US5577346A - Multi-zone molten-metal hydrogen and fuel gas generation process - Google Patents

Multi-zone molten-metal hydrogen and fuel gas generation process Download PDF

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Publication number
US5577346A
US5577346A US08/421,102 US42110295A US5577346A US 5577346 A US5577346 A US 5577346A US 42110295 A US42110295 A US 42110295A US 5577346 A US5577346 A US 5577346A
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Prior art keywords
molten metal
zone
bath
feed
carbon
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US08/421,102
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English (en)
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Donald P. Malone
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Ashland LLC
Marathon Petroleum Co LP
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Ashland Inc
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Assigned to ASHLAND OIL, INC. reassignment ASHLAND OIL, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MALONE, DONALD P.
Priority to US08/421,102 priority Critical patent/US5577346A/en
Application filed by Ashland Inc filed Critical Ashland Inc
Assigned to ASHLAND INC. reassignment ASHLAND INC. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ASHLAND OIL, INC.
Priority to US09/308,530 priority patent/US6254652B1/en
Priority to US09/308,523 priority patent/US6315802B1/en
Priority to US09/308,524 priority patent/US6350289B1/en
Publication of US5577346A publication Critical patent/US5577346A/en
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Assigned to MARATHON ASHLAND PETROLEUM LLC reassignment MARATHON ASHLAND PETROLEUM LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ASHLAND INC.
Assigned to MARATHON PETROLEUM COMPANY LLC reassignment MARATHON PETROLEUM COMPANY LLC CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MARATHON ASHLAND PETROLEUM LLC
Assigned to MARATHON PETROLEUM COMPANY LP reassignment MARATHON PETROLEUM COMPANY LP CONVERSION Assignors: MARATHON PETROLEUM COMPANY LLC
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/348—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents by direct contact with heat accumulating liquids, e.g. molten metals, molten salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
    • C01B3/10—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/57—Gasification using molten salts or metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/721—Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/18—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor
    • B01J2219/182—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor horizontal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
    • C01B2203/0485—Composition of the impurity the impurity being a sulfur compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C01B2203/1241—Natural gas or methane
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C01B2203/1247—Higher hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
    • C01B2203/1628—Controlling the pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/158—Screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0983—Additives
    • C10J2300/0996—Calcium-containing inorganic materials, e.g. lime
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1884—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being synthesis gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Definitions

  • the general field of this invention relates to the conversion of a hydrocarbon into two streams: a relatively pure hydrogen gas-containing stream and a carbon oxide-containing stream. More specifically this invention relates to the use of molten metal or molten bath reaction media in conjunction with the above described conversion.
  • Another particular advantage of the instant invention over the prior art is the invention's ability to deliver a substantially pure hydrogen stream at pressures in the range of one to 3000, more preferably 15 to 1500, and most preferably about 30 to 700 psig.
  • Still another advantage to the hydrogen plant of this invention is the possibility of adding ethane or methane to the high pressure zone to produce substantially pure hydrogen.
  • low hydrogen content hydrocarbons can be introduced into the low pressure zone, or zone 1 or zone two, for the purpose of providing the heat balance necessary in order to maintain the hydrogen plant.
  • low hydrogen content hydrocarbons are the solvent, the asphalt, SDA bottoms mentioned above, residuums from the vacuum distillation tower and coal.
  • Molten metal zone 15 includes a third zone recycle inlet 56, a third zone recycle outlet 57; preferably at least three layered walls, floor, and ceiling; a gas phase outlet 39"; a molten metal fill plug inlet 70".
  • molten metal 80 Within molten metal 80 are dissolved feed and some gaseous inputs which are also introduced through conduit 63. Floating on molten metal layer 80 is a slag layer 84. Slag being less dense generally than molten metal will float on molten metal layer 80. Above slag layer 84 is a vapor layer 81. Within vapor layer 81 are primarily hydrogen, with some carbon monoxide, and a trace of methane.
  • Slag pressure control system 48 comprises a pressure controller 60 which sets a set point for two valves 47 and 54. Conduit 55 splits into two outlet conduits containing respectively valve 47 and valve 54. Pressure controller 60 establishes a set point for each of these valves 47 and 54 respectively, so as to permit pressurizing inlet gases to maintain the pressure of gas layer 89. When the pressure exceeds the set point value, then one of the two valves opens to relieve the pressure.
  • molten metal can be introduced through any of the fill plugs identified by the numbers 70, 70' and 70". Details of start-up of this at least three zone are discussed and disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 625,350 and U.S. Ser. No. 542,234.
  • the circulation rate must be at least 25 pounds of iron for each pound of carbon dissolved from any feeds introduced into hydrogen plant 12.
  • the addition of nickel or manganese to the molten metal iron permits one to improve the properties of molten metal iron from the prospective of being able to more readily dissolve and carry out chemical reactions.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
US08/421,102 1990-06-21 1995-04-13 Multi-zone molten-metal hydrogen and fuel gas generation process Expired - Lifetime US5577346A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/421,102 US5577346A (en) 1990-06-21 1995-04-13 Multi-zone molten-metal hydrogen and fuel gas generation process
US09/308,530 US6254652B1 (en) 1995-04-13 1996-11-25 At least three-step molten metal decomposition process cycle
US09/308,523 US6315802B1 (en) 1995-04-13 1996-11-25 H2S production from a molten metal reactor
US09/308,524 US6350289B1 (en) 1995-04-13 1996-11-25 Two-zone molten metal hydrogen-rich and carbon monoxide-rich gas generation process

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US54223490A 1990-06-21 1990-06-21
US76309791A 1991-09-20 1991-09-20
US93025092A 1992-08-13 1992-08-13
US93953392A 1992-09-01 1992-09-01
US5175393A 1993-04-22 1993-04-22
CN94112938A CN1124295A (zh) 1990-06-21 1994-12-09 改进了的熔融金属分解设备及方法
US08/421,102 US5577346A (en) 1990-06-21 1995-04-13 Multi-zone molten-metal hydrogen and fuel gas generation process

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US5175393A Continuation-In-Part 1990-06-21 1993-04-22

Related Child Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/308,523 Continuation-In-Part US6315802B1 (en) 1995-04-13 1996-11-25 H2S production from a molten metal reactor
US09/308,530 Continuation-In-Part US6254652B1 (en) 1995-04-13 1996-11-25 At least three-step molten metal decomposition process cycle
US09/308,524 Continuation-In-Part US6350289B1 (en) 1995-04-13 1996-11-25 Two-zone molten metal hydrogen-rich and carbon monoxide-rich gas generation process

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Publication Number Publication Date
US5577346A true US5577346A (en) 1996-11-26

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US08/421,102 Expired - Lifetime US5577346A (en) 1990-06-21 1995-04-13 Multi-zone molten-metal hydrogen and fuel gas generation process

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US (1) US5577346A (de)
EP (1) EP0655084B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2660102B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1124295A (de)
AT (1) ATE184633T1 (de)
AU (1) AU3919893A (de)
CA (1) CA2140876A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69326472T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0655084T3 (de)
WO (1) WO1994004633A1 (de)

Cited By (13)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998004654A1 (en) * 1996-07-25 1998-02-05 Ashland Inc. Multi-zone molten-metal hydrogen generator
US6110239A (en) * 1996-05-31 2000-08-29 Marathon Ashland Petroleum Llc Molten metal hydrocarbon gasification process
US6685754B2 (en) 2001-03-06 2004-02-03 Alchemix Corporation Method for the production of hydrogen-containing gaseous mixtures
US6790430B1 (en) 1999-12-09 2004-09-14 The Regents Of The University Of California Hydrogen production from carbonaceous material
US20080206129A1 (en) * 2007-01-16 2008-08-28 Fairstock Technologies Corporation Methods for transforming compounds using a metal alloy and related apparatus
US20090071873A1 (en) * 2005-10-10 2009-03-19 Fairstock Technologies Corporation Methods for transforming organic compounds using a liquefied metal alloy and related apparatus
EP2238269A1 (de) * 2007-12-28 2010-10-13 Posco Verfahren zur vorhersage eines starken druckabfalls eines schmelzvergasers und verfahren zur regulierung des drucks bei einem roheisenerzeugungsverfahren
EP2250125A1 (de) * 2008-02-01 2010-11-17 NC12, Inc. Gastransfer in reaktoren mit mehreren metallbädern
WO2012174284A1 (en) * 2011-06-17 2012-12-20 Ze-Gen, Inc. Reactors containing liquid metal
WO2018132875A1 (en) * 2017-01-19 2018-07-26 The University Of Adelaide Concentrated solar receiver and reactor systems comprising heat transfer fluid
US20210032102A1 (en) * 2018-02-06 2021-02-04 Universidad Politecnica De Madrid Process and device for direct thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons with liquid metal in the absence of oxygen for the production of hydrogen and carbon
CN112351834A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2021-02-09 加利福尼亚大学董事会 天然气利用熔融盐转化为化学物质和电力
US11453584B2 (en) * 2018-06-29 2022-09-27 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated High throughput methane pyrolysis reactor for low-cost hydrogen production

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WO1993025277A1 (en) * 1992-06-08 1993-12-23 Molten Metal Technology, Inc. Method for treating organic waste
AU668736B2 (en) * 1992-06-08 1996-05-16 Molten Metal Technology, Inc. Method and appartus for treating organic waste
US5537940A (en) * 1993-06-08 1996-07-23 Molten Metal Technology, Inc. Method for treating organic waste
WO1995016010A1 (en) * 1993-12-07 1995-06-15 Ashland Oil, Inc. Improved molten metal decomposition apparatus and process
SE505602C2 (sv) * 1995-11-14 1997-09-22 Interproject Service Ab Förfarande för att destruera gummibaserat material och plastmaterial
WO1998022385A1 (en) * 1996-11-22 1998-05-28 Ashland Inc. Molten metal reactor and process
AU1275697A (en) * 1996-11-25 1998-06-22 Ashland Inc. Two-zone molten metal hydrogen-rich and carbon monoxide-rich gas generation process
GB0221402D0 (en) * 2002-09-14 2002-10-23 Warner Noel A Liquid metal transport gasifier
BRPI0817441A2 (pt) * 2007-09-25 2015-06-16 New York Energy Group Inc Métodos para gaseificar um combustível carbonáceo, e para produzir um gás combustível
CA2761413A1 (en) * 2009-05-14 2010-11-18 Adam Handerek Method and system for performing chemical processes
DE102013112205A1 (de) * 2012-11-06 2014-05-08 Technische Universität Dortmund Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Pyrolyse wasserstoffhaltiger Verbindungen
CN105524635B (zh) * 2016-01-19 2018-04-10 青岛理工大学 一种利用钢渣余热资源化塑料及无害化铬渣的同步技术
CN114262621B (zh) * 2021-12-06 2022-12-13 北京航天石化技术装备工程有限公司 一种废塑料液化热解系统及方法
EP4303177A1 (de) 2022-07-08 2024-01-10 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Katalysierte pyrolyse von geschmolzenem metall

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FR2186524A1 (en) * 1972-05-30 1974-01-11 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Continuous reducing gas prodn - by injecting hydrocarbon and oxygen into different parts of an agitated molten metal bath
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US6110239A (en) * 1996-05-31 2000-08-29 Marathon Ashland Petroleum Llc Molten metal hydrocarbon gasification process
WO1998004654A1 (en) * 1996-07-25 1998-02-05 Ashland Inc. Multi-zone molten-metal hydrogen generator
US6790430B1 (en) 1999-12-09 2004-09-14 The Regents Of The University Of California Hydrogen production from carbonaceous material
US6685754B2 (en) 2001-03-06 2004-02-03 Alchemix Corporation Method for the production of hydrogen-containing gaseous mixtures
US20050042166A1 (en) * 2001-03-06 2005-02-24 Kindig James Kelly Method for the production of hydrogen-containing gaseous mixtures
US20090071873A1 (en) * 2005-10-10 2009-03-19 Fairstock Technologies Corporation Methods for transforming organic compounds using a liquefied metal alloy and related apparatus
US20080206129A1 (en) * 2007-01-16 2008-08-28 Fairstock Technologies Corporation Methods for transforming compounds using a metal alloy and related apparatus
EP2238269A1 (de) * 2007-12-28 2010-10-13 Posco Verfahren zur vorhersage eines starken druckabfalls eines schmelzvergasers und verfahren zur regulierung des drucks bei einem roheisenerzeugungsverfahren
CN101910421B (zh) * 2007-12-28 2013-04-24 Posco公司 用于预测熔融气化炉的压强急剧下降的方法和用于控制制铁工艺中的压强的方法
EP2238269A4 (de) * 2007-12-28 2010-12-29 Posco Verfahren zur vorhersage eines starken druckabfalls eines schmelzvergasers und verfahren zur regulierung des drucks bei einem roheisenerzeugungsverfahren
EP2250125A4 (de) * 2008-02-01 2012-02-29 Nc12 Inc Gastransfer in reaktoren mit mehreren metallbädern
EP2250125A1 (de) * 2008-02-01 2010-11-17 NC12, Inc. Gastransfer in reaktoren mit mehreren metallbädern
WO2012174284A1 (en) * 2011-06-17 2012-12-20 Ze-Gen, Inc. Reactors containing liquid metal
WO2018132875A1 (en) * 2017-01-19 2018-07-26 The University Of Adelaide Concentrated solar receiver and reactor systems comprising heat transfer fluid
US20210032102A1 (en) * 2018-02-06 2021-02-04 Universidad Politecnica De Madrid Process and device for direct thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons with liquid metal in the absence of oxygen for the production of hydrogen and carbon
US11746010B2 (en) * 2018-02-06 2023-09-05 Universidad Politecnica De Madrid Process and device for direct thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons with liquid metal in the absence of oxygen for the production of hydrogen and carbon
CN112351834A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2021-02-09 加利福尼亚大学董事会 天然气利用熔融盐转化为化学物质和电力
US11453584B2 (en) * 2018-06-29 2022-09-27 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated High throughput methane pyrolysis reactor for low-cost hydrogen production
US11964867B2 (en) 2018-06-29 2024-04-23 Xerox Corporation High throughput methane pyrolysis reactor for low-cost hydrogen production
US11981563B2 (en) 2018-06-29 2024-05-14 Xerox Corporation High throughput methane pyrolysis reactor for low-cost hydrogen production

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AU3919893A (en) 1994-03-15
EP0655084B1 (de) 1999-09-15
CA2140876A1 (en) 1994-03-03
ATE184633T1 (de) 1999-10-15
JP2660102B2 (ja) 1997-10-08
DE69326472D1 (de) 1999-10-21
EP0655084A1 (de) 1995-05-31
WO1994004633A1 (en) 1994-03-03
DE69326472T2 (de) 2000-05-18
JPH07506145A (ja) 1995-07-06
CN1124295A (zh) 1996-06-12
DK0655084T3 (da) 1999-12-20

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