Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D285/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D275/00 - C07D283/00
  • C07D285/01—Five-membered rings
  • C07D285/02—Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated thiadiazoles
  • C07D285/04—Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated thiadiazoles not condensed with other rings
  • C07D285/08—1,2,4-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-thiadiazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/02—Stomatological preparations, e.g. drugs for caries, aphtae, periodontitis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/04—Drugs for skeletal disorders for non-specific disorders of the connective tissue
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
  • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
  • A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
  • A61P35/02—Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
  • A61P7/04—Antihaemorrhagics; Procoagulants; Haemostatic agents; Antifibrinolytic agents

Definitions

• the invention relates to novel substituted thiadiazolesulfonamides, processes for their preparation, and the use thereof as pharmaceuticals.
• Interleukin-I ⁇ (IL-1 ⁇ ) is to be noted in particular here as one of the most important pro-inflammatory cytokines. Its de novo synthesis takes place above all in the white blood cells and macrophages, where it must first be liberated from inactive pro-IL-1 ⁇ in order to display its action. It plays a decisive role both in the control of the immune system and in inflammation processes, and thus has a causal relationship with the development of diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, arthrosis, various states of shock, or inflammatory bone diseases.
• diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, arthrosis, various states of shock, or inflammatory bone diseases.
• the invention relates to compounds of the formula (I):
• R 3 (R 4 )N—, wherein R 3 and R 4 are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, or
• (C 1 -C 7 )-alkyl wherein alkyl is branched or unbranched and is unsubstituted or is mono- or disubstituted as described above under 2.1 to 2.12 or is substituted by a heteroalkyl ring or by a (C 3 -C 7 )-cycloalkyl, wherein the heteroalkyl ring or the (C 3 -C 7 )-cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or is mono- or disubstituted as described above under 2.1 to 2.12,
• R 2 and R 3 (together with the nitrogen to which they are bonded) form a 4- to 7-membered ring, wherein at least one of the carbon atoms is optionally replaced by —O—, —S— or
• R 1 is phenyl which is unsubstituted or is monosubstituted by (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl (wherein alkyl is straight-chain or branched),halogen,—O—(C 1 -C 3 )alkyl or —N—R 3 —(R 4 ), wherein R 3 and R 4 are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl;
• R 3 is a hydrogen atom or methyl
• (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl wherein alkyl is branched or unbranched and is unsubstituted or is monosubstituted as described under 2.1. to 2.12 or by phenyl, or is substituted by a heteroalkyl ring or by a (C 3 -C 7 )-cycloalkyl, wherein the heteroalkyl ring or the (C 3 -C 7 )-cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or is mono- or disubstituted as described under 2.1 to 2.12,
• R 8 is a hydrogen atom
• R 7 is the radical of an ( ⁇ -amino acid, or R 8 and R 7 (together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded) form a 4- to 7-membered ring
• X is—OH or —OR 6 , wherein R 6 is benzyl or (C 1 -C 3 )-alkyl, or
• R 2 and R 3 (together with the nitrogen to which they are bonded) form a 4- to 7-membered ring, wherein one of the carbon atoms is optionally replaced by —O—, —S— or —NH—, and wherein one, two, or three of the carbon atoms in the ring are unsubstituted or are mono- or disubstituted by
• R 3 is a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl
• R 1 is phenyl which is unsubstituted or is monosubstituted by (C 1 -C 3 )-alkyl (wherein alkyl is straight-chain or branched), chlorine, or —O—methyl;
• R 3 is a hydrogen atom or methyl
• (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl (wherein alkyl is branched or unbranched and is unsubstituted or is monosubstituted by phenyl), C(O)—OH, halogen, piperidine or cyclohexyl (wherein piperidine or cyclohexyl is unsubstituted or is mono- or disubstituted by halogen or C(O)—OH),
• R 2 and R 3 (together with the nitrogen to which they are bonded) form a 4- to 7-membered ring, wherein one of the carbon atoms is optionally replaced by —O—, —S— or —NH—” is understood as meaning radicals which are derived, for example, from azetidine, pyrroline, pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, tetrahydroisoquinoline, or tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (TIC).
• TIC tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid
• R 8 and R7 (together with the carbon to which they are bonded) form a 4- to 7-membered ring” is understood as meaning radicals which are derived, for example, from azetidine, pyrroline, pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, tetrahydroisoquinoline, or tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (TIC).
• heteroalkyl ring is understood as meaning radicals which are derived, for example, from piperidine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, isoxazolidine, morpholine, isothiazolidine, thiomorpholine, pyrazolidine, imidazolidine, piperazine, pyran, or thiopyran.
• alkyl or alkenyl is understood as meaning hydrocarbon radicals in which the carbon chain is straight-chain or branched. The alkenyl radicals can furthermore also contain two or more double bonds.
• Cyclic alkyl radicals are, for example, 3- to 7-membered monocyclic radicals, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, or cycloheptyl.
• halogen is understood as meaning fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
• R 7 is the radical of an ⁇ -amino acid” is understood as meaning radicals R of the formula (II):
• R is derived from a natural or non-natural amino acid.
• Natural amino acid is understood as meaning glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, serine, threonine, cysteine, methionine, asparagine, glutamine, lysine, histidine, arginine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid.
• Non-natural amino acid is understood as meaning those compounds of the formula (II) in which, for example, the radical R is modified by further substituents in the natural side chain, or R is a phenyl, cycloalkyl, such as cyclohexyl, or heteroaryl-(CH 2 ) n , wherein heteroaryl is as defined under 3.1. to 3.15. and is unsubstituted or substituted as described above under 2.1 to 2.12, and n is the integer zero, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.
• amino acids which are not naturally occurring, for example, 2-aminoadipic acid, 2-aminobutyric acid, 2-aminoisobutyric acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, 2,4-diaminobutyric acid, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-1-carboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, 2-aminopimelic acid, phenylglycine, 3-(2-thienyl)alanine 3-(3-thienyl)alanine, 2-(2-thienyl)glycine, 2-aminoheptanoic acid, pipecolinic acid, hydroxylysine, sarcosine, N-methylisoleucine, 6-N-methyllysine, N-methylvaline, norvaline, norleucine, ornithine, allo-isoleucine, allo-threonine, 4-
• the invention furthermore relates to processes for the preparation of compounds of formula (I) and/or stereoisomeric forms compounds of formula (I) and/or physiologically tolerated salts of compounds of formula (I), which comprise:
• R 2 and R 3 are as defined in formula (I), with a sulfonic acid derivative of the formula (IV):
• R 1 is as defined in formula (I) and Y is a halogen atom, imidazolyl, or —OR 10 , wherein R 10 is a hydrogen atom, (C 1 - 6 )-alkyl, phenyl, or benzyl, in the presence of a base or optionally a dehydrating agent, to give a compound of the formula (I), or
• R 1 has the abovementioned meaning, in the presence of sodium hypochlorite or chlorine and an amine of the formula (III) into a sulfenamine of the formula (VI):
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 have the abovementioned meaning, and converting the compound of the formula (VI), in the presence of an oxidizing agent, such as per acids, in particular peracetic acid, or m-chloroperbenzoic acid, or hydrogen peroxide or potassium permanganate, into the compound of the formula (I); or
• an oxidizing agent such as per acids, in particular peracetic acid, or m-chloroperbenzoic acid, or hydrogen peroxide or potassium permanganate
• the starting substances of the chemical reactions are known or can easily be prepared by methods known from the literature.
• Starting substances which are used for the preparation of a sulfonic acid derivative of the formula (IV), in particular if Y is a chlorine atom, are 5-mercaptothiadiazoles of the formula (V), which are usually oxidized directly to the corresponding sulfonic acid chlorides of the formula (IV) by passing chlorine into a suspension of the compound of the formula (V) in a mixture of acetic acid and water in a ratio of 1:2 to 5:1 at reaction temperatures of 0° C. to 30° C.
• a compound of the formula (I) is prepared by process route (b) via the sulfenamides of the formula (VI), which are preferably formed from a 5-mercaptothiadiazole of the formula (V) and an amine of the formula (III) in an aqueous medium with sodium hypochlorite at reaction temperatures of ⁇ 5° C. to 35° C.
• Per acids such as peracetic acid or m-chloroperbenzoic acid, potassium permanganate or hydrogen peroxide are preferably employed for the subsequent oxidation to the compounds of the formula (I) (as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,985,450, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference).
• Physiologically tolerated salts are prepared from compounds of the formula (I) which are capable of salt formation, including stereoisomeric forms thereof, in a manner known in the art.
• Acids which may be present form stable alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or optionally substituted ammonium salts with basic reagents, such as hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates, alcoholates, and ammonia, or organic bases, for example trimethyl- or triethylamine, ethanolamine, or triethanolamine, or else basic amino acids, for example lysine, ornithine, or arginine.
• basic reagents such as hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates, alcoholates, and ammonia, or organic bases, for example trimethyl- or triethylamine, ethanolamine, or triethanolamine, or else basic amino acids, for example lysine, ornithine, or arginine.
• stable acid addition salts can also be prepared with strong acids.
• Both inorganic and organic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, phosphoric, methanesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, p-toluenesulfonic, 4-bromobenzene-sulfonic, cyclohexylamidosulfonic, trifluoromethylsulfonic, acetic, oxalic, tartaric, succinic, or trichloroacetic acid, are suitable.
• the invention also relates to pharmaceuticals, which have an active content of at least one compound of the formula (I) and/or of a physiologically tolerated salt of the compound of the formula (I) and/or an optionally stereoisomeric form of the compound of the formula (I), together with a pharmaceutically suitable and physiologically tolerated excipient additive and/or other active compounds and auxiliaries.
• IL-1 ⁇ and its disease-causing actions are described in the patent specification U.S. Pat. No. 5,556,870, and in the literature cited therein, which are hereby incorporated by reference.
• the compounds according to the invention are suitable for the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases which are characterized by IL-1 ⁇ and also those where IL-1 ⁇ participates in their development, but in particular those where increased concentrations of IL-1 ⁇ participate in their course.
• the diseases to be treated comprise, for example, leukemia, septic shock, hepatitis, HIV infections or musculoskeletal diseases, such as muscular degeneration, and degenerative joint diseases such as osteoarthrosis, spondylosis, chondrolysis following joint trauma or prolonged immobilization of joints following meniscus or patella injuries, or torn ligaments.
• diseases of the connective tissue such as collagenosis, periodontal diseases, or wound-healing disturbances.
• diseases of the locomotor system such as inflammatory or immunologically or metabolism-related acute, and chronic arthritis, arthropathies, rheumatoid arthritis, myalgias or disturbances in bone metabolism.
• the pharmaceuticals according to the invention are in general administered orally or parenterally. Rectal or transdermal administration is also possible.
• the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical, which comprises bringing at least one compound of the formula (I) into a suitable presentation form with a pharmaceutically suitable and physiologically tolerated excipient and optionally further suitable active compounds, additives or auxiliaries.
• Suitable solid or galenical formulation forms are, for example, granules, powders, coated tablets, tablets, microcapsules, suppositories, syrups, juices, suspensions, emulsions, drops, or injectable solutions, and preparations with protracted release of the active compound, for the preparation of which the customary auxiliaries, such as excipients, disintegrants, binders, coating agents, swelling agents, lubricants or slip agents, flavoring substances, sweeteners and solubilizers, are used.
• the customary auxiliaries such as excipients, disintegrants, binders, coating agents, swelling agents, lubricants or slip agents, flavoring substances, sweeteners and solubilizers, are used.
• auxiliaries which may be mentioned are magnesium carbonate, titanium dioxide, lactose, mannitol and other sugars, talc, milk protein, gelatin, starch, cellulose and its derivatives, animal and vegetable oils (such as cod-liver oil and sunflower, groundnut or sesame oil) polyethylene glycol, and solvents (such as, for example, sterile water and mono- or polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerol).
• the pharmaceutical preparations are preferably prepared and administered in dosage units, each unit comprising a certain dose of the compound of the formula (I) according to the invention as the active constituent.
• this dose can be up to about 1000 mg, but is usually about 50 to 300 mg, and in the case of injection solutions in ampule form up to about 300 mg, but usually about 10 to 100 mg.
• daily doses for the treatment of an adult patient weighing about 70 kg, daily doses of about 20 mg to 1000 mg of active compound, usually about 100 mg to 500 mg are indicated—depending on the activity of the compounds according to formula (I). Under certain circumstances, however, higher or lower daily doses may also be appropriate.
• the daily dose can be administered both by a single administration in the form of an individual dosage unit or a plurality of smaller dosage units and by multiple administrations of subdivided doses at certain intervals of time.
• the mononuclear cells were concentrated from freshly obtained human citrate blood by known standard processes. See, e.g., Tiku et al., J. Immunol. 136/10 (1986) 3677.
• Lymphoprep® (Molter GmbH, Heidelberg, FRG) was carefully introduced under a layer of 10 ml of freshly prepared human citrate blood and the mixture was then centrifuged at 400 ⁇ g (Minifuge®, Heraeus, Hanau, FRG) at 20° C. for 40 minutes. The cell fraction, showing as a white ring in the phase boundary, was withdrawn with the aid of a syringe, diluted 1:1 (v/v) with PM-16 buffer (Serva, Heidelberg, FRG) and centrifuged again as above for 10 minutes.
• the supernatant was taken up in 10 ml of RPMI 1640 buffer (Gibco, Berlin, FRG), to which 300 mg/l of L-glutamine, 25 mmol/l of HEPES, 0.1 g/ml of streptomycin and 0.1 g/ml of penicillin had been added beforehand.
• the cell suspension comprising about 90% lymphocytes and 10% monocytes, was adjusted to about 5 million cells/ml with the aid of a cell counter (type IT, Coulter Diagnostics, Krefeld, FRG).
• the cell viability was checked with the aid of the known lactate dehydrogenase method before and after the inhibition experiments. No change in the viability was found here.
• IL-1 ⁇ The synthesis and release of cellular IL-1 ⁇ was induced by adding a solution of 500 mg of lipopolysaccharide ( Salmonella abortus equi , Sigma GmbH, Deisenhofen, FRG) in 0.01 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide/water (1:10, v/v) to 0.48 ml of the cell fraction described above. At the same time, a solution of the test substance in 0.01 ml was added to the cell fraction, and the mixture was left in a commercially available incubator at 37° C. for 20 hours.
• lipopolysaccharide Salmonella abortus equi , Sigma GmbH, Deisenhofen, FRG
• the dose-dependent IL-1 ⁇ -inhibiting action of a compound of the formula (I) was demonstrated by determining the action potency thereof (complete inhibition of the release of IL-1 ⁇ corresponds to 100% inhibition) at seven different concentrations.
• the concentration range was chosen here such that it comprised the ranges from 0% inhibition (that is to say without addition of the test substance) to at least 80% inhibition.
• the test substance concentration which led to 50% inhibition of the release of IL1 ⁇ was determined by extrapolation from the dose-effect relationship determined by graph or mathematically.
• This IC 50 value has been shown in Table 2 as micromoles/liter for the corresponding compounds of the formula (I) according to the invention.

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• 1998
  • 1998-10-16 DE DE19847823A patent/DE19847823A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1999
  • 1999-10-02 DK DK99947450T patent/DK1121349T3/da active
  • 1999-10-02 AT AT99947450T patent/ATE263158T1/de active
  • 1999-10-02 WO PCT/EP1999/007301 patent/WO2000023430A1/de not_active Ceased
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• 2001
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