US5547284A - Bag for liquids, pastes, or granulates and method of manufacturing - Google Patents

Bag for liquids, pastes, or granulates and method of manufacturing Download PDF

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Publication number
US5547284A
US5547284A US08/430,092 US43009295A US5547284A US 5547284 A US5547284 A US 5547284A US 43009295 A US43009295 A US 43009295A US 5547284 A US5547284 A US 5547284A
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United States
Prior art keywords
bag
walls
side walls
wall
edge
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Expired - Fee Related
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US08/430,092
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English (en)
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Rodney H. Imer
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/52—Details
    • B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
    • B65D75/5861—Spouts
    • B65D75/5866—Integral spouts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2150/00—Flexible containers made from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2150/00—Flexible containers made from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes
    • B31B2150/001—Flexible containers made from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes with square or cross bottom
    • B31B2150/0012—Flexible containers made from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes with square or cross bottom having their openings facing in the direction of movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2150/00—Flexible containers made from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes
    • B31B2150/003—Flexible containers made from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes made from tubular sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2160/00—Shape of flexible containers
    • B31B2160/10—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents
    • B31B2160/106—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents obtained from sheets cut from larger sheets or webs before finishing the bag forming operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2160/00—Shape of flexible containers
    • B31B2160/20—Shape of flexible containers with structural provision for thickness of contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2170/00—Construction of flexible containers
    • B31B2170/20—Construction of flexible containers having multi-layered walls, e.g. laminated or lined
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S383/00—Flexible bags
    • Y10S383/906—Dispensing feature

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns first a bag for liquids, pastes, or granulates.
  • the bag consists of four flexible sheets. The edges of the sheets are fastened together tight along their sides and bottom and to some extent along the top, creating a front wall, a rear wall, and two side walls. The four walls demarcate the inside of the bag.
  • bags for liquids, pastes, or granulates are known. Some examples are sachets, stand-up bags, tubing bags, paper sacks, and even box-like bags, milk cartons for example. They can be made of coated paper, plastic sheet, metal foil, or plastic-and-foil laminate for example.
  • the object of the present invention is accordingly a bag of the aforesaid genus that will stand up stable and balanced on a level surface when full.
  • the bag is also intended to be as simple in structure as possible. It should be attractive. It should have the possibility to provide it with a resealing component that is made only of the same material as the bag. The last is of particular importance because such known means of resealing bags as screw-on caps or snap-caps are expensive and entail recycling problems in that they are usually made of materials other than that of the bag.
  • Bags that cannot be closed again have on the other hand very limited commercial uses, are not secure, and the life of the contents is limited.
  • the basic principle of the invention is that the side walls of the bag differ slightly from the front and rear walls in their mechanical properties, specifically in being somewhat more rigid.
  • the result is that the pressure exerted against the walls of a bag in accordance with the invention while it is being filled, will have a different effect on the side walls than it does on the front and rear walls.
  • the front and rear walls will deform more extensively than the side walls.
  • the bottoms of the side walls will accordingly fold in subject to the weight of the contents and, as the front and rear walls continue to deform, will create such a flat and stable base at the bottom that the sack will stand solid and stable on a level surface.
  • the difference between the rigidity of the side walls and the front and rear walls can, as recited in the subsidiary claims and with reference to the various examples be attained either by making the side walls out of a different material than the front and rear walls or by making them out of the same material but of a different thickness than the front and rear walls.
  • the walls can be made of single-ply plastic, paper, processed paper, or cardboard. Laminates of various plastics with metal foil, paper, or cardboard can of course also be employed. Unbonded double plies of various materials can also be employed.
  • the sheets the side walls are made of to be of a laminate, whereby the layer of laminate constituting the outer surface of the finished bag melts and seals at a temperature higher than the layer of laminate constituting the inner surface of the finished bag.
  • the outer layer of the side wall can be polyester for example and the inner layer polyethylene.
  • edges of all four wall sheets in one embodiment of the bag that stands up especially satisfactorily face one another at a right angle at least along the bottom of the bag and are sealed together such that the empty bag will be shaped like a double T when viewed from underneath. This measure ensures that the downward-folded sections of the side walls will constitute an especially ample base.
  • the bag can on the whole be rectangular when viewed from the front and, due to the tapering together of the upper edges of the front and rear walls, more triangular when viewed from the side.
  • the bag will be particularly stable if the sheets are hot-sealed or cemented together along their outer edges which point in the same direction.
  • the resulting seams which can be 3 to 15 mm wide depending on the size of the bag, will make it particularly rigid.
  • a contents-removal opening can be introduced very simply at the top of a bag in accordance with the invention by means of a tear-off or cut-off tab.
  • the opening can for example be positioned in the vicinity of one of the corners at the top of the bag so that, once the tab has been torn or trimmed off, a pouring spout can be created by pulling out the top of one of the side walls.
  • the inside of the bag to have a spout extending toward the upper edge just upstream of the opening and for at least some of that spout to be accommodated in a strip-shaped tab that is delimited from the edge of the bag with the tear-off or cut-off tab at its outer end.
  • This embodiment of the bag can be closed again by folding down and tucking the tab, which is positioned to be at least partially pulled through a hold-tight slit that extends through the front and rear walls, is sealed off against the inside of the bag, and is as long as the tab is wide and as wide as the tab is thick.
  • the resulting closure is made of the same material as the bag itself and ensures reliable reclosing. Exploitation of the full potential of the various embodiments of the bag in accordance with the present invention will ensure the following advantages.
  • the bags can easily be manufactured with only slight modifications of existing machinery and methods.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of one embodiment of a bag
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are oblique front perspective views of the bag illustrated in FIG. 1 at two different stages of the opening process
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of another embodiment
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are oblique front perspective views of the bag illustrated in FIG. 4 at two different stages of the opening process
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of still another embodiment
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are oblique front perspective views of the bag illustrated in FIG. 7 at two different stages of the opening process
  • FIG. 10 is a front view of a fourth embodiment
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 are oblique front perspective views of the bag illustrated in FIG. 10 at two different stages of the opening process
  • FIGS. 13 through 15 are oblique front perspective views of the bags illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 3 at various stages of being filled,
  • FIGS. 16 through 18 are sections through the material the bags illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 3 are made of at various stages of manufacture
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic perspective view of machinery for manufacturing the bags illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 3, and
  • FIG. 20 through 22 are sections along the lines XX, XXI, and XXII through the material traveling through the machinery illustrated in FIG. 19.
  • FIGS. 1 through 12 differ only in minor details, and similar parts are numbered the same.
  • the bag illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 3 has a front wall 1, a rear wall 2, and side walls 3 and 4 in the form of rectangular sheets of plastic or foil.
  • Side walls 3 and 4 are more rigid than front wall 1 or rear wall 2. All sheets can be laminated with an outer layer of polyester and an inner layer of polyethylene. This feature will simplify the manufacturing specified hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 16 through 22.
  • Side walls 3 and 4 can be made more rigid by making them thicker than front wall 1 or rear wall 2.
  • the front and rear walls in one typical embodiment made of a non-laminate and intended to contain 1 liter of such a non-corrosive household product as liquid cleanser can be made of polyethylene 75 micrometers thick and the side walls of polyethylene 150 micrometers thick.
  • the front and rear walls in another embodiment made of a laminate and intended to contain 500 ml of skin cream can be made of a polyethylene-aluminum-polyester laminate 75 micrometers thick and the side walls of a laminate of the same structure 125 micrometers thick.
  • FIGS. 1 through 3 illustrate a full bag.
  • the bottoms 3.2 and 4.2 of side walls 3 and 4 fold under in an inwards direction and constitute a flat base, ensuring that the bag will stand up reliably and stable on a level surface.
  • the tops 3.1 and 4.1 of side walls 3 and 4 on the other hand fold in, providing the bag with an approximately triangular profile when viewed from the side.
  • the front and rear walls of the bag are hot-sealed to the side walls along upper edge 6.
  • the bag can be opened, as will be evident from FIG. 2, by snipping off upper-left corner 5, releasing corners 7.1 and 7.2.
  • Corners 7.1 and 7.2 can then be folded out in the directions indicated by arrows A between side wall 3 and front wall 1 on the one hand and rear wall 2 on the other and the middle upper edge 3.1 of the upper edge pulled out in the direction indicated by arrow B, creating a spout for pouring out the bag's contents as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the bag illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 3 is the simplest from the aspects of both structure and manufacture.
  • FIGS. 4 through 6 illustrate a bag that is similar in principle to the one illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 3, differing only in the structure of the pouring spout.
  • This bag is not opened by trimming off a corner. It has a tear-off or trim-off tab 8 extending out of the main body of the bag at the top.
  • the upper edge 6.1 of tear-off or trim-off tab 8 is hot-sealed tight and the seal extends to the also hot-sealed upper edge 6 of the bag.
  • FIGS. 7 through 9 illustrate a bag that is particular appropriate for thinner liquids. It is accordingly provided with a narrow pouring spout, although side walls 3 and 4 are wide as in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 4 through 6.
  • the bag has a tear-off or trim-off tab 9 at the upper-left corner that extends out beyond the edge.
  • tab 9 Once tab 9 has been removed, the upper corners 7.1 and 7.2 of side wall 3 are folded out and the middle upper edge 3.1 of the wall can, as will be evident from FIG. 9, be pulled out.
  • the pouring spout is narrow because front and rear walls 1 and 2 narrow slightly at the top 3.3 of left-hand side wall 3. Comparison of FIGS. 7 and 4 will show how this feature will result in a narrower spout.
  • FIGS. 1 through 9 cannot be resealed after once being opened.
  • FIGS. 10 through 12 illustrate an embodiment of the bag that can be resealed again after having been opened.
  • This bag which is otherwise similar to the embodiment hereinbefore described, has a strip-shaped opening tab 10 with a tear-off section 10.3 that extends beyond the upper edge of the bag. Part of the tab is demarcated at its inner edge from the rest of the bag by a longitudinal slit 10.2 that extends over a prescribed length through front and rear walls 1 and 2. The tightness of the bag is maintained at this point by appropriately sealing the material on each side of slit 10.2.
  • a hold-tight slot 11 Parallel to slit 10.2 but slightly farther down the bag is a hold-tight slot 11 that also extends through front and rear walls 1 and 2 and is sealed off against the inside of the bag by seals 1.11 that extend around it. Slot 11 is as long as tab 10 is wide and as wide as the tab 10 is thick.
  • This embodiment as well can be slightly narrower at its top 3.4.
  • the empty bag is, as will be evident from FIG. 13, rectangular. It has a front wall 1 made of one sheet of material, a rear wall 2 made of another sheet, and two side walls 3 and 4, each made of another sheet. All these sheets are rectangular and are hot-sealed together along their edges 13 and 14 such that the inside of the bag is accessible only through an opening 12, through which the mouthpiece 15 of a filling machine can introduced. Just prior to being filled, the bag will be shaped like a double T or a double Y when viewed from below. The lateral edges of side walls 3 and 4 rectangular. It has a front wall 1 made of one sheet of material, a rear wall 2 made of another sheet, and two side walls 3 and 4, each made of another sheet.
  • All these sheets are rectangular and are hot-sealed together along their edges 13 and 14 such that the inside of the bag is accessible only through an opening 12, through which the mouthpiece 15 of a filling machine can introduced.
  • the bag will be shaped like a double T or a double Y when viewed from below. The lateral edges of side walls 3 and 4 will separate in the direction indicated by arrow D as the bag is filled.
  • the full bag is closed by sealing off opening 12.
  • Side-wall 3 sheet is sealed half-way along its lower edge by seams U3-1, S3-1, and O3-1 and half-way along its upper edge by seams U4-1, S4-1, and O4-1 to front wall 1.
  • Side-wall 4 sheet is sealed half-way along its lower edge by seams U3-2, S3-2, and O3-2 and halfway along its upper edge by seams U4-2 (hidden in FIG. 13), S4-2, and O4-2 to rear-wall 2 sheet.
  • Front and rear walls 1 and 2 are sealed together along the lower edge by a seam U1-2 and along the upper edge by a seam O1-2.
  • side walls 3 and 4 tend because of their relative rigidity to fold out laterally in the directions indicated by arrows E and F and front and rear walls 1 and 2 tend because of their relative flexibility to fold under in the directions indicated by arrows G and H until under the weight of the entering contents the bag attains the final shape illustrated in FIG. 15, with the lower sections 3.2 and 4.2 of side walls 3 and 4 completely folded in below the bottom of the bag in the directions indicated by arrows G and H, where they constitute a stable base for the bag to stand up stable and balanced on the level surface represented by arrow j.
  • the points 16.1 and 16.2 at the upper edge of the bag are now sealed together to retain the bag's shape.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic representation of a sheet of material used to create a front wall 1, another sheet used to create a rear wall 2, and a third sheet folded over to create a side wall 3. All the sheets are laminates, and side-wall 3 sheet is thicker as hereinbefore specified than front-wall 1 sheet or rear-wall 2 sheet.
  • the layer 1.5 of front-wall 1 laminate and the layer 2.5 of rear-wall 1 laminate that face the inner surface 3.5 of side-wall 3 sheet are of a plastic with a relatively low hot-sealing temperature, polyethylene for example.
  • the outer surface 3.6 of side-wall 3 sheet on the other hand consists of a material, polyester for instance, with a higher hot-sealing temperature.
  • the edges of wall 1, wall 2, and wall 3 sheets can now be sealed together as illustrated in FIG. 17 with nothing separating the two halves of surface 3.6.
  • the jaws 17 of the sealing apparatus can in fact be applied directly to the edges of the overlapping sheets.
  • the heat can be applied at a temperature that will leave front-wall 1 sheet sealed to side-wall 3 sheet at points 1.5-3.5, rear-wall 2 sheet sealed to side-wall 3 sheet at points 2.5-3.5, and the outer edges of side-wall 3 sheet separate at points 3.6.
  • FIGS. 19 through 22 are highly schematic illustrations of machinery for carrying out the method specified with reference to FIGS. 16 through 18.
  • Wall 1, 2, 3, and 4 sheets are extracted from supply rolls 20, 21, 22, and 23 and brought into contact by feed rollers 24, 24, and 26.
  • Wall 3 and 4 sheets are supplied folded in as will be particularly evident from FIG. 20.
  • the sheets are positioned to produce two rows of bags. They travel through hot-sealing jaws 17 that seal the edges.
  • FIG. 21 illustrates the situation downstream of jaws 17.
  • the sheets then travel through a combination of jaws and mechanism 18 that seals off a bottom and slits the sheet lengthwise into two bags.
  • the sheets finally travel through a combination of jaws and mechanism 19 that seals the top of the bags and cuts them off transversely from the web. This situation is illustrated in FIG. 22.
  • the various steps of this process can of course be carried out in other sequences.
  • the bags leaving the machinery illustrated in FIG. 19 can be stacked and conveyed to filling machinery.
  • the bags can be filled by known methods.
  • the full bags can be finally molded by hand while being sorted into cartons. It is on the other hand also possible when low-density and light-weight materials are being loaded to final-shape the bag with a blast of compressed air before it is filled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Jellies, Jams, And Syrups (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
US08/430,092 1992-06-04 1995-04-26 Bag for liquids, pastes, or granulates and method of manufacturing Expired - Fee Related US5547284A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/430,092 US5547284A (en) 1992-06-04 1995-04-26 Bag for liquids, pastes, or granulates and method of manufacturing

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9207558U DE9207558U1 (de) 1992-06-04 1992-06-04 Verpackungsbeutel für flüssige, pastöse und körnige Stoffe
DE9207558.4 1992-06-04
US7061293A 1993-06-01 1993-06-01
US08/430,092 US5547284A (en) 1992-06-04 1995-04-26 Bag for liquids, pastes, or granulates and method of manufacturing

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US7061293A Continuation 1992-06-04 1993-06-01

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US5547284A true US5547284A (en) 1996-08-20

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US (1) US5547284A (es)
EP (1) EP0580989B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE128431T1 (es)
DE (2) DE9207558U1 (es)
DK (1) DK0580989T3 (es)
ES (1) ES2078777T3 (es)

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US5788121A (en) * 1994-11-18 1998-08-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Hosokawa Yoko Bag for bag-in-box and bag-in-box
US5843540A (en) * 1996-11-15 1998-12-01 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance, S.A. Multi-layer flexible container for flowable materials
FR2765518A1 (fr) * 1997-07-02 1999-01-08 Gilbert Capy Procede de fabrication d'un conteneur a base de papier
FR2765519A1 (fr) * 1997-07-02 1999-01-08 Gilbert Capy Perfectionnement d'un procede de fabrication d'un conteneur a base de papier pour en renforcer la base d'appui
US5862652A (en) * 1995-03-03 1999-01-26 Rovema Packaging Machines, L.P. Tubular bagging machine with an asymmetrical forming shoulder and tubular bags with an edge-side longitudinal seam
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EP0580989A1 (de) 1994-02-02
DE9207558U1 (de) 1992-10-29
EP0580989B1 (de) 1995-09-27
DE59300663D1 (de) 1995-11-02
DK0580989T3 (da) 1996-02-05
ATE128431T1 (de) 1995-10-15
ES2078777T3 (es) 1995-12-16

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