US9688661B2 - Substituted pyrroles active as kinases inhibitors - Google Patents

Substituted pyrroles active as kinases inhibitors Download PDF

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US9688661B2
US9688661B2 US14/418,555 US201314418555A US9688661B2 US 9688661 B2 US9688661 B2 US 9688661B2 US 201314418555 A US201314418555 A US 201314418555A US 9688661 B2 US9688661 B2 US 9688661B2
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pyrrole
chloro
compd
phenyl
trifluoromethyl
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Maria Gabriella Brasca
Simona Bindi
Marina Caldarelli
Marcella Nesi
Sten Christian Orrenius
Achille Panzeri
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Nerviano Medical Sciences SRL
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to certain substituted pyrrole compounds, which modulate the activity of protein kinases.
  • the compounds of this invention are therefore useful in treating diseases related to dysregulated kinases activity, for example cancer, cell proliferative disorders, viral infections, immune disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases and bone related diseases.
  • the present invention also provides methods for preparing these compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, and methods of treating diseases utilizing pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds.
  • Protein kinases mediate intracellular signaling by affecting a phosphoryl transfer from a nucleoside triphosphate to a protein acceptor that is involved in a signaling pathway. These phosphorylation events act as molecular on/off switches that can modulate or regulate the target protein's biological function and are ultimately triggered in response to a variety of extracellular and other stimuli.
  • Examples of such stimuli include environmental and chemical stress signals (e.g., osmotic shock, heat shock, ultraviolet radiation, bacterial endotoxin, and H 2 O 2 ), cytokines (e.g., interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-2) and growth factors (e.g., granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and Erythropoietin (EPO)).
  • cytokines e.g., interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-2
  • growth factors e.g., granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and Erythropoietin (EPO)
  • An extracellular stimulus may affect one or more cellular responses related to cell growth, migration, differentiation, secretion of hormones, activation of transcription factors, muscle contraction, glucose metabolism, control of protein synthesis and regulation of the cell
  • PKs protein kinases
  • the enhanced activities of PKs are also implicated in many non-malignant diseases that include, but are not limited to, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, psoriasis, bone diseases, metabolic diseases, neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, allergies and asthma, Alzheimer's disease, and hormone-related diseases. Accordingly, there has been a substantial effort in medicinal chemistry to find protein kinase inhibitors that are effective as therapeutic agents.
  • autoimmune diseases include, but are not limited to, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, psoriasis, bone diseases, metabolic diseases, neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, allergies and asthma, Alzheimer's disease, and hormone-related diseases.
  • inflammatory diseases include, but are not limited to, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, psoriasis, bone diseases, metabolic diseases, neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, allergies and asthma,
  • JAKs are a family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases consisting of JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and TYK2. Whereas JAK1, JAK2 and TYK2 are expressed ubiquitously in mammals, JAK3 is primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells. The JAKs play a crucial role in hematopoietic cytokine and growth factors signaling (Nature 1995, 377: 591-594, Annu. Rev. Immunol. 1998, 16: 293-322) and are critically involved in cell growth, survival, development and differentiation of myeloid and immune cells.
  • JAK/STAT signaling has been implicated in the mediation of many abnormal immune responses such as allergies, asthma, autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, rheumatoid arthritis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis as well as in solid and hematological malignancies like leukemias and lymphomas (Immunol Rev. 2009, 228: 273-287).
  • JAK2 kinase is exclusively involved in the signal transduction mediated by Erythropoietin (EPO), Thrombopoietin (TPO), Growth Hormone (GH), Prolactin (PR) and by cytokines that signal through the common beta chain receptor IL-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-5.
  • EPO Erythropoietin
  • TPO Thrombopoietin
  • GH Growth Hormone
  • PR Prolactin
  • JAK2 together with JAK1 and/or TYK2 are important for the cytokines that signal through gp130 receptors (e.g.
  • JAK3 kinase is primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells and is selectively associated with the common ⁇ chain ( ⁇ c), which is a shared component of the receptors for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21 that are cytokines involved in lymphoid development and function, and homeostasis of the immune system.
  • ⁇ c common ⁇ chain
  • TYK2 is primarily associated with Interferons, IL-12 and IL-23 involved in regulation of Th1 and Th17 cells that play a key role in autoimmune disease. All these growth factors and cytokines are mainly involved in proliferation and differentiation of Myeloid cells, inflammatory response and cancer (Blood. 2009, 114: 1289-1298, Clin Cancer Res. 2006, 12: 6270s-6273s, J Leukoc Biol. 2010, 88: 1145-1156, Eur J Cancer. 2010, 46: 1223-1231, J. Immunol. 2010, 184: 141-147, J. Immunol. 2011, 187: 181-189, Brain 2011, 134: 693-703).
  • STAT Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription proteins
  • JAKs are responsible for transducing a signal from the cell surface to the nucleus through a tyrosine phosphorylation signalling mechanism (J. Immun. 2007, 178:2623-2629, Oncogene 2007, 26: 6724-6737 and Cell Biochem Biophys. 2006, 44: 213-222).
  • JAKs are characterized by 7 distinct JAK homology regions (JH1 to JH7), among these the JH1 regions form the kinase domain and is immediately adjacent to the pseudo-kinase domain (JH2) within the C-terminal half of the protein.
  • JH2 pseudo-kinase domain
  • the function of the pseudo-kinase domain is to negatively regulate the activity of the kinase domain (N. Engl. J. Med 2006, 355: 2452-2466). It should be point out that the majority of JAK activating mutations identified in tumors are in pseudo-kinase domain.
  • JAK2 Valine to Phenylalanine substitution, JAK2-V617F
  • JAK2-V617F Valine to Phenylalanine substitution
  • MPLW515L/K TPO Receptor
  • JAK2 is a suitable target for the development of a MPD specific therapy (Curr. Onc. Reports 2009, 11: 117-124).
  • JAK/STAT pathway has been shown to be activated not only by mutation but also by amplification, translocation, silencing of JAK/STAT pathway inhibitors SOCS proteins and overexpression of cytokines in solid and hematological malignancies like, but not limited to, AML, ALL, Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Diffuse large B cell Lymphoma and Mediastinal large B-Cell Lymphoma, Lung, Prostate, Colon and Breast cancer.
  • JAK3 or TYK2 results in defined clinical disorders, which are also evident in mouse models.
  • a striking phenotype associated with inactivating JAK3 mutations is severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (Science 1995, 270: 797-800, Hum Mutat. 2001, 18: 255-63), whereas mutation of TYK2 results in another primary immunodeficiency termed autosomal recessive hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (Immunity 2006, 25: 745-755).
  • JAK inhibitors in several different diseases such as abnormal immune responses like allergies, asthma, autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, rheumatoid arthritis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis as well as in solid and hematological malignancies like MPD, leukemias and lymphomas.
  • Heteroaryl substituted pyrrolo[2,3-B]pyridines and pyrimidines and their preparation have been disclosed in WO2007/070514.
  • this document discloses several substituted pyrazoles useful in the treatment of diseases related to activity of Janus kinase.
  • substituted pyrroles of formula (I), described below are potent JAK inhibitors and are thus useful in therapy of cancer, cell proliferative disorders, viral infections, immune disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases and bone related diseases.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a substituted pyrrole compound represented by formula (I)
  • Ring W is a pyrrole
  • R1 is an optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl
  • R2 is CN or CONR6R7 wherein R6 and R7 are independently hydrogen or an optionally substituted group selected from straight or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl, straight or branched C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, straight or branched C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-alkyl, aryl, aryl-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-alkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclyl-alkyl, or R6 and R7, taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, may form an optionally substituted 5 to 7 membered heterocyclyl group optionally containing one additional heteroatom selected from N, O and S;
  • R3 is hydrogen, halo or an optionally substituted group selected from straight or branched C 1 -C 6 al
  • the present invention also provides methods of preparing the pyrrole compounds, represented by formula (I), prepared through a process consisting of standard synthetic transformations.
  • the present invention also provides a method for treating diseases caused by and/or associated with a dysregulated protein kinase activity, particularly ABL, ACK1, AKT1, ALK, AUR1, AUR2, BRK, BUB1, CDC7/DBF4, CDK2/CYCA, CHK1, CK2, EEF2K, EGFR1, EphA2, EphB4, ERK2, FAK, FGFR1, FLT3, GSK3beta, Haspin, IGFR1, IKK2, IR, JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, KIT, Lck, Lyn, MAPKAPK2, MELK, MET, MNK2, MPS1, MST4, NEK6, NIM1, P38alpha, PAK4, PDGFR, PDK1, PERK, PIM1, PIM2, PKAalpha, PKCbeta, PLK1, RET, ROS1, SULU1, Syk, TLK2, TRKA, TYK2, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, ZAP70, more particularly JAK family kina
  • a preferred method of the present invention is to treat a disease caused by and/or associated with a dysregulated protein kinase activity selected from the group consisting of cancer, cell proliferative disorders, viral infections, immune-related disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases and bone related diseases.
  • a dysregulated protein kinase activity selected from the group consisting of cancer, cell proliferative disorders, viral infections, immune-related disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases and bone related diseases.
  • carcinoma such as bladder, breast, brain, colon, kidney, liver, lung, including small cell lung cancer, head and neck, esophagus, gall-bladder, ovary, uterine, pancreas, stomach, cervix, thyroid, prostate, and skin, including squamous cell carcinoma
  • hematopoietic tumors of lymphoid lineage including leukaemia, T and B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), including DS-ALL, B-cell lymphoma, T-cell-lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Multiple Myeloma, hairy cell lymphoma, Burkett's lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma; hematopoietic tumors of myeloid lineage, including acute and chronic myelogenous leukemias, acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, my
  • Another preferred method of the present invention is to treat specific types of cell proliferative disorders including but not limited to: benign prostate hyperplasia, psoriasis, vascular smooth cell proliferation associated with atherosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, arthritis, glomerulonephritis and post-surgical stenosis and restenosis.
  • Another preferred method of the present invention is to treat viral infections comprising the prevention of AIDS development in HIV-infected individuals.
  • a preferred method of the present invention is to treat immune-related disorders including but not limited to: transplant rejection, skin disorders like psoriasis, allergies, asthma and autoimmune-mediated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Crohn's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  • RA rheumatoid arthritis
  • SLE systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Crohn's disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  • Another preferred method of the present invention is to treat neurodegenerative disorders including but not limited to: Alzheimer's disease, degenerative nerve diseases, encephalitis, Stroke, Parkinson's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's Disease), Huntington's Disease and Pick's Disease.
  • neurodegenerative disorders including but not limited to: Alzheimer's disease, degenerative nerve diseases, encephalitis, Stroke, Parkinson's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's Disease), Huntington's Disease and Pick's Disease.
  • Another preferred method of the present invention is to treat cardiovascular diseases including but not limited to: atherosclerosis primary or secondary to diabetes, heart attack and stroke.
  • Another preferred method of the present invention is to treat bone loss diseases including but not limited to osteoporosis and bone metastasis.
  • the method of the present invention also provides tumor angiogenesis and metastasis inhibition as well as the treatment of organ transplant rejection and host versus graft disease.
  • the method of the present invention further comprises subjecting the mammal in need thereof to a radiation therapy or chemotherapy regimen in combination with at least one cytostatic or cytotoxic agent.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as defined above, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier and/or diluent.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition of a compound of the formula (I) further comprising one or more chemotherapeutic—e.g. cytostatic or cytotoxic—agents, antibiotic-type agents, alkylating agents, antimetabolite agents, hormonal agents, immunological agents, interferon-type agents, cyclooxygenase inhibitors (e.g. COX-2 inhibitors), matrixmetalloprotease inhibitors, telomerase inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, anti-growth factor receptor agents like anti-HER agents, anti-EGFR agents, anti-Abl, anti-angiogenesis agents (e.g.
  • chemotherapeutic e.g. cytostatic or cytotoxic—agents, antibiotic-type agents, alkylating agents, antimetabolite agents, hormonal agents, immunological agents, interferon-type agents, cyclooxygenase inhibitors (e.g. COX-2 inhibitors), matrixmetalloprotease inhibitors, telomerase inhibitors,
  • angiogenesis inhibitors include farnesyl transferase inhibitors, histone deacetylases inhibitors, ras-raf signal transduction pathway inhibitors, Akt pathway inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, other CDK inhibitors, tubulin binding agents, topoisomerase I inhibitors, topoisomerase II inhibitors, and the like.
  • the present invention further provides an in vitro method for inhibiting JAK family kinase proteins activity which comprises contacting the said protein with an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) as defined above.
  • the invention provides a product or kit comprising a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as defined above, and one or more chemotherapeutic agents, as a combined preparation for simultaneous, separate or sequential use in anticancer therapy.
  • the invention provides a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as defined above, for use as a medicament.
  • the invention provides a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as defined above, for use in a method of treating cancer.
  • the invention provides the use of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as defined above, in the manufacture of a medicament with anticancer activity.
  • the present invention includes all of the hydrates, solvates, complexes, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs, pharmaceutically acceptable bio-precursors, carriers, N-oxides and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of this invention.
  • a metabolite of a compound of the formula (I) is any compound into which this same compound of the formula (I) is converted in vivo, for instance upon administration to a mammal in need thereof.
  • this same derivative may be converted into a variety of compounds, for instance including more soluble derivatives like hydroxylated derivatives, which are easily excreted.
  • any of these hydroxylated derivatives may be regarded as a metabolite of the compounds of the formula (I).
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable prodrug” and “pharmaceutically acceptable bio-precursors” are any covalently bonded compounds, which release in vivo the active parent drug according to the formula (I).
  • prodrug and “pharmaceutically acceptable bio-precursors” as used herein refers to those prodrugs of the compounds of the present invention which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response, and the like, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio, and effective for their intended use, as well as the zwitterionic forms, where possible, of the compounds of the invention.
  • prodrug refers to compounds that are rapidly transformed in vivo to yield the active parent drug, according to formula (I), in vivo, for example by hydrolysis in blood.
  • N-oxides are compounds of the formula (I) wherein nitrogen and oxygen are tethered through a dative bond.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the formula (I) include the acid addition salts with inorganic or organic acids, e.g., nitric, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, perchloric, phosphoric, acetic, trifluoroacetic, propionic, glycolic, fumaric, lactic, oxalic, malonic, malic, maleic, tartaric, citric, benzoic, cinnamic, mandelic, methanesulphonic, isethionic and salicylic acid.
  • inorganic or organic acids e.g., nitric, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, perchloric, phosphoric, acetic, trifluoroacetic, propionic, glycolic, fumaric, lactic, oxalic, malonic, malic, maleic, tartaric, citric, benzoic, cinnamic, mandelic, methanesulphonic, isethionic and sal
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the formula (I) also include the salts with inorganic or organic bases, e.g., alkali or alkaline-earth metals, especially sodium, potassium, calcium, ammonium or magnesium hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates, acyclic or cyclic amines.
  • inorganic or organic bases e.g., alkali or alkaline-earth metals, especially sodium, potassium, calcium, ammonium or magnesium hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates, acyclic or cyclic amines.
  • stereogenic center or another form of an isomeric center is present in a compound of the present invention, all forms of such isomer or isomers, including enantiomers and diastereomers, are intended to be covered herein.
  • Compounds containing a stereogenic center may be used as a racemic mixture, an enantiomerically enriched mixture, or the racemic mixture may be separated using well-known techniques and an individual enantiomer may be used alone. In cases in which compounds have unsaturated carbon-carbon double bonds, both the cis (Z) and trans (E) isomers are within the scope of this invention.
  • each tautomeric form is contemplated as being included within this invention whether existing in equilibrium or predominantly in one form.
  • Ring W is a pyrrole of formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Id) or (Ie)
  • R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined above.
  • aryl refers to a mono-, bi- or poly-carbocyclic hydrocarbon with from 1 to 4 ring systems, optionally further fused or linked to each other by single bonds, wherein at least one of the carbocyclic rings is “aromatic”, wherein the term “aromatic” refers to completely conjugated ⁇ -electron bond system.
  • the aryl ring can be optionally further fused or linked to aromatic and non-aromatic carbocyclic and heterocyclic rings.
  • Non limiting examples of such aryl groups are phenyl, ⁇ - or ⁇ -naphthyl or biphenyl groups.
  • heteroaryl refers to aromatic heterocyclic rings, typically 5- to 8-membered heterocycles with from 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected among N, O or S; the heteroaryl ring can be optionally further fused or linked to aromatic and non-aromatic carbocyclic and heterocyclic rings.
  • heteroaryl groups are, for instance, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrrolyl, phenyl-pyrrolyl, furyl, phenyl-furyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, thienyl, benzothienyl, isoindolinyl, benzoimidazolyl, indazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1-phenyl-1,2,3-triazolyl, 2,3-dihydroindolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothiophenyl, benzopyranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzoxazinyl, 2,3-
  • heterocyclyl also known as “heterocycloalkyl” we intend a 3- to 7-membered, saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring where one or more carbon atoms are replaced by heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur.
  • heterocyclyl groups are, for instance, pyrane, pyrrolidine, pyrroline, imidazoline, imidazolidine, pyrazolidine, pyrazoline, thiazoline, thiazolidine, dihydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolane, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine and the like.
  • straight or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl we intend any of the groups such as, for instance, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, and the like.
  • C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl we intend, unless otherwise provided, 3- to 7-membered all-carbon monocyclic ring, which may contain one or more double bonds but does not have a completely conjugated ⁇ -electron system.
  • cycloalkyl groups without limitation, are cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclopentene, cyclohexane, cyclohexene, cyclohexadiene, cycloeptane, cycloeptene, cycloeptadiene.
  • straight or branched C 2 -C 6 alkenyl we intend any of the groups such as, for instance, vinyl, allyl, 1-propenyl, isopropenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, and the like.
  • straight or branched C 2 -C 6 alkynyl we intend any of the groups such as, for instance, ethynyl, 2-propynyl, 4-pentynyl, and the like.
  • any of the above R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11 and R12 group may be optionally substituted, in any of their free positions, by one or more groups, for instance 1 to 6 groups, independently selected from: halogen atom, nitro, oxo ( ⁇ O), cyano, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, polyfluorinated alkyl, polyfluorinated alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkylamino, hydroxyheterocyclyl, aryl, aryl-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, cycloalky-alkyl, alkyl-aryl, alkyl-heteroaryl, alkyl-heterocyclyl, alkyl-cycloalkyl, alkyl-cycloalky
  • each of the above substituent may be further substituted by one or more of the aforementioned groups.
  • halogen atom we intend a fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atom.
  • polyfluorinated alkyl or alkoxy we intend any of the above straight or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl or alkoxy groups which are substituted by more than one fluorine atom such as, for instance, trifluoromethyl, trifluoroethyl, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropyl, trifluoromethoxy and the like.
  • alkoxy alkoxy
  • cyclyloxy aryloxy
  • heterocyclyloxy any of the above C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl groups linked to the rest of the molecule through an oxygen atom (—O—).
  • any group which name is a composite name such as, for instance, arylamino has to be intended as conventionally construed by the parts from which it derives, e.g. by an amino group which is further substituted by aryl, wherein aryl is as above defined.
  • any of the terms such as, for instance, alkylthio, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylamino, heterocyclylcarbonyl, heterocyclylcarbonylamino, cycloalkyloxycarbonyl and the like, include groups wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl moieties are as above defined.
  • a compound of the formula (I) is characterized in that Ring W is a substituted pyrrole of the formula (Ia), (Ib) or (Id):
  • R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined above.
  • a compound of the formula (I) is characterized in that R1 is optionally substituted aryl and W, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined above.
  • R1 is optionally substituted heteroaryl and W, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined above.
  • a compound of the formula (I) is characterized in that R2 is CN, and W, R1, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined above.
  • R2 is CONR6R7 and W, R1, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above.
  • a compound of the formula (I) is characterized in that R3 is hydrogen and W, R1, R2, R4 and R5 are as defined above.
  • R5 is hydrogen and W, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined above.
  • the present invention also provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) as defined above, by using the reaction routes and synthetic schemes described below, employing the techniques available in the art and starting materials readily available.
  • the preparation of certain embodiments of the present invention is described in the examples that follow, but those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the preparations described may be readily adapted to prepare other embodiments of the present invention.
  • the synthesis of non-exemplified compounds according to the invention may be performed by modifications apparent to those skilled in the art, for instance by appropriately protecting interfering groups, by changing to other suitable reagents known in the art, or by making routine modifications of reaction conditions.
  • other reactions referred to herein or known in the art will be recognized as having adaptability for preparing other compounds of the invention.
  • the compounds of this invention can be prepared from readily available starting materials using the following general methods and procedures. Unless otherwise indicated, the starting materials are known compounds or may be prepared from known compounds according to well known procedures. It will be appreciated that, where typical or preferred process conditions (i.e., reaction temperatures, times, mole ratios of reactants, solvents, pressures) are given, other process conditions can also be used unless otherwise stated. Optimum reaction conditions may vary with the particular reactants or solvent used, but such conditions can be determined by one skilled in the art by routine optimization procedures. Additionally, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, conventional protecting groups may be necessary to prevent certain functional groups from undergoing undesired reactions.
  • process conditions i.e., reaction temperatures, times, mole ratios of reactants, solvents, pressures
  • Optimum reaction conditions may vary with the particular reactants or solvent used, but such conditions can be determined by one skilled in the art by routine optimization procedures. Additionally, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, conventional protecting groups may be necessary to prevent certain functional groups from
  • Suitable protecting groups for various functional groups as well as suitable conditions for protecting and deprotecting particular functional groups are well known in the art. For example, numerous protecting groups are described in T. W. Greene and P. G. M. Wuts, Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, Second Edition, Wiley, New York, 1991, and references cited therein.
  • a compound of formula (I) can be prepared according to the general synthetic processes described hereafter in Schemes A, B, C, D, E and F.
  • R1 is CN
  • R5 is hydrogen
  • X is halogen
  • PG is a protecting group such as SEM, Boc or benzenesulfonyl.
  • a process of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Reaction of a Derivative of Formula (II)
  • R1 and R3 are as defined above and PG is a protecting group such as benzenesulfonyl with 2-isopropoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxyborolane;
  • Step 1a Reaction of a Halo Derivative of Formula (III)
  • R1, R3 are as defined above, X is halogen, and PG is a protecting group such as SEM, Boc, with 2-isopropoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxyborolane;
  • Step 2 Metal-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of the Resultant Compound of Formula (IV)
  • R1, R3 are as defined above and PG is a protecting group such as SEM, Boc, benzenesulfonyl with a halo derivative of formula (V) R4-X (V) wherein R4 is as defined above and X is halogen;
  • R1, R3, R4 are as defined above and PG is a protecting group such as SEM, Boc, benzenesulfonyl to give a compound of formula (Ia)
  • R1, R3, R4 are as defined above, R2 is CN and R5 is hydrogen; optionally converting a compound of the formula (Ia) into another different compound of the formula (Ia), and, if desired, converting a compound of the formula (Ia) into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or converting a salt into the free compound (la).
  • the conversion of a compound of general formula (II) into a compound of formula (IV) can be accomplished by reaction with 2-isopropoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxyborolane in the presence of lithium diisopropylamide in THF at ⁇ 78° C.
  • Step 1a of Scheme A the conversion of a halo derivative of general formula (III) into a compound of formula (IV) can be accomplished by a subsequent halogen-lithium exchange and reaction with 2-isopropoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxyborolane in THF at ⁇ 78° C. (Q. Jiang, M. Ryan, P. Zhichkin, J. Org. Chem., 2007, 72, 6618-6620).
  • metal-catalyzed coupling reaction of a compound of formula (IV) with a halo derivative of general formula (V) to give a compound of formula (VI) can be accomplished in a variety of ways.
  • a compound of formula (VI) can be prepared from an intermediate of formula (IV) by Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling.
  • Transition metal-catalyzed couplings of (hetero)aryl halides with (hetero)aryl boronic acids or boronic-esters are well known to the person skilled in the art, see references: a) Miyaura, Norio; Suzuki, Akira (1979).
  • Phosphine-palladium complexes such as tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) are used for this reaction but also bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) chloride, [1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloro palladium(II) may be employed.
  • a base such as potassium phosphate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium t-butoxide, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, triethylamine is added and tetrahydrofurane, dioxane, N,N-dimethylformamide, ethanol and toluene may be used as reaction media.
  • temperatures range from room temperature to 150° C.
  • Conventional heating along with microwave irradiation may be employed.
  • Reaction duration ranges from about 30 min to about 96 hours.
  • Pd-catalyst/base/solvent combinations have been described in the literature, which allow the fine-tuning of the reaction conditions in order to allow for a broad set of additional functional groups on both coupling partners.
  • the removal of the protecting group PG on the pyrrole ring of a compound of formula (VI) may be carried out following procedures which are well known in the art (Jolicoeur, B.; Chapman, E. E.; Thommpson, A.; Lubell, W. D. Tetrahedron 2006, 62, 11531).
  • tert-butoxycarbonyl may be removed in the presence of TFA in DCM or by Na 2 CO 3 in DME, DMF at a temperature ranging from room temperature to 130° C.
  • 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl (SEM) and triisopropylsilyl (TIPS) may be removed with TBAF, HF.Py or TFA in solvents such as THF, DCM at room temperature or below
  • benzenesulfonyl (Bs) and toluensulfonyl (Ts) groups may be removed with KOH, NaOH, K 2 CO 3 , LiOH, Triton B, magnesium also in the presence of ammonium chloride in solvents such as methanol, tetrahydrofurane, dioxane at temperatures ranging from room temperature to reflux
  • trimethylsilylethylsulfonyl (SES) group may be removed using TB
  • the present invention further provides an alternative process for the preparation of a compound of formula (Ia) wherein R2 is CONR6R7, R5 is hydrogen and R1, R3, R4, R6 and R7 are as defined above.
  • R2 is CONR6R7
  • R5 is hydrogen
  • R1, R3, R4, R6 and R7 are as defined above
  • X is halogen
  • PG is a protecting group such as benzenesulfonyl.
  • a process of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Step 4 Reaction of a Derivative of Formula (VII)
  • R1 and R3 are as defined above and PG is a protecting group such as benzenesulfonyl with 2-isopropoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxyborolane;
  • Step 5 Metal-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of the Resultant Compound of Formula (VIII)
  • R1 and R3 are as defined above and PG is a protecting group such as benzenesulfonyl with a halo derivative of formula (V), as defined above;
  • R1, R3, R4 and PG are as defined above;
  • Step 7 Amidation of the Resultant Carboxylic Acid of Formula (X)
  • R2 is CONR6R7
  • R5 is hydrogen
  • R1, R3, R4, R6 and R7 are as defined above; optionally converting a compound of the formula (Ia) into another different compound of the formula (Ia), and, if desired, converting a compound of the formula (Ia) into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or converting a salt into the free compound (la).
  • Step 4 of Scheme B the conversion of a compound of general formula (VII) into a compound of formula (VIII) can be accomplished by reaction already described in Step 1 of Scheme A.
  • Step 5 of Scheme B metal-catalyzed coupling reaction of a compound of formula (VIII) with a halo derivative of general formula (V) to give a compound of formula (IX) can be accomplished in a variety of ways already described in Step 2 of Scheme A.
  • hydrolysis of the resultant carboxylic ester of formula (IX) into the carboxylic acid of formula (X) can be accomplished in a variety of ways.
  • LiOH.H 2 O in THF or NaOH or KOH in alcoholic solution is used, at a temperature ranging from room temperature to 150° C., for a time ranging from about 30 min to about 96 hours.
  • Conventional heating along with microwave irradiation may be employed.
  • microwave irradiation may be employed.
  • mean time removal of benzenesulfonyl-protecting group occurs.
  • a carboxylic acid of formula (X) into a carboxamide of formula (Ia) can be accomplished in a variety of ways and experimental conditions, which are widely known in the art for the preparation of carboxamides.
  • a compound of formula (X) can be converted into its corresponding acyl chloride in the presence of thionyl chloride or oxalyl chloride, in a suitable solvent, such as toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, at a temperature ranging from about ⁇ 10° C. to reflux and for a period of time varying from about 1 hour to about 96 hours.
  • a suitable solvent such as toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane
  • the acyl chloride can be isolated by evaporation of the solvent and further reacted with 33% ammonium hydroxide solution or with an amine NHR6R7 (XI) in a suitable solvent, such as toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, at a temperature ranging from about ⁇ 10° C. to reflux and for a period of time varying from about 1 hour to about 96 hours.
  • a suitable solvent such as toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane
  • a compound of formula (X) can be reacted with the ammonium salt of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole or with an amine NHR6R7 (XI) in the presence of a carbodiimide such as dicyclohexyl carbodiimide, diisopropyl carbodiimide, 1-ethyl-3-(3′-dimethylamino)carbodiimide hydrochloric acid salt and hydroxybenzotriazole.
  • a carbodiimide such as dicyclohexyl carbodiimide, diisopropyl carbodiimide, 1-ethyl-3-(3′-dimethylamino)carbodiimide hydrochloric acid salt and hydroxybenzotriazole.
  • this reaction is carried out in a suitable solvent such as, for instance, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, toluene, dioxane, N,N-dimethylformamide and in the presence of a proton scavenger such as, for example, triethylamine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, at a temperature ranging from room temperature to reflux, for a time ranging from about 30 min to about 96 hours.
  • a suitable solvent such as, for instance, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, toluene, dioxane, N,N-dimethylformamide
  • a proton scavenger such as, for example, triethylamine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine
  • R1, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined above, X is halogen and R2 is CN.
  • a process of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Step 8 reaction of a halo derivative of formula (XII)
  • R1, R3 and R5 are as defined above and X is halogen with 2-isopropoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxyborolane;
  • Step 9 Metal-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of the Resultant Compound of Formula (XIII)
  • R1, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined above and R2 is CN; optionally converting a compound of the formula (Ib) into another different compound of the formula (Ib), and, if desired, converting a compound of the formula (Ib) into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or converting a salt into the free compound (Ib).
  • Step 8 of Scheme C the conversion of a halo derivative of general formula (XII) into a compound of formula (XIII) may be carried out under the condition already described in Step 1a of Scheme A.
  • Step 9 of Scheme C metal-catalyzed coupling reaction of a compound of formula (XIII) with a halo derivative of general formula (V) to give a compound of formula (Ib) can be accomplished in a variety of ways already described in Step 2 of Scheme A.
  • R1, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined above, X is halogen and R2 is CN.
  • a process of the present invention comprises the following step:
  • Step 10 Reaction of a Derivative of Formula (XIV)
  • R1, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined above and R2 is CN; optionally converting a compound of the formula (Ic) into another different compound of the formula (Ic), and, if desired, converting a compound of the formula (Ic) into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or converting a salt into the free compound (Ic).
  • reaction of a compound of formula (XIV) with a halo derivative of general formula (V) to give a compound of formula (Ic) may be carried out in the presence of a base such as sodium hydride and tetrahydrofurane or dioxane may be used as reaction media.
  • a base such as sodium hydride and tetrahydrofurane or dioxane may be used as reaction media.
  • temperatures range from 5° C. to reflux.
  • Reaction duration ranges from about 30 min to about 24 hours.
  • metal-catalyzed coupling reaction of a compound of formula (XIV) with a halo derivative of general formula (V) to give a compound of formula (Ic) can be accomplished in the presence of tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium and tri-tert-butylphosphine.
  • a base such as sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate is added and tetrahydrofurane, dioxane, N,N-dimethylformamide and toluene may be used as reaction media.
  • temperatures range from room temperature to 150° C. Conventional heating along with microwave irradiation may be employed.
  • Reaction duration ranges from about 30 min to about 24 hours.
  • R2 is CONR6R7
  • R3 is hydrogen
  • R1, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above
  • X is halogen
  • PG is a protecting group such as benzenesulfonyl.
  • a process of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Step 11 Reaction of a Derivative of Formula (XV)
  • R1 and R5 are as defined above and PG is a protecting group such as benzenesulfonyl with 2-isopropoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxyborolane;
  • Step 12 Metal-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of the Resultant Compound of Formula (XVI)
  • R1 and R5 are as defined above and PG is a protecting group such as benzenesulfonyl with a halo derivative of formula (V), as defined above;
  • R1, R4 and R5 are as defined above and PG is a protecting group
  • Step 14 Amidation of the Resultant Carboxylic Acid of Formula (XVIII)
  • R1, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above and R3 is hydrogen; optionally converting a compound of the formula (Id) into another different compound of the formula (Id), and, if desired, converting a compound of the formula (Id) into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or converting a salt into the free compound (Id).
  • Step 12 of Scheme E metal-catalyzed coupling reaction of a compound of formula (XVI) with a halo derivative of general formula (V) to give a compound of formula (XVII) can be accomplished in a variety of ways already described in Step 2 of Scheme A.
  • R2 is CONR6R7 wherein R6 and R7 are as defined above, X is halogen and PG is a protecting group such as Boc.
  • a process of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Step 15 Reaction of a Halo Derivative of Formula (XIX)
  • R1, R3 and R5 are as defined above, PG is a protecting group such as Boc and X is halogen with 2-isopropoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxyborolane;
  • Step 16 Metal-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of the Resultant Compound of Formula (XX)
  • R1, R3 and R5 are as defined above and PG is a protecting group such as Boc, with a halo derivative of formula (V), as defined above;
  • R1, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined above and PG is a protecting group such as Boc;
  • R2 is CONR6R7 and R1, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above; optionally converting a compound of the formula (Ie) into another different compound of the formula (Ie), and, if desired, converting a compound of the formula (Ie) into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or converting a salt into the free compound (Ie).
  • Step 15 of Scheme F the conversion of a halo derivative of general formula (XIX) into a compound of formula (XX) may be carried out under the condition already described in Step 1a of Scheme A.
  • Step 16 of Scheme F metal-catalyzed coupling reaction of a compound of formula (XX) with a halo derivative of general formula (V) to give a compound of formula (XXI) can be accomplished in a variety of ways already described in Step 2 of Scheme A.
  • Step 18 of the Scheme F the compound of formula (XXII) is reacted with an amine of formula (XI) in the presence of triphosgene to give a compound of formula (Ie).
  • the reaction is carried out in a suitable halogenated hydrocarbon, preferably dichloromethane, and in the presence of a suitable amine such as diisopropylethylamine or triethylamine at room temperature.
  • any of the intermediates of the above described processes could be converted into a different intermediate, if wanted and necessary, by operating in an analogous way as in any one of the conversion reaction here above described.
  • the final compounds may be isolated and purified using conventional procedures, for example chromatography and/or crystallization and salt formation.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) as defined above can be converted into pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) as defined above, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be subsequently formulated with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent to provide a pharmaceutical composition.
  • the synthesis of a compound of formula (I), according to the synthetic process described above, can be conducted in a stepwise manner, whereby each intermediate is isolated and purified by standard purification techniques, like, for example, column chromatography, before carrying out the subsequent reaction.
  • two or more steps of the synthetic sequence can be carried out in a so-called “one-pot” procedure, as known in the art, whereby only the compound resultant from the two or more steps is isolated and purified.
  • a compound of formula (I) contains one or more asymmetric centers
  • said compound can be separated into the single isomers by procedures known to those skilled in the art. Such procedures comprise standard chromatographic techniques, including chromatography using a chiral stationary phase, or crystallization. General methods for separation of compounds containing one or more asymmetric centers are reported, for instance, in Jacques, Jean; Collet, André; Wilen, Samuel H., — Enantiomers, Racemates, and Resolutions , John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York (N.Y.), 1981.
  • the starting materials and any other reactants are known or easily prepared according to known methods or as described in the experimental part below.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be administered either as single agents or, alternatively, in combination with known anticancer treatments such as radiation therapy or chemotherapy regimen in combination with cytostatic or cytotoxic agents, antibiotic-type agents, alkylating agents, antimetabolite agents, hormonal agents, immunological agents, interferon-type agents, cyclooxygenase inhibitors (e.g. COX-2 inhibitors), matrixmetalloprotease inhibitors, telomerase inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, anti-growth factor receptor agents, anti-HER agents, anti-EGFR agents, anti-angiogenesis agents (e.g.
  • cytostatic or cytotoxic agents antibiotic-type agents, alkylating agents, antimetabolite agents, hormonal agents, immunological agents, interferon-type agents, cyclooxygenase inhibitors (e.g. COX-2 inhibitors), matrixmetalloprotease inhibitors, telomerase inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, anti-growth factor receptor agents, anti
  • angiogenesis inhibitors farnesyl transferase inhibitors, ras-raf signal transduction pathway inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, other cdks inhibitors, tubulin binding agents, topoisomerase I inhibitors, topoisomerase II inhibitors, and the like.
  • such combination products employ the compounds of this invention within the dosage range described below and the other pharmaceutically active agent within the approved dosage range.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) of the present invention suitable for administration to a mammal, e.g., to humans, can be administered by the usual routes and the dosage level depends upon the age, weight, conditions of the patient and administration route.
  • a suitable dosage adopted for oral administration of a compound of the formula (I) may range from about 10 to about 500 mg per dose, from 1 to 5 times daily.
  • the compounds of the invention can be administered in a variety of dosage forms, e.g., orally, in the form tablets, capsules, sugar or film coated tablets, liquid solutions or suspensions; rectally in the form suppositories; parenterally, e.g., intramuscularly, or through intravenous and/or intrathecal and/or intraspinal injection or infusion.
  • the present invention also includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, which may be a carrier or a diluent.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient which may be a carrier or a diluent.
  • compositions containing the compounds of the invention are usually prepared following conventional methods and are administered in a suitable pharmaceutical form.
  • the solid oral forms may contain, together with the active compound, diluents, e.g., lactose, dextrose, saccharose, cellulose, corn starch or potato starch; lubricants, e.g., silica, talc, stearic acid, magnesium or calcium stearate, and/or polyethylene glycols; binding agents, e.g., starches, arabic gum, gelatine methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose or polyvinyl pyrrolidone; disintegrating agents, e.g., starch, alginic acid, alginates or sodium starch glycolate; effervescing mixtures; dyestuffs; sweeteners; wetting agents such as lecithin, polysorbates, laurylsulphates; and, in general, non-toxic and pharmacologically inactive substances used in pharmaceutical formulations.
  • the liquid dispersions for oral administration may be, e.g., syrups, emulsions and suspensions.
  • the syrups may contain, as carrier, saccharose or saccharose with glycerine and/or mannitol and sorbitol.
  • the suspensions and the emulsions may contain, as examples of carriers, natural gum, agar, sodium alginate, pectin, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, or polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the suspension or solutions for intramuscular injections may contain, together with the active compound, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, e.g., sterile water, olive oil, ethyl oleate, glycols, e.g., propylene glycol and, if desired, a suitable amount of lidocaine hydrochloride.
  • the solutions for intravenous injections or infusions may contain, as a carrier, sterile water or preferably they may be in the form of sterile, aqueous, isotonic, saline solutions or they may contain propylene glycol as a carrier.
  • the suppositories may contain, together with the active compound, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, e.g., cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol, a polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester surfactant or lecithin.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier e.g., cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol, a polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester surfactant or lecithin.
  • Thin-layer chromatography was performed on Merck silica gel 60 F 254 pre-coated plates. Column chromatography was conducted either under medium pressure on silica (Merck silica gel 40-63 ⁇ m) or performed by using a Biotage SP1 Flash Purification system with prepacked silica gel cartridges (Biotage or Varian). Components were visualized by UV light ( ⁇ : 254 nm) and by iodine vapor.
  • Electrospray (ESI) mass spectra were obtained on a Finnigan LCQ ion trap.
  • HPLC-UV-MS analyses used to assess compound purity, were carried out combining the ion trap MS instrument with HPLC system SSP4000 (Thermo Separation Products) equipped with an autosampler LC Pal (CTC Analytics) and UV6000LP diode array detector (UV detection 215-400 nm). Instrument control, data acquisition and processing were performed with the Xcalibur 1.2 software (Finnigan). HPLC chromatography was run at room temperature, and 1 mL/min flow rate, using a Waters X Terra RP 18 column (4.6 ⁇ 50 mm; 3.5 ⁇ m).
  • Mobile phase A was ammonium acetate 5 mM buffer (pH 5.5 with acetic acid): acetonitrile 90:10
  • mobile phase B was ammonium acetate 5 mM buffer (pH 5.5 with acetic acid): acetonitrile 10:90; the gradient was from 0 to 100% B in 7 minutes then hold 100% B for 2 minutes before requilibration.
  • the resulting reaction mixture was degassed four times back filling with argon each time and then warmed to 110° C. for 5 h.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered through a pad of Celite, washed with EtOAc and the filtrate was concentrated and then diluted with EtOAc (400 mL) and water (300 mL). The two layers were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (100 mL). The combined organic fractions were dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (hexane/EtOAc 97/3) to afford the title compound (9.3 g, 78%).
  • Step 2 3-(5-Chloro-2-methylphenyl)-3-[(2,2-diethoxyethyl)amino]prop-2-enenitrile
  • Step 5a 5-Bromo-2-(5-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile
  • Carbonyldiimidazole (7.31 g, 45 mmol) was added to a solution of benzoic acid (5.0 g, 41 mmol) in DMF (50 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature. After 2 h magnesium chloride (4.68 g, 49 mmol) and potassium monoethyl malonate (14 g, 82 mmol) were added. The mixture was heated to 100° C. under stirring until reaction was complete, then cooled to room temperature and slowly added to 750 mL of iced water affording the precipitation of a solid. The solid was recovered by filtration affording the title compound (8.66 g, 81.1%), which was used in the next step without further purification.
  • Acetyl chloride (4.17 g, 53.14 mmol) was added to a solution of 2,2-diethoxyethanamine (6.43 g, 48.3 mmol) and TEA (6.84 g, 67.62 mmol) in EtOAc (70 mL), at room temperature. After 1 h, EtOH (0.7 mL) was added. The resulting suspension was stirred for 1 h, and then filtered. EtOAc was removed by evaporation from the filtration liquors yielding N-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)acetamide as an oil, which was used without further purification in the next step.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered through a pad of Celite, washed with EtOAc, and the filtrate was concentrated and then diluted with EtOAc and water. The two layers were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic fractions were washed with aqueous brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (hexane/EtOAc 9/1) to afford the title compound (5.6 g, 64%).
  • Step 1 (E)-2-(5-Chloro-2-methylphenyl)ethenyl 4-methylphenyl sulfone
  • PdCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 70 mg, 0.10 mmol
  • CuI 39 mg, 0.20 mmol
  • TEA 0.05 mL, 5.00 mmol
  • 5-chloro-2-methylbenzoyl chloride 945 mg, 5.00 mmol
  • tert-butyl prop-2-ynylcarbamate 776 mg, 5.00 mmol
  • Step 2 Methyl 3-[acetyl(2,2-diethoxyethyl)amino]-3-(5-chloro-2-ethylphenyl)prop-2-enoate
  • Methyl 3-(5-chloro-2-ethylphenyl)prop-2-ynoate 500 mg, 2.25 mmol
  • DMF 4.5 mL
  • 2,2-diethoxyethanamine 0.368 mL, 2.48 mmol
  • the volatiles were evaporated under reduced pressure and the crude was heated under reflux in acetic anhydride (9 mL). After 10 h the reaction was completed and removal of the volatiles under reduced pressure afforded the title compound which was employed in the next step without further purification.
  • Step 1a 2-(5-Chloro-2-methylphenyl)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1- ⁇ [2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy]methyl ⁇ -1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile (IV)
  • the resulting reaction mixture was degassed three times back filling with argon each time before being charged PdCl 2 (dppf) (182 mg, 0.223 mmol).
  • the resulting reaction mixture was degassed four times back filling with argon each time and then warmed to 110° C. for 1 h.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered through a pad of Celite, washed with EtOAc, and the filtrate was concentrated and then diluted with EtOAc (30 mL) and water (10 mL). The two layers were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (25 mL).
  • Step 8 1-(5-Chloro-2-methylphenyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carbonitrile (XIII)
  • Step 9 4-(6-Aminopyrimidin-4-yl)-1-(5-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carbonitrile
  • the resulting reaction mixture was degassed three times back filling with argon each time before being charged PdCl 2 (dppf) (163 mg, 0.2 mmol).
  • the resulting reaction mixture was degassed four times back filling with argon each time and then warmed to 110° C. for 1 h.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered through a pad of Celite, washed with EtOAc, and the filtrate was concentrated and then diluted with EtOAc and water. The two layers were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc.
  • the combined organic fractions were washed with aqueous brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • the residue was purified by Biotage SP1 Flash Chromatography (DCM/MeOH/7N NH 3 in MeOH 95/5/0.5) to afford the title compound (291 mg, 47%, 2 steps).
  • Step 8 1-[2-Chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carbonitrile (XIII)
  • the resulting reaction mixture was degassed three times back filling with argon each time before being charged PdCl 2 (dppf) (81.6 mg, 0.1 mmol).
  • the resulting reaction mixture was degassed four times back filling with argon each time and then warmed to 110° C. for 2 h.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered through a pad of Celite, washed with EtOAc, and the filtrate was concentrated and then diluted with EtOAc and water. The two layers were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic fractions were washed with aqueous brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • the resulting reaction mixture was degassed three times back filling with argon each time before being charged Pd 2 (dba) 3 (10 mg, 0.011 mmol) and tri-tert-butylphosphine (23 ⁇ L, 0.023 mmol, 1.0M in toluene).
  • the resulting reaction mixture was degassed four times back filling with argon each time and then warmed to 100° C. for 6 h.
  • reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by Biotage SP1 Flash Chromatography (gradient elution from 10% to 20% of EtOAc in hexane) to afford 4-(5-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-1-(7- ⁇ [2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy]methyl ⁇ -7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile (110 mg, 51%).
  • Step 11 Ethyl 3-(5-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (XVI)
  • Step 12 Ethyl 5-(6-aminopyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(5-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (XVII)
  • the resulting reaction mixture was degassed four times back filling with argon each time and then warmed to 110° C. for 30 min.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered through a pad of Celite, washed with EtOAc.
  • the filtrate was concentrated and then diluted with EtOAc, washed with aqueous brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • the residue was purified by Biotage SP1 Flash Chromatography (DCM/MeOH/7N NH 3 in MeOH 98/2/0.2) to afford the title compound (198 mg, 40%).

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US10479779B2 (en) 2012-08-02 2019-11-19 Nerviano Medical Sciences S.R.L. Substituted pyrroles active as kinases inhibitors

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