USRE48844E1 - Liquid crystal display apparatus - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
USRE48844E1
USRE48844E1 US16/923,570 US200716923570A USRE48844E US RE48844 E1 USRE48844 E1 US RE48844E1 US 200716923570 A US200716923570 A US 200716923570A US RE48844 E USRE48844 E US RE48844E
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United States
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
crystal display
display panel
condenser
display apparatus
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US16/923,570
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English (en)
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Kiyohiro Kimura
Makoto Aoki
Jun Sasaki
Toru Abiko
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Saturn Licensing LLC
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Saturn Licensing LLC
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Priority to US16/923,570 priority Critical patent/USRE48844E1/en
Assigned to SATURN LICENSING LLC reassignment SATURN LICENSING LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SONY CORPORATION
Assigned to SONY CORPORATION reassignment SONY CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AOKI, MAKOTO, ABIKO, TORU, SASAKI, JUN, KIMURA, KIYOHIRO
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display apparatus including a light-transmissive condenser sheet, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display apparatus including a first condenser sheet and a second condenser sheet that are arranged in a stack.
  • Liquid crystal display (LCD) apparatuses have a lower power consumption and can be made smaller and thinner than cathode-ray-tube (CRT) apparatuses.
  • CTR cathode-ray-tube
  • various sizes of liquid crystal display apparatuses are widely used, ranging from small apparatuses such as mobile phones and digital cameras to large apparatuses such as large liquid crystal televisions.
  • Liquid crystal display apparatuses are classified into a transmissive type, a reflective type, and the like.
  • a transmissive liquid crystal display apparatus includes a liquid crystal display panel constituted by a pair of transparent substrates with a liquid crystal layer therebetween and a backlight unit serving as an illumination light source.
  • Backlight units are classified into a direct-lighting type, in which a light source is provided directly under a liquid crystal display panel, and an edge-lighting type.
  • a backlight unit for liquid crystal display apparatuses employs a condenser sheet, such as a prism sheet, a lens sheet, or the like, for orienting light emitted from a light source toward the front.
  • a condenser sheet such as a prism sheet, a lens sheet, or the like
  • a prism sheet includes a number of prisms each having a triangular cross section on a light-output surface thereof.
  • the prism sheet condenses and orients light incident thereon toward the front by refracting and transmitting the incident light through inclined planes of the prisms.
  • an exemplary structure is known in which two prism sheets are arranged in a stack such that respective prism arrays of the two sheets are oriented orthogonally to each other, whereby light spreading in the two directions are efficiently condensed to improve front luminance (refer to Patent Document 1 below).
  • Patent Document 1 PCT Japanese Translation Patent Publication No. 10-506500
  • a contrast pattern may occur due to interference depending on the prism array pitch of a prism sheet and the pixel array pitch of a liquid crystal display panel. In order to prevent the occurrence of such a moiré pattern, it is effective to reduce the prism array pitch.
  • the present invention aims to provide a liquid crystal display apparatus in which occurrence of a moiré pattern can be prevented without largely reducing front luminance.
  • the inventors have found that a liquid crystal display apparatus causing no moiré pattern can be produced, while reduction of front luminance is minimized, by determining the optimum combination of prism array pitches of prism sheets in accordance with the pixel pitch of a liquid crystal display panel.
  • a liquid crystal display apparatus includes a light source, a liquid crystal display panel, and condenser sheets for condensing light emitted from the light source and guiding the light toward the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the condenser sheets include a first condenser sheet in which ridges of a first corrugated structure having a light-condensing characteristic are periodically arranged on one surface the first condenser sheet in a longitudinal direction of the liquid crystal display panel, and a second condenser sheet in which ridges of a second corrugated structure having a light-condensing characteristic are periodically arranged on one surface the of the second condenser sheet in a lateral direction of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • a pixel pitch of the liquid crystal display panel is defined as Pp [ ⁇ m]
  • an array pitch of the first corrugated structure is defined as Px [ ⁇ m]
  • an array pitch of the second corrugated structure is defined as Py [ ⁇ m]
  • ⁇ 50 are satisfied when Pp ⁇ 222;
  • the first and second corrugated structures correspond to prism structures having ridges of a triangular shape in cross section if the condenser sheets are prism sheets. If the condenser sheets are lens sheets, the first and second corrugated structures have ridges of a lens shape, such as an aspheric lens, with a curved cross section.
  • occurrence of a moiré pattern can be prevented without largely reducing front luminance.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the schematic structure of a liquid crystal display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing occurrence of a moiré pattern in various combinations of prism array pitches Px and Py when the pixel pitch is 222 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing occurrence of a moiré pattern in various combinations of prism array pitches Px and Py when the pixel pitch is 144 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing occurrence of a moiré pattern in various combinations of prism array pitches Px and Py when the pixel pitch is 136.5 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing values of front luminance in various combinations of prism array pitches Px and Py.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing an exemplary structure in which a first prism sheet and a second prism sheet are combined together with an adhesive layer therebetween.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing an exemplary combination of a first condenser sheet constituting a prism sheet and a second condenser sheet constituting a lens sheet.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the schematic structure of a liquid crystal display apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal display apparatus 1 in the figure includes a liquid crystal display panel 2 and a backlight unit 3 .
  • the backlight unit 3 includes a surface light source 4 , a first prism sheet 5 , a second prism sheet 6 , and a diffusion plate 7 arranged in that order.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 2 includes pixels arranged in the longitudinal direction (X-direction in FIG. 1 ) and the lateral direction (Y-direction in FIG. 1 ) thereof at a predetermined pitch, and displays a predetermined image on the front surface thereof by controlling the transmittance of light applied from the backlight unit 3 for each of the pixels.
  • the image displayed is a color image but not limited thereto, of course.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 2 includes a liquid crystal cell constituted by a pair of transparent substrates facing each other with a liquid crystal layer provided therebetween, a pair of polarizing plates sandwiching the liquid crystal cell, and the like.
  • the liquid crystal material constituting the liquid crystal layer is not particularly limited but is appropriately selected according to the method for driving liquid crystal, such as the TN method, the VA method, or the like.
  • the surface light source 4 is either a direct-lighting type in which a plurality of light sources are disposed on a surface or an edge-lighting type in which a light-guiding plate is used.
  • the surface light source 4 irradiates the entire back surface of the liquid crystal display panel 2 with backlight.
  • linear light sources such as fluorescent tubes or point light sources such as light-emitting diodes are used.
  • the first and second prism sheets 5 and 6 serve as “condenser sheets” of the invention for condensing light emitted from the surface light source 4 toward the front (in the Z-direction) so as to improve front luminance.
  • the diffusion plate 7 is an optically functional element for diffusing and delivering the backlight so as to produce uniform luminance.
  • the diffusion plate 7 may be provided between the first prism sheet 5 and the surface light source 4 .
  • Optically functional elements other than the first and second prism sheets 5 , 6 , and the diffusion plate 7 may also be provided, such as a polarization separation element that transmits one polarized component and reflects another polarized component, for example.
  • Each of the first and second prism sheets 5 and 6 is provided with a prism structure having ridges of a triangular shape in cross section on a light-output surface thereof.
  • the prism structure correspond to a “corrugated structure” of the present invention.
  • prisms 5 P are arranged successively at a predetermined pitch in the longitudinal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 2 (the X-direction in FIG. 1 ).
  • prisms 6 P are arranged successively at a predetermined pitch in the lateral direction of the liquid crystal display panel 2 (the Y-direction in FIG. 1 ).
  • cross sections of the prisms 5 P and the prisms 6 P are both isosceles triangles each having a vertex angle of 90°.
  • the first prism sheet 5 condenses light spreading in the X-direction, among the backlight emitted from the surface light source 4 , toward the Z-direction.
  • the second prism sheet 6 condenses light spreading in the Y-direction toward the Z-direction. Since the light spreading in the X- and Y-directions are condensed toward the front (in the Z-direction) by the first and second prism sheets 5 and 6 , front luminance of the liquid crystal display apparatus 1 is more improved than in the case where only one prism sheet is provided.
  • the prism array pitch of the first prism sheet 5 and the prism array pitch of the second prism sheet 6 may be either the same or different. In general, the smaller the prism array pitch is, the lower the resultant front luminance becomes. Moreover, a moiré pattern of interference fringes may occur due to the periodic structures provided on the first and second prism sheets 5 and 6 and the display pixels provided on the liquid crystal display panel 2 . The occurrence of such a moiré pattern can be prevented by reducing the prism array pitches of the first and second prism sheets 5 and 6 . However, if the prism array pitches are excessively reduced, front luminance will be reduced considerably.
  • the liquid crystal display apparatus 1 of this embodiment is configured so that, when the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal display panel 2 is defined as Pp [ ⁇ m], the prism array pitch of the first prism sheet 5 is defined as Px [ ⁇ m], and the prism array pitch of the second prism sheet 6 is defined as Py [ ⁇ m], the following relationships are satisfied: Px ⁇ Pp/(14 ⁇ 0.045Pp), and Py ⁇ Pp/(11.5 ⁇ 0.032Pp) (1)
  • the upper limits of Px and Py are about 55 ⁇ m and 56 ⁇ m, respectively; when the pixel pitch is 144 ⁇ m, the upper limits of Px and Py are about 19 ⁇ m and about 20 ⁇ m, respectively; and when the pixel pitch is 136.5 ⁇ m, the upper limits of Px and Py are about 17 ⁇ m and 19 ⁇ m, respectively.
  • ⁇ 50 are satisfied; in the case of 222>Pp ⁇ 144, Px ⁇ 20, Py ⁇ 20, and
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 show the results of an experiment for checking occurrence of a moiré pattern for each of combinations of the prism array pitches of the first and second prism sheets 5 and 6 when the pixel pitches (Pp) of the liquid crystal display panel 2 are 222 ⁇ m, 144 ⁇ m, and 136.5 ⁇ m, respectively.
  • numbers in the table indicate the value of “Px ⁇ Py”, a symbol “O” indicates that no moiré pattern occurred, and a symbol “x” indicates that a moiré pattern occurred. The occurrence of a moiré pattern was examined visually.
  • the liquid crystal display apparatus 1 causing no moiré pattern can be obtained.
  • FIG. 5 shows exemplary combinations of the prism array pitches Px and Py (50 ⁇ m, 19 ⁇ m, 14 ⁇ m, and 10 ⁇ m) of the first and second prism sheets 5 and 6 and values of front luminance in those combinations.
  • Front luminance is expressed as the measured luminance of light transmitted through the prism sheets 5 and 6 .
  • the ranges of the above-mentioned combinations of the prism pitches Px and Py where no moiré pattern occurred are indicated by rectangles of different lines for the cases of the pixel pitches of 222 ⁇ m, 144 ⁇ m, and 136.5 ⁇ m.
  • the array pitches of the respective prisms 5 P and 6 P on the first and second prism sheets 5 and 6 are determined in accordance with the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal display panel 2 as shown in the expression (1). Accordingly, occurrence of a moiré pattern can be prevented, without largely reducing front luminance of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the combination of the prism sheets 5 and 6 can be optimized and the degree of design flexibility can also be improved.
  • Each of the first and second prism sheets 5 and 6 is configured to have a prism structure on one surface of a base film made of light-transmissive resin such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polycarbonate (PC).
  • the prism structure may be directly formed on the base film by a method such as casting or melt extrusion.
  • a surface having the shape of the prism structure may be formed using an ultraviolet-curable resin material and then be transferred onto the surface of the base film.
  • the prism sheet can be made thinner by configuring the prism structure to be later separable from the base film.
  • the thickness of the prism sheet can be made thinner in the following manner, for example: the thickness of a 50- ⁇ m-pitch prism sheet becomes 50 ⁇ m, the thickness of a 19- ⁇ m-pitch prism sheet becomes 35 ⁇ m, the thickness of a 14- ⁇ m-pitch prism sheet becomes 32 ⁇ m, and the thickness of a 10- ⁇ m-pitch prism sheet becomes 30 ⁇ m.
  • the first and second prism sheets 5 and 6 may be bonded together with an adhesive layer 8 therebetween, as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the adhesive layer 8 is preferably made of a material having a refractive index lower than those of the first and second prism sheets 5 and 6 .
  • the adhesive layer 8 can be formed of an acrylic ultraviolet-curable resin having a refractive index of about 1.3 to 1.4.
  • the liquid crystal display apparatus 1 having an improved front luminance can be obtained by employing two prism sheets including the first and second prism sheets 5 and 6 as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the vertex angle of each of the prisms 5 P of the first prism sheet 5 provided on the lower position and the vertex angle of each of the prisms 6 P of the second prism sheet 6 provided on the upper position are not necessarily the same, but may be different.
  • the vertex angle of each of the prisms 6 P is set larger than that of each of the prisms 5 P, the viewing angle can be widened.
  • the prism array pitch Px of the first prism sheet 5 having the prisms 5 P arranged in the longitudinal direction (X-direction) of the screen may be set to one-third of the prism array pitch Py of the second prism sheet 6 having the prisms 6 P arranged in the lateral direction (Y-direction) of the screen.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an example in which the first condenser sheet is formed of the first prism sheet 5 and the second condenser sheet is formed of a lens sheet 9 .
  • the lens sheet 9 includes a number of cylindrical lenses 9 L each having, for example, an aspheric cross section successively arranged in one direction on a light-output surface thereof.
  • the cylindrical lenses 9 L are arranged in a crosswise direction relative to the direction in which the prisms 5 P are arranged (orthogonal to the direction in which the prisms 5 P are arranged in the figure).
  • the advantages of the invention can be obtained. Further, by placing the lens sheet 9 on the upper position, a liquid crystal display apparatus having a wider viewing angle can be produced. Also when the first and second condenser sheets are both lens sheets, the same advantages as those described above can be obtained.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
US16/923,570 2006-03-29 2007-03-29 Liquid crystal display apparatus Active 2027-09-01 USRE48844E1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/923,570 USRE48844E1 (en) 2006-03-29 2007-03-29 Liquid crystal display apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006090709A JP4923671B2 (ja) 2006-03-29 2006-03-29 液晶表示装置
JPJP2006-090709 2006-03-29
PCT/JP2007/056793 WO2007119584A1 (ja) 2006-03-29 2007-03-29 液晶表示装置
US16/923,570 USRE48844E1 (en) 2006-03-29 2007-03-29 Liquid crystal display apparatus
US11/920,886 US7995158B2 (en) 2006-03-29 2007-03-29 Liquid crystal display apparatus
US201313963267A 2013-08-09 2013-08-09
US201514603284A 2015-01-22 2015-01-22
US201715704925A 2017-09-14 2017-09-14

Publications (1)

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USRE48844E1 true USRE48844E1 (en) 2021-12-07

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US15/704,925 Active 2027-09-01 USRE48143E1 (en) 2006-03-29 2007-03-29 Liquid crystal display apparatus
US14/603,284 Active 2027-09-01 USRE46601E1 (en) 2006-03-29 2007-03-29 Liquid crystal display apparatus
US11/920,886 Ceased US7995158B2 (en) 2006-03-29 2007-03-29 Liquid crystal display apparatus
US16/923,570 Active 2027-09-01 USRE48844E1 (en) 2006-03-29 2007-03-29 Liquid crystal display apparatus

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US15/704,925 Active 2027-09-01 USRE48143E1 (en) 2006-03-29 2007-03-29 Liquid crystal display apparatus
US14/603,284 Active 2027-09-01 USRE46601E1 (en) 2006-03-29 2007-03-29 Liquid crystal display apparatus
US11/920,886 Ceased US7995158B2 (en) 2006-03-29 2007-03-29 Liquid crystal display apparatus

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US (4) USRE48143E1 (ja)
JP (1) JP4923671B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN101326459B (ja)
WO (1) WO2007119584A1 (ja)

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JP5834743B2 (ja) * 2011-10-06 2015-12-24 凸版印刷株式会社 照明装置、ディスプレイ装置、液晶ディスプレイ装置
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USRE48143E1 (en) 2020-08-04
US7995158B2 (en) 2011-08-09
CN101326459B (zh) 2011-05-18
US20090079905A1 (en) 2009-03-26
USRE46601E1 (en) 2017-11-07
CN101326459A (zh) 2008-12-17
JP2007264393A (ja) 2007-10-11

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