US3290741A - Methods of bending casting in a continuous casting process - Google Patents
Methods of bending casting in a continuous casting process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3290741A US3290741A US152161A US15216161A US3290741A US 3290741 A US3290741 A US 3290741A US 152161 A US152161 A US 152161A US 15216161 A US15216161 A US 15216161A US 3290741 A US3290741 A US 3290741A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- casting
- bending
- roll
- methods
- continuous casting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title description 40
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100537937 Caenorhabditis elegans arc-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
- B22D11/1282—Vertical casting and curving the cast stock to the horizontal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/02—Supporting means, e.g. shuttering, for filling-up materials
Definitions
- the molten metal is supplied continuously to a cooled vertical open-ended mold, from which the metal which is at least partly solidified to form a solid marginal zone is withdrawn more or less continuously and is passed through a cooling zone wherein solidification of the metal continues at least to an extent such as to allow the casting to be gripped and advanced by means of one or more pairs of driven rolls without the casting being undesirably distorted or deformed by the action of the roll pressure required to achieve the friction necessary to advance the casting.
- the casting which leaves the mold in a more or less vertical direction is often bent to a horizontal or substantially horizontal direction by means of a pressure roll or other bending means, whereupon the casting is straightened before it is cut to desired lengths.
- the greater operational reliability resides in the circumstance that failure to cut the continuous casting and operational disturbances in the means for advancing the casting after it has left the mold do not affect the casting process as such, since it is easier to provide sufficient space for advancing an uncut casting than in the case when the casting moves vertically towards a confining floor.
- the present invention relates to a method of bending the casting which leaves the mold in a substantially vertical direction, to a substantially horizontal direction with the smallest possible local stresses in the casting and with the smallest possible need of space to carry out the bending operation.
- the method of this invention comprises carrying out the bending of the casting to the desired substantially horizontal direction progressively or stepwise.
- the elongation to which the material in the casting is subjected in the bending method used hitherto can be reduced considerably, in that the bending is caused to take place progressively or is increased step by step as the temperature of the casting falls and solidification proceeds.
- the casting may obtain a paraboliform bending configuration during passage through the bending means.
- companion rolls E and E bend the casting about fulcrum roll B through are 2 having approximately the radius R
- companion rolls E and E bend the casting about fulcrum roll B through are 2 having approximately the radius R
- rolls A and B are opposition rolls which retain the casting against the fulcrum roll B
- Roll F next bends the casting through are 3 having substantially the radius R roll B acting as the opposing roll to maintain the casting against fulcrum roll E
- roll F further bends the casting about the fulcrum F through the arc 4 having approximately the radius R roll E acting as an opposing roll to hold the casting against the fulcrum roll F and roll G being merely a guide roll.
- C -C are thecenters of radii R R respectively.
- the method of bending a casting which leaves a continuous casting mold, from a substantially vertical direction to a substantially horizontal direction which comprises performing the bending in a plurality of steps, the amount 3 4 of bending increasing as the temperature of the casting 2,698,467 1/ 1955 Tarquinee et a1 22200.1 falls and solidification thereof proceeds. 2,947,075 8/1960 Schneckenburger et a1.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
Description
Dec. 13,
METHODS OF BENDING CASTING IN A CONTINUOUS CASTING PROCESS Filed Nov. 14, 1961 MOLD CASTING C o o l 2 C3 sfiemeHfENme ROLLS 1 O o o Q GUIDE ROLL INVENTOR ERIK ALLAN OLSSON QMJ' ATTORNEYS United States Patent 3,290,741 METHODS OF BENDING CASTING IN A CONTINUOUS CASTING PROCESS Erik Allan Olsson, 66 Zurichstrasse, Kusnacht, Zurich, Switzerland Filed Nov. 14, 1961, Ser. No. 152,161 Claims priority, application Sweden, Nov. 18, 1960, 11,125/ 60 1 Claim. (Cl. 22200.1)
Reference is made to my copending application Serial No. 152,259, filed of even date herewith, now abandoned, and disclosing an apparatus suitable to carry out the method ofthe present invention.
In vertical continuous casting the molten metal is supplied continuously to a cooled vertical open-ended mold, from which the metal which is at least partly solidified to form a solid marginal zone is withdrawn more or less continuously and is passed through a cooling zone wherein solidification of the metal continues at least to an extent such as to allow the casting to be gripped and advanced by means of one or more pairs of driven rolls without the casting being undesirably distorted or deformed by the action of the roll pressure required to achieve the friction necessary to advance the casting. In order to decrease the vertical dimension of the casting installation and to achieve a greater operational reliability, the casting which leaves the mold in a more or less vertical direction is often bent to a horizontal or substantially horizontal direction by means of a pressure roll or other bending means, whereupon the casting is straightened before it is cut to desired lengths. The greater operational reliability resides in the circumstance that failure to cut the continuous casting and operational disturbances in the means for advancing the casting after it has left the mold do not affect the casting process as such, since it is easier to provide sufficient space for advancing an uncut casting than in the case when the casting moves vertically towards a confining floor.
However, the well-known fact that bending can cause cracks or fissures on account of the elongation of the outward side of the bend, limits the possibility of choosing an arbitrarily small bending radius. Apart from the usual visible cracking in the surface area, which is due to the tensile strength of the material being exceeded in the portion thereof which is most subjected to elongation, internal defects may occur in the casting when it is bent on account of the fact that the internal temperature of the casting in particular in the transition zone between solid and fluid material, has not had time to fall to such a level that the material has achieved an appreciable strength. Since different materials, e.g., different grades of steel, behave differently in this respect, a casting machine used to cast several different materials must be constructed with a view to the material which is most subject to cracking. In addition, the size of the casting is, of course, a major factor in the choice of a suitable bending radius. For a constant stress in the surface layer the minimum permissible bending radius increases in proportion to the cross-sectional area of the casting. Considering the fact that certain layers within the casting are particularly sensitive to tension on account of a too high temperature and that these layers approach the centerline of the casting or the neutral line of the bending as solidification proceeds, a smaller bending radius might be permitted if the bendingoperation starts closer to the point of complete solidification.
The knowledge of the strength of various grades of steel at the high temperatures involved here is very limited and the rate of influence of various impurities or alloying additives on the susceptibility to cracking is not completely known. In a general manner it can be said that the stresses which are permitted to appear as a result of the bending of the casting should be kept as small as possible. In no circumstances, the bending radius chosen for the casting should be permitted to result in an elongation of the material at a distance from the neutral line such that the tensile strength of the material at the temperature involved is exceeded.
The novel features that are considered characteristic of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claim. The invention itself, however, both as to its organization and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will best be understood from the following description of specific embodiment when read in connection with the accompanying drawing having a single figure only.
The present invention relates to a method of bending the casting which leaves the mold in a substantially vertical direction, to a substantially horizontal direction with the smallest possible local stresses in the casting and with the smallest possible need of space to carry out the bending operation. The method of this invention comprises carrying out the bending of the casting to the desired substantially horizontal direction progressively or stepwise. Thereby the elongation to which the material in the casting is subjected in the bending method used hitherto, can be reduced considerably, in that the bending is caused to take place progressively or is increased step by step as the temperature of the casting falls and solidification proceeds. In some cases, the casting may obtain a paraboliform bending configuration during passage through the bending means.
In the accompanying drawing is diagrammatically illustrated one embodiment of the method according to the invention described above. The casting is shown as emerging vertically from a mold and being bent in four steps to the horizontal at which point it is straightened by conventional straightening rolls. In the first bending step the roll B with companion roll B being moved to the left, bends the casting through the arc 1 about a fulcrum formed by roll A into a curve having approximately the radius R Roll A is an opposition roll which retains the casting against the fulcrum roll A The companion rolls D D are conventional powered Withdrawal rolls. In the next bending step companion rolls E and E bend the casting about fulcrum roll B through are 2 having approximately the radius R For this bending step rolls A and B are opposition rolls which retain the casting against the fulcrum roll B Roll F next bends the casting through are 3 having substantially the radius R roll B acting as the opposing roll to maintain the casting against fulcrum roll E In the fourth bending step roll F further bends the casting about the fulcrum F through the arc 4 having approximately the radius R roll E acting as an opposing roll to hold the casting against the fulcrum roll F and roll G being merely a guide roll. C -C are thecenters of radii R R respectively.
I claim:
The method of bending a casting which leaves a continuous casting mold, from a substantially vertical direction to a substantially horizontal direction, which comprises performing the bending in a plurality of steps, the amount 3 4 of bending increasing as the temperature of the casting 2,698,467 1/ 1955 Tarquinee et a1 22200.1 falls and solidification thereof proceeds. 2,947,075 8/1960 Schneckenburger et a1.
' 2257.3 X References Cited by the Examiner 5 J. SPENCER OVERHOLSER, Primary Examiner.
UNITED STATES PATENTS WINSTON A. DOUGLAS, MARCUS U. LYONS, WIL- 1,209,039' 12/ 1916 Rowley 2257.2 LIAM J. STEPHENSON, Examiners. 2 264 288 12/1941 Betterton et a1 2257.2
H. W. CUMMINGS, R. A. SANDLER, 2,338,781 1/1944 Porter 22--57.2
Assistant Examiners.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE1112560 | 1960-11-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3290741A true US3290741A (en) | 1966-12-13 |
Family
ID=20293400
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US152161A Expired - Lifetime US3290741A (en) | 1960-11-18 | 1961-11-14 | Methods of bending casting in a continuous casting process |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3290741A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1003186A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1124450B (en) |
DK (1) | DK110227C (en) |
FR (1) | FR1306367A (en) |
GB (1) | GB941720A (en) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3329199A (en) * | 1964-10-16 | 1967-07-04 | Koppers Co Inc | Apparatus for the continuous casting of metals |
US3391725A (en) * | 1966-01-13 | 1968-07-09 | Concast Inc | Process and apparatus for cooling and supporting a continuous casting strand |
US3435879A (en) * | 1965-01-11 | 1969-04-01 | United Eng Foundry Co | Continuous casting method |
US3603377A (en) * | 1965-08-09 | 1971-09-07 | Georgy Lukich Khim | Curvilinear mold and secondary cooling system for continuously cast metal |
US3656536A (en) * | 1968-11-28 | 1972-04-18 | Piero Colombo | Method for cooling the cast strand in curved-guide continuous casting plants |
US3707180A (en) * | 1970-01-29 | 1972-12-26 | Mannesmann Ag | Method for advancing a continuously cast ingot along a curved withdrawal path |
US3753461A (en) * | 1971-12-16 | 1973-08-21 | United States Steel Corp | Bending-roll unit for continuous-casting machine |
DE2341563A1 (en) * | 1973-08-17 | 1975-04-03 | Voest Ag | Continuous casting secondary cooling zone - in which bending and straightening rolls are positioned according to given formula |
US3893503A (en) * | 1973-07-24 | 1975-07-08 | Voest Ag | Continuous casting plant |
US4043382A (en) * | 1975-01-13 | 1977-08-23 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for continuously casting steel |
US4290479A (en) * | 1978-12-28 | 1981-09-22 | Piero Colombo | Drawing and straightening machine for use in continuous casting plants |
FR2512364A1 (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-03-11 | Mannesmann Ag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CASTING STEEL TO THE DIMENSIONS OF SLABS |
US6155332A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-12-05 | Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh | Process for continuously casting metal and continuous casting apparatus used thereof |
EP1103321A1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2001-05-30 | SMS Demag AG | Configuration of the radii of the strand guiding means in a vertical-curved continuous casting plant |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1209039A (en) * | 1915-02-23 | 1916-12-19 | Superior Pouring Metals Company | Apparatus for pouring steel and producing ingots, bars, &c. |
US2264288A (en) * | 1939-04-13 | 1941-12-02 | American Smelting Refining | Apparatus for continuously casting metals |
US2338781A (en) * | 1942-04-24 | 1944-01-11 | Ralph B Porter | Method and apparatus for continuously casting metal |
US2698467A (en) * | 1950-06-05 | 1955-01-04 | Edward W Osann Jr | Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal |
US2947075A (en) * | 1956-09-21 | 1960-08-02 | Moossche Eisenwerke Ag | Method for the continuous casting of metal strip, and strip casting plant for carrying out the method |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1005024B (en) * | 1956-01-24 | 1957-03-28 | Helmut Romberg | Device for shielding the offset field from the coal impact in struts of the steep storage and use of this device as a moving longwall construction |
-
1959
- 1959-04-01 DE DEB52691A patent/DE1124450B/en active Pending
-
1961
- 1961-11-09 DK DK445361AA patent/DK110227C/en active
- 1961-11-14 US US152161A patent/US3290741A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1961-11-15 CA CA836,096A patent/CA1003186A/en not_active Expired
- 1961-11-16 FR FR879113A patent/FR1306367A/en not_active Expired
- 1961-11-17 GB GB41229/61A patent/GB941720A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1209039A (en) * | 1915-02-23 | 1916-12-19 | Superior Pouring Metals Company | Apparatus for pouring steel and producing ingots, bars, &c. |
US2264288A (en) * | 1939-04-13 | 1941-12-02 | American Smelting Refining | Apparatus for continuously casting metals |
US2338781A (en) * | 1942-04-24 | 1944-01-11 | Ralph B Porter | Method and apparatus for continuously casting metal |
US2698467A (en) * | 1950-06-05 | 1955-01-04 | Edward W Osann Jr | Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal |
US2947075A (en) * | 1956-09-21 | 1960-08-02 | Moossche Eisenwerke Ag | Method for the continuous casting of metal strip, and strip casting plant for carrying out the method |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3329199A (en) * | 1964-10-16 | 1967-07-04 | Koppers Co Inc | Apparatus for the continuous casting of metals |
US3435879A (en) * | 1965-01-11 | 1969-04-01 | United Eng Foundry Co | Continuous casting method |
US3603377A (en) * | 1965-08-09 | 1971-09-07 | Georgy Lukich Khim | Curvilinear mold and secondary cooling system for continuously cast metal |
US3391725A (en) * | 1966-01-13 | 1968-07-09 | Concast Inc | Process and apparatus for cooling and supporting a continuous casting strand |
US3656536A (en) * | 1968-11-28 | 1972-04-18 | Piero Colombo | Method for cooling the cast strand in curved-guide continuous casting plants |
US3707180A (en) * | 1970-01-29 | 1972-12-26 | Mannesmann Ag | Method for advancing a continuously cast ingot along a curved withdrawal path |
US3753461A (en) * | 1971-12-16 | 1973-08-21 | United States Steel Corp | Bending-roll unit for continuous-casting machine |
US3893503A (en) * | 1973-07-24 | 1975-07-08 | Voest Ag | Continuous casting plant |
DE2341563A1 (en) * | 1973-08-17 | 1975-04-03 | Voest Ag | Continuous casting secondary cooling zone - in which bending and straightening rolls are positioned according to given formula |
US4043382A (en) * | 1975-01-13 | 1977-08-23 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for continuously casting steel |
US4290479A (en) * | 1978-12-28 | 1981-09-22 | Piero Colombo | Drawing and straightening machine for use in continuous casting plants |
FR2512364A1 (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-03-11 | Mannesmann Ag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CASTING STEEL TO THE DIMENSIONS OF SLABS |
US6155332A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-12-05 | Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh | Process for continuously casting metal and continuous casting apparatus used thereof |
AU766532B2 (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2003-10-16 | Sollac-Fos | Method for continuously casting metal and a continuous casting installation provided therefor |
EP1103321A1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2001-05-30 | SMS Demag AG | Configuration of the radii of the strand guiding means in a vertical-curved continuous casting plant |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK110227C (en) | 1971-09-06 |
CA1003186A (en) | 1977-01-11 |
DE1124450B (en) | 1962-03-01 |
GB941720A (en) | 1963-11-13 |
FR1306367A (en) | 1962-10-13 |
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