US7570957B2 - Transmission control apparatus and transmission control method - Google Patents

Transmission control apparatus and transmission control method Download PDF

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US7570957B2
US7570957B2 US10/368,610 US36861003A US7570957B2 US 7570957 B2 US7570957 B2 US 7570957B2 US 36861003 A US36861003 A US 36861003A US 7570957 B2 US7570957 B2 US 7570957B2
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Prior art keywords
transmission
information
transmitting
directional beam
mobile stations
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US20030162551A1 (en
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Hiroyuki Atarashi
Sadayuki Abeta
Mamoru Sawahashi
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Google LLC
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NTT Docomo Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H04W48/12—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using downlink control channel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transmission control apparatus and a transmission control method for transmitting information by radio communication toward a mobile station located in a predetermined sector.
  • W-CDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • W-CDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • M. Sawahashi and F. Adachi, “Performance of Adaptive Antenna Array Diversity Transmitter for W-CDMA Forward Link,” Proc. PIMRC99, pp.
  • This study presents a method of signal transmission from abase station to mobile stations in the mobile communication system, in which antenna directivities for respective mobile stations adaptively generated in the base station are multiplied with transmit signals to the respective mobile stations to provide the directivity toward each desired mobile station and reduce interference with signals in directions toward the other mobile stations, and investigation is done on a technique of increasing subscriber capacity.
  • the present invention has been accomplished in order to solve the above problem and an object of the invention is to provide a transmission control apparatus and a transmission control method capable of transmitting signals by an appropriate transmission method according to a type of information even in the case of the directional beam transmission being applied.
  • a transmission control apparatus for transmitting information by radio communication toward a mobile station located in a predetermined sector, the transmission control apparatus comprising: selecting means for selecting a transmission method according to a type of the information to be transmitted, from options including two or more out of omnisector transmission of transmitting the information to the entire sector, fixedly controlled directional beam transmission of transmitting the information to at least one fixed direction preliminarily determined, and adaptively controlled directional beam transmission of adaptively controlling a transmission direction according to a location of a target mobile station; and transmitting means for transmitting the information by the transmission method thus selected.
  • the selecting means selects a transmission method according to the type of the information to be transmitted, from the two or more options out of the omnisector transmission of transmitting the information toward the entire sector, the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission of transmitting the information in at least one fixed direction preliminarily determined, and the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission of adaptively controlling the transmission direction according to the location of the target mobile station.
  • the selecting means can be configured, for example, to select the omnisector transmission in the case where the information to be transmitted is information destined for all mobile stations in the sector; to select the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission in the case where the information to be transmitted is information destined for at least one specific mobile station whose location is roughly known; or to select the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission in the case where the information to be transmitted is information destined for one specific mobile station whose location is already known.
  • the transmitting means transmits the information by the transmission method thus selected. This permits the transmission to be performed by the appropriate transmission method according to the type of the information even in the case of the directional beam transmission being applied.
  • the transmission control apparatus is preferably configured to further comprise multiplex control means for performing such control in the transmission of the information by the transmitting means that transmission is carried out while a pilot channel for transmitting a pilot signal is multiplexed on a channel for transmitting a signal other than the pilot signal.
  • the pilot signal herein is a signal for a mobile station to estimate variation in phase and amplitude of a transmitted signal before arrival at the mobile station, and the phase and amplitude of the pilot signal transmitted are known to the mobile station. For this reason, when the multiplex control means performs the control to carry out the transmission while the pilot channel is multiplexed on the channel for transmission of the signal other than the pilot signal, the mobile station receives the pilot signal and measures variation amounts from the known values of phase and amplitude of the received signal, whereby the mobile station can estimate the variation amounts in signal propagation paths.
  • the mobile station can compensate for variations of the other received signals with unknown phase and amplitude in signal propagation paths, based on the thus estimated variation amounts, and it is feasible to improve the accuracy of restoration of transmitted signals.
  • the signals transmitted by the respective three transmission methods are generally affected by their respective different variations in the signal propagation paths
  • the improvement in the restoration accuracy of the transmitted signals by compensation for the variations in the signal propagation paths according to the respective transmission methods is of great significance in the present invention.
  • the multiplex control means can be configured to multiplex the pilot channel by at least one multiplex structure selected from a time division multiplex structure, a frequency division multiplex structure, and a code division multiplex structure.
  • the transmission control apparatus is preferably configured to further comprise assignment control means for performing such control in the transmission of the information by the transmitting means that transmission is carried out while a plurality of channels determined according to the number of target mobile stations and types of the information to be transmitted are assigned to the two or more transmission methods as the options.
  • the above plurality of channels can be six types of channels: a common control channel for transmitting a control signal destined for all mobile stations in the sector; a shared control channel for transmitting individual control signals destined for respective mobile stations; an individual control channel for individually transmitting individual control signals destined for respective mobile stations; a common data channel for transmitting information destined for all mobile stations in the sector; a shared data channel for transmitting individual information destined for respective mobile stations; and an individual data channel for individually transmitting individual information destined for respective mobile stations.
  • the assignment control means performs such control as to carry out the transmission while the plurality of channels are assigned to the two or more transmission methods as options. For example, a plurality of channels are assigned based on predetermined assignment pattern rules allowing for uses of transmitted channels, rates of use of the respective transmission methods, and so on.
  • efficient transmission can be performed for signals destined for all the mobile stations, for example, by assigning the common control channel and common data channel to the omnisector transmission and transmitting the signals to the entire sector by the omnisector transmission.
  • Signals destined for a specific mobile station can be transmitted with low transmission power by assigning the individual control channel and individual data channel to the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission and transmitting the signals to the mobile station by the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • the transmission control apparatus is preferably configured to further comprise division control means for performing such control that when the transmitting means transmits the information to a plurality of mobile stations by emitting directional beams into a plurality of directions in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, the directional beams into the respective directions are emitted by a division scheme selected from a time division scheme, a frequency division scheme, and a code division scheme.
  • division control means for performing such control that when the transmitting means transmits the information to a plurality of mobile stations by emitting directional beams into a plurality of directions in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, the directional beams into the respective directions are emitted by a division scheme selected from a time division scheme, a frequency division scheme, and a code division scheme.
  • the division control means is preferably configured to perform such control that: the directional beams into the respective directions are grouped into a plurality of groups and the directional beams into the respective directions are emitted by a division scheme selected from the time division scheme, the frequency division scheme, and the code division scheme or by a scheme of a combination of two or more thereof for each of the groups.
  • a division scheme selected from the time division scheme, the frequency division scheme, and the code division scheme or by a scheme of a combination of two or more thereof for each of the groups.
  • the invention associated with the transmission control apparatus as described above can also be grasped as the invention associated with the transmission control method as described below. It is noted that these are based on the substantially same technological concept and achieve like operation and effect.
  • a transmission control method for transmitting information by radio communication toward a mobile station located in a predetermined sector, the transmission control method comprising: a selecting step of selecting a transmission method according to a type of the information to be transmitted, from options including two or more out of omnisector transmission of transmitting the information to the entire sector, fixedly controlled directional beam transmission of transmitting the information to at least one fixed direction preliminarily determined, and adaptively controlled directional beam transmission of adaptively controlling a transmission direction according to a location of a target mobile station; and a transmitting step of transmitting the information by the transmission method thus selected.
  • control is performed in the transmission of the information in the transmitting step so that transmission is carried out while a pilot channel for transmitting a pilot signal is multiplexed on a channel for transmitting a signal other than the pilot signal.
  • the pilot channel is multiplexed by at least one multiplex structure selected from a time division multiplex structure, a frequency division multiplex structure, and a code division multiplex structure.
  • control is performed in the transmission of the information in the transmitting step so that transmission is carried out while a plurality of channels determined according to the number of target mobile stations and types of the information to be transmitted are assigned to the two or more transmission methods as the options.
  • the plurality of channels are: a common control channel for transmitting a control signal destined for all mobile stations in the sector; a shared control channel for transmitting individual control signals destined for respective mobile stations; an individual control channel for individually transmitting individual control signals destined for respective mobile stations; a common data channel for transmitting information destined for all mobile stations in the sector; a shared data channel for transmitting individual information destined for respective mobile stations; and an individual data channel for individually transmitting individual information destined for respective mobile stations.
  • division transmission control when the information is transmitted to a plurality of mobile stations by emitting directional beams into a plurality of directions in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission in the transmitting step, division transmission control is performed so that the directional beams into the respective directions are emitted by a division scheme selected from a time division scheme, a frequency division scheme, and a code division scheme.
  • control is performed so that: the directional beams into the respective directions are grouped into a plurality of groups and the directional beams into the respective directions are emitted by a division scheme selected from the time division scheme, the frequency division scheme, and the code division scheme or by a scheme of a combination of two or more thereof for each of the groups.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the mobile communication system in the embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block configuration diagram of the transmission control apparatus installed in the base station.
  • FIG. 3A is a diagram showing the transmission beam pattern from the base station to the mobile station about the omnisector transmission.
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the transmission beam pattern from the base station to the mobile station about the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission.
  • FIG. 3C is a diagram showing the transmission beam pattern from the base station to the mobile station about the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • FIG. 4 is a table showing an example of the selection criteria for the respective transmission methods.
  • FIG. 5A is a diagram for explaining the multiplexing method of pilot channels about the time division multiplex structure.
  • FIG. 5B is a diagram for explaining the multiplexing method of pilot channels about the frequency division multiplex structure.
  • FIG. 5C is a diagram for explaining the multiplexing method of pilot channels about the code division multiplex structure.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of time multiplex of pilot channels in the three transmission methods of the omnisector transmission, the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, and the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining an example of frequency multiplex of pilot channels in the three transmission methods.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a first example of multiplexing the pilot channels in the three transmission methods by the frequency division multiplex structure and the time division multiplex structure.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a second example of multiplexing the pilot channels in the three transmission methods by the frequency division multiplex structure and the time division multiplex structure.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a third example of multiplexing the pilot channels in the three transmission methods by the frequency division multiplex structure and the time division multiplex structure.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an example of code multiplex of pilot channels in the three transmission methods.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a first example of multiplexing the pilot channels in the three transmission methods by the code division multiplex structure and the time division multiplex structure.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a second example of multiplexing the pilot channels in the three transmission methods by the code division multiplex structure and the time division multiplex structure.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a third example of multiplexing the pilot channels in the three transmission methods by the code division multiplex structure and the time division multiplex structure.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of assignment of channels to the respective transmission methods according to the types of channels to be transmitted.
  • FIG. 16 is a table showing an example of the assignment pattern rules of FIG. 15 .
  • FIG. 17 is diagrams showing an example of transmission in which the directional beams into the respective directions are emitted while being changed over on a time basis, in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of transmission in which the directional beams into the respective directions are emitted with use of different frequencies in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of transmission in which the directional beams into the respective directions are emitted with use of different spreading codes in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission.
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of transmission in which the directional beams into the respective directions are grouped in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission.
  • the mobile communication system 1 comprises base station 10 , and at least one mobile station 20 located in a transmission-reception area (sector) 2 of signals with a directional beam antenna installed in the base station 10 .
  • the base station 10 comprises the transmission control apparatus 12 of the configuration shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the transmission control apparatus 12 is configured to transmit multiplexed pilot channels for transmission of pilot signals in execution of the omnisector transmission, the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, and the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • the pilot signals herein are signals for estimating the variation in phase and amplitude of signals during periods between emission from a transmitter and reception at a receiver.
  • the transmission control apparatus 12 comprises an information generator 12 A for generating information to be transmitted; a transmission method selector 12 B for selecting a transmission method according to predetermined selection criteria from the three transmission methods described later; an omnisector-transmission pilot symbol generator 12 C for generating a pilot signal for the omnisector transmission; an omnisector transmission part 12 D for transmitting a signal in which a pilot signal for the omnisector transmission is superimposed on information to be transmitted; a fixedly-controlled-directional-beam-transmission pilot symbol generator 12 E for generating a pilot signal for the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission; a fixedly controlled directional beam transmission part 12 F for transmitting a signal in which a pilot signal for the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission is superimposed on information to be transmitted; an adaptively-controlled-directional-beam-transmission pilot symbol generator 12 G for generating a pilot signal for the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission; and an adaptively controlled directional beam transmission part 12 H for transmitting a signal
  • Each of the pilot symbol generators 12 C, 12 E, and 12 G generates the pilot signal according to the corresponding transmission method (a signal with phase and amplitude known to the mobile station 20 which receives the signal).
  • Each of the transmission parts 12 D, 12 F, and 12 H multiplies the signal after the superposition with a weight coefficient according to each of antenna patterns, and transmits the multiplied signal.
  • the mobile station 20 Since the phase and amplitude of the pilot signal transmitted are known to the mobile station 20 , the mobile station 20 is able to estimate variations in propagation paths from the base station 10 to the mobile station 20 by measuring variation amounts of the phase and amplitude of signals actually received. The mobile station 20 becomes able to compensate for variations in propagation paths of other received signals with unknown phase and amplitude, based on the variation amounts thus estimated, and to restore the transmitted signals correctly.
  • FIG. 2 shows the configuration of multiplexing the pilot channels corresponding to the respective transmission methods.
  • FIGS. 3A , 3 B and 3 C show the transmission beam patterns from the base station 10 to the mobile station. Since in the omnisector transmission of FIG. 3A the base station 10 can transmit the signal to the entire sector, the omnisector transmission is a transmission mode suitable for simultaneous transmission of information to all the mobile stations in the sector.
  • the base station 10 can transmit information to all the mobile stations in the sector, as in the case of the omnisector transmission, if directional beams are simultaneously emitted in all predetermined directions. If the base station 10 successively emits the directional beams in the respective predetermined directions, it can also transmit the information to all the mobile stations in the sector with some temporal delay and the use of the directional beams enables reduction of transmission power. For a plurality of mobile stations located in nearly close directions, the base station 10 can transmit the signal with low transmission power to those mobile stations by emitting a directional beam along a direction directionally closest to their locations.
  • the base station 10 can perfectly direct the directional beam toward the mobile station according to its location and it is always feasible to perform transmission of the signal with low transmission power.
  • the transmission method selector 12 B of FIG. 2 can select an efficient transmission method according to a type or the like of information to be transmitted, for example, based on the selection criteria as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the omnisector transmission ( FIG. 3A ) is selected in the case where the information to be transmitted is information to be transmitted to all the mobile stations in the sector, in the case where a location of a target mobile station is unknown, or in the case where the signal transmission rate is low (i.e., in the case of information transmission required for low transmission power).
  • the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission ( FIG. 3B ) is selected in the case where the information to be transmitted is information to be transmitted to a specific mobile station or to all the mobile stations in the sector, in the case where locations of target mobile stations are roughly known, or in the case where the signal transmission rate is high (i.e., in the case of information transmission required for high transmission power).
  • the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission ( FIG. 3C ) is selected in the case where the information to be transmitted is information to be transmitted to a specific mobile station in the sector, in the case where a location of a target mobile station is known, or in the case where the signal transmission rate is high (i.e., in the case of information transmission required for high transmission power).
  • FIGS. 5A , 5 B and 5 C shows an example of configurations of pilot channels corresponding to respective beams, for pilot channels in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission or for pilot channels in the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission. Since a plurality of pilot channels corresponding to respective directions are needed in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, those channels have to be multiplexed. Since directional beams are directed to respective mobile stations in the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission, a plurality of pilot channels have to be used corresponding to those beams and those channels have to be multiplexed.
  • FIGS. 5A , 5 B and 5 C show a time multiplex method, a frequency multiplex method, and a code multiplex method.
  • the pilot channels for the respective beams are assigned by time division.
  • the frequency multiplex method shown in FIG. 5B is applicable to a system of transmission using a plurality of frequency carriers.
  • the pilot channels for the respective beams are assigned to the respective frequency carriers for forming and emitting the directional beams, thereby enabling multiplexing by frequency division.
  • orthogonal code patterns are assigned to the respective pilot channels, thereby enabling multiplexing.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of a makeup of the pilot channel multiplexing methods in the respective transmission methods and shows a case of time multiplex of pilot channels in the respective omnisector transmission, fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, and adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • the pilot channel for the omnisector transmission is transmitted during period T 1 from time t 1 by the omnisector transmission, and the other channels are thereafter transmitted by the omnisector transmission.
  • the pilot channel for the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission is transmitted during period T 2 from time t 2 by the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, and the other channels are thereafter transmitted by the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission.
  • the pilot channel for the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission is transmitted during period T 3 from time t 3 by the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission, and the other channels are thereafter transmitted by the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • the pilot channels in the respective transmission methods can be transmitted in a timewise separated state, whereby the pilot channels can be prevented from interfering with each other.
  • the three multiplexing methods shown in FIGS. 5A , 5 B, and 5 C can be applied to multiplexing of a plurality of pilot channels corresponding to the respective beams in the fixedly and adaptively controlled directional beam transmissions.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a makeup of the pilot channel multiplexing methods in the respective transmission methods and shows a case of frequency multiplex of pilot channels in the respective omnisector transmission, fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, and adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • This makeup is the example wherein the pilot channel for the omnisector transmission is transmitted at frequency f 1 by the omnisector transmission, the pilot channel for the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission is transmitted at frequency f 2 by the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, and the pilot channel for the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission is transmitted at frequency f 3 by the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • This makeup of FIG. 7 is applicable to a system of transmission using a plurality of frequency carriers and the pilot channels in the respective transmission methods can be transmitted in a frequency wise separated state, whereby the pilot channels can be prevented from interfering with each other.
  • Each of the expressions of the frequencies f 1 , f 2 , f 3 , etc. herein can be considered as a frequency carrier, or as a frequency group collectively including a plurality of frequency carriers.
  • the three multiplexing methods shown in FIGS. 5A , 5 B and 5 C can be applied to multiplexing of a plurality of pilot channels corresponding to the respective beams in the fixedly and adaptively controlled directional beam transmissions.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of a makeup of the pilot channel multiplexing methods in the respective transmission methods.
  • the pilot channel for the omnisector transmission is transmitted at frequencies f 1 and f 2 during period T 1 from time t 1 , and the other channels are thereafter transmitted by the omnisector transmission.
  • the pilot channel for the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission is then transmitted at the frequency f 1 during period T 3 from time t 2 , and the other channels are thereafter transmitted by the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission.
  • the pilot channel for the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission is at the frequency f 2 transmitted during period T 2 from the time t 2 , and the other channels are thereafter transmitted by the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • FIG. 8 shows the example wherein the transmission periods T 3 , T 2 of the pilot channels for the fixedly controlled and adaptively controlled directional beam transmissions are equal, but it is also possible to employ a makeup wherein the transmission periods T 3 , T 2 are different from each other.
  • FIG. 9 shows an example where the multiplexing methods in the omnisector transmission and in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission are interchanged, with respect to the makeup of FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 10 shows an example where the multiplexing methods in the omnisector transmission and in the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission are interchanged, with respect to the makeup of FIG. 8 .
  • the switch to the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission was made at the same time t 2 in the transmission using the directional beams of different frequencies, but the transmission times in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission and in the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission do not always have to be equal, and may be shifted from each other.
  • FIG. 11 is an example of a makeup of the pilot channel multiplexing methods in the respective transmission methods and shows a case of code multiplex of the pilot channels in the respective omnisector transmission, fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, and adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • This makeup is the example wherein the pilot channel for the omnisector transmission is transmitted with a spreading code c 1 by the omnisector transmission, the pilot channel for the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission with a spreading code c 2 by the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, and the pilot channel for the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission with a spreading code c 3 by the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • orthogonal codes are used as the spreading codes. If the orthogonality is maintained in propagation paths, the pilot channels can be prevented from interfering with each other. Use of the code division method permits the signals to be transmitted simultaneously at the same time and at the same frequency by these three transmission methods.
  • Each of the expressions of the spreading codes c 1 , c 2 , c 3 , etc. herein may be considered as a single spreading code, or as a spreading code group collectively including a plurality of spreading codes.
  • the three multiplexing methods shown in FIGS. 5A , 5 B, and 5 C can also be applied to multiplexing of a plurality of pilot channels corresponding to the respective beams in the fixedly and adaptively controlled directional beam transmissions.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of a makeup of the pilot channel multiplexing methods in the respective transmission methods.
  • the pilot channel for the omnisector transmission is transmitted during the period T 1 from the time t 1 , and the other channels are thereafter transmitted by the omnisector transmission.
  • the pilot channel for the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission is then transmitted with the spreading code c 1 during the period T 3 from the time t 2 , and the other channels are thereafter transmitted by the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission.
  • the pilot channel for the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission is transmitted with the spreading code c 2 during the period T 2 from the time t 2 , and the other channels are thereafter transmitted by the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • the transmission periods T 3 , T 2 of the pilot channels for the fixedly controlled and adaptively controlled directional beam transmissions are equal to each other, but it is also possible to set the transmission periods T 3 , T 2 different from each other.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example where the multiplexing methods in the omnisector transmission and in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission are interchanged, with respect to the makeup of FIG. 12 .
  • FIG. 14 shows an example where the multiplexing methods in the omnisector transmission and in the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission are interchanged, with respect to the makeup of FIG. 12 .
  • the change to the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission was made at the same time t 2 in the transmission using the directional beams with the different spreading codes being assigned thereto, but the transmission times in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission and in the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission do not always have to be equal to each other, and may be shifted from each other.
  • FIG. 15 shows a manner of assigning channels to the respective transmission methods according to types of channels to be transmitted, based on assignment pattern rules to the respective transmission methods, in the case where there are the three types of transmission methods of the omnisector transmission, the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, and the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • the channels herein are the following six channels: a common control channel for transmitting a control signal destined for all the mobile stations in the sector; a shared control channel for transmitting individual control signals destined for respective mobile stations; an individual control channel for individually transmitting individual control signals destined for respective mobile stations; a common data channel for transmitting information destined for all the mobile stations in the sector; a shared data channel for transmitting individual information destined for respective mobile stations; and an individual data channel for individually transmitting individual information destined for respective mobile stations.
  • the assignment pattern rules herein can be determined in consideration of uses of channels to be transmitted, rates of use of the transmission methods, and soon. For example, a signal destined for all the mobile stations can be efficiently transmitted when it is transmitted to the entire sector of the base station by the omnisector transmission. In the case of a signal destined for a specific mobile station, the signal can be transmitted with low transmission power if a directional beam is formed toward the mobile station by the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example of the above assignment pattern rules.
  • the common control channel and common data channel are assigned to the omnisector transmission.
  • the reason is that the channels are signals destined for all the mobile stations and thus the simultaneous transmission by the omnisector transmission improves the transmission efficiency.
  • the shared control channel and shared data channel are assigned to the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission.
  • the reason is that the channels are those shared by a plurality of mobile stations and it is feasible to implement efficient transmission with a directional beam being assigned to users existing in nearly equal directions and to perform the transmission with low transmission power.
  • the individual control channel and individual data channel are assigned to the adaptively controlled directional beam transmission.
  • FIG. 16 is just an example of the channel assignment and the present embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 15 took the three types of transmission methods and the six types of channels into consideration, but these can be applied to cases of arbitrary types.
  • FIG. 17 shows an example where the directional beams into the respective directions are emitted while being changed over on time basis, in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission.
  • FIG. 17 shows the case where there are a total of N directional beams and shows a manner of successively changing the directions of the directional beams according to the procedure of emitting a directional beam at time t 1 , thereafter emitting a beam in another direction at time t 2 , emitting a directional beam in still another direction at time t 3 , and so on. This prevents adjacent directional beams from overlapping and makes it feasible to implement the transmission with reduced interference between beams.
  • This example of FIG. 17 showed the example where the directions of beams were changed over on a time basis, but it is also possible to increase transmission chances, by extending an assigned period to a beam in a direction in which a number of mobile stations exist, or by increasing the number of times the beam is assigned, according to a distribution of mobile stations in the sector. It is also possible to select and emit fixedly controlled directional beams while avoiding overlap with the transmission direction of the adaptively controlled directional beam.
  • FIG. 18 shows an example where directional beams into the respective directions are emitted with use of different frequencies, in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission.
  • This example can be applied to a radio transmission system using a plurality of frequency carriers.
  • FIG. 18 shows the case where there are a total of N directional beams, and a manner of emitting the directional beams with use of N different frequencies (f 1 -fN), in which the assignment of the different frequencies to the respective beams makes it feasible to avoid mutual interference even with overlap of the directional beams.
  • N different frequencies
  • FIG. 19 shows an example where the directional beams into the respective directions are emitted with use of different spreading codes, in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission.
  • FIG. 19 shows the case where there are a total of N directional beams, and a manner of emitting the directional beams with use of N different spreading codes (c 1 -cN), in which the assignment of the different spreading codes to the respective beams makes it feasible to avoid the mutual interference even with overlap of the directional beams.
  • This example of FIG. 19 showed the example where the directions of beams were differentiated from each other with use of the different spreading codes, but it is also possible to increase transmission chances, by increasing the number of spreading codes assigned to a direction in which the number of mobile stations is large, according to a distribution of mobile stations in the sector.
  • the mutual interference can also be avoided by a combination of the time division multiplex structure, the frequency division multiplex structure, or the code division multiplex structure, whereby the beams can be utilized more efficiently.
  • FIG. 20 shows an example where, in the case of directional beams into the respective directions being emitted in the fixedly controlled directional beam transmission, the beams are preliminarily grouped and emitted group by group.
  • FIG. 20 shows the case where there exist a total of directional beams in eight directions and where they are grouped into four groups in total while each group accommodates two beams.
  • Each of the time division method shown in FIG. 17 , the frequency division method shown in FIG. 18 , and the code division method shown in FIG. 19 can be applied to the four groups.
  • the time division method among the above methods increases transmission chances of each beam by the grouping, in comparison with the case of transmission beam by beam without grouping, thus shortens intervals of transmission, and implements an efficient transmission method.
  • the present invention successfully achieved the efficient transmission by the appropriate transmission methods according to the types of information even in the application of the directional beam transmission.
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