US3893503A - Continuous casting plant - Google Patents

Continuous casting plant Download PDF

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US3893503A
US3893503A US407473A US40747373A US3893503A US 3893503 A US3893503 A US 3893503A US 407473 A US407473 A US 407473A US 40747373 A US40747373 A US 40747373A US 3893503 A US3893503 A US 3893503A
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curve
bending
rollers
plant according
straightening
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Erich Eibl
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Voestalpine AG
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Voestalpine AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
    • B22D11/1282—Vertical casting and curving the cast stock to the horizontal

Definitions

  • References Cited is a position coordinate in a Cartesian coordinate sys- UNITED STATES PATENTS tem, whose origin lies, in each case, at the beginning 3 290 74' 12/1966 olsson [64/282 x of the transition curve and whose x-axis is a tangent to 332493l 6/1967 54/82 the transition curve, on the outer side of the strand 3:645:323 2 1972 Vogt et a1.
  • the invention relates to a continuous casting plant with a secondary cooling zone arranged to follow the mold and provided with rollers for guiding, bending and/or straightening the strand, wherein the bending rollers are arranged along a transition curve from the vertical to the circular arc and the straightening rollers are arranged along a transition curve from the circular arc to the horizontal.
  • Such continuous casting plants in which the strand is bent into the horizontal have a lower overall height as compared with vertical plants. If one wants to use a straight mold instead of a curved mold, which has metallurgical advantages, between the mold or a short vertical guiding part following the mold, respectively, and the guide path having the form of a circular arc of e.g. a diameter of 8 to 10 m, a curved intermediate piece following a transition curve must be provided, so as to avoid sudden elongation stresses at the outer side of the strand, whose core is still liquid. Therefore it has been proposed from various parts, see eg US. Pat. No. 3,290,741, Austrian Pat. No. 231,629 and Austrian Pat. No.
  • the transition curve 244,522 to form the transition curve in such a way that the radius of curvature is gradually or stepwisely increasing, e.g. resembling a hyperbola, a parabola, an ellipse or a clothoid.
  • the straightening zone at the transition from the circular arc-shaped part of the secondary cooling zone into the horizontal part of the conveying path should be formed along a transition curve, so as to avoid excessive elongations at the inner side of the strand.
  • the final radius at the end of the bending zone and the initial radius at the beginning of the straightening zone are to be absolutely equal to the radius of curvature of the guiding part, which has the form of a circular arc and being arranged between the bending zone and the straightening zone.
  • a this object is achieved in a plant of the above described type in that the bending and straightening rollers, respectively, are arranged along a curve which corresponds to the differential equation:
  • v'" 'u d) i 5 f (m m- ,q5(x being a function of the elongation alteration, (change in elongation) which, along the extents of the bending and straightening zones, respectively, shows at first an increasipg course, then reaches the maximum of the permissible elongation alteration and then again has a declining course, R being equal to the radius of the circular arc at the end of the bending zone and the beginning of the straightening zone, respectively, and X being the vertical projection of the bending zone or the horizontal projection of the straightening zone, respectively, and x, being a position coordinate in a Cartesian coordinate system, whose origin lies at the beginning of the transition curve and whose x-axis forms a tangent to the transition curve to the outer side of the strand during bending, and to the inner side of the strand during straightening.
  • the invention therefore is based on the finding that what matters is the elongation alteration d '(x which is a derivation from (x,-), a function proportionate to the elongation.
  • the deformation resistance depends on the deformation rate, only alterations of the elongation cause tensions and only this alteration is important for the danger of crack formation. If the derivation of the elongation d '(x,-) exceeds a limit value, cracks occur at the point concerned. The course of d '(x,-) must therefore occur in such a way that this limit value is not exceeded during bending and straightening, respectively.
  • the maximum elongation D is assumed with 50d/R d being the thickness of the stand and R; as defined above.
  • the rollers for bending and straightening the strand are arranged at points which result from a course, free from marked jumps, of the function of the elongation alteration or change in elongation (x).
  • the course is preferably polygonal, in particular trapezoidal, but may also be in the form of a circular arc, a parabola or a similar shape.
  • FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4 relates to a first embodiment
  • FIG. I is a schematic side view, not to scale, of a bending device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the bendingand supporting forces acting on a cast strand.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph corresponding or proportionate to a standardized (i.e. the maximum of the function equals 1 course of the momentum line, or to the elongation alteration at the outer side of the strand, or to the third derivation y' (x each of them referring to the x-axis of a coordinate system, whose origin lies at the beginning of the bending device and at the outer side of the strand, and y (x being the function for the geometrical course of the bent strand skin.
  • a standardized i.e. the maximum of the function equals 1 course of the momentum line, or to the elongation alteration at the outer side of the strand, or to the third derivation y' (x each of them referring to the x-axis of a coordinate system, whose origin lies at the beginning of the bending device and at the outer side of the strand, and y (x being the function for the geometrical course of the bent strand skin.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph, which shows the effective course of the elongation and of the elongation alteration of the outer strand skin, each being referred to the above mentioned coordinate system.
  • FIGS. 5, 6, 7 and 8 relate to a second embodiment of the invention, wherein the FIGS. 5, 6 are illustrations similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, and the FIGS. 7 and 8 correspond to the FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • FIGS. 9, l and 11 are illustrations similar to FIGS. 3 and 7, but for different cases of stress to which the strand is exposed during bending in the bending device of the present invention.
  • FIGS. l2, I3, 14 and 15 are illustrations similar to FIGS. 4 and 8 and refer to prior art, FIG. 12 corresponding to the geometrical course of the bent strand skin following a circle, FIG. 13 following an ellipse, FIG. 14 following a common parabola, and FIG. 15 following a clothoid.
  • FIGS. 16, 17, 18 and 19 refer to a third embodiment of the invention, i.e. to a straightening device, FIGS. 16, 17 being similar to FIGS. and 6, and FIGS. 18 and 19 being similar to FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • FIG. 20 is a side view of a strand that is first bent in a bending device of the present invention and then straightened in a straightening device of the present invention and serves to illustrate the position of the coor dinate system in the bending device and the straightening device, respectively.
  • the straight strand which is being introduced into the bending device of the present invention, is denoted with I. It is a continuously cast strand, which is drawn from a water-cooled mold and has a rectangular cross section and a thickness of d 200 mm, and which, after leaving the mold has a surface temperature of approx. l400C and a strand skin thickness of approx. 30 mm.
  • a vertical straight roller guiding with rollers arranged in pairs and lying opposite each other is provided for supporting and guiding the strand 1, the last pair of rollers of this straight strand guiding being marked in dotted lines and being denoted with 2, 3.
  • the bending device of the present invention comprises nine non-driven roller pairs, the rollers 4, 7, 9, l3, l7, I9, 20 pertain to the device causing the bending of the strand 1, while the rollers 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 14, l5, l6, I8, 21 merely have a supporting function, i.e. they shall counteract a bulging of the strand as a consequence of the ferrostatic pressure. All the rollers 4 to 21 are not driven and are freely rotatable.
  • the strand I leaves the bending device with a radius R 8000 mm and runs in the direction of the arrow into the strand guiding, which has the form ofa circular arc and consists also of roller pairs, the first of which being illustrated in dotted lines and being denoted with 22 and 23.
  • the bending rollers pertaining to the bending device proper are the rollers 7, 9, 13, 17, 19, whereas the rollers 4 and 20 are the supporting rollers that accommodate the reaction forces.
  • the centers and the axes of these rollers are denoted with 7", 9", 13", 17", 19", and the tangent points or the generatrices', respectively, of the surface area of these rollers which touch the strand skin are denoted with 7', 9', 13', 17', 19'.
  • the remaining rollers, which only accommodate the ferrostatic pressure, touch the strand skin in the points or lines 5', 6,8',10', 11', 12', 14,15, 16,18', 21' and their centers or axes are analogously denoted with 5", 6! 11,1 1!
  • rollers 4 to 21 just like the rollers 2, 3 and 22, 23, respectively are arranged equidistantly and the tangent points 4', 5' to 21' lie on curve paths 24, 25, which correspond to the geometrical course of the outer and inner strand skin, respectively.
  • the curve 24 corresponds to a function y(x whose coordinates are to be defined, the origin of the coordinate system x, y lying in the point 4'.
  • the y-axis is denoted with 26 and marks the beginning of the transition zone.
  • the xaxis is denoted with 27 and is a tangent to the curve 24 in the point 4'.
  • the direction of the positive x-axis runs in the direction of the movement of the strand, while the direction of the positive y-axis 26 runs perpendicularly towards the strand interior. Therefore, 26 simultaneously denotes the plane through the roller axes 4", 5" and through the tangent points 4', 5', and the perpendicular to the tangent in the tangent points 4', 5 of the curves 24, 25. Analogously, the corresponding planes and perpendiculars, respectively, through the subsequent pairs of rollers are denoted with 28, 29, 30, 3 l, 32, 33, 34, 35.
  • the curve 24 has a radius of curvature R R and the radii of curvature in the subsequent tangent points 6', 8' to 20' are analogously denoted with R R,, R,,,, R R R R and R wherein R R 8000 mm.
  • the angles of inclination of the planes or the perpendiculars 28 to 35 through the tangent points 6', 8' to 20' to the y-axis 26 are denoted with 11 a a 0: a 01 a and 0 and must also be defined for the bending device of the present invention.
  • the x-coordinates of the tangent points 6', 8, 12', 16', 18', 20' or the distances of these points from each other.
  • the distance A is to measure 200 mm and thus the overall length of the curve 24, when projected into the x-axis 27 is X 1600 mm.
  • the distances between the tangent points 4', 6' and 8', and 16', 18' and 20', respectively, are equal, i.e. each being A 200 mm, and the distance between the tangent points 8', 12' and 16' is twice as big, i.e. each being 2A 400 mm.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematical illustration of the vectors of the bending forces P P P,;,, P P acting upon the inner side of the strand and of the corresponding supporting forces (reaction forces) P P
  • the lines of influence of these vectors lie in the planes 28, 29, 31, 33, 34, or perpendiculars 26, 35, respectively.
  • FIG. 2 also illustrates a tangent 27 for the curve 25, displaced parallel in relation to the x-axis 27 and running through the tangent point 5'.
  • the x-coordinate of the points 4', 6, 8', 12', 16', 18', 20' are plotted on the x-axis. They are denoted as x,, x x x x,,, X x
  • the measurements 1.000, 0.667 and 0.375 are plotted on an arbitrarily chosen graduation, which figures constitute prorated values and in this specific case ycoordinates for the points x x and x and x and x,,,' respectively, for forming a mirror-symmetrical curve 42 with the points 4', 39, 37, 36, 38, 40, 41, the axis of symmetry running through the points 36 and Jr
  • the curve 42 is drawn in broken lines and the area 43 enclosed between the curve and the x-axis is hatched.
  • the curve 42 takes a polygonal course, similar to the course of a moment line, which would result from the statically determined load case illustrated in FIG. 2. Moreover, the course of the curve 42 is similar to the course of a curve that corresponds to the elongation alteration of a line element of the outer strand skin expressed in %/mm, measured along the x-axis 27. Third, the course of the curve 42 is similar to the course of a curve corresponding to the curvature alteration of the curve 24 or to the third de' rivative y' (.r,) of the function y(x respectively.
  • the area 43 is an auxiliary value FLE, which is necessary for the further calculation.
  • FLE auxiliary value
  • R; FLE 3 k is a further transforming factor, which is later on used for the calculation of the curve 24, which follows the function y (.r,).
  • the ordinate values for the curve 42' and the points 39', 37, 36', 38, 40', respectively are obtained by multiplying the y-values of the curve 42 with the transforming factor k".
  • R being the respective radius of curvature.
  • roller centers 7", 9" to 21" of the rollers 5, 7, 9 to 21 on the inner strand skin, respectively, of the curve 25 may be defined analogously from the coordinates x, and y,':
  • the coordinates x,,,, y for the geometrical locus of the curvature centers of the curve 24 and 25 can be calculated from:
  • Table 1 contains the values for the elongation alteration and the total elongation on the outer strand skin, which correspond to the curves 42' and 44 in FIG. 4, and the radius of curvature R ⁇ .
  • the first two columns contain the coordinates for the curve 24, corresponding to the function y (x and the increase (slope) of this curve, expressed as y (x,), and tan 01,, respectively, is contained to the third column.
  • the angles a a to 0: can be calculated immediately from the numerical values of column 3.
  • Table 3 contains in its upper part the coordinates of the rollers 4, 6, 8 to 20, according to the equations 13, 14 and in its lower part the coordinates of the opposite rollers on the inner side of the strand 1, according to the equations 15, 16.
  • roller axis is identical with roller center.”
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 a modified embodiment of the continuous casting plant of the present invention is illustrated.
  • the straight strand entering the bending zone is denoted with l and the rollers 2, 3, indicated in broken lines, are the last rollers of a straight strand guiding.
  • the strand 1 again has a thickness of d 200 mm and is withdrawn from the bending device in the direction of the arrow and is further guided in a circular arc guiding, indicated by the roller pair 22, 23, the circular arc guiding having an outer radius R 8000 mm.
  • the bending device of the present invention comprises four rollers 47, 49, 50, 48, the rollers 49, 50 producing bending forces P P on the inner side of the strand and the roller 47, 48 causing reaction forces P P (FIG. 6).
  • the bending rollers 49, 50 and the supporting rollers 47, 48 are not driven.
  • Opposite the bending rollers 49, 50, guiding rollers 51, 52 are arranged, which do not take part in the proper bending of the strand, but counteract the ferrostatic pressure of the liquid strand core.
  • the rollers 51, 52 may e.g. be omitted, if a completely solidified strand, e.g. a rail, is bent.
  • the corresponding tangent points of the rollers are denoted with 47', 48', etc., analogous to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 4, and similarly the roller centers or roller axes, respectively, are denoted with 47", 48", etc.
  • the positive yaxis is denoted with 53, and 59 denotes the positive x-axis of a rectangular coordinate system for the curve 54 laid through the tangent point 47'.
  • the curve 54 corresponds to the outer strand skin, and hence to the function y(x;), and the curve 55 corresponds to the equidistant inner strand skin.
  • the curve 65 consists of a straight section 65', which coincides with a tangent in the x-axis 59 to the point 47', a section in form of a parabola that reaches as far as point 66, an inflectional tangent 65" between the points 66, 67, another section in form of a parabola from point 67 to the maximum value 68 and a straight section 65" parallel to the x-axis 59, which section coincides with the tangent 59' to the point 68.
  • Table 5 contains numerical values for the curve 54 and its ascent or slope, expressed as tangent of 01,-.
  • the curve 54 represents the geometrical locus of the bent outer strand skin in the bending zone. At its beginning and at its end, the supporting forces P P act, while the bending forces P P act on the equidistant curve 55.
  • the respective radius of curvature of the curve 54 can be seen from column 3 of table 4, and table 6 contains the coordinates x,”, y,” of the roller centers of 5 the rollers 47, 51, 52, 48 on the outer strand skin and the coordinates x,", y,”' of the two bending rollers 49,
  • FIGS. 9, 10, 11 further characteristic examples for the freely selectable course of the standardized moment line, according to different load cases of the strand in the bending zone of the present invention, are illustrated.
  • FIG. 9 four bending forces act upon the inner strand skin in the area of the points x x x x;,,.
  • the inked curve 69 represents the ideal case as regards the bending stress acting upon the strand, i.e. when a constant load (uniform load) is present at the inner side of the strand, which arises when using continuous bending elements extending along the entire bending zone.
  • the maximum 169 is placed in the area of the last third of the entire bending zone. x therefore amounts to approx. of X
  • the points 70, 71, 72 of the curve 69 are buckles, yet not discontinuities.
  • the maximum of a polygonal course 75 is characterized by a zone between the points 78, 76 and 79, which corresponds to the maximum value, while the points 77, 80 are buckles, yet no discontinuities.
  • This is the ideal case of the design of the bending device of the present invention by using bending rollers for the transmission of the bending forces which act in the points x x x x x while the supporting forces and reaction forces, respectively, act at x and x If, however, a uniform bending load is assumed, a course in the form of a circular arc like the curve 75 results for the elongation alteration or change in elongation, the moment line and the curve corresponding to the third derivative y' (1,).
  • bending zone is relatively short and the friction is smaller, but the strand is bent in a very. short section, i.e. it is exposed to a relatively heavy stress and the stress is limited to a short zone.
  • FIGS. 12 and I serve for a better understanding of the invention as compared with the prior art.
  • FIGS. 12 to 15 result.
  • the inked line 81 represents the curve of the elongation alteration 2' (x,-), which shows at the be ginning of the bending zone, at x a discontinuity from w to zero, characterized by the curve 81', and atthe end of the bending zone, at x a discontinuity from zero to characterized by the curve 81".
  • the curve 82 shown in broken lines, runs analogously and corresponds to the remaining elongation 2(x At x a dicontinuity, denoted with 83, is present, i.e. the elongation suddenly rises from zero to the value 83, then remains constant up to x and then again in point 84 rises abruptly to the final value 85 (maximum value).
  • FIG. 12 also illustrates that by piecing together circular arcs to form a transition curve, as this has already been proposed in various cases, a stepped course for the elongation is obtained, i.e.
  • FIG. 13 is an analogous illustration, if the transition curve follows an ellipse.
  • the curve 86' for the elongation alteration rises very slowly at the beginning of the bending zone (x i.e. at first almost linearly, but then in the last section, it ascends very strongly according to the form of a parabola up to a maximum value 87 and from there it descends abruptly according to the curve section 86" down to zero.
  • the curve 88 for the elongation runs analogously. At x a discontinuity from zero to an infinite value 89 is present, from where the curve 88, similar to the curve 86, runs up to a maximum value 90, where a buckle exists.
  • x a discontinuity from zero to an infinite value 89 is present, from where the curve 88, similar to the curve 86, runs up to a maximum value 90, where a buckle exists.
  • the strand is exposed to a sudden load at x and at x it is abruptly freed from this load. If one uses an ellipse as transition curve, the conditions are better than if one uses circular arcs, but optimum bending conditions cannot be achieved.
  • FIG. 14 is an analogous illustration for the of a general parabola of a higher order as transition curve.
  • the curve 91 for the elongation alteration starts from a zero value at x first ascends very strongly and afterwards, running gradually flatter, ascends to a maximum value 92, where a dicon tinuity is present, from which an abrupt descent to zero occurs (x).
  • the curve 93 for the elongation ascends from x to x gradually up to the maximum value, where a buckle exists.
  • FIG, ls illustrates the conditions when a clothoid is used as transition curve.
  • the curve 94 for the elongation alteration has at x a discontinuity from zero to a finite value 95 and, at the end at 1: a maximum value 96, where a second discontinuity is present, where the curve descends to zero.
  • the curve 97 for the elongation starts at x from zero and ascends very rapidly and fairly evenly up to a maximum value, where again a buckle ispresent.
  • the clothoid as transition curve is thus comparable to an ellipse and also causes unfavorable conditions for bending a strand.
  • Hyperbola and catenary have at the transition from the straight line into the bending zone finite radii of curvature; there also dicontinuities occur.
  • FIGS. 16 and 1 illustrate a straightening device according to the inventioh, wherein the strand 1 with the inner radius R, 7800 mm and the thickness d 200 mm enters the straightening device, the strand being elongated at the inner side and upset (compressed in longitudinal direction) at its outer side, thus being straightenedi
  • the straightening device consists of the rollers 100, 101, causing the straightening, and of the rollers 98, 99, accommodating the reaction and supporting forces.
  • the straightening forces are marked with P 00, P101 in FIG.
  • B 98 denotes the tangent point of the roller 98 at the inner side of the strand, which tangent point forms the zero point of a coordinate system, whose positive y-axis is marked with 102 and whose positive x-axis is denoted with 103 (the x-axis 103 is a tangent to the curve 111 (y (x,-)) in the point 98').
  • the y-axis 102 which at the same time is the perpendicular through the point 98', lies the center of curvature M of the circular arc strand guiding with the inner radius R,,.
  • 104, 105, 106 also denote perpendiculars in which lie the lines of influence of the bearing force B and of the straightening forces P P respectively.
  • 107', 108' are intersection points of the perpendiculars 102, 104 with the outer transition curve 112, equidistant to the inner transition curve 111, and 109' and .110 are analogous intersection points on the curve 111.
  • the distance a to the intersection point 109' on the x-axis 103 is given and measures 530 mm.
  • the distance-b to the intersection point 110' from the intersection point 109' on the x-axis 103 is also given and measures I80 mm, and c, the distance between the tangent point 99 of the roller 99 and the intersection point 110' measures 570 mm.
  • Sought is Y ",'the course of the curve 1 11 according to the'functi'orty (x3 and the "course of the equidistant curve 112 as well as the intersection angles a a 01 of the perpendicillars 105, 106, 104 to the y-axis 102, which are important for the construction of the straightening device".
  • FIGS. 18 and 19 are illustrations analogous to FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the equations 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9', 19 and20 and the modified further equations maybe used.
  • the equations 13a. 14a refer to the inner side of the strand, and the equations 15a, 16a, l7a, 18a, refer to the outer side of the strand.
  • the calculation is substantially the same as the calculation of a bending zone.
  • the characteristic of the straightening device may be observed from the above mentioned FIGS. 18 and 19.
  • 1 l3 denotes the course in form of a trapezoid of a standardized moment line or of a curve which is similar to the alteration of the curvature of the elongation alteration 6' (x respectively.
  • the curve 113 defined by the points 98' (1: 114, 115, 116 (x;,) encloses together with the x-axis 103 the area 117.
  • This area 117 is FLE.
  • the upset curve, drawn true to scale, for the elongation alteration 2 (x,) is denoted with 113' in FIG. 19. It has two real zero points in the points 98', 116 and two maximum values 114', 115'.
  • the pertaining curve 118 for the elongation 20g) passes from a horizontal branch 118' via a first point of inflexion 119 into an inflexion tangent 118" and via a second point of inflexion 120 as well as a maximum value 121, which corresponds to the maximum elongation, into a second horizontal branch 118'.
  • additional pairs of rollers 122 for guiding and supporting the strand skin may be arranged in the straightening device, if in a continuous casting plant, this straightening device is used for straightening a cast strand with a still liquid core.
  • the roller pairs 122 may then be arranged floating,which means that, while maintaining their relative distance d in direction of the perpendiculars through the centers of the rollers, they are mounted to be freely movable.
  • guiding rollers are denoted with 107, 108, 109, 110. They, like the roller pairs 122, do not take part in the proper straightening of the strand.
  • FIG. 20 is a synoptical drawing for a bending device according to FIGS. 5 and 6, and for a straightening device according to FIGS. 16 and 17, which are provided in a continuous steel casting plant, a circular arcshaped strand guiding with an outer radius R 8000 mm and an inner radius R, 7800 mm being arranged between the bending device and the straightening device.
  • the thickness of the strand d 200 mm, and the center of curvature is denoted with M. From FIG. 20, the position of the coordinate systems can be seen.
  • the coordinate system x, y with the axes 59, 53 has its origin at the outer side at the beginning of the bending zone in point 47'.
  • the coordinate system x, y with the axes 103, 102 has its origin at the inner side at the beginning of the straightening zone in the point 98'.
  • the inner side of the strand is upset (compressed in longitudinal direction), while in the straightening zone, the outer side of the strand is upset.
  • a further calculation magnitude for the construction of a continuous casting plant according to FIG. 20, in which the strand is gradually diverted, i.e. bent from the vertical into a circular arc and from there straightened into a horizontal, is 01 41, may be calculated from the relationship 21 wherein the angles a and 01 are to be seen from FIGS. 5 and 17.
  • these angles are the inclination angle of the perpendicular 58 at the end of the bending device in relation to the horizontal, the y-axis 53, and the inclination angle of the perpendicular 102 at the beginning of the straightening device in relation to the vertical, which angle is identical with the inclination angle of the perpendicular 104 in relation to the y-axis 102.
  • the inclination angle a 01 of the perpendicular 35, 58 at the end of the bending zone in the transition point 20', 48' toward the circular arc to the y-axis 26, 53 amounts to 3 to 10, preferably to 5 to 7.
  • the inclination to the y-axis 102 of the perpendicular 104 at the transition point 99' from the straightening zone toward the horizontal is advantageous.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention in a continuous casting plant consists in that all the bearing and bending forces, both within the bending device and within the straightening device are transmitted onto the strand advantageously by means of non-driven rollers, wherein, for the adjustment to different strand thicknesses d, at least the rollers at the inner side of the strand are displaced parallel in relation to the strand skin, in direction of the perpendiculars to the points of impact of the bending forces in the bending device and of the bearing forces in the straightening device.
  • the essential technical advantage of the invention consists in that the probability of the occurrence of fissures caused by the dynamic deformation of the strand is minimized, particularly in so-called rapid casting

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
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US407473A 1973-07-24 1973-10-18 Continuous casting plant Expired - Lifetime US3893503A (en)

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JP (1) JPS5245294B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT331439B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE805893A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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CA (1) CA1016721A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH583598A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CS (1) CS203969B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES421046A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2238549B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1451624A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1006612B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4043382A (en) * 1975-01-13 1977-08-23 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for continuously casting steel
US4465121A (en) * 1981-04-30 1984-08-14 Concast Service Union Ag Method and apparatus for bending a strand in a continuous casting installation for metals, especially steel
US4480680A (en) * 1979-10-01 1984-11-06 Voest-Alpine Aktiengesellschaft Bow-type continuous casting plant for strands
US4844145A (en) * 1987-11-03 1989-07-04 Steel Metallurgical Consultants, Inc. Bending of continuously cast steel with corrugated rolls to impart compressive stresses
EP1103321A1 (de) * 1999-11-24 2001-05-30 SMS Demag AG Radien-Konfiguration der Strangführung einer Vertikalabbiege-Stranggiessanlage
US6467533B1 (en) * 1999-10-28 2002-10-22 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Machine and method for continuous casting of steel
RU2206428C2 (ru) * 2001-06-28 2003-06-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" Способ непрерывной разливки слябов на установках с криволинейной технологической осью и установка для его осуществления
CN104384468A (zh) * 2014-12-15 2015-03-04 上海耀秦冶金设备技术有限公司 板坯/方坯连铸机连续弯曲/矫直辊列曲线

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JPS54116990U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1978-02-03 1979-08-16
JPS54120890U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1978-02-08 1979-08-24
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JPS5567734U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1978-11-02 1980-05-09
JP2547114B2 (ja) * 1990-02-28 1996-10-23 高明 松野 芝生地の造成方法
AT406746B (de) * 1998-11-06 2000-08-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren zum stranggiessen von metall sowie stranggiessanlage hierzu
CN102527970B (zh) * 2011-10-31 2013-10-30 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 板坯连铸机连续弯曲矫直段辊列坐标计算方法
US10625355B2 (en) 2014-10-28 2020-04-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Numerical control device
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CN104588604B (zh) * 2015-01-06 2017-01-11 燕山大学 一种连铸机弯曲段和矫直段辊列设计方法
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JP6708690B2 (ja) 2018-04-05 2020-06-10 ファナック株式会社 表示装置
JP6748140B2 (ja) 2018-04-06 2020-08-26 ファナック株式会社 工作機械の制御装置
JP6802212B2 (ja) 2018-04-24 2020-12-16 ファナック株式会社 表示装置
JP6763917B2 (ja) 2018-07-10 2020-09-30 ファナック株式会社 工作機械の制御装置
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US3324931A (en) * 1963-05-03 1967-06-13 Mannesmann Ag Method of deflecting towards the horizontal a curved continuously cast descending billet
US3645323A (en) * 1969-01-21 1972-02-29 Mannesmann Ag Roll system for continuous casting machines
US3729048A (en) * 1970-06-18 1973-04-24 E Gelfenbein Continuous metal-casting plant
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US3324931A (en) * 1963-05-03 1967-06-13 Mannesmann Ag Method of deflecting towards the horizontal a curved continuously cast descending billet
US3645323A (en) * 1969-01-21 1972-02-29 Mannesmann Ag Roll system for continuous casting machines
US3729048A (en) * 1970-06-18 1973-04-24 E Gelfenbein Continuous metal-casting plant
US3752210A (en) * 1971-08-24 1973-08-14 Steel Corp Method for controlling forces on a strand as it solidifies

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4043382A (en) * 1975-01-13 1977-08-23 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for continuously casting steel
US4480680A (en) * 1979-10-01 1984-11-06 Voest-Alpine Aktiengesellschaft Bow-type continuous casting plant for strands
US4465121A (en) * 1981-04-30 1984-08-14 Concast Service Union Ag Method and apparatus for bending a strand in a continuous casting installation for metals, especially steel
US4844145A (en) * 1987-11-03 1989-07-04 Steel Metallurgical Consultants, Inc. Bending of continuously cast steel with corrugated rolls to impart compressive stresses
US6467533B1 (en) * 1999-10-28 2002-10-22 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Machine and method for continuous casting of steel
EP1103321A1 (de) * 1999-11-24 2001-05-30 SMS Demag AG Radien-Konfiguration der Strangführung einer Vertikalabbiege-Stranggiessanlage
RU2206428C2 (ru) * 2001-06-28 2003-06-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" Способ непрерывной разливки слябов на установках с криволинейной технологической осью и установка для его осуществления
CN104384468A (zh) * 2014-12-15 2015-03-04 上海耀秦冶金设备技术有限公司 板坯/方坯连铸机连续弯曲/矫直辊列曲线

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SE388794B (sv) 1976-10-18
ES421046A1 (es) 1976-06-16
CS203969B2 (en) 1981-03-31
JPS5033929A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-04-02
JPS5245294B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-11-15
IT1006612B (it) 1976-10-20
BR7308361D0 (pt) 1975-03-25
AT331439B (de) 1976-08-25
SE7313011L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-01-27
FR2238549A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-02-21
GB1451624A (en) 1976-10-06
CA1016721A (en) 1977-09-06
CH583598A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-01-14
FR2238549B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-10-01
ATA651173A (de) 1975-11-15
BE805893A (fr) 1974-02-01

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