US8435692B2 - Fuel cell - Google Patents

Fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
US8435692B2
US8435692B2 US12/598,515 US59851508A US8435692B2 US 8435692 B2 US8435692 B2 US 8435692B2 US 59851508 A US59851508 A US 59851508A US 8435692 B2 US8435692 B2 US 8435692B2
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Prior art keywords
joint
fuel cell
reaction gas
cell stack
hole
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US20100136460A1 (en
Inventor
Soichi Shibata
Susumu Hatano
Hiroki Kusakabe
Eiichi Yasumoto
Toshihiro Matsumoto
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Panasonic Corp
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Panasonic Corp
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Assigned to PANASONIC CORPORATION reassignment PANASONIC CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MATSUMOTO, TOSHIHIRO, HATANO, SUSUMU, KUSAKABE, HIROKI, SHIBATA, SOICHI, YASUMOTO, EIICHI
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/242—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes comprising framed electrodes or intermediary frame-like gaskets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel cell. More particularly, the present invention relates to a fuel cell having a mechanism for preventing flooding.
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of an end portion of a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell 51 .
  • the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 51 includes a cell stack 53 in which plural cells 52 each containing the polymer electrolyte membrane are stacked, current collectors 54 are provided at both ends of the cell stack 53 , and end plates 55 are provided outside the current collectors 54 . They are fastened by tightening them from both sides by bolts.
  • a reaction gas supply inlet 56 is provided at an end surface of the fuel cell 51 to supply reaction gases (fuel gas and oxidizing gas) required for power generation and an external pipe P is connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 56 to feed the reaction gases.
  • the polymer electrolyte membrane included in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 51 must always maintain a wet state to keep ion conductivity.
  • at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas (hereinafter these are referred to as reaction gases) which contact the polymer electrolyte membrane is humidified and then is supplied to the fuel cell 51 .
  • the reaction gas is humidified to a state which is close to a saturated state. Therefore, performance degradation phenomenon called “flooding” occurs, in which if the temperature of the pipe in a path is lower than the temperature of the reaction gas, water condensation occurs, impeding supply of the reaction gas and reducing a power generation voltage.
  • the heat insulating material cannot be wound around a portion inside the fuel cell 51 , and consequently, water condensation may occur depending on the use condition.
  • the temperature of the interior i.e., cell stack 53
  • the end plate 55 which is located at an outermost side and has a large thickness cannot increase in temperature according to an temperature increase in the interior of the fuel cell (cell stack 53 ) and a low-temperature state continues immediately after the start-up. For this reason, water condensation occurs inside a portion of a path in the vicinity of the end plate 55 .
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of an end surface portion of a fuel cell 61 having the above described structure, in which FIG. 12( a ) is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 12( b ) is a perspective view.
  • the fuel cell 61 includes a joint 63 connecting a cell stack 62 to an external pipe P.
  • a current collector 64 and an end plate 65 have a through-hole 66 and a through-hole 67 , respectively, which have a larger diameter than the joint 63 so that the joint 63 does not contact the end plate 65 .
  • the joint 63 since the joint 63 does not contact the end plate 65 , it is possible to prevent water condensation within the reaction gas path (within the joint 63 ) which may be caused by contact with the end plate 65 .
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell including a reaction gas supply path which makes it difficult to cause water condensation in a region near an end plate.
  • a fuel cell of the present invention comprises a cell stack having a reaction gas passage inside thereof and having on one end surface thereof a reaction gas supply inlet from which a reaction gas is supplied to the reaction gas passage; a joint connecting the reaction gas supply inlet to an external pipe for supplying the reaction gas; a plate-shaped end member which is disposed on one end surface of the cell stack and has a through-hole into which the joint is inserted so as not to contact an inner wall surface thereof; and a closing structure for substantially closing a space formed between the joint and the inner wall surface of the through-hole.
  • the term “end member” refers to a member located in the vicinity of an end portion of the fuel cell, and includes a combination of an end plate (including an insulating plate) and a current collector, as well as the end plate (including the insulating plate).
  • the substantially closed space is formed between the joint and the through-hole, thermal movement from the joint to the outside air can be suppressed, and thus a temperature decrease of the joint can be prevented. Therefore, in accordance with such a structure, it is possible to provide a fuel cell including the reaction gas supply path which makes it difficult to cause water condensation in a region near the end plate.
  • the term “substantially closed space” refers to a space which is sealed so as to prevent convection of the outside air, and does not always mean a space having perfect air-tightness.
  • a portion of the end member which surrounds the through-hole may protrude outward.
  • the substantially closed space can be extended up to a region near the external pipe to attain a larger size, the portion of the joint which contacts the outside air can be reduced.
  • the fuel cell may further comprise a closing member formed annularly so as to surround the joint inside the through-hole, and the closing member may form the closing structure.
  • the through-hole may have a small-diameter portion having an inner diameter smaller than an inner diameter of a portion of the through-hole which is other than the small-diameter portion, and the small-diameter portion may form the closing structure.
  • the number of components and members can be reduced.
  • the joint may have a large-diameter portion having an outer diameter larger than an outer diameter of a portion of the joint which is other than the large-diameter portion, and the large-diameter portion may have the closing structure.
  • the number of components and members can be reduced.
  • a base end portion of the joint may have a flat-plate shape and the base end portion is sandwiched between the cell stack and the end member.
  • the fuel cell may further comprise a gas seal member provided between the end member and the joint such that the gas seal member is located outward relative to the substantially closed space.
  • a gas seal member provided between the end member and the joint such that the gas seal member is located outward relative to the substantially closed space.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a cell according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a joint and its surrounding portion according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a joint and its surrounding portion according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a joint and its surrounding portion according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarge view of a joint and its surrounding portion according to Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a joint and its surrounding portion according to Embodiment 5.
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a joint and its surrounding portion according to Embodiment 6.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a fuel cell according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a view showing a conventional fuel cell.
  • FIG. 12 is a view showing a conventional fuel cell.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 .
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fuel cell 1 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the fuel cell 1 of Embodiment 1 comprises a cell stack 2 , current collectors 3 , end plates 4 , joints 5 to 8 , and closing members 9 .
  • the cell stack 2 is formed to include plural cells 10 which are stacked. Typically, about 2 to 200 cells 10 are stacked to form the cell stack 2 , according to a desired output electric power.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the cell 10 according to Embodiment 1. Each cell includes a MEA (Membrane Electrode Assembly) 11 , gas seals 12 and separators 13 .
  • MEA Membrane Electrode Assembly
  • the MEA 11 has a structure in which catalyst layers 15 are provided on both sides of a polymer electrolyte membrane 14 and gas diffusion layers 16 are stacked outside the catalyst layers 15 .
  • the polymer electrolyte membrane 14 is formed by a cation exchange resin which selectively transports hydrogen ions.
  • the catalyst layer 15 contains as a major component carbon powder carrying metal such as platinum, having a catalytic function.
  • the gas diffusion layer 16 has gas permeability of the reaction gases (fuel gas and oxidizing gas) and electron conductivity.
  • the catalyst layer 15 and the gas diffusion layer 16 are collectively referred to as electrodes.
  • the gas seals 12 have an annular shape and are disposed on the outer surfaces of the MEA 11 so as to surround the electrodes ( 15 , 16 ).
  • the gas seals 12 serve to prevent leak of a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas to outside and mixing between different gases.
  • the separators 13 are respectively disposed outside the gas seals 12 and the electrodes ( 15 , 16 ).
  • the separators 13 are provided with channels on both surfaces. Among the channels, a channel 13 a formed on an inner surface serves to supply the reaction gas (fuel gas or the oxidizing gas) to the catalyst layer 15 , while a channel formed on an outer surface serves to flow cooling water between the cells 10 .
  • the separator 13 has electric conductivity and is capable of electrically connecting adjacent MEAs 11 to each other. Whereas in Embodiment 1, heat generated in the MEA 11 is removed using the cooling water, the MEA 11 may be cooled using a cooling fin or a heat transmission pipe.
  • each channel formed on the separator 13 is connected to a supply manifold hole, while the downstream end thereof is connected to a discharge manifold hole.
  • Manifold holes are formed on the peripheral portion of the MEA 11 to respectively correspond to the manifold holes of the separator 13 .
  • the cell stack 2 according to Embodiment 1 is provided with two reaction gas supply manifolds, two reaction gas discharge manifolds, one cooling water supply manifold, and one cooling water discharge manifold which are formed in this way so as to extend in a direction in which they are stacked.
  • One ends of the two reaction gas supply manifolds form two reaction gas supply inlets
  • the two reaction gas discharge manifolds form two reaction gas discharge outlets
  • one end of the cooling water supply manifold forms a cooling water supply inlet
  • one end of the cooling water discharge manifold forms a cooling water discharge outlet.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the fuel cell 1 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the passages supply inlets used for supplying the reaction gases (fuel gas and oxidizing gas) and the cooling water and discharge outlets used for discharging the reaction gases and the cooling water. Accordingly, as shown in FIG.
  • reaction gas supply inlets 17 to which the reaction gases are supplied two reaction gas discharge outlets 18 from which the reactions gases are discharged, one cooling water supply inlet 19 to which the cooling water is supplied and one cooling water discharge outlet 20 from which the cooling water is discharged are formed on one end surface of the end surfaces of the cell stack 2 (outer surface of the separator 13 in the cell located at outermost side).
  • the reaction gases and the cooling water which enter through the supply inlets 17 and 19 pass through inside or boundary of the cells 10 , and are discharged from the discharge outlets 18 and 20 .
  • the current collectors 3 are disposed at both sides of the cell stack 2 and serve to allow good electric contact between the cells and an external circuit. As shown in FIG. 3 , one of the two current collectors 3 is provided with rectangular through-holes 21 in locations respectively corresponding to the supply inlets 17 and 19 and the discharge outlets 18 and 20 which are provided in the cell stack 2 . The joints 5 to 8 are respectively inserted into the through-holes 21 .
  • the end plates 4 are respectively disposed outside the current collectors 3 and serve to sandwich the cell stack 2 and the current collectors 3 from both sides and fasten them.
  • Bolts 22 (threaded portions are omitted in FIGS. 1 and 3 ) are used as fastener means for fastening the cell stack 2 and the current collectors 3 .
  • the length of the bolts 22 used here is substantially equal to the length of the fuel cell 1 in the direction in which the cells are stacked.
  • the bolts 22 are inserted into the bolt through-holes of one end plate 4 , through the inside the current collector 3 and the cell stack 2 , and through the bolt through-holes of the other end plate 4 and are attached to nuts (not shown) located outside, fastening the entire fuel cell 1 .
  • the end plates 4 which must press the entire fuel cell 1 firmly from both sides are required to have high stiffness. Therefore, the end plates 4 are required to have a certain thickness.
  • one of the two end plates 4 is provided with circular through-holes 23 in locations respectively corresponding to the supply inlets 17 and 19 and the discharge outlets 18 and 20 which are provided on the cell stack 2 .
  • the joints 5 to 8 are respectively inserted into the through-holes 23 .
  • the end plate 4 is formed by, for example, resin and is insulative.
  • the end plate 4 is formed by a single member but may be formed by an insulative plate (insulating plate) disposed inside and a stiffness plate (so-called end plate) disposed outside. Alternatively, the end plate 4 may have a two-layer structure in which the insulative plate and the stiffness plate are integral with each other.
  • the joints 5 to 8 respectively serve to connect the supply inlets 17 and 19 and the discharge outlets 18 and 20 which are provided on the cell stack 2 to external pipes P (see FIG. 4 ).
  • the joints 5 to 8 are respectively attached to the supply inlets 17 and 19 and the discharge outlets 18 and 20 .
  • water condensation may occur in the joint 5 attached to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 .
  • the joint 5 mainly includes a cell stack connecting portion 5 a , an external pipe connecting portion 5 b , and a tubular portion 5 c .
  • the cell stack connecting portion 5 a is provided at a base end portion of the joint 5 and is connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 provided on the cell stack 2 .
  • the external pipe connecting portion 5 b is provided at a tip end portion of the joint 5 and is connectable to the external pipe P (see FIG. 4 ).
  • the tubular portion 5 c is provided in a center region between the cell stack connecting portion 5 a and the external pipe connecting portion 5 b , forming the reaction gas passage.
  • the joint 5 has been described here, and the joints 6 to 8 have the same structure as that of the joint 5 . It is desirable that the joints 5 to 8 be formed of a material such as resin, having low heat conductivity. By using the material having low heat conductivity, water condensation which may be caused by thermal influence from outside can be suppressed. Whereas in Embodiment 1, the six joints 5 to 8 have the same structure, they may be altered to have, for example, a larger inner diameter, according to quality or flow rate of the fluid flowing in the joints 5 to 8 .
  • the closing member 9 has a flat plate shape and an annular shape. As shown in FIG. 1 , the closing members 9 are respectively located inside the through-holes 23 of the end plate 4 and are respectively attached to surround the joints 5 to 8 (the closing members 9 are fitted to the joints 5 to 8 so that the joints 5 to 8 are inserted into the inner holes thereof). It is desired that the closing members 9 be formed of a material such as resin or wood, having low heat conductivity. Whereas in Embodiment 1, the closing members 9 are attached to all of the joints 5 to 8 , the closing member 9 may be attached only to the joint 5 connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 . The above is an outline of the fuel cell 1 of Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the joint 5 connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 , and its surrounding portion, among the joints 5 to 8 according to Embodiment 1, in which FIG. 4( a ) is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 4( b ) is a perspective view.
  • FIG. 4( a ) is a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 4( b ) is a perspective view.
  • the joints 6 to 8 and their surrounding portions have the same structure. As shown in FIG.
  • a male thread is formed at the cell stack connecting portion 5 a which is located at the base end portion of the joint 5 , while a female thread is formed at the end surface of the cell stack 2 (outer surface of the separator in the cell 10 located at the outermost end).
  • the male thread of the cell stack connecting portion 5 a is threaded into the female thread of the cell stack 2 , fastening the joint 5 to the end surface of the cell stack 2 such that the joint 5 protrudes outward therefrom.
  • the external pipe connecting portion 5 b located at the tip end portion of the joint 5 is located outward relative to the end surface of the end plate 4 and is connectable to the external pipe P.
  • the external pipe connecting portion 5 b has a structure for allowing the connecting portion 5 b to be connected to the external pipe P by a one-touch operation.
  • other connecting mechanism may be used.
  • the external pipe connecting portion 5 b may be connected to the external pipe P by threaded members.
  • the tubular portion 5 c located at the center portion of the joint 5 has a structure in which a large part in the longitudinal direction is located inside the through-hole 23 .
  • the outer diameter of the tubular portion 5 c is smaller than a side of the through-hole 21 of the current collector 3 or the inner diameter of the through-hole 23 of the end plate 24 .
  • the inner wall surfaces of the through-holes 21 and 23 surround the joints 5 with a gap between them. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4( a ), a gap 24 is formed between the joint 5 and the inner wall surfaces of the through-holes 21 and 23 .
  • the closing member 9 is disposed such that an upper surface thereof is substantially coplanar with the outer surface of the end plate 4 . Thereby, the closing member 9 closes the opening of the gap 24 formed between the joint 5 and the through-holes 21 and 23 , forming a closing structure. With the closing structure, a substantially closing space is formed between the joint 5 and the through-holes 21 and 23 . Although a gap is not substantially formed between the closing member 9 and the end plate 4 in the configuration of FIG. 4 , some gap is permissible so long as convection of air inside the closing space and the outside air can be prevented.
  • Embodiment 1 Since a substantial closed space is formed between the joint 5 and the through-hole 23 of the end plate 4 , the air from outside can be blocked while heating the air inside the closed space by heat transmitted from the cell stack 24 . For this reason, even during use in cold places, a temperature decrease of the joint 5 due to the outside air can be prevented and therefore the water condensation which would occur inside the joint 5 can be suppressed.
  • the closing member 9 By disposing the closing member 9 between the joint 5 and the end plate 4 without a gap, the joint 5 is supported by the closing member 9 . As a result, stiffness of the joint 5 and its surrounding portion is improved.
  • the joints 5 to 8 are directly connected to the cell stack 2 , they may be connected to the current collector 3 .
  • the current collector 3 is not provided with the through-holes 21 and is in contact with the joints 5 to 8 .
  • the wall surfaces of the through-holes 23 of the end plate 4 surround the joints 5 to 8 with a gap between them.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the joint 5 connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 and its surrounding portion in the fuel cell 1 A according to Embodiment 2, in which FIG. 5( a ) is a cross-sectional view and FIG.
  • FIG. 5( b ) is a perspective view.
  • the structure of the joint 5 connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 and its surrounding portion will be described. The same occurs in the joints 6 to 8 and their surrounding portions.
  • FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 which is referred to in Embodiment 1.
  • the fuel cell 1 A according to Embodiment 2 has substantially the same structure as that of the fuel cell 1 of Embodiment 1 but is different in structure from the fuel cell 1 of Embodiment 1 in that a surrounding portion 25 surrounding the through-hole 23 which is a part of the end surface of the end plate 4 protrudes outward (toward the tip end of the joint 5 ) in the fuel cell 1 A of Embodiment 2.
  • a substantially closed space formed between the joint 5 and the though-hole 23 of the end plate 4 can be made larger. In this closed space, a larger part of the joint 5 in the longitudinal direction is accommodated, reducing a region where water condensation occurs.
  • Embodiment 2 is effective to the joint 5 which has a large height.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the joint 5 connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 and its surrounding portion in the fuel cell 1 B according to Embodiment 2, in which FIG. 6( a ) is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 6( b ) is a perspective view.
  • FIG. 6( a ) is a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 6( b ) is a perspective view.
  • the structure of the joint 5 connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 and its surrounding portion will be described. The same occurs in the joints 6 to 8 and their surrounding portions. As shown in FIG.
  • the fuel cell 1 B according to Embodiment 3 has substantially the same structure as that of the fuel cell 1 A according to Embodiment 2 but is different in structure from the fuel cell 1 A according to Embodiment 2 in that the fuel cell 1 A according to Embodiment 2 includes the closing member 9 , while the fuel cell 1 B according to Embodiment 3 does not include the closing member 9 but instead the through-hole 23 of the end plate 4 has a small-diameter portion 26 having an inner diameter smaller than that of its surrounding portion.
  • the fuel cell 1 B according to Embodiment 3 is different in structure from the fuel cell 1 A according to Embodiment 2 in that an opening portion of the through-hole 23 of the end plate 4 protrudes radially inward.
  • the closing member 9 may be omitted. As a result, the number of components and members and working steps of the fuel cell 1 B can be reduced.
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the joint 5 connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 of the fuel cell 1 C and its surrounding portion according to Embodiment 4, in which FIG. 7( a ) is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 7( b ) is a perspective view.
  • FIG. 7( a ) is a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 7( b ) is a perspective view.
  • the structure of the joint 5 and its surrounding portion connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 will be described. The same occurs in the joints 6 to 8 and their surrounding portions. As shown in FIG.
  • a fuel cell 1 C according to Embodiment 4 has substantially the same structure as that of the fuel cell 1 A according to Embodiment 2 but is different in structure from the fuel cell 1 A according to Embodiment 2 in that the fuel cell 1 A according to Embodiment 2 includes the closing member 9 , while the fuel cell 1 C according to Embodiment 4 does not include the closing member 9 but instead the joint 5 has a large-diameter portion 27 having a larger outer diameter than its surrounding portion.
  • the fuel cell 1 C according to Embodiment 4 is different in structure from the fuel cell 1 A according to Embodiment 2 in that a portion of the joint 5 which is located in the opening portion of the through-hole 23 protrudes radially outward.
  • the closing member 9 may be omitted. As a result, the number of components and members and working steps of the fuel cell 1 C can be reduced, as in the fuel cell 1 B according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the joint 5 connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 and its surrounding portion in a fuel cell 1 D according to Embodiment 5, in which FIG. 8( a ) is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 8( b ) is a perspective view.
  • FIG. 8( a ) is a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 8( b ) is a perspective view.
  • the structure of the joint 5 connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 and its surrounding portion will be described. The same occurs in the joints 6 to 8 and their surrounding portions. As shown in FIG.
  • the fuel cell 1 D according to Embodiment 5 has substantially the same structure as that of the fuel cell 1 C according to Embodiment 4 but is different in structure from the fuel cell 1 C according to Embodiment 4 in that the cell stack connecting portion (base end portion) 5 a has a male thread and the male thread is threaded into the cell stack 2 in the fuel cell 1 C of Embodiment 4, while the cell stack connecting portion 5 a has a flat-plate shape extending along the end surface of the cell stack 2 and is retained between the cell stack 2 and the end plate 4 in the fuel cell 1 D according to Embodiment 5.
  • the through-hole 21 of the current collector 3 is sized to be able to accommodate the cell stack connecting portion 5 a of the joint 5 and an extended portion 28 is provided at the base end portion of the through-hole 23 of the end plate 4 .
  • a portion of the cell stack connecting portion 5 a of the joint 5 which protrudes from the through-hole 21 of the current collector 3 is accommodated in the extended portion 28 .
  • the cell stack connecting portion 5 a is accommodated in the extended portion 28 such that its main surface is pressed against a wall surface 29 of the end plate 4 forming a step surface of the extended portion 28 .
  • a seal member which is not shown is suitably provided.
  • an area of the joint 5 which is in contact with the cell stack 2 increases. Therefore, heat is easily transmitted from the cell stack 2 to the joint 5 , and water condensation can be suppressed more effectively.
  • the cell stack connecting portion 5 a of the joint 5 is directly sandwiched between the end plate 4 and the cell stack 2 in the structure of FIG. 8 , it may be sandwiched between them via the current collector 3 . That is, the cell stack connecting portion 5 a may be directly sandwiched between the end plate 4 and the current collector 3 or between the current collector 3 and the cell stack 2 . Furthermore, using the concept of the “end member” described in Embodiment 1, the cell stack connecting portion 5 a is sandwiched between the cell stack 2 and the end member in any of the above cases.
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the joint 5 connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 and its surrounding portion in a fuel cell 1 E according to Embodiment 6, in which FIG. 9( a ) is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 9( b ) is a perspective view.
  • FIG. 9( a ) is a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 9( b ) is a perspective view.
  • the structure of the joint 5 connected to the reaction gas supply inlet 17 and its surrounding portion will be described. The same occurs in the joints 6 to 8 and their surrounding portions. As shown in FIG.
  • the fuel cell 1 E according to Embodiment 6 has substantially the same structure as that of the fuel cell 1 D according to Embodiment 5 but is different in structure from the fuel cell 1 D according to Embodiment 5 in that the large-diameter portion 27 of the fuel cell 1 D according to Embodiment 5 is in direct contact with the end plate 4 , while a gas seal member 71 is provided between the large-diameter portion 27 and the end plate 4 in the fuel cell 1 E according to Embodiment 6.
  • the gas seal member 71 can completely isolate the air inside the gap 24 from the outside air, heat insulative ability can be further improved.
  • the gas seal member 71 serves as a buffering member.
  • vibration resistance can be improved.
  • a material for example, fluorine-contained rubber, EPDM or silicon rubber, having elasticity and barrier property may be used.
  • Embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings.
  • the specific structure is not limited to those in these Embodiments.
  • Alternation of a design or the like without departing from the scope of the invention may be included in the present invention.
  • the cell stack 2 may be fastened using a fastener band 30 having a small thickness as the fastener means. If the fastener band 30 is used as the fastener means, the fastener band 30 does not protrude greatly from the surface of the end plate 4 .
  • the size of the fuel cell 1 F can be reduced.
  • a material having high tension strength and high rust-proof property such as resin (engineering plastic, elastomer, etc), stainless steel (SUS304, etc), or chrome molybdenum steel is used.
  • a fuel cell of the present invention is useful as a fuel cell or the like including a reaction gas supply path which makes it difficult to cause water condensation in a region near an end plate.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
US12/598,515 2007-12-28 2008-12-26 Fuel cell Active 2031-01-01 US8435692B2 (en)

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PCT/JP2008/004019 WO2009084230A1 (ja) 2007-12-28 2008-12-26 燃料電池

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US20130115545A1 (en) * 2011-11-07 2013-05-09 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Fuel cell module and method manufacturing the same

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JP5136471B2 (ja) * 2009-03-09 2013-02-06 パナソニック株式会社 燃料電池
CN101971405B (zh) * 2009-03-27 2013-10-09 松下电器产业株式会社 固体高分子型燃料电池组
US9136552B2 (en) * 2010-06-07 2015-09-15 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Gas decomposition component, ammonia decomposition component, power generation apparatus, electrochemical reaction apparatus, and method for producing gas decomposition component
KR102495975B1 (ko) * 2018-04-26 2023-02-06 주식회사 미코파워 가스 분배 모듈 및 이를 구비하는 연료전지 시스템
DE202020105396U1 (de) * 2020-09-21 2022-01-05 Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh Abschlussbipolarplatte für ein elektrochemisches System, Plattenanordnung, sowie elektrochemisches System

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JP4451926B2 (ja) 2010-04-14
EP2226877B1 (en) 2016-07-27
EP2226877A4 (en) 2013-05-15
EP2226877A1 (en) 2010-09-08
CN101622747A (zh) 2010-01-06

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