US9122094B2 - Illuminating apparatus and display apparatus - Google Patents

Illuminating apparatus and display apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US9122094B2
US9122094B2 US13/389,811 US201013389811A US9122094B2 US 9122094 B2 US9122094 B2 US 9122094B2 US 201013389811 A US201013389811 A US 201013389811A US 9122094 B2 US9122094 B2 US 9122094B2
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Prior art keywords
leds
light sources
planar
point light
light
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US13/389,811
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US20120139445A1 (en
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Kohji Fujiwara
Takayuki Murai
Kingfoong LEW
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Sharp Corp
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Sharp Corp
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Assigned to SHARP KABUSHIKI KAISHA reassignment SHARP KABUSHIKI KAISHA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LEW, Kingfoong, MURAI, TAKAYUKI, FUJIWARA, KOHJI
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133613—Direct backlight characterized by the sequence of light sources
    • G02F2001/133613—

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to illuminating apparatus for incorporation in display apparatus such as liquid crystal display apparatus, and to display apparatus themselves.
  • a liquid crystal display apparatus that incorporates a non-luminous liquid crystal display panel (display panel) commonly also incorporates a backlight unit (illuminating apparatus) that supplies light to the liquid crystal display panel.
  • a backlight unit illumination apparatus
  • the backlight unit disclosed in Patent Document 1 listed below employs an LED (light-emitting diode) as a backlight.
  • a plurality of LEDs (point light sources) 111 are in a matrix-like lattice arrangement at equal intervals, and the light emitted from them is mixed to produce planar light (in a plan view like FIG. 31 , no planar light is illustrated; it should still be interpreted that planar light having a shape similar to the shape around the edge of the group of LEDs 111 in a lattice arrangement is produced).
  • the produced planar light is supplied to the entire surface of a liquid crystal display panel.
  • liquid crystal display panels are becoming increasingly large.
  • the growing size of liquid crystal display panels has to be coped with by increasing the planar size of planar light.
  • the backlight unit disclosed in Patent Document 1 has to use an increased number of LEDs 111 , inconveniently resulting in higher cost of the backlight unit and hence the liquid crystal display apparatus.
  • a backlight unit may be, as shown in FIG. 32 , so deigned as to use less LEDs 111 in a peripheral part of the LEDs 111 in a lattice arrangement in FIG. 31 .
  • a backlight unit suffers from a large difference in luminance between a region including the planar center of the planar light and a peripheral region of the planar light, resulting in lowered uniformity in the luminance of the planar light and hence the image displayed on the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the present invention has been made to overcome the inconveniences discussed above, and aims to provide an illuminating apparatus etc. that are less costly, through the use of a smaller number of point light sources such as LEDs or through the use of inexpensive LEDs, but that nevertheless can form planar light with high uniformity.
  • the plurality of point light sources are arranged two-dimensionally so that the light therefrom gathers to form planar light.
  • the planar light is divided into a plurality of sections, and there is provided a luminance-varying system that can vary luminance section by section.
  • the luminance-varying system is, for example, an arrangement involving a difference in the density of the point light sources.
  • the density of the plurality of point light sources that produce the planar light is varied appropriately, and thereby the luminance distribution of the planar light is varied (which makes it possible to enhance the uniformity of the planar light).
  • the density of the plurality of point light sources that produce the planar light is varied appropriately, and thereby the luminance distribution of the planar light is varied (which makes it possible to enhance the uniformity of the planar light).
  • the illuminating apparatus preferably, when, of two intersecting directions, one is referred to as the X direction and another is referred to as the Y direction, the illuminating apparatus includes point light sources arranged side by side along the X and Y directions, and there are a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the point light sources arranged side by side along at least one of the X and Y directions.
  • X-direction rows in which the point light sources are arranged at same positions with respect to the Y direction and side by side along the X direction are arranged side by side in the Y direction so that the plurality of point light sources are in a lattice-like planar arrangement, and there are a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the point light sources arranged side by side along at least one of the X and Y directions.
  • the positions of the point light sources with respect to the X direction between adjacent X-direction rows may be the same from one X-direction row to the next, or the positions of the point light sources with respect to the X direction between adjacent X-direction rows may differ from one X-direction row to the next.
  • the illuminating apparatus may further include a point light source that is not along either the X-direction rows or the Y-direction rows.
  • one row of the point light sources arranged side by side along the X direction and one row of the point light sources arranged side by side along the Y direction are arranged to form, for example, an L shape, and emit light in different directions so that the light overlaps to form the planar light.
  • this backlight unit preferably, there are a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the point light sources arranged side by side along at least one of the X and Y directions.
  • Examples in which there are a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the point light sources include the following two.
  • the interval at which a plurality of the point light sources that produce the light near the planar center of the planar light are arranged is shorter than the interval at which a plurality of the point light sources that produce light at periphery elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light are arranged.
  • the interval at which a plurality of the point light sources that produce light near the planar center of the planar light are arranged is longer than the interval at which a plurality of the point light sources that produce light at periphery elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light are arranged.
  • planar arrangements of a plurality of point light sources may include a plurality of divided regions divided like a lattice, the point light sources being allocated among those divided regions.
  • the arrangement surface of the planar arrangement may include a plurality of divided regions divided like a lattice, the point light sources being allocated among those divided regions.
  • the central divided regions when the divided regions in which the point light sources that produce light near the planar center of the planar light are located are referred to as the central divided regions, and the divided regions in which the point light sources that produce light at periphery elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light are located are referred to as the peripheral divided regions, then the number of point light sources included in each of the central divided regions may be greater than the number of point light sources included in each of the peripheral divided regions, or the number of point light sources included in the peripheral divided regions may be greater than the number of point light sources included in the central divided regions.
  • the point light sources mentioned above are mounted on a mounting board, and there is no particular restriction on the number of such mounting boards.
  • a plurality of mounting boards may be arranged such that, whereas the intervals at which the point light sources are arranged within each of the mounting boards are equal, the intervals at which the point light sources are arranged differ among the mounting boards.
  • mounting boards incorporating a plurality of them in the illuminating apparatus produces a difference in the density of the point light sources.
  • these mounting boards each have the same arrangement of point light sources, and can thus be mass-produced extremely easily. This helps reduce the cost of the mounting boards and hence the cost of the illuminating apparatus.
  • the mounting boards have a comparatively small size, and are thus easy to handle in the manufacturing process of the illuminating apparatus. Incorporating such mounting boards, the illuminating apparatus can be manufactured easily at reduced cost. Moreover, the size of the illuminating apparatus no longer limits the application of the mounting boards.
  • the plane of the planar light is divided into a plurality of areas by an imaginary line lying on the planar center of the planar light, and the arrangement of a plurality of the point light sources that produce light of the planar light in one of the divided areas and the arrangement of a plurality of the point light sources that produce light of the planar light in another of the divided areas are line-symmetric about the imaginary line.
  • the illuminating apparatus includes a current controller that controls the current values supplied to the point light sources.
  • a current controller that controls the current values supplied to the point light sources.
  • the current controller makes different the current value supplied to the point light sources arranged at a longer interval and the current value supplied to the point light sources arranged at a shorter interval. With this design, it is possible to vary the light emission luminance specific to the point light sources.
  • the current supplied to the point light sources arranged at a longer interval is higher than current supplied to the point light sources arranged at a shorter interval.
  • the current values supplied to the point light sources need not be relied upon; instead, a difference in the light emission efficiency of the point light sources may be exploited to enhance the uniformity of the planar light.
  • the light emission efficiency of the point light sources differs between the point light sources arranged at a longer interval and the point light sources arranged at a shorter interval.
  • the light emission efficiency of the point light sources arranged at a longer interval is higher than the light emission efficiency of the point light sources arranged at a shorter interval, even if a group of the point light sources arranged at a longer interval may produce a region with less then sufficient luminance in the luminance distribution of the planar light, the light in that region has increased luminance owing to the light of the point light sources with higher light emission efficiency, and this helps reliably increase the uniformity of the planar light.
  • the luminance-varying system mentioned above is not limited to an arrangement involving a difference in the density of point light sources.
  • the illuminating apparatus includes a current controller that varies the luminance distribution of the planar light by a difference in the current values supplied to the point light sources, the uniformity of the planar light is enhanced (i.e., the current controller can be said to be a luminance-varying system).
  • planar light with a group of such point light sources with different light emission efficiency can also be said to be a luminance-varying system.
  • Display apparatus including an illuminating apparatus as described above and a display panel that receives light emanating from the illuminating apparatus can also be said to be within the scope of the invention.
  • the luminance distribution of the planar light is varied, and thereby the uniformity of the planar light can be enhanced.
  • enhancing the uniformity of the planar light can be achieved simply by varying the density of point light sources without increasing the number of point light sources, and this suppresses the cost of lighting apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 2;
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 3;
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 4.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 5;
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 6;
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 7;
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 8.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 9;
  • FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 10.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 11;
  • FIG. 12 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 12;
  • FIG. 13 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 13;
  • FIG. 14 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 14;
  • FIG. 15 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 15;
  • FIG. 16 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 16.
  • FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display apparatus
  • FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing how planar light is produced
  • FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing various members included in a liquid crystal display apparatus
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing how planar light is produced
  • FIG. 21 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display apparatus
  • FIG. 22 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 17;
  • FIG. 23 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 18.
  • FIG. 24 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 19;
  • FIG. 25 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 20;
  • FIG. 26 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 21;
  • FIG. 27 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 22;
  • FIG. 28 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 23;
  • FIG. 29 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 24;
  • FIG. 30 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs in Example 25;
  • FIG. 31 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs incorporated in a conventional backlight unit.
  • FIG. 32 is a plan view showing an arrangement of LEDs incorporated in a conventional backlight unit.
  • FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display apparatus.
  • the liquid crystal display apparatus 69 includes a liquid crystal display panel 59 and a backlight unit (illuminating apparatus) 49 which supplies light to the liquid crystal display panel 59 .
  • the liquid crystal display panel 59 includes an active matrix substrate 51 and a counter substrate 52 , between which liquid crystal (not shown) is filled (these substrates 51 and 52 are fit in a frame-like bezel BZ).
  • active matrix substrate 51 On the active matrix substrate 51 , gate signal lines and source signal lines (not shown) are arranged to intersect (cross) each other, and at the intersections between those signal lines, switching devices (for example, thin-film transistors) are arranged for adjustment of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal.
  • a polarizing film 53 is fitted on the light-input side of the active matrix substrate 51 , and another polarizing film 53 is fitted on the light-output side of the counter substrate 52
  • the liquid crystal display panel 59 described above displays an image by exploiting the variation of transmittance resulting from the inclination of liquid crystal molecules.
  • the backlight unit 49 which is located directly under the liquid crystal display panel 59 and which supplies light (backlight BL) to the liquid crystal display panel 59 .
  • the backlight unit 49 includes an LED module (light-emitting module) MJ, a backlight chassis 41 , a diffusive sheet 44 , a prism sheet 45 , and a prism sheet 46 .
  • the LED module MJ includes a mounting board 12 and an LED (light-emitting diodes) 11 .
  • the mounting board 12 is, for example, a rectangular board, and has a plurality of electrodes (not shown) arranged on a mounting surface 12 U. On these electrodes, LEDs 11 , as light-emitting devices, are fitted. The electrodes are arranged along two intersecting (for example, mutually perpendicular) directions (that is, they are in a lattice arrangement) on the mounting surface 12 U of a single mounting board 12 .
  • the LEDs 11 are fitted on the electrodes as shown in FIG. 18 , and when the LEDs 11 emit light, the light from the plurality of LEDs 11 gathers to form planar light PL.
  • the one along which the larger number of electrodes are arranged side by side will be referred to as the X direction, and the other along which the smaller number of them are arranged will be referred to as the Y direction; the direction intersecting both the X and Y directions will be referred to as the Z direction (the X direction corresponds to the longer sides of the screen of the liquid crystal display panel 59 , and the Y direction corresponds to the shorter sides of the screen of the liquid crystal display panel 59 ).
  • the LED 11 is a light sources (light-emitting device, point light source), and emits light by receiving electric current via the electrodes on the mounting board 12 .
  • the LED 11 may be of any of many various types.
  • the LED 11 may be one including a blue-light-emitting LED chip (light-emitting chip) combined with a phosphor (fluorescent substance) receiving the light from the LED chip and emitting yellow light by fluorescence (there is no particular restriction on the number of LED chips).
  • This LED 11 produces white light by mixing the light from the blue-light-emitting LED chip with the fluorescent light (an LED 11 emitting white light is occasionally referred to as an LED 11 W).
  • the LED 11 may include no phosphor at all.
  • the LED 11 W includes a red LED chip emitting red light, a green LED chip emitting green light, and a blue LED chip emitting blue light, and produces white light by mixing together the light from all those LED chips.
  • the LED 11 does not necessarily have to be a white-light LED 11 W; it may instead be, for example, a combination of a red-light-emitting LED 11 R, a green-light-emitting LED 11 G, and a blue-light-emitting LED 11 B. In that case, it is preferable that these red-light-emitting, green-light-emitting, and blue-light-emitting LEDs 11 R, 11 G, and 11 B be arranged comparatively close together so that the light from them may mix to produce white light.
  • the backlight chassis 41 is a box-like member, and accommodates the LED module MJ on its bottom surface 41 B.
  • the bottom surface 41 B of the backlight chassis 41 and the mounting board 12 of the LED module MJ are fastened together, for example, by rivets (not shown).
  • the diffusive sheet 44 is a flat optical sheet which is laid over the mounting surface 12 U over which the LEDs 11 are mounted.
  • the diffusive sheet 44 receives the light emitted from the LED module MJ and diffuses it. That is, the diffusive sheet 44 diffuses the planar light formed by the LED module MJ to illuminate the entire area of the liquid crystal display panel 59 .
  • the prism sheets 45 and 46 are optical sheets which have prism shapes within the sheet plane and which deflect the radiation characteristics of light, and are so located as to cover the diffusive sheet 44 .
  • the prism sheets 45 and 46 condense the light emanating from the diffusive sheet 44 and increase its luminosity.
  • the directions in which the light condensed by the prism sheets 45 and 46 , respectively, is made to diverge are in an intersecting relationship.
  • the backlight unit 49 described above shines the planar light formed by the LED module MJ through the plurality of optical sheets 44 to 46 to supply it to the liquid crystal display panel 59 .
  • the non-luminous liquid crystal display panel 59 provides enhanced display performance.
  • the liquid crystal display apparatus 69 described above includes a control unit 21 , and the control unit 21 comprehensively controls the liquid crystal display apparatus 69 (that is, the liquid crystal display panel 59 and the backlight unit 49 ).
  • control unit 21 includes a video signal processor 22 , a liquid crystal panel controller (LCD controller) 23 , and an LED controller 24 (the liquid crystal display apparatus 69 includes a gate driver 31 , a source driver 32 , and an LED driver 33 , which will be described later)
  • LCD controller liquid crystal panel controller
  • LED controller 24 the liquid crystal display apparatus 69 includes a gate driver 31 , a source driver 32 , and an LED driver 33 , which will be described later
  • the video signal processor 22 receives an initial image signal (initial image signal F-VD) from an external signal source.
  • the initial image signal F-VD is, for example, a television signal, and includes a video signal and a synchronizing signal synchronous with the video signal (the video signal is composed of, for example, a red video signal, a green video signal, a blue video signal, and a luminance signal).
  • the video signal processor 22 From the synchronizing signal, the video signal processor 22 generates new synchronizing signals (a clock signal CLK, a vertical synchronizing signal VS, a horizontal synchronizing signal HS, etc.) for image display on the liquid crystal display panel 59 . The video signal processor 22 then transmits the generated new synchronizing signals to the LCD controller 23 and the LED controller 24 .
  • new synchronizing signals a clock signal CLK, a vertical synchronizing signal VS, a horizontal synchronizing signal HS, etc.
  • the video signal processor 22 splits the received initial image signal F-VD into a signal VD-Sp suitable for the driving of the liquid crystal display panel 59 and a signal VD-Sd suitable for the driving of the backlight unit 49 (more specifically, the LEDs 11 ). The video signal processor 22 then transmits the separator signal VD-Sp to the LCD controller 23 and the separator signal VD-Sd to the LED controller 24 .
  • the LCD controller 23 From the clock signal CLK, the vertical synchronizing signal VS, the horizontal synchronizing signal HS, etc. transmitted from the video signal processor 22 , the LCD controller 23 generates timing signals for controlling the gate driver 31 and the source driver 32 (the timing signal corresponding to the gate driver 31 will be referred to as the timing signal G-TS, and the timing signal corresponding to the source driver 32 will be referred to as the timing signal S-TS).
  • the LCD controller 23 transmits the timing signal G-TS to the gate driver 31 ; on the other hand, the LCD controller 23 transmits the timing signal S-TS and the separator signal VD-Sp to the source driver 32 .
  • the source driver 32 and the gate driver 31 control the image on the liquid crystal display panel 59 .
  • the LED controller 24 includes an LED driver controller 25 and a pulse width modulator 26 .
  • the LED driver controller 25 transmits the separator signal VD-Sd received from the video signal processor 22 to the pulse width modulator 26 .
  • the LED driver controller 25 also generates from the synchronizing signals (the clock signal CLK, the vertical synchronizing signal VS, the horizontal synchronizing signal HS, etc.) a lighting timing signal L-TS for the LEDs 11 and transmits it to the LED driver 33 .
  • the pulse width modulator 26 Based on the received separator signal VD-Sd, the pulse width modulator 26 adjusts the light emission duration of the LEDs 11 by a pulse width modulation (PWM) method (a signal used in such pulse width modulation is referred to as a PWM signal). More specifically, the pulse width modulator 26 transmits a PWM signal suitable for the light emission control of the LEDs 11 to the LED driver 33 .
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the LED driver 33 controls the lighting of the LEDs 11 .
  • the control unit 21 which controls the light emission of the LEDs 11 , can not only control all the LEDs 11 collectively but also control them individually; that is, it has a so-called local dimming function).
  • FIG. 18 simply arranging the plurality of LEDs 11 two-dimensionally permits the light from them to gather into planar light.
  • the LEDs 11 can be arranged two-dimensionally in many ways.
  • FIG. 1 shows one example of how the LEDs 11 are arranged (in a plan view like FIG. 1 , no planar light is illustrated; it should still be interpreted that planar light having a shape similar to the shape around the edge of the group of LEDs 11 in a lattice arrangement is produced).
  • rows (X-direction rows) in which LEDs 11 are arranged at the same positions with respect to the Y direction and side by side along the X direction are arranged side by side in the Y direction so that a plurality of LEDs 11 are in a lattice-like (like a lattice forming a matrix) planar arrangement.
  • rows (Y-direction rows) in which LEDs 11 are arranged at the same positions with respect to the X direction and side by side along the Y direction are arranged side by side in the X direction so that a plurality of LEDs 11 are in a lattice-like planar arrangement.
  • the intervals between the Y-direction rows are equal, namely Px-s 1
  • the intervals between the X-direction rows are not equal (that is, there are a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the X-direction rows).
  • the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to near the planar center of the planar light is shorter than the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to other than near the planar center of the planar light.
  • the two X-direction rows located fourth from the two outermost rows in the Y direction produce the light near the planar center of the planar light (whereas the other X-direction rows than those two produce the light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light).
  • the interval Py-a between those two X-direction rows is shorter than the intervals Py-b and Py-c between the other adjacent X-direction rows (the intervals having the relationship interval Py-a ⁇ interval Py-b ⁇ interval Py-c).
  • the planar light has higher luminance near the planar center than in a region elsewhere than near the center (“near the planar center” denotes “an arbitrary region including the center of the plane of the planar light”).
  • near the planar center denotes “an arbitrary region including the center of the plane of the planar light”.
  • the LEDs 11 are so arranged that humans perceive the entire planar light to have uniform luminance. Accordingly, in the backlight unit 49 , the planar light is divided into a plurality of sections, and a plurality of LEDs 11 are arranged on such a principle that luminance is varied section by section (an arrangement of LEDs 11 that divides planar light into a plurality of sections and that permits luminance to be varied for each of those sections will be referred to as a luminance-varying system, which can thus produce planar light in many ways to suite various purposes).
  • the planar light is divided into a section (central section) in a region extending in the X direction and a section (peripheral section) in the region other than that region.
  • the interval Py-a between the X-direction rows that produce the light corresponding to the central region is made shorter than the intervals Py-b and Py-c between the other X-direction rows. That is, the plurality of LEDs 11 are arranged with a difference in density (the distribution density of the LEDs 11 ). This permits humans to perceive the entire planar light to have uniform luminance.
  • the peripheral section may be further divided into a plurality of subsections.
  • the intervals between the LEDs 11 that produce the light in the divided subsections may differ from one peripheral subsection to another (for example, when the LEDs 11 are arranged as shown in FIG. 1 , the interval Py-b between the X-direction rows corresponding to the peripheral subsection near the central section is shorter than the interval Py-c between the X-direction rows corresponding to the other peripheral subsection).
  • Arranging the LEDs 11 in this way makes flexible the luminance distribution of the planar light within the plane, and thus more reliably permits humans to perceive the entire planar light to have uniform luminance.
  • the LEDs 11 may be arranged not only as shown in FIG. 1 , which shows Example 1 (EX 1), but in many other ways.
  • the LEDs 11 may be arranged as shown in FIG. 2 (Example 2).
  • the intervals between the X-direction rows are equal, namely Py-s 1
  • the intervals between the Y-direction rows are not equal (that is, there are a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the Y-direction rows).
  • the interval between the Y-direction rows corresponding to near the center of the planar light is shorter than the interval between the Y-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the center of the planar light.
  • the four Y-direction rows located seventh and eighth from the two outermost rows in the X direction produce the light near the planar center of the planar light (whereas the other Y-direction rows than those four produce the light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light).
  • the interval Px-a between those four Y-direction rows is shorter than the intervals Px-b and Px-c between the other adjacent Y-direction rows (the intervals having the relationship interval Px-a ⁇ interval Px-b ⁇ interval Px-c).
  • the planar light is divided into a section (central section) in a region extending in the Y direction and a section (peripheral section) in the region other than that region.
  • the interval Px-a between the Y-direction rows that produce the light corresponding to the central region is made shorter than the intervals Px-b and Px-c between the other Y-direction rows, and this permits humans to perceive the entire planar light to have uniform luminance.
  • the LEDs 11 may be arranged as shown in FIG. 3 (Example 3). More specifically, the intervals between the X-direction rows are not equal, nor are the intervals between the Y-direction rows (that is, there are a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the X-direction rows, and there are a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the Y-direction rows).
  • the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to near the center of the planar light is shorter than the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the center of the planar light, and in addition the interval between the Y-direction rows corresponding to near the center of the planar light is shorter than the interval between the Y-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the center of the planar light.
  • the arrangement of the LEDs 11 in FIG. 3 is, so to speak, a mixture of the arrangements of the LEDs 11 in FIGS. 1 and 2 . Accordingly, in a group of LEDs 11 in a lattice arrangement with 16 of them in the X direction and 8 of them in the Y direction, the two X-direction rows located fourth from the two outermost rows in the Y direction and the four Y-direction rows located seventh and eighth from the two outermost rows in the X direction produce the light near the planar center of the planar light (whereas the LEDs 11 in the rows other than those just mentioned produce the light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light).
  • the interval Py-a between the two X-direction rows located fourth from the two outermost rows in the Y direction is shorter than the intervals Py-b and Py-c between the other adjacent X-direction rows.
  • the interval Px-a between the four Y-direction rows located seventh and eighths from the two outermost rows in the X direction is shorter than the intervals Px-b and Px-c between the other adjacent Y-direction rows.
  • LEDs 11 are arranged in intersecting X and Y directions, there may be a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the LEDs 11 arranged in the two, X and Y, directions (i.e., there need to be a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the LEDs 11 arranged in at least one of the X and Y directions). Also this arrangement of the LEDs 11 permits, like those of Examples 1 and 2, humans to perceive the entire planar light to have uniform luminance.
  • the positions of the LEDs 11 with respect to the X direction between adjacent X-direction rows are the same from one X-direction row to the next (in other words, the positions of the LEDs 11 with respect to the Y direction between adjacent Y-direction rows are the same from one Y-direction row to the next).
  • the shape of the sections defined by the dash-and-dot lines indicating the X- and Y-direction rows is rectangular.
  • the arrangement of the LEDs 11 is, however, not limited to matrix-like lattice arrangements as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 .
  • the LEDs 11 may instead be arranged, for example, in a staggering lattice arrangement as shown in FIG. 4 (Example 4). That is, the positions of the LEDs 11 with respect to the X direction between adjacent X-direction rows may differ from one X-direction row to the next (in other words, the positions of the LEDs 11 with respect to the Y direction in adjacent Y-direction rows may differ from one Y-direction row to the next).
  • the intervals between the Y-direction rows are equal, namely Px-s 2
  • the intervals between the X-direction rows are not equal.
  • the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to near the planar center of the planar light is shorter than the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light.
  • X-direction rows with 14 LEDs 11 and X-direction rows with 15 LEDs 11 are arranged alternately side by side in the Y direction to form a lattice arrangement composed of a total of nine X-direction rows.
  • the three X-direction rows located fourth, fifth, and sixth from one outermost row in the Y direction produce the light near the planar center of the planar light (whereas the X-direction rows other than those three produce the light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light).
  • the interval Py-d between those three X-direction rows is shorter than the intervals Py-e, Py-f, and Py-g between the other adjacent X-direction rows (the intervals having the relationship interval Py-d ⁇ interval Py-e ⁇ interval Py-f ⁇ interval Py-g).
  • the planar light is divided into a section (central section) in a region including the planar center and extending in the X direction and a section (peripheral section) in the region other than that region.
  • the interval Py-d between the X-direction rows that produce the light corresponding to the central section is made shorter than the intervals between the other X-direction rows (intervals Py-e, Py-f, and Py-g). This permits humans to perceive the entire planar light to have uniform luminance.
  • the LEDs 11 may be arranged as shown in FIG. 5 (Example 5). More specifically, whereas the intervals between the X-direction rows are equal, namely Py-s 2 , the intervals between the Y-direction rows are not equal. Specifically, the interval between the Y-direction rows corresponding to near the center of the planar light is shorter than the interval between the Y-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the center of the planar light.
  • Y-direction rows with four LEDs 11 and Y-direction rows with five LEDs 11 are arranged alternately side by side in the X direction to form a lattice arrangement composed of a total of 29 Y-direction rows.
  • the seven Y-direction rows located 12th to 18th from one outermost row in the X direction produce the light near the planar center of the planar light (whereas the Y-direction rows other than those seven produce the light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light).
  • the interval Px-d between those seven Y-direction rows is shorter than the intervals Px-e, Px-f, Px-g, and Px-h between the other adjacent X-direction rows (the intervals having the relationship interval Px-d ⁇ interval Px-e ⁇ interval Px-f ⁇ interval Px-g ⁇ interval Px-h).
  • the planar light is divided into a section (central section) in a region including the planar center and extending in the Y direction and a section (peripheral section) in the region other than that region.
  • the interval Px-d between the Y-direction rows that produce the light corresponding to the central section is made shorter than the intervals between the other Y-direction rows (intervals Px-e, Px-f, Px-g, and Px-h). This permits humans to perceive the entire planar light to have uniform luminance.
  • the LEDs 11 may be arranged as shown in FIG. 6 (Example 6). More specifically, the LEDs 11 are arranged in a lattice arrangement in which the positions of the LEDs 11 with respect to the X direction between adjacent X-direction rows differ from one X-direction row to the next and in addition the positions of the LEDs 11 with respect to the Y direction between adjacent Y-direction rows differ from one Y-direction row to the next.
  • the intervals between the X-direction rows are not equal, nor are the intervals between the Y-direction rows.
  • the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to near the center of the planar light is shorter than the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to other than near the center of the planar light, and in addition the interval between the Y-direction rows corresponding to near the center of the planar light is shorter than the interval between the Y-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the center of the planar light.
  • the arrangement of the LEDs 11 in FIG. 6 is, so to speak, a mixture of the arrangements of the LEDs 11 in FIGS. 4 and 5 . More specifically, X-direction rows with 14 LEDs 11 and X-direction rows with 15 LEDs 11 are arranged alternately side by side in the Y direction to form a lattice arrangement composed of a total of nine X-direction rows (in other words, Y-direction rows with four LEDs 11 and Y-direction rows with five LEDs 11 are arranged alternately side by side in the X direction to form a lattice arrangement composed of a total of 29 Y-direction rows).
  • the three X-direction rows located fourth, fifth, and sixth from one outermost row in the Y direction and the seven Y-direction rows located 12th to 18th from one outermost row in the X direction produce the light near the planar center of the planar light (whereas the LEDs 11 in the rows other than those just mentioned produce the light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light).
  • the interval Py-d between the three X-direction rows located at fourth, fifth, and sixth from one outermost row in the Y direction is shorter than the intervals Py-e, Py-f, and Py-g between the other adjacent X-direction rows.
  • the interval Px-d between seven Y-direction rows located at 12th to 18th from one outermost row in the X direction is shorter than the intervals Px-e, Px-f, Px-g, and Px-h between the other adjacent X-direction rows.
  • LEDs 11 are arranged in intersecting X and Y directions, there may be a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the LEDs 11 arranged in the two, X and Y, directions. Also this arrangement of the LEDs 11 permits, like those of Examples 5 and 6, humans to perceive the entire planar light to have uniform luminance.
  • a group of LEDs 11 in a staggered arrangement may further include one or more LEDs (hatched by dots) that are not included in any X- or Y-direction row. Even a group of LEDs 11 in a matrix-like arrangement as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 may include one or more LEDs that are not included in any X- or Y-direction row. Providing such irregularly arranged LEDs 11 increases flexibility in the adjustment of the luminance of the planar light (i.e., makes finer luminance adjustment possible).
  • Example 1 For a liquid crystal display apparatus 69 with a 52-inch screen, comparing the number of LEDs 11 arranged at irregular pitches in the Y direction as in Example 1 with the number of LEDs arranged at equal intervals in both X and Y directions reveals that the number of LEDs 11 in Example 1 is as small as approximately 83% of the number in the compared arrangement.
  • Example 1 whereas, in the compared arrangement, 24 LEDs in the X direction and 12 LEDs in the Y direction, and thus a total of 288 LEDs, are arranged, in Example 1, the LEDs in each outermost X-direction row (and thus a total of two X-direction rows) are eliminated and the remaining 240 (24 ⁇ 10) LEDs are arranged unequally.
  • the arrangement of the LEDs 11 in Embodiment 1 has as its purpose to permit humans to perceive the entire planar light to have uniform luminance. It may be for another purpose, for example to obtain increased luminance in a particular region in planar light, that the LEDs 11 are arranged so as to divide planar light into a plurality of sections to permit luminance to be varied section by section. Examples are arrangements of the LEDs 11 as shown in FIGS. 8 to 14 .
  • Example 8 In the arrangement of the LEDs 11 in FIG. 8 (Example 8), as in the arrangement of the LEDs in Example 1 shown in FIG. 1 , rows (X-direction rows) in which LEDs 11 are arranged at the same positions with respect to the Y direction and side by side along the X direction are arranged side by side in the Y direction so that a plurality of LEDs 11 are in a lattice-like (also the arrangements of the LEDs 11 in Examples 9 and 10 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 , respectively, described later, like that of Example 8, are matrix-like lattice arrangements in which the positions of the LEDs 11 with respect to the X direction between adjacent X-direction rows are the same from one X-direction row to the next).
  • the intervals between the Y-direction rows are equal, namely Px-s 1
  • the intervals between the X-direction rows are not equal (that is, there are a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the X-direction rows).
  • the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to near the planar center of the planar light is longer than the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light.
  • the two X-direction rows located fourth from the two outermost rows in the Y direction produce the light near the planar center of the planar light (whereas the other X-direction rows than those two produce the light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light).
  • the interval Py-c′ between those two X-direction rows is longer than the intervals Py-b′ and Py-a′ between the other adjacent X-direction rows (the intervals having the relationship interval Py-c′>interval Py-b′> interval Py-a′).
  • the planar light has higher luminance in a peripheral region elsewhere than near the planar center than in a region near the center.
  • the planar light is divided into a section (central section) in a region including the planar center and extending in the X direction and a section (peripheral section) in the region other than that region.
  • the intervals Py-a′ and Py-b′ between the X-direction rows that produce the light corresponding to the peripheral section is made smaller than the interval Py-c′ between the X-direction rows that produce the light corresponding to the central section, and this makes it possible to prevent insufficient luminance in a peripheral region of the planar light while retaining the uniformity of the planar light.
  • the peripheral section may be further divided into a plurality of subsections.
  • the intervals of the LEDs 11 that produce the light in the divided peripheral subsections may differ from one peripheral subsection to another (for example, in the arrangement of the LEDs 11 in FIG. 8 , the interval Py-a′ between the X-direction rows corresponding to the peripheral subsection far from the central section is shorter than the interval Py-b′ between the X-direction rows corresponding to the peripheral subsection near the central section).
  • This arrangement of the LEDs 11 makes flexible the luminance distribution of the planar light within the plane, and thus helps more reliably prevent humans from perceiving insufficient luminance in a peripheral region of the planar light.
  • the LEDs 11 may be arranged as shown in FIG. 9 (Example 9).
  • the intervals between the X-direction rows are equal, namely Py-s 1
  • the intervals between the Y-direction rows are not equal (that is, there are a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the Y-direction rows).
  • the interval between the Y-direction rows corresponding to near the planar center of the planar light is longer than the interval between the Y-direction rows corresponding to other than near the planar center of the planar light.
  • the four Y-direction rows located seventh and eights from the two outermost rows in the X direction produce the light near the planar center of the planar light (whereas the other Y-direction rows than those four produce the light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light).
  • the interval Px-c′ between those four Y-direction rows is longer than the intervals Px-b′ and Px-a′ between the other adjacent Y-direction rows (the intervals having the relationship interval Px-c′>interval Px-b′>interval Px-a′).
  • the planar light is divided into a section (central section) in a region including the planar center and extending in the Y direction and a section (peripheral section) in the region other than that region.
  • the intervals Px-a′ and Px-b′ between the Y-direction rows that produce the light corresponding to the peripheral section is made smaller than the interval Px-c′ between the X-direction rows that produce the light corresponding to the central section, and this makes it possible to prevent insufficient luminance in a peripheral region of the planar light while retaining the uniformity of the planar light.
  • the LEDs 11 may be arranged as shown in FIG. 10 (Example 10). More specifically, in the arrangement of the LEDs 11 in FIG. 10 , as in the arrangement of the LEDs in FIG. 3 , the intervals between the X-direction rows are not equal, nor are the intervals between the Y-direction rows (that is, there are a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the X-direction rows, and in addition there are a plurality of kinds of intervals among the intervals between the Y-direction rows).
  • the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to near the center of the planar light is longer than the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the center of the planar light, and in addition the intervals between the Y-direction rows corresponding to near the center of the planar light is longer than the intervals between the Y-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the center of the planar light.
  • the arrangement of the LEDs 11 in FIG. 10 is, so to speak, a mixture of the arrangements of the LEDs 11 in FIGS. 8 and 9 . Accordingly, in a group of LEDs 11 in a lattice arrangement with 16 of them in the X direction and 8 of them in the Y direction, the two X-direction rows located fourth from the two outermost rows in the Y direction and the four Y-direction rows located seventh and eighth from the two outermost rows in the X direction produce the light near the planar center of the planar light (whereas the LEDs 11 in the rows other than those just mentioned produce the light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light).
  • the interval Py-c′ between the two X-direction rows located fourth from the two outermost rows in the Y direction is longer than the intervals Py-b′ and Py-a′ between the other adjacent X-direction rows.
  • the interval Px-c′ between the four Y-direction rows located seventh and eighths from the two outermost rows in the X direction is longer than the intervals Px-b′ and Px-a′ between the other adjacent Y-direction rows.
  • the LEDs 11 may be arranged as shown in FIG. 11 (Example 11).
  • the positions of the LEDs 11 with respect to the X direction in adjacent X-direction rows differ from one X-direction row to the next.
  • the positions of the LEDs 11 with respect the Y direction in adjacent Y-direction rows differ from one Y-direction row to the next (also in Examples 12 and 13 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 described later, as in Example 11, the LEDs 11 are arranged in a staggered lattice arrangement).
  • the intervals between the Y-direction rows are equal, namely Px-s 2
  • the intervals between the X-direction rows are not equal.
  • the intervals between the X-direction rows corresponding to near the planar center of the planar light is longer than the intervals between the X-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light.
  • X-direction rows with 14 LEDs 11 and X-direction rows with 15 LEDs 11 are arranged alternately side by side in the Y direction to form a lattice arrangement composed of a total of nine X-direction rows.
  • the three X-direction rows located fourth, fifth, and sixth from one outermost row in the Y direction produce the light near the planar center of the planar light (whereas the X-direction rows other than those three produce the light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light).
  • the interval Py-g′ between those three X-direction rows is longer than the intervals Py-f′, Py-e′, and Py-d′ between the other adjacent X-direction rows (the intervals having the relationship interval Py-d′ ⁇ interval Py-e′ ⁇ interval Py-f′ ⁇ interval Py-g′).
  • the planar light is divided into a section (central section) in a region including the planar center and extending in the X direction and a section (peripheral section) in the region other than that region.
  • the intervals Py-d′, Py-e′, and Py-f′ between the X-direction rows that produce the light corresponding to the peripheral section is made shorter than the interval Py-g′ between the X-direction rows that produce the light corresponding to the central section, and this makes it possible to prevent insufficient luminance in a peripheral region of the planar light while retaining the uniformity of the planar light.
  • the LEDs 11 may be arranged as shown in FIG. 12 (Example 12), In the arrangement of the LEDs 11 in FIG. 12 , as in the arrangement of the LEDs in Example 5 shown in FIG. 5 , whereas the intervals between the X-direction rows are equal, namely Py-s 2 , the intervals between the Y-direction rows are not equal. In the arrangement of the LEDs 11 in FIG. 12 , however, unlike in the arrangement of the LEDs in FIG. 5 , the intervals between the Y-direction rows corresponding to near the planar center of the planar light is longer than the intervals between the Y-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light.
  • Y-direction rows with four LEDs 11 and Y-direction rows with five LEDs 11 are arranged alternately side by side in the X direction to form a lattice arrangement composed of a total of 29 Y-direction rows.
  • the five Y-direction rows located 13th to 17th from one outermost row in the X direction produce the light near the planar center of the planar light (whereas the Y-direction rows other than those five produce the light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light).
  • the interval Px-h′ between those five Y-direction rows is longer than the intervals Px-d′, Px-e′, Px-f′, and Px-g′ between the other adjacent Y-direction rows (the intervals having the relationship interval Px-d′ ⁇ interval Px-e′ ⁇ interval Px-f′ ⁇ interval Px-g′ ⁇ interval Px-h′).
  • the planar light is divided into a section (central section) in a region including the planar center and extending in the Y direction and a section (peripheral section) in the region other than that region.
  • the intervals Px-d′, Px-e′, Px-f′, and Px-g′ between the Y-direction rows that produce the light corresponding to the peripheral section are made shorter than the interval Px-h′ between the Y-direction rows that produce the light corresponding to the central section. This makes it possible to prevent insufficient luminance in a peripheral region of the planar light while retaining the uniformity of the planar light.
  • the LEDs 11 may be arranged as shown in FIG. 13 (Example 13). More specifically, the arrangement of the LEDs 11 in FIG. 13 is, like the arrangement of the LEDs 11 in Example 6 shown in FIG. 6 , a lattice arrangement in which the positions of the LEDs 11 with respect to the X direction in adjacent X-direction rows differ from one X-direction row to the next, and in addition the positions of the LEDs 11 with respect to the Y direction in adjacent Y-direction rows differ from one Y-direction row to the next.
  • the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to near the center of the planar light is longer than the interval between the X-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the center of the planar light, and in addition the intervals between the Y-direction rows corresponding to near the center of the planar light is longer than the intervals between the Y-direction rows corresponding to elsewhere than near the center of the planar light.
  • the arrangement of the LEDs 11 in FIG. 13 is, so to speak, a mixture of the arrangements of the LEDs 11 in FIGS. 11 and 12 . More specifically, X-direction rows with 14 LEDs 11 and X-direction rows with 15 LEDs 11 are arranged alternately side by side in the Y direction to form a lattice arrangement composed of a total of nine X-direction rows (in other words, Y-direction rows with four LEDs 11 and Y-direction rows with five LEDs 11 are arranged alternately side by side in the X direction to form a lattice arrangement composed of a total of 29 Y-direction rows).
  • the three X-direction rows located fourth, fifth, and sixth from one outermost row in the Y direction and the five Y-direction rows located 13th to 17th from one outermost row in the X direction produce the light near the planar center of the planar light (whereas the LEDs 11 in the rows other than those just mentioned produce the light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light).
  • the interval Py-g′ between the three X-direction rows located at fourth, fifth, and sixth from one outermost row in the Y direction is longer than the intervals Py-d′, Py-e′, and Py-f′ between the other adjacent X-direction rows.
  • the interval Px-h′ between five Y-direction rows located at 13th to 17th from one outermost row in the X direction are longer than the intervals Px-d′, Px-e′, Px-f′, and Px-g′ between the other adjacent Y-direction rows.
  • a group of LEDs 11 in a staggered arrangement may further include one or more LEDs (hatched by dots) that are not included in any X- or Y-direction row. Even a group of LEDs 11 in a matrix-like arrangement as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 may include one or more LEDs that are not included in any X- or Y-direction row. Providing such irregularly arranged LEDs 11 increases flexibility in the adjustment of the luminance of the planar light (i.e., makes finer luminance adjustment possible).
  • Embodiment 2 Specific values for the intervals at which the LEDs 11 are arranged in Embodiment 2 can be set as desired. To prevent an excessive lowering of luminance near the center of the planar light, it is preferable to set those value, for example, close to the intervals at which the LEDs 11 that produce the light near the center of the planar light are arranged in Embodiment 1 (the LEDs 11 need to be arranged, however, with consideration given to the cost balance of the backlight unit 49 , the balance of power consumption, and the balance of the uniformity of the planar light).
  • the X- and Y-direction rows which extend over its entire area in the X and Y directions respectively, include all the LEDs 11 .
  • the LEDs 11 may be arranged on any principle other than the regularity of X- and Y-direction rows.
  • the LEDs 11 may be arranged as shown in FIG. 15 (Example 15).
  • a plurality of LEDs 11 are in a planar arrangement, and the arrangement surface of this planar arrangement includes a plurality of divided regions 13 divided like a lattice (see the regions divided by dotted lines).
  • the LEDs 11 are so arranged as to be located within those divided regions 13 .
  • the number of LEDs 11 included in divided regions 13 near the center of the mounting surface 12 U is made greater than the number of LEDs 11 included in divided regions 13 near the periphery of the mounting surface 12 U.
  • the central divided regions 13 C the divided regions 13 in which the LEDs 11 that produce the light near the planar center of the planar light are located
  • the divided regions 13 in which the LEDs 11 that produce the peripheral light elsewhere than near the planar center of the planar light are located are referred to as the peripheral divided regions 13 T
  • the number of LEDs 11 included in the central divided regions 13 C is greater than the number of LEDs 11 included in the peripheral divided regions 13 T.
  • the number of LEDs 11 included in divided regions 13 near the periphery of the mounting surface 12 U is made greater than the number of LEDs 11 included in divided regions 13 near the center of the mounting surface 12 U. More specifically, preferably, the number of LEDs 11 included in the peripheral divided regions 13 T is greater than the number of LEDs 11 included in the central divided regions 13 C.
  • Embodiments 1 to 3 all the LEDs 11 in a lattice arrangement emit light in the same direction, and the light gathers to produce planar light (see FIG. 18 ). This, however, is not meant to limit how planar light is produced. For example, as shown in FIG. 20 , it is also possible to arrange LEDs 11 in one row along the X direction (a single LED module MJx) and in one row along the Y direction (a single LED module MJy) and make them emit light in different (for example, intersecting) directions so that the light overlaps to form planar light.
  • an LED module MJx in which LEDs 11 arranged side by side along the X direction are mounted on a mounting board 12 and an LED module MJy in which LEDs 11 arranged side by side along the Y direction are mounted on a mounting board 12 are arranged at intersecting side edges of a light guide plate 42 (i.e., preferably, one row of LEDs 11 arranged along the X direction and one row of LEDs 11 arranged along the Y direction intersect such that LEDs 11 are arranged two-dimensionally).
  • the light from the two LED modules MJ (MJx and MJy) is reflected repeatedly inside the light guide plate 42 and planar light emerges through the top face 42 U of the light guide plate 42 .
  • these are supplied with planar light (the light that leaks through the bottom face 42 B of the light guide plate 42 is reflected on a reflective sheet 43 to travel back into the light guide plate 42 ).
  • the purpose is to permit humans to perceive entire planar light to have uniform luminance, preferably, for example as shown in FIG. 22 (Example 17), among the LEDs 11 arranged in a row in the LED module MJx, the interval between the LEDs 11 near the center is made shorter than the interval between the LEDs 11 near the periphery, and among the LEDs 11 arranged in a row in the LED module MJy, the interval between the LEDs 11 near the center is made shorter than the interval between the LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • the backlight unit 49 may incorporate an LED module MJx having LEDs 11 arranged with a difference in density as shown in FIG. 22 in combination with an LED module MJy having LEDs 11 arranged with uniform density (i.e., an LED module MJy having LEDs 11 arranged at equal intervals). Reversely, the backlight unit 49 may incorporate an LED module MJy having LEDs 11 arranged with a difference in density as shown in FIG. 22 in combination with an LED module MJx having LEDs 11 arranged with uniform density.
  • the interval between the LEDs 11 near the center is made longer than the interval between the LEDs 11 near the periphery, and among the LEDs 11 arranged in a row in the LED module MJy, the interval between the LEDs 11 near the center is made longer than the interval between the LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • the backlight unit 49 may incorporate an LED module MJx having LEDs 11 arranged with a difference in density as shown in FIG. 23 in combination with an LED module MJy having LEDs 11 arranged with uniform density (i.e., an LED module MJy having LEDs 11 arranged at equal intervals). Reversely, the backlight unit 49 may incorporate an LED module MJy having LEDs 11 arranged with a difference in density as shown in FIG. 23 in combination with an LED module MJx having LEDs 11 arranged with uniform density.
  • LED modules MJ are arranged in an L shape in FIGS. 22 and 23 , this is not meant as any limitation.
  • two LED modules MJx may be arranged opposite each other across the light guide plate 42 (i.e., LED modules MJx may be arranged one at each of opposite side edges of the light guide plate 42 ).
  • planar light is supplied to the optical sheets 44 to 46 and to the liquid crystal display panel 59 .
  • Example 19 with a view to permitting humans to perceive the entire planar light to have uniform luminance, among the LEDs 11 in a row in each of the two LED modules MJx, the interval between the LEDs 11 near the center is made shorter than the interval between the LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • This arrangement is not meant as any limitation.
  • one alone may be an LED module MJx having LEDs arranged with a difference in density.
  • two LED modules MJx in which the interval between the LEDs 11 near the center is longer than the interval between the LEDs 11 near the periphery may be arranged opposite each other (needless to say, of the two LED modules MJx, one alone may be an LED module MJx having LEDs arranged with a difference in density).
  • LED modules MJx along the X direction are arranged opposite each other, this is not meant to be any limitation; instead, two LED modules MJy along the Y direction may be arranged opposite each other across the light guide plate 42 (i.e., LED modules MJy may be arranged one at each of opposite side edges of the light guide plate 42 ). Needless to say, among the LEDs 11 in a row in each of the two LED modules MJy, the interval between the LEDs 11 near the center may be shorter, or longer, than the interval between the LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • LED modules MJ that is, two LED modules MJx and two LED modules MJy
  • LED modules MJ may be arranged in a loop around the light guide plate 42 . That is, LED modules MJ may be arranged one at each of all—two pairs of mutually opposite—side edges of the light guide plate 42 .
  • the LEDs 11 in the LED modules MJ may be arranged at any intervals.
  • LED modules MJx and MJy may be arranged in which the intervals between LEDs 11 near the center is shorter than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • LED modules MJx and MJy may be arranged in which the intervals between LEDs 11 near the center is longer than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • LEDs 11 may be arranged with different kinds of density between opposite LED modules MJ.
  • the interval between LEDs 11 near the center is shorter than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery; in the other LED module MJx, the interval between LEDs 11 near the center is longer than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • the interval between LEDs 11 near the center is shorter than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery; in the other LED module MJy, the interval between LEDs 11 near the center is longer than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • the interval between LEDs 11 near the center may be shorter than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery; in the other LED module MJx, the interval between LEDs 11 near the center may be longer than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • the interval between LEDs 11 near the center may be shorter than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery; in the other LED module MJy, the interval between LEDs 11 near the center may be longer than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • the interval between LEDs 11 near the center may be shorter than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery; in the other LED module MJ (MJy or MJx), the interval between LEDs 11 near the center may be longer than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • each LED module MJ There is no particular restriction on the number of LEDs 11 included in each LED module MJ.
  • the number of LEDs 11 in the LED module MJx in which the interval between LEDs 11 near the center is shorter than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery may be greater than the number of LEDs 11 in the LED module MJx in which the interval between LEDs 11 near the center is longer than the interval between LEDs 11 near the periphery. This is because the number of LEDs 11 may be varied as necessary with consideration given to the cost balance of the backlight unit 49 , the balance of electric power consumption, and the balance of the uniformity of the planar light.
  • the backlight unit 49 may incorporate smaller mounting substrates 12 s , as if obtained by dividing the mounting board 12 in Example 2 (see FIG. 2 ) into two parts, with LEDs 11 in the same lattice arrangement on each of the mounting boards 12 s.
  • the mounting boards 12 s have a comparatively small size, and this facilitates the handling of the mounting boards 12 s in the manufacturing process of the backlight unit 49 .
  • the mounting board 12 s are of the same type, having the same electrode arrangement (and hence the same arrangement of LEDs 11 ), are accordingly easy to mass-produce, and thus help reduce the cost of the mounting board 12 s .
  • a backlight unit 49 incorporating such mounting boards 12 s can be manufactured easily and at reduced cost.
  • the size of the backlight unit 49 (and hence the size of the liquid crystal display panel 59 ) does not limit the application of the mounting boards 12 s.
  • FIG. 27 shows smaller mounting boards 12 s as if obtained by dividing the mounting board 12 in Example 2 into two parts
  • the number of mounting boards 12 s is not limited to two.
  • four smaller mounting boards 12 s as if obtained by dividing the mounting board 12 in Example 2 into four parts may be incorporated in the backlight unit 49 .
  • a desired arrangement of LEDs 11 may be achieved by incorporating a plurality of mounting boards 12 having the same arrangement of LEDs 11 .
  • the mounting boards 12 may be designed as shown in FIG. 28 (Example 23). Specifically, in Example 2 (see FIG. 2 ), the backlight unit 49 may incorporate five mounting boards 12 on each of which the interval between the Y-direction rows, which each have LEDs 11 arranged in a row, is equal.
  • this backlight unit 49 incorporates one mounting board 12 a on which the interval between four Y-direction rows is equal, namely Px-a.
  • this mounting board 12 a in the X direction two mounting boards 12 b are arranged on which the interval between three Y-direction rows is equal, namely Px-b.
  • mounting boards 12 c are arranged on which the interval between three Y-direction rows is equal, namely Px-c (with the intervals between the individual mounting boards 12 a to 12 c set appropriately).
  • a backlight unit 49 in which a plurality of mounting boards 12 ( 12 a , 12 b , 12 b , 12 c , and 12 c ) having LEDs 11 mounted on them are arranged, while the intervals between LEDs 11 are equal on each mounting board (for example, interval Px-a on the mounting board 12 a ), the intervals between LEDs 11 differ among the mounting boards ( 12 a , 12 b , 12 b , 12 c , and 12 c ). Even though a plurality of mounting boards 12 ( 12 a , 12 b , 12 b , 12 c , and 12 c ) with LEDs 11 arranged at different intervals are incorporated, the LEDs 11 are in a desired arrangement.
  • the LEDs 11 are arranged at equal intervals.
  • the mounting boards 12 ( 12 a , 12 b , 12 b , 12 c , and 12 c ) have comparatively small sizes, and this facilitates the handling of the mounting boards 12 in the manufacturing process of the backlight unit 49 .
  • a backlight unit 49 incorporating such mounting boards 12 can be manufactured easily and at reduced cost.
  • the size of the backlight unit 49 does not limit the application of the mounting boards 12 .
  • Example 22 deals with examples in which the LED modules MJ in Example 2 are used, similar designs are possible by use of any other LED modules MJ described in connection with Embodiments 1 to 4.
  • an imaginary line ILy may be set.
  • the imaginary line ILy lies on the planar center of the planar light, and can divide the plane of the planar light into a plurality of areas.
  • the arrangement of a plurality of LEDs 11 that produce the light in one of the so divided areas and the arrangement of a plurality of LEDs 11 that produce the light in the other of the so divided areas are line-symmetric about the imaginary line ILy.
  • an imaginary line ILx along the X direction my be set (this imaginary line ILx also lies on the planar center of the planar light).
  • the arrangement of a plurality of LEDs 11 that produce the planar light in one of the areas so divided by the imaginary line ILx and the arrangement of a plurality of LEDs 11 that produce the planar light in the other of the areas so divided by the imaginary line ILx are line-symmetric about the imaginary line ILx (that is, about the imaginary line ILy, the LEDs 11 are arranged symmetrically between left and right and, about the imaginary line ILx, the LEDs 11 are arranged symmetrically between top and bottom).
  • At least one imaginary line IL that lies on the planar center of the planar light and that can divide the planar light into a plurality of parts can be set. Then, the arrangement of a plurality of LEDs 11 that produce one of the so divided parts of the planar light and the arrangement of a plurality of LEDs 11 that produce the other of the so divided parts of the planar light are line-symmetric about the imaginary line IL.
  • control unit 21 shown in FIG. 19 controls the LEDs 11 in various ways according to a given algorism, the same sequence of control is repeated, and this alleviates the burden of control. It is also easy to produce the program for the control of the light emission of the LEDs 11 , which affects the luminance distribution of the planar light.
  • the control unit 21 may have the function of varying the current value (value of electric current) supplied to the LEDs 11 on an LED 11 by LED 11 basis. That is, the control unit 21 then controls the light emission luminance of the LEDs 11 by increasing and decreasing the current value supplied to the LEDs 11 (i.e., the control unit 21 varies the light emission luminance specific to the LEDs 11 on an LED 11 by LED 11 basis).
  • Example 24 which shows an arrangement of LEDs 11 similar to that in Example 3, the current value supplied to the LEDs 11 indicated by diagonal-line hatching may be made different from the current value supplied to the other LEDs 11 .
  • control unit (current controller) 21 varies the current value supplied to the LEDs 11 between LEDs 11 arranged at longer intervals and LEDs 11 arranged at shorter intervals, more specifically, in a case where the current value supplied to LEDs 11 arranged at longer intervals is higher than the current value supplied to LEDs 11 arranged at shorter intervals, the following applies.
  • the arrangement of the LEDs 11 is so devised that the luminance near the center of the planar light is higher than the luminance in the region elsewhere than near the center.
  • the control unit 21 controls the current value such that the current value supplied to LEDs 11 arranged at longer intervals (the LEDs 11 hatched with slant lines) is higher than the current value supplied to LEDs 11 arranged at shorter intervals (the LEDs 11 without hatching). This makes the luminance in the region elsewhere than near the planar center close to the luminance near the center of the planar light.
  • the backlight unit 49 incorporating the LEDs 11 of Example 24 despite a comparatively small number of LEDs 11 , reliably enhances the uniformity of the planar light.
  • control unit 21 may vary the current value supplied to the LEDs 11 indicated by diagonal-line hatching from the current value supplied to the other LEDs 11 .
  • the arrangement of the LEDs 11 (see FIG. 10 ) is so devised that the luminance in a region elsewhere than near the center of the planar light is higher than the luminance near the center of the planar light.
  • the control unit 21 controls the current value such that the current value supplied to LEDs 11 arranged at longer intervals (the LEDs 11 hatched with slant lines) is higher than the current value supplied to LEDs 11 arranged at shorter intervals (the LEDs 11 without hatching). This makes the luminance near the center of the planar light close to the luminance in the region elsewhere than near the planar center.
  • the backlight unit 49 incorporating the LEDs 11 of Example 25 despite a comparatively small number of LEDs 11 , reliably enhances the uniformity of the planar light.
  • the light emission luminance specific to the LEDs 11 is varied on an LED 11 by LED 11 basis to enhance the uniformity of the planar light.
  • the uniformity of the planar light can be enhanced by relying on a difference in light emission efficiency among LEDs 11 (i.e., by use of LEDs 11 that emit light at different luminance when supplied with a given current). That is, the light emission efficiency of LEDs 11 arranged at longer intervals may be higher than the light emission efficiency of LEDs 11 arranged at shorter intervals.
  • the light emission efficiency of LEDs 11 arranged at longer intervals may be higher than the light emission efficiency of LEDs 11 arranged at shorter intervals (the LEDs 11 without hatching).
  • This design permits the use of comparatively inexpensive LEDs 11 with low light emission luminance, and thus helps reduce the cost of the backlight unit 49 .
  • a control unit 21 that varies the luminance distribution of planar light by varying the current value supplied to LEDs 11 as described above can be called a luminance-varying system.
  • LEDs 11 with different light emission efficiency as the plurality of LEDs 11 that produce planar light can also be called a luminance-varying system (varying the luminance distribution of planar light encompasses, for example, varying planar light with a non-uniform luminance distribution in such a way as to make it uniform, and varying planar light with a uniform luminance distribution in such a way as to give it a non-uniform luminance distribution to a degree negligible in terms of the characteristics of the human visual sense).
  • control unit 21 supplies electric current to LEDs 11 in an unequal arrangement
  • this is not meant as any limitation.
  • the control unit 21 can vary the luminance distribution of planar light.
  • the current value supplied to LEDs 11 near the center may differ from the current value supplied to LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • a backlight unit 49 like this, it is possible both to permit humans to perceive the entire planar light to have uniform luminance and to prevent insufficient luminance in a peripheral region of the planar light while retaining the uniformity of the planar light.
  • the light emission efficiency of LEDs 11 near the center may differ from the light emission efficiency of LEDs 11 near the periphery.
  • a backlight unit 49 like this, it is possible both to permit humans to perceive the entire planar light to have uniform luminance and to prevent insufficient luminance in a peripheral region of the planar light while retaining the uniformity of the planar light.
  • the LEDs 11 in a lattice arrangement do not all have to emit light of the same color (for example, white) (that is, the LEDs 11 do not all need to be white-light-emitting LEDs 11 W).
  • white-light-emitting LEDs 11 W the light near the center of the planar light may be produced by mixing light from red-light-emitting LEDs 11 R, green-light-emitting LEDs 11 G, and blue-light-emitting LEDs 11 B.
  • the four LEDs 11 located within the central divided regions 13 C may be an LED 11 R, LED 11 G, LED 11 G, and LED 11 B, and the one LED 11 located within the peripheral divided regions 13 T may be an LED 11 W.
  • LEDs 11 as light-emitting devices are used as point light sources
  • this is not meant as any limitation.
  • light-emitting devices such as laser devices, or light-emitting devices formed of a self-luminous substance, such as organic or inorganic EL (electroluminescence) light-emitting devices, may be used.
  • light-emitting devices such as point light sources such as lamps may be used.
  • the control unit 21 shown in FIG. 19 may be incorporated in the liquid crystal display panel 59 or in the backlight unit 49 . That is, such members need to be incorporated in the liquid crystal display apparatus 69 .
  • Backlight units 49 as described above are particularly useful in attempting to enhance the quality of the image displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 59 by use of planar light (that is, backlight BL).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
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JP2009199218 2009-08-31
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EP2455652A1 (en) 2012-05-23
WO2011024498A1 (ja) 2011-03-03

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