US3873954A - Light colored magnetic rubber - Google Patents
Light colored magnetic rubber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3873954A US3873954A US494631A US49463174A US3873954A US 3873954 A US3873954 A US 3873954A US 494631 A US494631 A US 494631A US 49463174 A US49463174 A US 49463174A US 3873954 A US3873954 A US 3873954A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- grain size
- percent
- powder
- grains
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title description 14
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XMNVMZIXNKZAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);lead(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Pb+2].[Pb+2] XMNVMZIXNKZAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000224 chemical solution deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- AJCDFVKYMIUXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobarium;oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron Chemical compound [Ba]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O AJCDFVKYMIUXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/10—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure
- H01F1/11—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles
- H01F1/113—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles in a bonding agent
- H01F1/117—Flexible bodies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/10—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure
- H01F1/11—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles
- H01F1/113—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles in a bonding agent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
- H01F7/0205—Magnetic circuits with PM in general
- H01F7/021—Construction of PM
- H01F7/0215—Flexible forms, sheets
Definitions
- Rubber-like, flexible permanent magnets consisting of a rubber-like flexible binder material with particles of permanent magnetic materials of high coercivity such as barium-, strontiumor lead ferrite, finely dispersed throughout, are already known. They are used for a great variety of locking, sealing and holding applications. Manufactured in the form of profiles and strips, they are particularly useful for refrigerator gaskets. They also find widespread acceptance when produced in the form of plates or sheets and can be used for demonstration purposes by holding magnetically attracted material or articles on the surface.
- the dark colored permanent magnet strip was enclosed in a casing of a nonmagnetic, flexible, light colored PVC- sealing strip which was in turn fastened onto the door ofa refrigerator (U.S. Pat. No. 2,958,912).
- a refrigerator closure required the provision of an additional nonmagnetic sealing strip that had to be welded at the corners
- the closing force of the refrigerator closure was in addition reduced to a considerable extent, since the non-magnetic upper surface of the casing was interposed between the holding face of the permanent magnet and the part of the refrigerator frame made of a ferro-magnetic material to which the permanent magnet strip adheres.
- the non-magnetic upper surface of the casing interposed between the frame and the magnet exercised the same effect as an air gap.
- the present invention provides a rubber-like flexible permanent magnet having a light color, and having embedded therein the smallest possible proportion of coloring material without the magnetic attractive force and the flexibility being adversely affected by the coloring material.
- a light colored, rubber-like flexible permanent magnet which comprises a rubber-like flexible binder having dis persed therein a permanent magnetic material of high coercivity, such as barium-, strontium-, or lead ferrite powder, and a light coloring material, e.g., a light col ored metallic powder.
- the permanent magnet material normally consists of relatively coarse grains having a grain size of 0.06 0.35 mm, the proportion of grain sizes being mainly within the range of 0.1 0.3 mm, and the proportion of fine and finest permanent magnet powder particles, with respect to the grain size, being removed or minimized to a negligibly small amount.
- the composition may vary, since depending on the process for manufacturing the permanent magnet material and crashing of same, the grain shape of the powder will be different, i.e., there are more or less proportions of globoid, but also of cubic or small plate-shaped grains.
- coloring is preferably effected by mixing 2-15 percent by volume of light colored metal powder, as e.g., aluminum powder, into the mixture of binder and permanent magnet material having a grain size range as above specified according to the invention.
- the size of the metal powder should be as small as can be obtained commercially, the smaller the size, the greater the light coloring effect. This powder effectively coats the permanent magnet grains during the mixing process. Titanium dioxide or other light colored oxides can be used again in powder form of the smallest possible particle size.
- the shape of the particles making up the powder may be that which is commercially available or can be made by ordinary grinding or milling techniques e.g. round, cubic, plate shaped or otherwise. The important thing is that the powder is able to fill in the voids between the permanent magnetic material and/or to coat the magnetic particles either in part or totally.
- the permanent magnet powder particles may be provided, by means of a chemical process, with a colored' coating in order to obtain a light colored, rubber-like, flexible permanent magnet material. Coating is effected according to the known dip tank method in an activated bath in which metal salts, as for instance salts of nickel, cadmium, copper and the like are dissolved.
- a light colored, flexible permanent magnet may be obtained by coating the permanent magnet powder particles, preferably with aluminum in the finest possible distribution e.g., a vapor. This coating is effected by vapor plating in a vacuum.
- composition of the mixture of the colored, rubber-like flexible permanent magnet according to the invention comprises 3,377 g LII LII
- barium ferrite powder This total amount is composed of:
- the rubber-like flexible binder is composed of 425 g of a soft synthetic rubber, as e.g., sulfochlorinated, plasticized polyethylene.
- the softener used for this purpose may be Vistanex L l40 produced by ENJAY Chemical Co. v
- the manufacture of the colored, rubber-like flexible permanent magnet according to the invention requires an intimate mixture of the permanent magnetaluminum-powder with the rubber-like flexible binder in order to manufacture a granulate and process same on an extruder or calender, and finally it is necessary to magnetize the molded product in the form of profiles, strips, or sheets by means of a condenser discharge device.
- the rubber-like flexible permanent magnet is composed of 58.43 percent by vol of permanent magnet material i.e., 86.47 percent in weight, 38.06 percent by vol. of binder, i.e., l0.83 percent in weight, and 3.51 percent by vol. of aluminum powder, i.e., 2.7 percent in weight.
- a light colored, rubber-like flexible permanent magnet comprised of a mixture of a rubber-like flexible binder, a permanent magnet material of high coercivity, as e.g., barium-, strontium-, or lead ferrite powder, and a material capable of giving the magnet a light color said permanent magnet material consisting essentially of relatively coarse grains having a grain size of 0.06 0.35 mm, the grain size mainly ranging from 0.1 0.3 mm, and the proportion of fine and finest permanent magnet powder particles, with respect to the grain size, being removed.
- the permanent magnet according to claim 1 wherein the total volume of powdered permanent magnet material is composed of a proportion of less than 5 percent by volume of grains having a grain size of 0.1 mm and less, 30-50 percent by volume of grains having a grain size of 0.1 0.2 mm, 30-50 percent by vol. of grains having a grain size of 0.2 0.3 mm, and 5-10 percent by vol. of grains having a grain size of 0.3 0.35 mm.
- the permanent magnet according to claim 1 wherein the light colored material comprises 2-15 percent by vol. of finely divided metal powder, as e.g., aluminum powder.
- the permanent magnet according to claim 2 wherein the light colored material comprises 2-l 5 percent by vol. of finely divided metal powder, as e.g., aluminum powder.
- a colored coating as e.g., of nickel, cadmium, copper
- line 11 delete "being removed” and add--being minimized to a negligibly small amount.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/726,154 USRE29451E (en) | 1974-03-07 | 1976-09-24 | Light colored magnetic rubber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19742410902 DE2410902B2 (de) | 1974-03-07 | 1974-03-07 | Farbiger, gummiartig flexibler dauermagnet und verfahren zum herstellen eines farbigen dauermagnetwerkstoffs |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/726,154 Reissue USRE29451E (en) | 1974-03-07 | 1976-09-24 | Light colored magnetic rubber |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3873954A true US3873954A (en) | 1975-03-25 |
Family
ID=5909372
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US494631A Expired - Lifetime US3873954A (en) | 1974-03-07 | 1974-08-05 | Light colored magnetic rubber |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3873954A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA1029799A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE2410902B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2263589A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1451185A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4004379A (en) * | 1975-04-14 | 1977-01-25 | Gerald Castagna | Scratch preventer |
| US4321222A (en) * | 1978-05-26 | 1982-03-23 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Method of manufacturing plastic-bonded anisotropic permanent magnets |
| US4749218A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1988-06-07 | Jordan Richard L | Magnetic safety chain holder |
| EP1164600A3 (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2002-06-12 | Anchor Magnets Limited | Flexible magnetic strip |
| CN104134506A (zh) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-11-05 | 东莞市美厚塑磁有限公司 | 一种耐油耐温粘结永磁铁氧体材料及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2743972C2 (de) * | 1977-09-30 | 1986-09-25 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kunststoffgebundenen Magnetkörpern |
| US4254139A (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1981-03-03 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Laundry conditioner dispensing article |
| DE3376911D1 (en) * | 1982-12-14 | 1988-07-07 | Shinetsu Chemical Co | Plastic magnets impregnated with a dye-coated metallic magnet powder |
| DE3905041A1 (de) * | 1989-02-18 | 1990-08-23 | Stemme Otto | Befestigungsanordnung |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3124725A (en) * | 1964-03-10 | Flexible plastic permanent magnets | ||
| US3191106A (en) * | 1959-12-24 | 1965-06-22 | Baermann Max | Rubber-like permanent magnet article and manufacture of same |
| US3406363A (en) * | 1966-05-26 | 1968-10-15 | Clarence R. Tate | Multicolored micromagnets |
-
1974
- 1974-03-07 DE DE19742410902 patent/DE2410902B2/de active Granted
- 1974-08-05 US US494631A patent/US3873954A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1974-08-14 CA CA206,972A patent/CA1029799A/en not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-02-28 FR FR7506345A patent/FR2263589A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1975-03-06 GB GB937175A patent/GB1451185A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3124725A (en) * | 1964-03-10 | Flexible plastic permanent magnets | ||
| US3191106A (en) * | 1959-12-24 | 1965-06-22 | Baermann Max | Rubber-like permanent magnet article and manufacture of same |
| US3406363A (en) * | 1966-05-26 | 1968-10-15 | Clarence R. Tate | Multicolored micromagnets |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4004379A (en) * | 1975-04-14 | 1977-01-25 | Gerald Castagna | Scratch preventer |
| US4321222A (en) * | 1978-05-26 | 1982-03-23 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Method of manufacturing plastic-bonded anisotropic permanent magnets |
| US4749218A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1988-06-07 | Jordan Richard L | Magnetic safety chain holder |
| EP1164600A3 (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2002-06-12 | Anchor Magnets Limited | Flexible magnetic strip |
| CN104134506A (zh) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-11-05 | 东莞市美厚塑磁有限公司 | 一种耐油耐温粘结永磁铁氧体材料及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2410902C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1978-11-09 |
| GB1451185A (en) | 1976-09-29 |
| FR2263589A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-10-03 |
| DE2410902B2 (de) | 1978-01-19 |
| CA1029799A (en) | 1978-04-18 |
| DE2410902A1 (de) | 1975-09-11 |
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