US8769906B2 - Reinforcement system for concrete structures and a method for reinforcing an elongate concrete structure - Google Patents

Reinforcement system for concrete structures and a method for reinforcing an elongate concrete structure Download PDF

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US8769906B2
US8769906B2 US13/582,376 US201113582376A US8769906B2 US 8769906 B2 US8769906 B2 US 8769906B2 US 201113582376 A US201113582376 A US 201113582376A US 8769906 B2 US8769906 B2 US 8769906B2
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Prior art keywords
reinforcement elements
reinforcement
bars
loops
units
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US20130047545A1 (en
Inventor
Per Cato Standal
Leonard W. Miller
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Reforcetech Ltd
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Reforcetech Ltd
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Assigned to REFORCETECH LTD. reassignment REFORCETECH LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MILLER, LEONARD W., STANDAL, PER CATO
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/02—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance
    • E04C5/04—Mats
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E04C5/0636—Three-dimensional reinforcing mats composed of reinforcing elements laying in two or more parallel planes and connected by separate reinforcing parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reinforcement system for concrete structures, comprising a first set of reinforcement elements configured to be connected to and co-functioning with a second set of reinforcement elements, each of said first and second set of reinforcement elements comprises a number of more or less uniformly shaped units, intended to be tied together, the first and the second set of reinforcement elements being made of basalt or carbon fibers or glass fibers, embedded in a suitable matrix.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for reinforcing an elongate concrete structure, such as a wall element, beam, column, etc., where the reinforcement comprises at least a first and second set of reinforcement elements, each set comprising a number of more or less uniformly shaped units, intended to be assembled and tied together prior to concreting inside and around which, concrete is intended to be poured.
  • the reinforcement is made from straight bars, pre-bent bars and stirrups which are tied together in the formwork prior to concreting.
  • the bars are pre-cut and bent and to an extent handled by cranes.
  • Such bars may have a length of for example 20 m and a diameter in the range of for example 10 mm-50 mm, each bar thus representing a large weight and being heavy to handle for the operators placing the reinforcement.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a reinforcement system which is easy to handle both during transport, assembling and placing in the form work and where the manhours required for completing the assembly of reinforcement is minimized.
  • a further object of the invention is to improve the quality of a concrete structure and its structural integrity, and still being able to reduce the concrete coverage.
  • Another object of the present invention is to reduce assembly cost, need for use of heavy duty cranes and manhours required for placing of reinforcement in a concrete structure to be cast and to avoid use of stools or stirrups for separating the various reinforcement elements.
  • Another object of the invention is to eliminate the use of numbers of tools by using partial pre-tensioning of for example three cross basalt fiber reinforced plastics (BFRP) reinforcement bars, such that they hold the remaining cages in place allowing for a reduction in costs associated with labor and increasing dimensional accuracy of the position of the basalt fiber reinforcement cage.
  • BFRP cross basalt fiber reinforced plastics
  • Another object of the present invention is to reduce the weight and volumes required for transporting the reinforcement material from the site of manufacture to the construction site.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to enhance production and assembly of more or less completed prefabricated reinforcement systems wherein the various elements of the reinforcement system are transported as separate, flat packed units which easily may be handled by an operator.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a reinforcement system requiring as little concrete coverage as possible, if any, thus functioning in an optimal manner.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide a lightweight reinforcement concept, easily handled by one or more operator, where it is possible to prefabricate as much as possible of a tailor fit reinforcement system at a fabrication yard and transport such tailor made reinforcement in a flat pack condition for installation at a construction site without having to make many modifications or additional reinforcing operations.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a system which may easily be adapted to various complicated shapes without substantially increasing the fabrication cost for the reinforcement required or the construction costs for placing the reinforcement.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a concrete structure with improved fire resistance without having to increase concrete coverage or reinforcement complexity.
  • the reinforcement system for concrete structures comprises a first set of reinforcement elements configured to be connected to and co-functioning with a second set of reinforcement elements, each of said first and second set of reinforcement elements comprising a number of more or less uniformly shaped units, intended to be tied together, the first and/or second set of reinforcement elements being made of basalt or carbon fibers, embedded in a suitable matrix.
  • At least the units forming said first set of reinforcement elements are delivered to the construction site in a flat packed, compact state, each unit of said first reinforcement elements being configured to be stretched out into longer lengths when placed in situ and preferably being interconnected to at least several of the other units of said first reinforcement elements by means of at least one flexible or foldable, more or less continuous band.
  • said units of said second set of reinforcement elements also are delivered in a flat packed state and preferably having a more or less uniform shape, each unit of said second set of reinforcement elements preferably being interconnected to at least several of the other units of said second set of reinforcement elements by means of at least one flexible or foldable, more or less continuous band.
  • said first set of reinforcement may be made up of a plurality of separate loops; or continuous windings or coils.
  • said first set of reinforcement may be in the form of a number of separate J-, L- or U-shaped bars.
  • the second set of reinforcement elements may preferably, but not necessarily, be in the form of more or less parallel straight, J-, L- or U-shaped or similar shaped bars, interconnected by one or more flexible or foldable bands extending in lateral direction with respect to said bars, fixing at least several of said bars, in spaced relation to each other and enabling the bar reinforcement to be delivered in a rolled up mat ( 10 ) or flat pack configuration.
  • the band(s) may preferably be in the form of tape with an adhesive surface at least on one side of the tape, and that a part of the surface of the units of the reinforcement elements lies in direct contact with the adhesive surface on the tape, interlinking and retaining the units of the reinforcement elements in a predesigned position, forming a carpet or a looped, wound or coiled unit.
  • a second tape which preferably has an adhesive surface, is placed on top of said already placed tape, covering the opposite surface of the bars, thus fixing the position of the bars from being displaced laterally or axially.
  • carpet(s) of straight bars are in a threaded position in a central opening formed by a series of adjacently positioned loops, said carpet(s) being placed and fixed on a inner sides of the opening of the loops, windings or coils.
  • Carpets may be placed on top of and below a series of adjacently placed loops, the bars of the carpet(s) being fixed to said loops. If it is desirable to strengthen bars of a structure, the reinforcement bars may be threaded through the loops between parallel rows of loops are given a larger diameter than the diameter of the bars of the carpet, thus providing a reinforced beam structure along said joint.
  • At least the first set of reinforcement elements comprising several looped, winded or coiled units, interconnected by means of at least one interconnecting band, is delivered to a construction site in a reduced volume, flat packed condition and is then stretched out to its full length in the formwork in situ whereupon the second set of the reinforcement elements bars are placed in intended position with respect to said first set of stretched out reinforcement elements and then tied together.
  • Said second set of reinforcement elements which may comprise a number of juxtaposed straight bars, interconnected by at least one band forming a carpet, are delivered to the construction site in a reduced volume, flat packed condition and the stretched out on top of and tied to said already placed first set of reinforcement element and/or also placed below the first set of reinforcement prior to the placing of said first set of reinforcement element.
  • said second set of reinforcement elements which comprises a number of juxtaposed straight bars, may preferably be interconnected by at least one band forming a carpet, is delivered to the construction site in a reduced volume, flat packed condition and threaded into a series of adjacently arranged looped, winded or coiled units of the first set of reinforcement elements and then tied together at the various points of contact.
  • At least a second row of said first set of reinforcement elements is arranged adjacent said first row in an overlapping configuration, thereby providing a row of closed loop like opening, into which a number of straight reinforcing bars, preferably with lager diameters than the reinforcement bars incorporated in the carpet, are treaded and tied to the contacting points, thereby providing a reinforcement for an incorporated integrated beam, for example in the slab structure.
  • one embodiment may use a combination of prefabricated carpets, delivered as rolled up “carpets” and loops, either delivered as single loops to be incorporated into the carpet or as coils delivered in a compressed state and extended by an axial pull at the construction site as a step in the laying process of reinforcement prior to concreting.
  • the reinforcement may be delivered to the site in a pre-fabricated or assembled state, more or less ready to be laid directly in the formwork.
  • the system is easy to handle at the construction site, reducing the need for heavy lifting facilities. It is also possible to use smaller handling devices and fastening mechanisms in the installation phase. At the same time less labor manhours are required at the construction site to install the system together with faster installation due to thinner and lighter designs.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a top view of a reinforcement net or carpet according to the present invention, delivered to the construction site as a rolled-up “carpet”;
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically an end view of the reinforcement net or carpet shown in FIG. 1 in a rolled-up state according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically one embodiment of a suitable loop according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically a cross section through another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 shows five windings stretched in two directions between nets in the form of two pieces
  • FIG. 6 shows schematically two of the adjacently arranged rows of loops in n two carpets, shown in FIG. 5 , configured in an overlapping configuration as indicated in FIG. 4 , without showing the carpets of straight bars according to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 shows schematically a reinforcement carpet in stretched out mode, made of U-shaped reinforcement units, interconnected or tied together by bands;
  • FIG. 8 shows schematically a few possible shapes for the reinforcement to be applied in connection with a carpet according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a reinforcement net or carpet 10 according to the present invention in a rolled out and stretched state.
  • the net 10 comprises a number of straight bars 11 arranged in parallel and tied together by means of laterally arranged bands or strips 12 .
  • the number of bars 11 , the distance apart in stretched mode, the size and diameter of the bars 11 are governed by the specific intended use and may be varied without thereby deviating form the inventive concept.
  • the band or strips 12 may be of a flexible type with an adhesive surface at least on one of band.
  • two bands or strips 12 may for example be adhered together on a piggyback basis, arranged and fixed to the rods or bars 11 on each side, thereby interlocking the bars 11 in a secure and fixed position.
  • the tape used for establishing the band 12 should preferably be of a type allowing the assembled carpet to be rolled into a roll. Tape available on a commercial scale in the market may be used, the only real purpose of the tape(s) being to establish a carpet, connecting the reinforcement bars 11 together in an adjustable, spaced relation or to be compacted for transport, storing, handling and placing in a formwork in a rolled up state, still keeping the straight bars 11 in a parallel, predesigned spaced relation for the intended purpose.
  • the Figure discloses an embodiment where two bands 12 are shown, it should be appreciated that a plurality of transverse bands 12 may be used, depending upon the length of the bars 11 and the intended purpose of the carpet 10 .
  • the bars may preferably be made of a number of basalt fibers, embedded in a suitable matrix, cured in a proper manner so as to form straight, relatively rigid bars. 11 .
  • the number of fibers used in a bar 11 depend on the required dimension and/or strength.
  • FIG. 2 shows the reinforcement net or carpet 10 shown in FIG. 1 in a rolled-up or bundled state according to the present invention.
  • the tapes or the bands 12 are only attached to one side of the bars 11 .
  • the carpet may be delivered in stacks or the like.
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically one embodiment of a suitable closed loop 13 according to the present invention.
  • the loop 13 shown is provided with two longitudinal sides 14 and two short transverse ends 15 , said two longitudinal sides 14 and said two short transverse sides 15 being interconnected by means of curved corners 16 .
  • Examples of other shapes of the reinforcement units to form part of a carpet 10 are shown in FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically an end view of two rows of loops 13 in an over-lapping mode, assembled and interconnected with carpets 10 of straight bars 11 .
  • Each row of loops 13 comprises a large number of individual, separate loops 13 , more or less of the shape as indicated in FIG. 3 .
  • Said loops 13 in a row may be interconnected by one or more flexible bands 12 either attached to the outer surface of the two longitudinal sides 14 of the loops 13 and/or the corresponding internal surfaces of said longitudinal sides 14 .
  • Two (or more) loops 13 are arranged as pairs in a parallel spaced relation in two rows.
  • Such bands 12 may interconnect both the upper and lower longitudinal sides 14 on one loop 13 in a row with the corresponding longitudinal sides 14 of the neighboring loops 13 .
  • a series of loops may be compacted and transported, stored and handled as the compact entity in the same manner as for the straight bar carpet described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • pairs of loops 13 are used, the loops 13 in each pair 13 being configured in an overlapping pattern, i.e. that one end of a first loop 13 in each pair overlaps one end of a second loop 13 in the pair.
  • a carpet 10 is rolled out resting on the inner surface of the longitudinal side 14 of the first set of loops 13 , configured in such way that the direction of bands 12 are parallel with the main direction of loops 13 .
  • a corresponding net 10 is intended to be attached to the inner surface of upper longitudinal side 14 of the loop 13 . For clarity, however, such second net 10 is not shown.
  • the overlapping ends of the loops 13 in each pair form a duct or a space through which straight bars 11 are threaded and fixed to the inner surface at least of the curved corners 16 of each end and possibly to the transverse ends 15 and/or possibly also to the longitudinal part 15 , if the dimensions or load transfer capacity so require.
  • the mats 10 On the opposite side of the overlapping ends of the loops 13 , the mats 10 have not yet been installed.
  • the loops become rather rigid and can be joined by normal metal wire tying techniques using steel wire, stainless steel wire or coated steel wires and automatic or manual tying.
  • Normal stools and supports can be used to link the vertical wall to the forms or position within the forms.
  • the assembled cage according to this embodiment comprises a large number of pairs of loops 13 in each row, of which only one pair is shown, in an overlapping configuration, wherein a secondary “closed” additional loop 17 is formed as part of the overlapping pattern and configuration.
  • the bars 11 of the net 10 are arranged inside the parts of the loops 13 falling outside said “closed” loop 17 , attached to the two inner surface of the loops 13 , i.e. the upper and lower, inner surface of said parts of the loops 13 .
  • additional bars 11 ′ are arranged in a configuration as shown. These bars 11 ′ are inserted from one end of the “closed” loop 17 formed by the overlapping ends of the loops 13 .
  • the diameter of the bars 11 ′ may be larger than the diameter 11 of the bars outside said “closed” loop 17 , whereby an inherent beam construction may be provided in the concreted end product, making such part of the structure more rigid than the remaining parts of the structure. Further, it should be appreciated that the number of the bars and/or the density of the bars may be elected so as to further increase the beam effect of this portion of the structure.
  • the straight bar carpet is arranged inside the loop 13 . It should be appreciated, however, that said carpets, as indicated in FIG. 4 , may be place on top of or below each row of loops without deviating from the present invention.
  • the bars should preferably be arranged in such way that a bar 13 is arranged at each corner bend 16 , thus enhancing the stiffness of the construction.
  • the reinforcement cage as shown in FIG. 4 may either be preassembled off-line in a work shop, for example in a sheltered environment, then transported to the construction site and then lifted into the formwork, optionally assembled and linked with other preassembled or assembled in situ placed.
  • the carpet 10 may be threaded into the loops 13 from one end, linking the straight bars 11 with the loops 13 in situ.
  • loops 13 in a pair may be chosen from one to a large number, depending upon the intended structure to be fabricated.
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically a five row loop windings 13 stretched in two directions between an upper and lower set of nets 10 , while the number of pairs of loops 13 in a row is twenty-one in the shown embodiment.
  • the loops 13 in the row are configured in such way that two adjacent ends of the loops 3 are attached in an alternating manner, thus forming a zig-zag or wound/coiled pattern. That is to say, one end of a loop 13 is fixed to the neighboring end of an adjacent loop 13 , while the opposite end of the neighboring loop 13 is fixed to the adjacent end of the next loop 13 and so on.
  • a slab having four beams 17 incorporated in concreted.
  • the “loops” are made of windings of a continuous string, given a nearly closed loop shaped form.
  • the “loop” has a rectangular shape. It should be appreciated, however, that the shape of such “loop” may for example be square, polygonal, oval or round, dependent upon and adapted to the shape of the concreted end product.
  • FIG. 6 shows schematically two of the adjacently arranged rows of loops in two of the carpets, shown in FIG. 5 , configured in an overlapping configuration as indicated in FIG. 4 , without showing the associated carpets of straight bars according to the present invention. In the overlapping part, the central loops 17 are indicated.
  • FIG. 7 shows schematically a reinforcement carpet in stretched out mode, made of U-shaped reinforcement units, interconnected or tied together by bands 12 .
  • the carpets 10 of straight bars 11 are not shown.
  • Such reinforcement may for example be used in conjunction with building pontoons or the like.
  • FIG. 8 a - f shows schematically a few possible shapes for the reinforcement to be applied in connection with a carpet according to the present invention.
  • the reinforcement system according to the present invention is for example well suited for use in connection with tunnel lining elements.
  • structural integrity during and after a fire is of great importance.
  • due to limited space use of heavy lifting facilities are also prohibited.
  • loop as such still contributes to the structural integrity of the concrete structure exposed to a fire, since the matrix is burned out, while the basalt fibers remain intact. Hence, the concrete structure will also be able to withstand the fire destruction test and still be capable of holding own weight.
  • loop shaped windings or coils may be configured in any other way, such as to function as reinforcement for a curved structure, such as an arc, an U-shaped structure, a torso or the like without deviating from the inventive idea.
  • first set of reinforcement is in the form of loops, helicals with a circular or four sided form, it should be appreciated that the form may be polygonal, oval etc. Further, said first set of reinforcement elements may have an L-shape, a U-shape or J-shape without deviating from the inventive idea.
  • the second set of reinforcement elements are disclosed as straight bars, it should be appreciated that these may be curved, or for example have an L-shape, a U-shape or J-shape without deviating from the inventive idea.
  • each winding, loop or coil in a row does not necessary have to be equal, such distance may be varied dependent upon type and magnitude of appearing forces, design etc.
  • carriers used herein, is meant to mean a number of more or less uniformly shaped reinforcement units arranged more or less in a parallel position with respect to each other, interconnected or tied together by means of one or more, preferably at least two or more flexible, bendable bands, arranged in such way that the carpet may be in a compressed, compact state during transport and storing and stretched out more or less to its full length in an installed state in a formwork, the maximum distance between each reinforcement unit being decided by the length of the bands between two adjacent reinforcement units.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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US13/582,376 2010-03-03 2011-03-01 Reinforcement system for concrete structures and a method for reinforcing an elongate concrete structure Active US8769906B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20100293 2010-03-03
NO20100293A NO333023B1 (no) 2010-03-03 2010-03-03 Armeringssystem og fremgangsmate for bygging av betongkonstruksjoner.
PCT/NO2011/000069 WO2011108941A1 (en) 2010-03-03 2011-03-01 Reinforcement system for concrete structures and a method for reinforcing an elongate concrete structure

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US20130047545A1 US20130047545A1 (en) 2013-02-28
US8769906B2 true US8769906B2 (en) 2014-07-08

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US (1) US8769906B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2542733A4 (de)
JP (1) JP2013521420A (de)
KR (1) KR20130087365A (de)
CN (1) CN103038428B (de)
AU (1) AU2011221649B2 (de)
BR (1) BR112012022228A2 (de)
CA (1) CA2791840A1 (de)
MX (1) MX2012010163A (de)
NO (1) NO333023B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2012142003A (de)
SG (1) SG183566A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2011108941A1 (de)

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US20190323239A1 (en) * 2018-04-20 2019-10-24 Solidian Gmbh Reinforcement Arrangement and Method for Producing a Construction Material Body Using the Reinforcement Arrangement

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SE539878C2 (sv) 2013-09-13 2018-01-02 Sf Marina System Int Ab Förfarande för tillverkning av en flytande spännarmerad betongkonstruktion samt en sådan betongkonstruktion
KR101795511B1 (ko) * 2014-12-08 2017-11-10 김광섭 건축용 데크패널
JP6964285B2 (ja) * 2017-04-13 2021-11-10 育弘 松崎 鉄筋コンクリート造基礎スラブの配筋構造および鉄筋ユニットのセット
CN108590164B (zh) * 2018-05-07 2019-10-15 中国矿业大学 一种trc折叠式可拼装永久性模板及其制作方法
JP7373419B2 (ja) * 2019-02-06 2023-11-02 株式会社フジタ 補強材

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AU2011221649A1 (en) 2012-09-27
CN103038428B (zh) 2015-08-05
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NO333023B1 (no) 2013-02-18
NO20100293A1 (no) 2011-09-05
CN103038428A (zh) 2013-04-10
SG183566A1 (en) 2012-10-30
AU2011221649B2 (en) 2014-10-02
EP2542733A4 (de) 2016-12-21
US20130047545A1 (en) 2013-02-28
EP2542733A1 (de) 2013-01-09
JP2013521420A (ja) 2013-06-10
KR20130087365A (ko) 2013-08-06
CA2791840A1 (en) 2011-09-09
MX2012010163A (es) 2013-01-22
RU2012142003A (ru) 2014-04-10

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