WO1989000225A1

WO1989000225A1 - Protection umbrella with at least one protecting element

Info

Publication number: WO1989000225A1
Application number: PCT/EP1988/000561
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bodo Rasch
Original assignee: Bodo Rasch
Priority date: 1987-07-02
Filing date: 1988-06-25
Publication date: 1989-01-12
Also published as: EP0365572B1; DE8717792U1; DE3721830A1; DE3721830C2; EP0365572A1; DE3875735D1

Abstract

In a protection umbrella at least one protecting element (2) has a stretched, funnel-shaped membrane having, in its protection position, a polygonal, in particular square, contour and lying in a minimal rotation surface (12). The protection membrane is located below a membrane holder (6) composed essentially of free-slanding ribs (22) arranged on a supporting mast (4) and can be moved between the protection position and a folded position by a protection driving motor (49) accommodated inside the supporting mast (4). Segmented or plane bodies (55) are installed on the sides of the ribs (22) farthest from the screen membrane (10). When the membrane holder (6) is in the folded position, the segmented or planar bodies (58) surround at least the upper part of the folded protection membrane (10) to form an essentially closed protective sheath (59). The segmented or planar bodies (58) can be provided with solar cells which supply an energy store (52) arranged in a console (5) of the umbrella support (3) so that the protecting element (2) with its independent energy supply can be opened or closed by remote radio-control.

Description

it is expedient if it is formed by solar cells, so that electrical current is generated directly, with which the screen drive is either fed directly, or which is initially stored in an energy storage device, for example an accumulator, and is supplied by the screen drive as required .

Furthermore, the invention relates to a shield which can be designed in particular like the shields described above and in which a protective cover is provided for the closed shielding membrane, which surrounds at least a part of the folded shielding membrane in an envelope layer. So that this protective cover does not have to be kept as a separate part when not in use and has to be put over the folded membrane membrane in a cumbersome manner in use, the protective cover is also in the open position of the shield membrane in a rest position that deviates from the envelope position Umbrella arranged and stored convertible from the rest position into the envelope position. This results in a significant simplification of the handling of the protective cover, which can be moved automatically into the cover position, for example when the shield membrane is closed. The protective sheath could be a part in the rest position separate from the membrane holder, for example in the faceplate, which can be pulled over the faceplate after the faceplate has been closed; However, the protective cover is expediently arranged in individual, cover-wing-like segments directly on the foldable membrane holder in such a way that it is essentially tight with the folded movement of the membrane holder into its folded membrane membrane over at least part of the folded length over the circumference enclosing envelope layer is transferred. These and further features of preferred developments of the invention are apparent from the claims and also from the description and the drawings, the individual features being implemented individually or in groups in the form of subcombinations in one embodiment of the invention and in other areas, and can represent advantageous and protectable versions for which protection is claimed here. Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are explained in more detail below. They are shown in

1 is an inventive screen in a partially sectioned diagonal view,

2 the screen of FIG. 1 in view of an edge of the screen,

3 the screen according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in plan view,

4 the screen according to FIGS. 1 and 2, but in the closed state,

5 is a slightly modified embodiment of a screen in a closed representation,

6 the screen according to FIGS. 1 and 2, but in vertical section and in two functional positions of the membrane holder,

7 shows a detail of FIG. 6 in an enlarged representation, 8 the mast tip of the screen in an enlarged, partially sectioned illustration,

9 is a top view of the upper part of the upper articulation head according to FIG. 8,

10 is a plan view of the lower part of the upper articulation head according to FIG. 8,

11 shows a detail of FIG. 6 in an enlarged representation,

12 the section according to FIG. 11 in cross section,

13 is a spoke arm with a strut of membrane adhesion according to FIG. 6,

14 shows a cross section through the spoke arm according to FIG. 13,

15 shows a further embodiment of a spoke arm with an absorber or protective cover in side view,

16 shows a detail of FIG. 15 in plan view and in an enlarged view,

17 shows a cross section through the spoke arm according to FIG. 15,

18 a pivot point for the shielding membrane in the area of the membrane center, 19 is a top view of the articulation point according to FIG. 18,

20 shows another embodiment of a screen in the open position on the left and closed position on the right,

FIG. 21 shows a part of the screen according to FIG. 20 above in

Top view and below in bottom view,

22 a part of the screen according to FIGS. 20 and 21 in the closed state and in cross section,

23 the membrane holder of a further embodiment of a screen in the right open and left closed position,

24 shows an example of a part of a shield from a plurality of shields in a top view,

FIGS. Two further exemplary embodiments in positions 25 to 26 corresponding to FIG. 24,

27 shows a further embodiment of a screen in a perspective view and in a screen position,

28 the screen according to FIG. 27, but in a partially folded state,

29 the screen according to FIGS. 27 and 28 in the folded position,

30 shows a further embodiment of a screen in a partially sectioned view and in the screen position, 31 the screen according to FIG. 30 in the folded position,

32 the screen according to FIGS. 30 and 31 in recess! age,

33 the screen according to FIG. 32 in view and

34 shows a further embodiment of a screen in a representation corresponding to FIG. 32.

The shield 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 19 is essentially formed by only one shield 2. As an umbrella carrier 3, this essentially has only a single, central, free-standing supporting mast 4 and is to be anchored in the floor with a bracket 5 provided at the lower end. In the area of the uppermost end portion of the supporting mast 4, a membrane holder 6 including the upper end thereof is provided, which is essentially formed by a spei chenformeni linkage 7, which is assigned as the spoke hub of the supporting mast 4. In the area of its outer spoke ends, a screen membrane 10 is fastened to the linkage 7 via membrane stops 8, 9 which act in an approximately punctiform manner.

In the case of linkage 7 projecting transversely or approximately at right angles from the umbrella support 3 or the membrane axis 11 coinciding with its central axis, the umbrella membrane 10 is located in an approximately katenoid-shaped rotation surface 12 which funnel-like downward from the periphery of the umbrella membrane 10 to the membrane center 13 is narrowed and at least approximately represents a minimal area in which essentially the same tensile forces act. The periphery 14 is determined by the connecting straight line between the membrane stops 8, 9 and does not need to coincide directly with the associated membrane edge. - 8th -

The basic shape of the screen membrane 3 is polygonal, for example square, in plan view, a corner stop 8 being provided at each of the corners 16 and at least one, in particular two or more, edge stops 9 and between these being provided on each edge 15 Stops 8, 9 are essentially in a straight line in plan view. According to FIG. 3, the distances between adjacent stops 8, 9 can be the same angular distances from the membrane axis 11 or the same intermediate distances in the region of the edge 15, in the first case the intermediate distances between adjacent edge stops 9 being smaller than their intermediate distances the corner stops 8, while in the second case the angular distances between adjacent edge stops 9 are greater than their angular distances from the respectively adjacent corner stops 8. Since the edge stops have a considerable distance, for example about a quarter smaller, from the membrane axis 11 than the corner stops 8, they are also further inward with respect to the central axis of the rotating surface 12, the slope of the rotating surface following the Stops 8, 9 are chosen as flat as possible, namely approximately at right angles to the membrane axis 11, so that this slope is approximately the same in the area of all stops 8, 9. Nevertheless, the edge stops 9 are slightly offset from the corner stops 8 in the direction of the membrane axis 11 in relation to the funnel tip of the surface 12 of rotation, so that the corner stops 8 are in a common first plane perpendicular to the membrane axis 11 and the Edge stops 9 lie in a correspondingly offset second plane. Depending on how many groups of stops with different radial distances from the membrane axis 11 are provided, these are in a corresponding number of different planes. Between adjacent stops 8, 9, the associated rige, prestressed edge portion of the screen membrane 10 in plan view not straight, but slightly concave protruding arc-shaped.

3 in a axial plane of the membrane axis 11 is a radial tension cable 17 to the membrane center 13, which is provided close to one another at a distance from the screen membrane 10 and can be connected to it via transverse intermediate members However, it is also expedient in the surface of rotation or is structurally integrated in the screen membrane 10. The screen membrane 10 is expediently made as a cut from approximately acute triangular segments which each cover a field between two adjacent stops 8, 9 and the membrane axis and are connected to one another at their mutually adjacent edges by seams which are opposite to each other form the other membrane areas reinforced strip-shaped zones. These zones can be provided in a simple manner as Radi al tensioning trains 17. A corresponding edge tension cable 18, which is continuous over the circumference of the screen membrane 10, is provided on the edges 15 of the screen membrane 10, this tension cable 18 also advantageously not being located at a distance from the screen membrane 10 via intermediate members, but in the surface of rotation and practically forms the peripheral edge of the screen membrane 10. The edge tensioning cable 18 can be formed, for example, by a band connected to the screen membrane by means of seams, which is pulled in the area of each stop 8, 9 without further fixing by openings of rigid holding plates which are articulated with bolts which are approximately perpendicular to the membrane surface the ends of the linkage 7 are fixed. The associated ends of the radial tension cables 17 are not fixed directly in relation to the linkage in the area of the stops 8, 9 but end in the shielding membrane itself. The ends 19 of the radial tension cables 17 belonging to the membrane center 13 end likewise in the screen membrane 10, which has a membrane opening 21 which is approximately the same axis as the membrane axis 11 and is approximately circular in the center. From the edge of the membrane membrane 10 which delimits this membrane opening 21, end-tension cables 20 extend in the direction of the funnel tip of the rotating surface 12, the ends of which are distant from the membrane membrane 10 are fixed in tension against the umbrella carrier 3 or the mast 4. The end tensioning cables 20 lie in a plan view of the shielding membrane 10 between the radial tensioning cables 17 and are offset relative to them about the membrane axis 11 by half a segment division. The end tension cables 20 lying at an acute angle to the membrane axis 11 are progressively widened towards the screen membrane 10 and, with their mutually facing side edges, form curved boundary edges of the screen membrane 10. The end tension cables 20 are easily detachably attached to counterparts of the mast 4, and the membrane opening 21 is large chosen so that it can be removed from the membrane holder 6 when the membrane holder 6 is folded up for dismantling or that the screen membrane can be slipped over the membrane holder for assembly from the top of the mast.

The linkage 7 of the membrane suspension 6 is essentially formed by one of the number of membrane stops 8, 9 equal de number of spoke arms 22 and struts 23, the spoke arms 22 projecting radially in the open position substantially radially to the membrane axis 11 and for transfer into The folded position within the associated axial planes of the membrane axis 11 can be pivoted in the direction of the membrane center 13 such that, in the folded position, they are distributed approximately parallel to the membrane axis 11 around the latter or the supporting mast 4. For this purpose, the inner ends 26 of the spoke arms 22 are mounted on a pivot head 24 of the faceplate 3, this pivot head 24 being expediently provided on the supporting mast 4 in the area of its mast tip 31. The inner end 26 each spoke arm 22 expediently lies approximately parallel to its outer end 27, which has the associated stop 8, 9, which in the open position is provided approximately at right angles to the membrane axis 11 or approximately parallel to the direction of inclination of the peripheral section of the screen membrane 10 held on it, so that only very small bending forces or, above all, only compressive forces act on each spoke arm 22. The inner, much shorter end 26 of each spoke arm 22, which in the folded position, like the outer, much longer end 27, is approximately parallel to the membrane axis 11, is offset in the folded position, corresponding to the outer end 27, to the membrane axis 11 and with the outer end 27 connected in the manner of a bend via a rectilinear intermediate section 32. Each spoke arm 22 is supported with a single strut 23 in the shield position and guided during its folding movement. The inner end

28 of all struts 23 are articulated on a common articulation head 25, which is offset in relation to the articulation head 24 in the direction of the funnel tip of the rotating surface 12 and can be changed in relation to the latter in the direction of the membrane axis 11. The articulation heads provided on the articulation heads 24, 25 lie directly adjacent to the outer periphery of the respective section of the supporting mast 4. The outer ends

29 of the struts 23 are at an obtuse angle to their Hauptab¬ sections and are angled outwards so that the main sections are provided in the folded position of the linkage 7 in the direction of the membrane axis 11 at a distance from the inside of the respective associated outer end 27 of the respective spoke arm 2 and as well as lying approximately parallel to membrane axis 11. As a result, the spoke arms 22 are in a folded state in an enveloping surface which is expanded to accommodate the folded shielding membrane 10 in the region of the outer end sections or ends 27 of the spoke arms 22. The outer ends 29 of the struts 23 are each articulated on the associated spoke arm 22 in an articulation point 30, which is close 25th

is at the pivot head 24 than at the stop 8, 9, the distance of the pivot points 30 from the membrane axis 11 corresponding to approximately one third of the associated distance of the membrane stop 8, 9. In the umbrella position, the articulation points 30 of the longer corner spoke arms 22 associated with the corner stops 8 lie at a somewhat greater radial distance from the membrane axis 11 than the articulation points 30 of the edge spoke arms 22 associated with the edge stop positions 9, while in the folded position all articulation points 30 lie approximately in a common plane perpendicular to the membrane axis 11. For this purpose, the inner ends 28 of the corner struts 22 belonging to the corner spoke arms 22 are provided a few centimeters closer to the imaginary funnel tip of the rotating surface 12 than the corresponding articulation points of the edge struts 23 belonging to the edge spoke arms 22.

The linkage 7 or the associated mast section lies in the umbrella position essentially completely adjacent to the funnel interior of the rotation surface 12, that is to say adjacent to its side of curvature which is convex in cross section and which, in accordance with the embodiment shown, expediently forms the upper and outer side of the umbrella membrane 10 , so that the linkage 7 is provided essentially completely above the umbrella membrane 10, but does not protrude, or protrudes only insignificantly, beyond the plane in which the membrane stops 8 are located. In the downward position, the main sections of the struts 23 as well as the inner ends 26 of the spoke arms 22 lie almost on the outside of the supporting mast 4. In this folded position, the shielding membrane 10 is folded in the area across its circumference, strip-shaped radial zones, in particular in the area of the radial tensioning cables 17, in an axial section so as to form a hairpin-shaped loop in such a way that the loop apex between the ends 26, 27 of the spoke arms 22 is close lie adjacent to the outer ends 29 of the struts 23 and two approximately parallel of each loop apex 13-25 PCT / EP88 / 00561

Tel or at a few degrees of angle to each other diverge loop legs 33, 34, one of which to the membrane periphery 14 or the associated membrane stop 8, 9 and the other to the membrane center or the associated end tension cable 20, which also runs can be in the extension of the associated radial tensioning cable 17. In the folded position, the inner loop leg 34 or the outer loop leg 33 is expediently tensioned so that the screen membrane in the folded position assumes a precisely defined position in this area. For this purpose, a spring-tensioned tension member 35 acts on the claw apex, which extends approximately i extension of the loop legs 33, 34 from the loop apex approximately parallel to the spoke arm 22 towards its inner end 26, at a U provided on the inside of the spoke arm 22 Steering 36 is deflected in approximately the opposite direction and is articulated with its end remote from the screen membrane 10 with the interposition of a tension spring at an articulation point 37 of the associated strut 23. The articulation point 37 is thus provided on a component which, because the articulation point 30 de strut 23 is at a distance from the deflection 36 or between this and the loop apex, performs a relative movement with respect to the deflection 36 in the folding movement of the linkage 7, that the articulation point 37 is in the umbrella position much closer to the deflection 36 and thereby di zone of the tension member 35 of the umbrella membrane 10 is released for deployment. If the associated end of the Zuggli of the 35, for example via a loop, in the radial direction of the screen membrane can be moved over a short distance in the screen membrane, this end of the tension member 35 can align itself with the screen membrane 1 so that both loop legs 33, 34 are equally excited. Due to the outer angled end 29 of the strut 23, the respective loop legs 33, 34 have the associated loop apex between the main section 25th

This strut 23 and the opposite end section of the spoke arm 22 have a receiving space in which they lie essentially without contact with respect to the spoke arm 22 and the strut 23 and cannot be damaged by the linkage 7 during folding. The loop legs 33, 34 can be of substantially the same length, so that in the folded position at least the edge stop 9 lies approximately at the level of the articulation of the screen membrane 10 on the end tension cables 20. The points of attack 38 of the tension members 35 on the screen membrane 10 lie on an intermediate ring around the membrane axis 11, which is provided in the screen position approximately in the middle between the periphery 14 and the membrane center 13. Compared to the attack points 38, the articulation points 30 and the U steering 36 in the shield position are slightly offset toward the membrane axis 11, the articulation points 30 being provided in the region of the outer ends of the intermediate sections 32.

Although it is conceivable to arrange the lower articulation head 25 together with the articulation points of the end tensioning cables 20 so as to be movable relative to the visor carrier 3 for folding the visor, the visor membrane 10 is then relatively deep in the folded state. In order that the shielding membrane 10 can also be above the standing height in the folded position with a relatively low overall height of the shield, the upper articulation head 24 is provided on a shaft part 39 which can be moved outward or upward in its folded position on or in the tubular supporting mast 4 in its folded position is stored. This shaft part 39 has at its outer end the mast tip 31 which is provided with a cover cap 40 which is open at the bottom.

The console 5 has a console housing 41 which is open at almost opposite full width on two opposite sides, the upper side of which has a tubular console sleeve 42 fastened to it. The lower end of the supporting mast 4 is inserted into this console sleeve 42 and, for example, also over it Evenly distributed, self-locking clamping wedges secured. In a the lower end of the mast 4 form the bearing sleeve is a lying in the mast axis, rohrörmi ge adjusting spindle 44 with thread, the lower end of which is axially secured in the upper wall of the console housing and is accessible from the inside of the console housing 41 for turning. By turning the adjusting spindle 44, the height of the mast 4 and thus the membrane holder 6 relative to the console 5 can be changed. The lower end of the console housing 41 is detachably attached to a base plate which can be easily detachably fastened by means of stud bolts 47 which are anchored in the floor, in a building ceiling or the like, by means of stud bolts 47, which are also anchored in the floor or the like Push through the base 46 and the base plate 45. As a result, the screen 1 can be easily removed as a whole so that no parts protruding from the top of the floor or ceiling remain, one possibly in the floor or the like. intended receiving opening for the support base 46 can then be closed with a blank cover. The console 5 is covered by an upwardly degressively tapered cover sleeve 48, which extends from the top of the floor to the console sleeve 42 to the circumference of the supporting mast 4 and can be pushed upwards along it so that the console 5 is completely exposed or the console housing 41 is easily accessible.

To transfer the membrane holder 6 or the shielding membrane 10 between the shielding and the folded position, a shielding drive 49 is provided, which is expediently essentially completely concealed within the supporting mast 4. The screen drive 49 can be designed, for example, hydraulically or pneumatically, in which case it then has, for example, a working cylinder, the piston rod of which acts directly on the shaft part 39. In the illustrated embodiment The shield drive 49 has an electric motor 50 designed as a spindle motor, which lies in the lower end of the supporting mast and drives a threaded spindle 51 connected to its upper end, for example a telescopic spindle, the upper end of which is connected to the lower end of the shaft part 39 is connected and extends it from the outer tube of the mast 4 or pulls it into this. The KonsoTengehäuse 41 is intended for receiving at least one energy storage 52, for example two stacked batteries, via which the screen drive 49 ge can be fed. The energy store could, in particular if the screen drive is at least partially designed as a fluid drive, also contain a pressure store or the like. The storage capacity of the energy store 52 is expediently at least so large that it is at least for a folding process when fully charged Membrane holder 6 is sufficient, so that in any case, even if an external energy source fails, it is ensured that the screen can be transferred to its protected resting position.

Although the screen, possibly with other screens of the same type, can also be operated or switched on and off via an external energy supply, it is particularly expedient if it can be operated wirelessly via a radio control. For this purpose, it expediently has a radio antenna 53 provided on the mast tip and a radio receiving part 54 and an amplifier part 55 associated therewith, which can be provided in a simple manner in a space-saving manner under the cover cap 40 and expediently via electrical lines with the screen drive 49 or an associated one Switching element are connected, which are laid in the shaft part 39 and the mast 4. 5 ^{* ''} ~ PCT. EP88 / 0056.

At least one light energy absorber 56, which serves to supply energy to the screen drive 49, is further provided according to the invention for the described screen or a different type of screen. Depending on the power ratio, the absorber 56 can feed the screen drive 49 directly and / or be connected to the energy store 52 for energy charging, it being conceivable in the case of a fluid drive that an oscillating armature pump or the like driven by the absorbed energy is conceivable. is provided, via which a pressure accumulator is charged. The absorber 56 can be provided on the supporting mast 4, above the umbrella membrane 10, for example in the region of the extended mast tip, outside the periphery 14 of the umbrella membrane or at another location. A particularly advantageous embodiment results, however, if the absorber 56 is provided in the area, but without contact, with respect to the screen membrane 10, for example in a plane in which the membrane stops 8 are also located. The absorber 56 expediently extends approximately bi to the faceplate 3 or to the articulation head 24, but has a smaller radial extension than the shielding membrane 10 with respect to the membrane axis 11. It is particularly expedient if the absorber 56 is directly on the membrane holder 6 or its Linkage 7 is fixed rigidly, so that no separate support is required. When the membrane holder 6 is foldable, the absorber 56 is expediently subdivided into individual, segment-like, identical absorber parts 57 which lie radially like the membrane axis 11 and are provided in a number corresponding to the number of spoke arms 22. The absorber parts 57 are provided in the form of solar cells lying one behind the other radially to the membrane axis 1, which are sunk or arranged essentially flush in flat bodies 58 which are widened radially outward. In the folded position according to FIG. 4, these surface bodies 58 form the membrane holder and the screen membrane 10 on the associated part of the length or height essentially tightly enclosing, at the cap 40 is substantially sealed ^"subsequent protective sleeve 59, which in the illustrated Ausfüh¬ approximately example to slightly below the described continuous over the circumference of the loop apex of the gefalte¬ th screen membrane 10 is sufficient. The sheet 58 can be mixed with their longitudinal edges substantially blunt 5, the surface bodies 58a overlap one another with their longitudinal edges, the surface body 58a provided on a corner spoke arm 22a preferably overlap the two surface bodies which are adjacent on both sides, otherwise in FIG for corresponding parts the same reference numerals as in the other figures, but with the index "a" are used. The folded screen membrane is indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 5. The surface body 58 and the absorber parts 57 are each symme¬ in the illustrated embodiment to Axia live the associated spoke arm directly bar on its top facing away from the screen membrane 10 so that they follow its angled course and extend from the inner ends 26 via the intermediate sections 32 to the ends 27 associated with the outer end sections correspondingly angled. The flat body 58 therefore lies in the above-mentioned, widened envelope surface when the screen is folded. The inner ends 60 of the flat bodies 58 are cranked upward with respect to the shielding layer and grip under the cover cap 40 in the region of its lower edge in such a way that, when folded, they approximately engage in the cover cap 40 upwards connect the inner circumference and so form a continuation of the upwardly approximately frustoconical tapered cap 40

As shown in FIG. 5, the protective cover 59 according to the invention can also be provided independently of the absorber or can be assigned a shield which is designed completely differently from the described shield. It is also conceivable that Protective cover should be provided so that it only covers the folded shield membrane, but not the membrane holder, for which purpose, for example, the surface bodies could be attached to the inside or undersides of the spoke arms. Furthermore, the spoke arms themselves could be designed directly as, for example, hollow segment profiles of the protective cover or could have segment webs of the protective cover protruding laterally from them. The surface 58 can also be easily detachably attached and thereby be exchangeable at any time. As a result of the design described, the absorber 56 also absorbs light or heat energy when the screen is closed.

In FIGS. 8 to 10, the upper link head 24, which is provided as a mounting bracket, can be seen more clearly, which essentially consists of a lower and an upper bearing flange

61, 62 exists. The lower bearing flange 61 is inserted into the shaft part 39 with a socket attachment and fastened directly to the latter. On a star collar projecting radially above the shaft part 39, the flange part 61 has groove-shaped bearing openings approximately tangential to a circle around the membrane axis, into which the spoke arms 22 are inserted from above with bearing pins provided at their inner ends 26 and projecting laterally can that the inner ends 26 engage between two adjacent star arms. With corresponding star arms of the bearing flange

62, which is placed on the bearing flange 61, the bearing openings are then covered on their open upper sides, so that the bearing bolts 63 are secured. The upper bearing flange 62 has an end wall closing the shaft part 39, to which the cover cap 40 is fastened with a vertical, central threaded bolt 64, which also has the radio antenna 53 at its upper end and the receiving and amplifier parts on a console within the cover cap 40 54, 55 carries. In the end wall of the bearing flange 62 is an eccentric horizontal opening provided for the passage of the electrical lines. 8 the position of a surface body 58 associated with the folded position is indicated by dash-dotted lines.

FIGS. 11 and 12 show the lower articulation head 25, which also forms a mounting bracket. As shown in FIG. 1, the supporting mast 4 or its outer tube is essentially formed over its entire length as a fluted tubular profile with an essentially cylindrical inner cross-section and a regular polygonal outer cross-section, the cross-section of the connecting surfaces between the polygon corners of the outer cross-section a radius of curvature are concavely curved, which is larger than the radius and smaller than the diameter of the outer periphery of the mast 4. The number of polygon corners of the cross section of the supporting mast 4 is, for example, about a quarter smaller than the number of the spoke arms 22, wall zones of smaller and wall zones of greater thickness being formed by the fluted cross section over the circumference. In the region of the wall zones of greater thickness, which lie at the polygon corners, 4 longitudinal guides 65 in the form of grooves are provided on the inner circumference of the supporting mast, into which the shaft part 39 slidably engages guide parts 66, for example longitudinal webs, projecting on its outer circumference, so that the shaft part 39 is guided against rotation with respect to the mast 4. The sleeve-shaped housing of the articulation head 25 also has a fluted inner cross section adapted to the outer cross section of the support mast 4 and a correspondingly enlarged fluted outer cross section suitable division. Encapsulated in the rigidly arranged on the mast 4 housing of the articulation head 25 is a limit switch 6 which can be designed as a contactless magnetic switch and which in the region of the lower end of the shaft part 39 is essentially inside the trigger member 68 in the form of, for example, a permanent magnet. The limit switch 67 and the trigger member 68 can be adjusted relative to one another in their relative direction of movement, the limit switch 67 being arranged on an adjusting spindle 69 which is mounted parallel to the membrane axis in the pivot head 25 and is accessible for actuation from the outside. The limit switch 67 is used to switch off the screen drive 49 at the end of the folding movement, a further limit switch, not shown in more detail, also being provided for switching off at the end of the opening movement and this limit switch either being assigned the same trigger element 68 or another for actuation can. This further limit switch 67 can be provided, for example, in the interior of the mast 4.

As FIGS. 13 and 14 show, the respective spoke arm 22 is composed of two straight, cross-sectionally oval tubular pieces, two end pieces and an intermediate piece, which are lined up by being plugged together and secured in position against one another. One end piece forms the inner end 26, while the intermediate piece has the articulation point 30 and the deflection 36 and forms the angled transition between the intermediate section and the outer end section. The other end piece forms the outer end 27, which supports the membrane stop 8 or 9, and is inserted as a rod into the adjoining tube part 70 in such a way that its longitudinal direction can be changed for adjustment, as a result of which the distance between the membrane stop of the membrane axis 11 is to be set so that the screen membrane 10 has the desired tension in the screen position. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the end rod 71 is spring-loaded to the outside by a compression spring located within the tubular part 70, so that it is adjusted in a self-adjusting manner. However, it is also conceivable to secure the end rod 71, for example with a transverse clamping screw, relative to the tubular part 70. designed to be settable so that it is rigidly fixed in relation to the rest of the spoke arm 22 in the respective adjustment position. At the outer end 27, the end rod 71 has on its underside a threaded bore into which a screw bolt is screwed, which carries the retaining tab 72 for the edge tensioning 18 of the shield membrane 10. The larger cross-section of the elongated cross-section of the spoke arm 22 is provided upright. The strut 23 also consists of a rectilinear tubular part and two end pieces attached to its ends, which form the inner end 28 and the outer, angled end 29.

The arrangement and design of the light energy absorber 56 can be seen even better in FIGS. The absorber 56 or the segment or surface body 58 of the protective cover are at least partially fastened to the membrane holder or to the spoke arm 22 in an easily detachable manner by means of plug-in connections 73, preferably two or more plug bases 74 being attached to the spoke arms 22 over their length , engage in the brackets 75 of the absorber part or the segment body. In the area of the inner end 26, the surface is secured with a screw. The flat body 58 has a flat middle part and edge zones angled at an obtuse angle against the shielding membrane 10 and is also tapered at an acute angle in view of its outer end. The absorber parts 57 are placed one behind the other in a central longitudinal section of the surface 58 and sealed in the area of their edges, the longitudinal section on the inside of the surface 58 being covered by a longitudinal plate which can have ventilation openings for the absorber parts 57 and the clips 75 carries.

To fix the end tension cables 20 with respect to the supporting mast 4, tensioning links 76 are provided, which expediently correspond to the number of polygon corners of the mast cross section Number are articulated on the outside of the mast 4, each in the area of a polygon corner. For this purpose, each Spannlen ker 76 is articulated about a right angled axis to the membrane axis 11 on a bearing piece 77 which is placed with a prismatic receptacle on the associated polygon corner of the mast 4. At its free end associated with the end tensioning cable 20, the tensioning link 76 has a longitudinally slotted piping sleeve for easily detachable mounting of a piping which is provided at the associated end of the end tensioning cable 20. As a result, the shielding membrane 10 can be released not only in the area of the membrane stops 8, 9, but also in the area of the membrane center 13 in a very simple and uncomplicated manner, and after a correspondingly simple removal from the tension members 35, for example via snap hooks, as a whole Abge¬ taken over the folded membrane holder 6. The fluted tubular profile of the supporting mast 4 expediently consists of aluminum, as does the shaft part 39, while the bracket 5 is essentially made of steel as a welded construction.

In FIGS. 20 to 23, the same reference numerals are used for corresponding parts as in the other figures, but in FIGS. 20 to 22 with the index "b" and FIG. 2 with the index "c".

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 20 to 22, at least two, in particular three or more, shell-like or inner segment-shaped segment bodies 58b are provided, which can be designed differently in cross-section or distributed unevenly around the membrane axis 11b, but expediently of the same design and are distributed at equal angles around the membrane axis 11b. In the case of a square or rectangular basic shape of the screen membrane 10b, four segment bodies 58b assigned to the corner regions thereof are expediently provided to form the protective cover 59b, these segment bodies 58 directly formed as load-bearing corner spoke arms and, for example, are connected in an articulated manner on their inner sides to the outer end 29b of the respectively associated strut 23b. The segment bodies 58b thus extend at least approximately in the shield position to the maximum radial extent of the shield membrane to be measured in the area of the corners or even beyond, so that they cover the shield membrane in the folded position over its entire folded length to the outside. The inner ends 26b of the segment bodies 58b- are tapered in width in the view and angled in side view relative to the respectively associated section of the segment body 58b which is essentially rectilinear over the remaining length such that these inner ends 26b in the folded position taper an upper, upwardly acute angle ¬ form the end portion of the protective cover 59b, which connects to the upper end of the upper articulation head 24b or above to the supporting mast 4b. The channel flanks of the respective segment body 58b in the folded position lie at an angle to one another which opens to the membrane axis 11b and which, depending on the number of segment bodies, can be obtuse, right-angled or acute-angled. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the cross-sectional profile of the segment bodies 58b essentially corresponds to a trapezoid open on the base side, so that the protective cover 59b has a polygonal cross-section, but the cross-sectional profile can also be curved. The ends of the channel flanks of the cross-sectional profile are angled inward towards edge webs 78, which are directed approximately against the membrane axis 11b, and bear on these sealing profiles 79, with which adjacent segment bodies 58b lie against one another in the folded position, so that the entire protective cover 59b can be made practically dust-tight. For this purpose, the channel profile is also expediently closed at the free ends of the segment bodies 58b by end walls. For the membrane holder, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, there can also be provided spoke arms 22b which move freely with the membrane and which, although articulated on the upper articulation head 24b, are not inevitably guided via guide links such as the struts 23b, but onto which Pivotal movement is only transmitted via the screen membrane 10b. These spoke arms 22b, which project freely over their entire length and only shear-proof in the area of the membrane stops 9b on the screen membrane 10b or on the tensioning cable 18b, act only as resilient compression rods for radial pressure support of the membrane stops 9b with respect to the supporting mast 4b and can therefore be designed as relatively thin round steel bars with a cross-section that is a multiple smaller than that of the handlebar-guided and in the exemplary embodiment represented by the segment bodies 58b formed spoke arms. The spoke arms 22b can be articulated a short distance below the segment body 58b on the articulation head 24b, in which case three spoke arms 22b are expediently provided for each edge 15b. The open screen membrane is tightened at its periphery in the area of the membrane stops 8b provided at the ends of the segment bodies 58b, expediently by means of a self-adjusting tensioning member 27b which, for example, guides a deflection forming the membrane stop at the associated corner or The edge of the screen membrane 10b has a tension cable fastened, which is fixed in the interior of the segment body 58b with the interposition of a pre-tensioned tension spring. In the area of the membrane stop 9b, the tensioning takes place by means of the spoke arms 22b, which act in the manner of bending spring arms.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 20 to 22, the upper articulation head 24b is rigidly arranged on the supporting mast 4b and, for folding, the lower articulation head 25b is arranged displaceably along the membrane axis 11b. This pivot head 25b, the For example, on the outer circumference of the cross-sectionally quadratic table mast 4b can be slidably mounted in the manner of a sleeve, is rigidly connected via a shaft sleeve 39b to the bearing pieces 77b below it for the end tensioning cables 20b, so that these are moved together with the articulation head 25b become. To fold the screen, the articulation head 25b with the associated parts is moved away from the articulation head 24b until the segment bodies 58b form the protective cover. The parts of the screen membrane lying between the segment bodies 58b can be tensioned or the like. be resiliently biased towards the membrane axis 11b, so that they are surely brought into the protective cover before closing. The screen drive 49b can have, for example, a cable pull lying inside the support mast 4b and guided via an upper deflection, to one strand of which the articulation head 25b is fastened for entrainment and which is driven via a drive located in the console or below it, which is therefore light is accessible outside the screen and can be used for the simultaneous operation of several adjacent screens. The membrane opening 21b can also be delimited between the end tensioning cables 20 by the edges of the screen membrane 10b projecting in the form of an arc.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 23, the membrane holder 6c or its linkage 7c is designed so that it can be shortened in such a way that in the folded position it assumes a smaller fold length or fold height than the radial extent that the linkage 7c or the spoke arms 22c in the umbrella position with respect to the membrane axis 11 exhibit. The fold length is at most about half as large as the radial extension mentioned. Although it is conceivable to achieve this by telescopically shortening the spoke arms 22c, this results in a particularly precise and stable guidance if the respective spoke arm 22c consists of at least two articulated, arm sections 26c, 27c of different lengths exist which ^" connect to one another via a joint 80 parallel to the other associated joints in such a way that they can be pivoted from one another to the folded, stretched umbrella position only in one direction into a folded position in which their in The longitudinal side of the umbrella layer lies opposite one another; the arrangement is expediently such that the free end of the spoke arm 22c formed by the outer arm section 27c in the folded position approximately in the area of the same longitudinal section of the supporting mast 4c as the articulation point of the inner end 28c of the strut 23c The inner arm section 26c is thus shorter, in particular by about half, compared to the outer arm section 27c The arm sections 26c, 27c are guided separately from one another with respect to the umbrella carrier or supporting mast 4c by handlebars or the like , the outer arm portion 27c as the handlebar Strut 23c and the inner arm section 26c is assigned a separate guide link 81 which is articulated with the other guide links 81 in a separate articulation head 82 of the supporting mast 4c and which is considerably shorter than the strut 23c. The articulation heads 24c, 25c are fixed in position, for example via the shaft sleeve 39c, connected to one another and can be moved as a whole in the direction of the membrane axis 11 relative to the articulation head 82; since the membrane holder 6c has a very short fold length in the folded position, the link head 82 can also be provided rigidly on the support mast 4c in this case, while the link heads 24c, 25c are arranged movably on the support mast 4c. However, it is also conceivable to provide the articulation head 82 on a shaft part which can be extended from the rest of the mast so that it carries out at least part of the relative movement with respect to the articulation heads 24c, 25c with respect to the mast 4c. The guide link 81 is inclined in the umbrella position against the strut 23c at a somewhat smaller angle of, for example, approximately 45 ° and approximately in the middle of the length of the inner arm section 26c articulated. The articulation head 82 lies on the side of the articulation head 24c facing away from the articulation head 25c, that is to say above this, v / o when the guide link 81 in the folded position rests approximately parallel to the supporting mast 4 on the outside thereof. In this case, the loops of the folded shield membrane described are between the folded arm sections 26c, 27c. If absorbers and / or protective cover segment bodies are provided, then these are expediently arranged exclusively on the outer arm sections 27c, but they can extend beyond the joints 80 into the area of the inner arm sections 22c, so that they fold upwards in the folded position protrude over the folded joints.

As shown in FIGS. 24 to 26, two or more separate, side-by-side screens can also form a correspondingly larger shield Id or le or If. Expediently, the same, in particular square or rectangular shields 2 are arranged in a grid-like manner in rows and columns next to one another in such a way that they abut each other with the same length of peripheral surfaces, the crosswise or at right angles thereto peripheral edges of adjacent screens are aligned. If, in plan view, the shield is to run on one side over a projecting corner and / or on the other side over a projecting corner according to FIG. 24, screens with a polygonal basic shape deviating from the square or rectangular screen membrane basic shape can be provided in this corner area be that these screen membranes are at the same height as all other screen membranes. These umbrellas can have the same umbrella carriers or membrane holders of the same type as the other umbrellas 2 and differ from them only in terms of the length of their spoke arms and in relation to the peripheral shape of their umbrella membranes, which otherwise have the same surfaces of rotation as the screen membranes 10 de remaining screens 2 are formed. 24 are provided for such a corner area, the corner legs of which are approximately below 45 ° to one another, two identical screens 2g of a pentagonal basic shape of the screen membrane symmetrical in plan view to an axial plane, the plane of symmetry of which lies approximately in the bisector of the corner area; Furthermore, two screens 2h, 2i each with an irregular pentagonal screen membrane basic shape are provided, each of which has three peripheral edges lying at right angles to one another and with a peripheral edge inclined thereto, likewise lying approximately in the bisector of the corner region of the screen Id, such that the Both forms of these screens 2h, 2i mirrors are formed symmetrically to this bisector. Finally, screens 2k are provided with an elongated rectangular umbrella membrane basic shape, the longer peripheral edges of which correspond to the edge dimensions of the screens 2, as is the case for two edges of the screen 2g lying on both sides of the bisector and the edges of the screens 2h, 2i facing away from the bisector the case is. A screen 2g borders with its shortest peripheral edge on the protruding corner edge of the corner area; Along the bisector of the screen, two screens 2h, 2i adjoining each other follow this screen 2g, then the additional screen 2g with the shortest peripheral edge also pointing towards the corner edge, two screens 2k adjoining this screen 2g on both sides of the screen. This is followed in turn by two umbrellas 2h, 2i standing side by side, which can adjoin the projecting corner edge and in turn each have an umbrella 2k adjacent to their opposite sides. All of the screens adjoin each other with peripheral edges of the same length and at the same height so that there is practically complete shielding. Give the edges of the screens 2 an angle! s lie at the mentioned corner angle to the peripheral edges of the screens 2 of the other corner leg. As shown in FIG. 25, screens 2e can also be provided to bridge the corner area, the screen membranes of which are lower or higher than the screens 2 of the corner legs and overlap them in the area of the corner. These screens 2e could be the same screens as the screens 2, but in the exemplary embodiment shown are screens with an elongated rectangular basic shape of their screen membranes, the shorter peripheral edges of which correspond to the edge dimensions of the screens 2. These screens 2e are aligned in plan view or in extension with the screens 2 of one corner leg, so that each screen 2e slightly overlaps a screen 2. The screens 2 of the other corner leg are arranged obliquely to the other corner leg in accordance with the corner angle so that angular gaps between adjacent screen membranes of the screens 2 are covered by the screen membranes of the screens 2e. In the embodiment according to FIG. 25, only one additional screen size is therefore required in addition to the screens 2.

This is also the case in the embodiment according to FIG. 26, in which the shield If has instead of the elongated rectangular shields 2e shields 2f with an approximately circular basic shape of the shielding membranes, but in this case small gaps in the shield If can remain free.

The screen membrane expediently consists of a protective _. and / or water-repellent or UV-resistant plastic. A fabric is particularly advantageous, for example a PTFE fabric, which is highly flexible for crease-free easy foldability. Although a coated design is conceivable, an uncoated membrane material is particularly expedient to achieve a long service life. By pigmenting the plastic or the fabric thread, the light transmittance can be greatly reduced or influenced despite the very small membrane thickness. As the embodiment according to FIGS. 27 to 29 shows, two or more membrane stops 8m or 9m, which are located directly or indirectly adjacent to one another, can thus also move transversely with respect to one another or approximately parallel to the plane of the periphery 14m or tangential to this on the membrane Bracket 6m be arranged so that their distance from each other can be changed in the same position of the membrane holder 6m, provided that the tension of the screen membrane 10 allows this. The membrane stops 8m and 9m, which each belong to one another in this way, are expediently spring-loaded against one another against the direction of extension of the section of the umbrella membrane 10m connecting them, and are connected in such a way that they move or expand against this spring force in such a way that they are automatically moved away from each other when opening the Me bran holder 6m or when tightening the screen membrane 10m until the connecting section of the screen membrane 10m is tightened or tensioned to approximately the same extent as the adjacent sections. The connection is expediently made directly through these two adjacent sections of the screen membrane 10m, which pull the membrane stops 8m and 9m between them apart against the spring force and when the screen 2m is closed, the two membrane stops located between them Release 8m or 9m in such a way that they gradually and continuously approach each other by folding the segment of the screen membrane 10m between them. The two membrane stops 8m and 9m, each of which can be moved relative to one another in an approximately directly adjacent fold position, are expediently both oppositely and simultaneously movable relative to the remaining membrane holder 6m, although it is also conceivable to use only one of two to store adjacent membrane stops transversely relative to the remaining membrane holder 6m and to provide the other membrane stop immovably in this sense. Furthermore, to achieve the above-mentioned transverse movement, a displaceable mounting of the membrane stops is conceivable, but there is a much simpler design if the membrane stops 8m and 9m are pivotally movable with respect to the transverse movement or are supported by resilient bending deformation of spring arms . The transverse joint axes 8 of the transverse joints 84 provided for this purpose are expediently provided approximately parallel to the membrane axis lim or approximately at right angles to the plane of the periphery 14m of the shielding membrane 10m approximately in the middle between this periphery 14m and the membrane axis li, whereby they are slightly offset from the outside relative to this center could be. In these transverse joints 84, swivel arms 83 are mounted, which form angled or V-shaped fork-like end sections of the respective associated spoke arm 22m in the shield position, while in the folded position with their mutually facing side surfaces they are essentially folded together so that they are rectilinear Form continuation of the respective associated spoke arm 22m.

It is conceivable to arrange only two membrane stops or only a pair of such stops or more pairs, but fewer than a total of membrane stops, on a screen in the manner described in a transversely movable manner, for example only those along the edges 15m or only the membrane stops 9m or 8m provided in corner areas 16m of the screen membrane 10m can be transversely movable. In the exemplary embodiment shown, all membrane stops are movable in the manner described, in pairs in such a way that a central section of each edge 15m has two mutually associated membrane stops 9m, only a single further one adjacent to their sides facing away from one another Membrane stop is 8m, which also forms a membrane stop of the associated corner area 16m. Since each corner area is 16m apart by two membrane Stops 8m is determined, there is a periphene for the screen membrane 10m in the manner of bevelled corners. Through the described design, at least two membrane stops 8m and 9m, which are at a distance from one another, can be formed by a single spoke arm 22m, so that the total number of spoke arms can be significantly reduced and the compactness of the screen in the folded position can thereby be increased. In the exemplary embodiment shown, only a single spoke arm 22m is required for each edge 15m and for each corner region 16m, so that with a rectangular basic shape of the shielding membrane 10m, significantly fewer than twelve, for example only eight, spoke arms are required.

If the transverse joint axes 85 belonging to the edges 15m or the corner regions 16m have substantially the same distances from the membrane axis lim and, for example, if all transverse joint axes 85 lie in a common circular ring around the membrane axis lim, then the swivel arms 83 are the corner regions 16m appropriately longer than those of the edges 15m. The acute-angled spreading angle between associated swivel arms 83 is expediently in the shield position between 75 and 30 °, preferably around 65 ° in the region of the edges 15m and around 45 ° in the corner regions 16m, so that the smaller spreading angle in the corner regions the distance between associated membrane stops 8m is approximately the same as in the area of the edges 15m. In contrast, the distance between separate membrane stops 8m, 9m is also of approximately the same size, so that all the distances between adjacent membrane stops can be approximately the same size over the circumference of the screen membrane 10m. The respective transverse joint axis 85 is located radially outside approximately the same distance from the articulation point 30m of the associated strut 23m as the associated articulation 80m is radially inward from this articulation point 30m. The transverse joints 84 are expediently provided in a joint head at the radially outer end of the respective associated spoke arm 22m which is articulated directly on the articulation head 24m and is foldable in the joint 80m. A common pivot axis can be provided for the two mutually associated membrane stops 8m and 9m, or transverse joint axes 85 and transverse joints 84 can be provided immediately adjacent to one another, the two mutually associated transverse joint axes 85 being parallel to one another or under a shielding position top or bottom opening acute angles to each other can be provided; at an appropriate angle, they can also lie in the umbrella position to the membrane axis lim. The spring force mentioned is expediently applied by mechanical springs which can lie in the region of the transverse joints 84 or within the spreading arms and act directly on the swivel arms 83. At least two, in particular adjacent or adjacent articulated spreading arms can, preferably preferably directly and in opposite directions, be connected to one another with the drive, for example via toothed segments which are fastened to them and lie in the transverse joint axes 85 and engage directly with one another, so that a positively controlled synchronous movement results. Otherwise, the same reference numerals are used in FIGS. 27 to 34 for corresponding parts as in the other figures, but with different letter indices.

As FIGS. 28 and 29 also show, for the sake of clarity the flat bodies 58m of the protective sleeve 59m, each in cross section similar to FIG. 22, are approximately trapezoidal in shape, but in that the The number of spoke arms 22m or the flat body 58m is greater than four, in the folded position a corrugated outer shape of the protective cover 59m is formed, which, like a peripheral toothing, forms projections and depressions lying parallel to the central axis.

FIGS. 30 to 33 show a retractable design of the screen 2n, it being conceivable to be able to lower the screen into a position close to the ground even when the screen membrane 10 is open, for example for the purpose of maintenance, cleaning or the like. However, the retractability is particularly provided for the umbrella folded in the closed position so that when it is not in use it protrudes less above the floor or the standing level of the umbrella than in its position of use. For this purpose, the console housing 41n is tubular and designed to accommodate at least the supporting mast 4n, but preferably also at least part of the length of the folded membrane holder 6n and the folded shield membrane lOn, so that it can be telescopically fastened and fastened relative to the standing level. For this purpose, at the lower end of the membrane holder 6n or the supporting mast 4n there is provided a rotor 86 which can be driven by a motor and supplied, for example, by means of the energy store described, the drive elements of which are advantageously not fixed in place relative to the console 5n , but are a component of the umbrella carrier 3n mounted on the supporting mast 4n, with which they run up and down along the housing 41n. For example, the drive elements of the rotor 86 can be rollers distributed over the circumference or revolving tractor belts, each guided via deflections, which are pressed radially outward against the inside of the housing 41n to achieve a sufficiently high frictional engagement or form-fitting with toothings Engage longitudinal teeth on the inside of the housing 41n. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 30 to 33, the housing 41n is extended upward beyond the standing level by a sleeve part 42n, which is shorter than the recessed section and is expediently formed by a separate, detachable component. The folded umbrella can be lowered so far that the lower end of its protective cover 59n connects at least to the upper end of the housing 41n and a lower longitudinal section of a rod 7n engages in the housing 41n to below the standing level. As a result, the dimensionally stable sleeve section 42n with the protective cover 59n in the lowered position forms a continuously dimensionally stable cover for the screen support 3n and the screen membrane 10n, the screen recessed in this way forming a pilon which, for example, can be provided with a light source for illuminating its surroundings .

According to FIG. 34, the screen 2p can be completely retracted, that is, all the way to below the standing level, in the housing 41p, the upper opening of which in the standing level can be closed with a suitable cover or the like, which can also be part of the mast tip .

- -

Expectations

1. Shielding (1) with at least one shield (2), the shield support (3), a shield membrane (10) at least approximately biased in the shield position (FIG. 1) and a membrane holder (6) for fixing membrane holding points (8, 9) of the screen membrane (10) relative to the screen support (3), the membrane stops (8, 9) lying opposite a membrane center (13) closer to a periphery (14) of the screen membrane (10) in a ring are arranged, characterized in that the screen membrane (10) of at least one screen (2) is arranged substantially below the membrane holder (6) and that the membrane stops (8, 9) lie in a ring deviating from the circular shape.

2. Shielding according to claim 1, characterized in that the shielding membrane (10) about a membrane axis (11) substantially in a funnel-like downward to the height-offset membrane center (13) tapered, approximately as a minimum surface formed rotary surface (12), as a catenoid, is that at least three adjacent membrane stops (8, 9) in plan view in essentially lie in a straight line and that preferably at least one group of membrane stops (8 or 9) is provided in a common plane.

3. Shielding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the membrane stops (8, 9) at the corners (16) and edges (15) of a polygon, in particular approximately on a square, that preferably the between the corner stops (8) provided edge stops (9) are arranged approximately one dimension lower than the corner stops (8) corresponding to the associated slope de rotation surface (12) and / or that the intermediate distances between adjacent stops (8 , 9) on at least one polygonal edge (15) are of essentially the same size such that different angular distances between the stops (8, 9) are provided relative to the membrane axis (11).

4. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that from the respective membrane stop (8, 9) to the membrane center (13) approximately in an axial plane of the membrane base area Ra dial dial (17), such as Seam runs in the area of the screen membrane (10), which is attached to an end (19) associated with the membrane center (13) and biased relative to the screen support (3) in such a way that adjacent membrane stops (8, 9) are biased Edge tensioning cable (18) of the screen membrane (10) are connected to one another and that preferably the respective radial tensioning cable (17) ends freely in the area of the associated holding point (8, 9) relative to it.

5. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shielding membrane (10) with the membrane holder (6) against the membrane center (13)

Claims

is designed to be foldable and that the shielding membrane (10) i folded position (FIG. 4), in particular in the area of an intermediate ring lying between the periphery (14) and the membrane center (13) with tension members acting approximately in the area of the radial tension cables (17) ( 35) of the membrane holder (6) is stretched upwards such that at least one of the loop legs (33, 34) formed thereby, with a cross section extending from the intermediate ring to the respective membrane stop (8, 9) or to the membrane center (13) ) is taut at least in the area of the associated tensioning cable (17).

6. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screen support (3) has a particular the membrane center (13) penetrating and at the lower end with a bracket (5) provided single mast (4) and that preferably the position in the screen (Fig. 1) essentially within the membrane surface membrane holder (6) has a linkage (7) with star-shaped freely projecting spoke arms (22), in the region of their outer ends (27) the membrane holding points (8, 9 ) and which are supported in particular by means of struts (23) with respect to the umbrella carrier (3), the outer ends (29) of the spoke arms (22) in the folded position (FIG. 4) of which are angled outwards, with their articulation points (30) the spoke arms (22) in the folded position (Fig. 4) in particular approximately at the same height

1 iegen.

7. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the membrane holder (6) or the linkage (7) has two superimposed support bracket (24, 25), of which at least one, in particular the upper one, relative to the screen support (3) Movable for folding, preferably on a telescopically extendable shaft part (39) of the supporting mast (4).

8. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the folded position (Fig. 4) from the membrane axis (11) facing away from the outside of the membrane holder (6) lie in an envelope surface, each downward, in particular by at least one bend Spoke arm (22) is expanded, preferably an upper shorter and a lower longer end section (26, 27) of the respective spoke arm (22) lying approximately parallel to one another and / or the associated strut (23) approximately in the area of the furthest angled bend is articulated.

9. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the articulation points (30) of the struts (23) on the corner spoke arms (22) and on the edge spoke arms (22) of the membrane holder (6) in the shield position (Fig. 1) are at different radial distances from the membrane axis (11) and that the articulation points of the corner struts (23) provided on the faceplate (3) are preferably lower than those of the edge struts (23).

10. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the membrane holder (6c) in the folded position has a shorter folding length than its radial extent in the shielded position, preferably the spoke arms (22c) each having at least one joint (80 ) foldable and in particular the arm section (26c) of the respective spoke arm (22c) adjoining the umbrella carrier (3c) is guided over a further link (81). - - 225 PCT / EP88 / 00561

11. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the membrane holder (6m) for at least two spaced apart, at least approximately adjacent membrane stops (8m, 9m) has transversely movable holders, such as swivel arms (83), which preferably on a common spoke arm (22b) in and against the direction of extension of the section of the edge tensioning cable (18m) connecting it can be expanded against spring force, in particular with its ends facing away from the membrane stops (8m, 9m) lying directly next to one another Cross joints (84) are pivotally mounted about transverse cross-joint axes (85) which are approximately vertical in the shield position between an acute-angled spreading position and an essentially adjacent folding position.

12. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one group of membrane stops (8 or 9) arranged transversely to the periphery (14) of the shielding membrane (10) adjustable, in particular on longitudinally adjustable resilient or lockable end pieces ( 27) of the spoke arms (22) are provided.

13. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the membrane center (13) is delimited by a membrane opening (21) with which the screen membrane (10) preferably from above via the membrane holder (6) in the folded position (FIG. 4) ) can be touched and which is delimited in particular between the radial tensioning cables (17) by concave edges of the screen membrane (10).

14. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screen support (3) or the supporting mast (4) by a fluted tubular profile in particular 225 PCT / EP88 / 00561

which is made of aluminum, which alternately forms thicker and thinner wall zones and preferably has guides (65) for the shaft part (39) in the region of the thicker wall zones, a downward-widening, in particular on the lower end of the faceplate (3), the cover sleeve (48) covering the console (5) is slidably mounted.

15. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screen support (3) is easily detachably attached to a support base (46), in particular a base plate (45) provided on the underside of the console (5) with through-openings for stud bolts (47).

16. Shielding, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a motorized screen drive (49), such as an electric motor, a working cylinder or the like, for transferring the screen in at least two layers, in particular for moving the mem ¬ branch bracket (6) between the folded position (Fig. 4) and the shield position (Fig. 1) is provided and that the umbrella drive (49) is preferably arranged substantially entirely within the umbrella carrier (3), in particular within the umbrella carrier (3) or the console (5) at least one energy store (52), such as an accumulator, a pressure store or the like, is provided, which is possibly fed via at least one light energy absorber (56) located in the area of the screen membrane and its capacity is designed for at least one folding operation of the membrane holder (6).

17. Shielding according to claim 16, characterized in that the absorber (56) on the outside or top of the shielding membrane (10), in particular in the region 225 PCT / EP88 / 00561

Spoke arms (22) of the linkage (7) of the membrane holder (6) are arranged in a division corresponding to a segment division of the screen membrane (10) around the membrane axis (11) and are preferably formed by solar cells which lead to the periphery (14) of the screen membrane ( 10) widened segment or sheet bodies (58) are provided.

18. Shielding according to claim 16 or 17, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the energy store (52) in the region of the console (5) of the screen support (3), in particular in a console housing (41) and preferably arranged over the sliding cover sleeve (48) is accessible.

19. Shielding according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the shield drive (49) is designed radio-operable, preferably a receiving and an amplifier part (54, 55) are provided, which under one on a mast tip (31) provided covering cap (40) are arranged, from which in particular electrical lines to the energy store (52) or to the screen drive (49) are laid within the screen support (3).

20. Shielding, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a protective cover (59) is provided for the closed shielding membrane, which covers at least a part of the folded shielding membrane (10) in an envelope layer (FIG. 4 ) surrounds and is also arranged in the shield position (FIG. 3) of the shield membrane (10) in a rest position deviating from the envelope position on the shield (1) and is mounted such that it can be transferred from the rest position into the envelope position. 4 4 0225 PCT / EP88 / 00561

21. Shielding according to claim 20, characterized in that the protective sheath (59) coupled to the shielding membrane (10) coupled from the rest position to the sheathing position and preferably arranged on the foldable membrane holder (6) or on the spoke arms (22) arranged and / or structurally combined with the absorber (56).

22. Shielding according to claim 20 or 21, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the protective sheath (59b) is formed by individual, around the membrane axis (11b) distributed segment body (58b), which in particular in one of the segmentation of the shielding membrane (10b) are arranged in a corresponding division and are formed in a groove-like manner, the segment bodies (58b) in the enveloping position being at least substantially abutting one another with their longitudinal edges (78).

23. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of shields (2, 2g, 2h, 2i, 2k), in particular with essentially the same shield carriers (3) and shield membranes lying in the same rotating surfaces (12), are arranged side by side, that essentially the same length polygonal edges (15) of adjacent screen membranes lie directly next to each other and that preferably in corner areas of a limiting edge of the screen (ld) which is angular in plan view, screens with pentagonal and / or oblong rectangular screen membranes lying at approximately the same height essentially are arranged cohesively.

24. Shielding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screen support (3) is vertically adjustable and lockable on the console (5) angeord¬ net, in particular via a at the lower end of the Trag¬ mast (4) provided tubular adjusting spindle ( 44) and 45 25 PCT / EP88 / 00561

tension wedges (43) engaging in a bracket sleeve (42) which receives the lower mast end are connected to the bracket (5) so that they can be changed in position and detachably.

25. Shielding, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one shield (2n, 2p), in particular in the folded position, at least partially in a housing (41n, 41p) or the like. designed to be retractable and preferably the bracket (5n) is formed by a tube which is closely matched to the outer circumference of the folded screen (2n) and is dimensionally stable and at least a greater part of its length than the standing level of the screen (2n) in the position of use, A motorized drive, in particular in the area of the lower end of the supporting mast (4n, 4p), is provided for the countersink, in particular a tractor-like rotor (86), to which the inner surface of the housing (41n, 41p) is assigned as a carriageway.

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