries, cosnsistant en au moins une électrode (2) positive collectrice de sel, disposée sur ou dans la maçonnerie et en contact avec une matière tampon (9) immobilisant les ions, et en au moins une électrode négative (4) à laquelle est appliquée une tension continue, et un ensemble d'anodes avec une électrode en contact avec une matière tampon utilisée dans ledit dispositif, l'électrode positive étant entièrement entourée d'une couche de ladite matière tampon, sauf aux embouts de raccordement, et une couche séparatrice (10) étant appliquée sur la couche de matière tampon.
PCT/AT1990/000051 1989-05-30 1990-05-30 Dispositif pour le dessalage electrocinetique de maçonneries WO1990015203A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9090908410T DE59002386D1 (de) 1989-05-30 1990-05-30 Vorrichtung zur elektrokinetischen entsalzung von mauerwerken.
AT90908410T ATE93291T1 (de) 1989-05-30 1990-05-30 Vorrichtung zur elektrokinetischen entsalzung von mauerwerken.
UA4894405A UA13472A (uk) 1989-05-30 1990-05-30 Пристрій для електрокінетичного знесолювання кам'яних кладок
SU914894405A RU1834960C (ru) 1989-05-30 1991-01-29 Устройство дл электрокинетического обессоливани каменных кладок
LV930235A LV5314A3 (lv) 1989-05-30 1993-04-08 Iekarta akmens kravumu elektrokinetiskai atsajosanai

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0130789A AT394409B (de) 1989-05-30 1989-05-30 Vorrichtung zur elektrokinetischen entsalzung von mauerwerken
ATA1307/89 1989-05-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990015203A1 true WO1990015203A1 (fr) 1990-12-13

Family

ID=3511056

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT1990/000051 WO1990015203A1 (fr) 1989-05-30 1990-05-30 Dispositif pour le dessalage electrocinetique de maçonneries

Country Status (19)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0427840B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT394409B (fr)
CA (1) CA2033167A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ285180B6 (fr)
DD (1) DD294750A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59002386D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0427840T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2044595T3 (fr)
HR (1) HRP921231B1 (fr)
HU (1) HU209897B (fr)
LT (1) LT3290B (fr)
LV (1) LV5314A3 (fr)
PL (1) PL163847B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU1834960C (fr)
SI (1) SI9011062A (fr)
SK (1) SK280162B6 (fr)
UA (1) UA13472A (fr)
WO (1) WO1990015203A1 (fr)
YU (1) YU106290A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993025773A1 (fr) * 1992-06-15 1993-12-23 Ortlieb, Mathieu Procede et dispositif pour eliminer l'humidite des murs d'une construction
US5451677A (en) * 1993-02-09 1995-09-19 Merck & Co., Inc. Substituted phenyl sulfonamides as selective β 3 agonists for the treatment of diabetes and obesity
EP0637344B1 (fr) * 1992-04-24 1998-01-07 Oxford Gene Technology Limited Traitement electrochimique de surfaces
FR2846571A1 (fr) * 2002-11-06 2004-05-07 Francois Chasteau Procede d'assechement par electro-osmose d'un milieu poreux et electrodes pour sa mise en oeuvre

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4235583A1 (de) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-05 Tridelta Ag Anode für die elektroosmotische Sanierung von Bauwerken und Verfahren zum Betrieb solcher Anoden
DE10202764A1 (de) * 2002-01-25 2003-08-07 Fischer Christel Verfahren und Anordnung zum Entfeuchten eines Mauerwerks

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3856646A (en) * 1967-09-19 1974-12-24 D Morarau Methods and electrodes for the drying of damp buildings
FR2346511A1 (fr) * 1976-04-03 1977-10-28 Halle Hoch & Montagebau Veb Agencement pour assecher et maintenir hors de l'eau des constructions
FR2552797A1 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1985-04-05 Bauakademie Ddr Dispositif d'assechement d'un ouvrage de maconnerie endommage par l'humidite
FR2552796A1 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1985-04-05 Bauakademie Ddr Agencement d'electrode pour la demineralisation electrochimique et l'assechement d'ouvrages de maconnerie

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3856646A (en) * 1967-09-19 1974-12-24 D Morarau Methods and electrodes for the drying of damp buildings
FR2346511A1 (fr) * 1976-04-03 1977-10-28 Halle Hoch & Montagebau Veb Agencement pour assecher et maintenir hors de l'eau des constructions
FR2552797A1 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1985-04-05 Bauakademie Ddr Dispositif d'assechement d'un ouvrage de maconnerie endommage par l'humidite
FR2552796A1 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1985-04-05 Bauakademie Ddr Agencement d'electrode pour la demineralisation electrochimique et l'assechement d'ouvrages de maconnerie

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BAUPHYSIK. no. 4, August 1985, BERLIN DE Seiten 105 - 109; P. FRIESE H. BIRKENHOFER: "Elektrochemische Entsalzung von Mauerwerk" *
DEUTSCHE BAUZEITSCHRIFT - DBZ. no. 6, Juni 1980, GUTERSLOH DE Seiten 927 - 950; Hans-W. TENGE: "Electrophysikalische Verfahren zur Mauertrockenlegung, Teil II" siehe Seite 931, Spalte 3, Zeile 70 - Seite 932, Spalte 2, Zeile 24; Figuren 37, -39 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0637344B1 (fr) * 1992-04-24 1998-01-07 Oxford Gene Technology Limited Traitement electrochimique de surfaces
WO1993025773A1 (fr) * 1992-06-15 1993-12-23 Ortlieb, Mathieu Procede et dispositif pour eliminer l'humidite des murs d'une construction
US5451677A (en) * 1993-02-09 1995-09-19 Merck & Co., Inc. Substituted phenyl sulfonamides as selective β 3 agonists for the treatment of diabetes and obesity
FR2846571A1 (fr) * 2002-11-06 2004-05-07 Francois Chasteau Procede d'assechement par electro-osmose d'un milieu poreux et electrodes pour sa mise en oeuvre

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU905208D0 (en) 1992-08-28
ATA130789A (de) 1991-09-15
PL163847B1 (pl) 1994-05-31
UA13472A (uk) 1997-02-28
SK264390A3 (en) 1994-04-06
HUT62357A (en) 1993-04-28
DK0427840T3 (da) 1993-10-11
CA2033167A1 (fr) 1990-12-01
YU106290A (sh) 1994-04-05
LV5314A3 (lv) 1993-10-10
EP0427840A1 (fr) 1991-05-22
EP0427840B1 (fr) 1993-08-18
RU1834960C (ru) 1993-08-15
DE59002386D1 (de) 1993-09-23
DD294750A5 (de) 1991-10-10
ES2044595T3 (es) 1994-01-01
HU209897B (en) 1994-11-28
HRP921231B1 (en) 1999-04-30
ATE93291T1 (de) 1993-09-15
CZ285180B6 (cs) 1999-06-16
SI9011062A (en) 1997-08-31
LT3290B (en) 1995-06-26
LTIP513A (en) 1994-11-25
AT394409B (de) 1992-03-25
CZ264390A3 (cs) 1999-01-13
HRP921231A2 (en) 1995-08-31
SK280162B6 (sk) 1999-09-10

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