US3866883A - Apparatus for parting adhering bodies - Google Patents

Apparatus for parting adhering bodies Download PDF

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Publication number
US3866883A
US3866883A US423826A US42382673A US3866883A US 3866883 A US3866883 A US 3866883A US 423826 A US423826 A US 423826A US 42382673 A US42382673 A US 42382673A US 3866883 A US3866883 A US 3866883A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bodies
holder
jaw
jaws
counterholding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US423826A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rolf Erik Goransson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Internationella Siporex AB
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Internationella Siporex AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3866883A publication Critical patent/US3866883A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/02—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member
    • F15B15/06—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member for mechanically converting rectilinear movement into non- rectilinear movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G57/00—Stacking of articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G59/00—De-stacking of articles
    • B65G59/10—De-stacking nested articles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53683—Spreading parts apart or separating them from face to face engagement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53796—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator
    • Y10T29/5383—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator having fluid operator

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [30] Foreign A fi ti priority Data An apparatus for parting adhering bodies in which two 21 1972 Sweden 5833/72 jaws, operative to frictionally engage each one body,
  • This invention relates to an apparatus for forcing apart a pair of bodies which adhere to each other with substantially planar surfaces and both of which have two opposite and free side surfaces located in a pair of parallel planes which are substantially normal to the adhering body surfaces.
  • Such an apparatus is particularly useful in the production of slabs or blocks of cellular lightweight concrete, where it frequently happens that the products adhere more or less firmly to one another after having been steam-hardened in a close relationship.
  • an apparatus for forcing apart a pair of bodies which adhere to each other with substantially planar surfaces and both of which have two opposite and free side surfaces located in a pair of planes which, at least approximately, are parallel and at right angles to the adhering body surfaces said apparatus comprising first jaw means operative to frictionally engage one side surface of one of the two bodies,'second jaw means operative to frictionally engage the corresponding side surface of the other body, counterholding means operative to engage the opposite side surface of the two bodies, holder means connected to said first and second jaw means and common to them, actuator means for varying the distance between said holder means and said counterholding means and operatable to forcibly reduce the distance between said holder means and the bodies, and means movably connecting said holder means to each of said first and second jaw means in a manner to bring about forced spreading of said jaw means after their engagement with the two bodies, when the distance between said holder means and the bodies is reduced.
  • FIG. I is a slightly diagrammatic elevation of an apparatus for forcing apart mutually adhering slabs of cellular lightweight concrete and illustrating a first step of operation thereof
  • FIG. 2 is an elevation similar to that shown in FIG. 1 but illustrating a second step of operation thereof
  • FIG. 3 is again a similar elevation showing the various parts of the apparatus in inoperative positions after the accomplishment of a full operation cycle.
  • numerals 1, 2 and 3 designate three parallelepipedic slabs of steam-hardened cellular lightweight concrete forming a regular pile on a lifting table 4.
  • the uppermost slab 1 has its planar bottom surface 1b adhering to the top surface 20 of the intermediate slab 2, and the latter has its planar bottom surface 2b adhering to the top surface 3a of the lowermost slab 3.
  • the slab 1 has opposite side surfaces 10 and 1d, and the slabs 2 and 3 have corresponding opposite side surfaces 20, 2d and 3c, 3d, respectively. These opposite side surfaces of all the slabs are free and exposed and located in a pair of parallel planes, which are perpendicular to the adhering surfaces lb, 2a and 2b, 3a.
  • the apparatus comprises an actuator represented by a hydraulic cylinder 5 having its one end hinged to an upright support 6 by means of a pivot pin 7. From the opposite end of the cylinder 5 projects a piston rod 8, to the outer end of which a holder 9 is secured.
  • Two diverging link-like arms 10 and 11 are hingedly connected to the holder 9 by means of a common pivot pin 12.
  • a first jaw 13 is by means of a pivot pin 14 hingedly connected to the free end of the arm 10, and in a similar manner a second jaw 15 is by means of a pivot pin 16 hingedly connected to the free end of the arm 11. It is to be noted that all the pivot pins 7, l2, l4 and 16 are parallel and horizontal. The horizontal positions of the pins depends, of course, on the horizontal extent of the adhering slab surfaces.
  • the apparatus comprises a counterholder arrangement, which may take many different forms but in the example chosen for illustration comprises a rigid upright support 21 having two toggle-joint devices 22 and 23, one for each of two jaws 24 and 25, mounted thereon.
  • the jaws 24 and 25 are simliar to the jaws 13 and 15, but they have their covered surfaces turned in the opposite direction.
  • the two toggle-joint devices 22 and 23 are supported by brackets 26 and 27, respectively, projecting laterally from the support 21, and each toggle-joint device consists of two link members hingedly connected to each other and to an actuating member 28, which is common to both toggle-joint devices.
  • an actuator 29 the member 28 may be vertically moved to Shift the two toggle-joint devices between an operative position, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and an inoperative position, shown in FIG. 3.
  • the left-hand counterholder unit here shown and described is a more or less passive part of the apparatus, while the right-hand part of the apparatus is the active one. However, it does not need to be so, because the-counterholder unit to the left may be replaced, if so desired, by a reversed counterpart of the right-hand part of the apparatus, so that the apparatus becomes more or less symmetrical, provided, of course, that the two active parts are then operated synchronously.
  • the left-hand jaws 24 and are not supposed to move the pile of slabs by pushing but only to brace it so that it will not yield during the accomplishment of the body-parting operation now to take place, and that the counterholder unit has here been made adjustable as shown and described for convenience and because the apparatus chosen for illustration is designed to handle a vertical pile of slabs, the position of which can only be vertically adjusted.
  • the body-parting operation proper is accomplished by supplying pressure fluid to the actuator 5 in a manner to let the piston and piston rod 8 thereof push the holder 9 towards the left from its most retracted position as in FIG. 3.
  • This will first cause the two righthand jaws l3 and 15 to firmly engage their respective body surfaces 1d and 2d as illustrated in FIG. 1, while they are still at a minimum distance from each other.
  • the arms 10 and 11 will instead start pushing said jaws away from each other as shown in FIG. 2, thus breaking apart the two bodies.
  • the slab 2 is in the present case immovable. Only the upper right-hand jaw 13 will be able to move and, accordingly, the holder 9 will be slightly elevated while lifting the cylinder 5 from the bracket 19 as illustrated.
  • the holder 9 With its jaws l3 and 15 is again retracted by a reverse stroke of the actuator piston in cylinder 5, andthe counterholder jaws 24 and 25 are moved to their inoperative positions as in FIG. 3 to free the piled slabs.
  • the detached upper slab 1 may be removed, if desired, but there is nothing to pre' vent it from remaining freely rested on top of the pile.
  • the lifting table 4 is vertically adjusted to place the next pair of slabs 2 and 3 in position for the next operating cycle of the apparatus, which will be identical to the one already described.
  • the various body-engaging jaws of the apparatus may have any desired length, as seen in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, and, if they are long, multiple toggle-joint mechanisms on the counterholder side and multiple holders and actuators on the opposite side may be used to operate them.
  • the operation of the apparatus is primarily based on the action of the diverging arms 10 and 11, which is somewhat similar to that of the links in a toggle-joint mechanism. It should also be understood that this action results from a certain distribution of applied forces in a geometrical system rather than in the detailed configuration of the various members forming that system. Accordingly, there are many ways to modify the connection between the two jaws l3 and 15 and the holder 9 without deviating from the inventive idea.
  • the two arms 10 and 11 may be replaced by a single elliptic spring having its ends connected to the jaws and its centre hingedly connected to the holder.
  • more complex systems of combined links or springs may be resorted to in order to more exactly direct the jaws and guide them during operation.
  • the jaws may be shaped to conform to possible grooves v in or ridges on the exposed side surfaces of the slabs.
  • An apparatus for forcing apart a pair of bodies which adhere to each other with substantially planar surfaces and both of which have two opposite and free side surfaces located in a pair of planes which, at least approximately, are parallel and at right angles to the adhering body surfaces said apparatus comprising first jaw means operative to frictionally engage one side surface of one of the two bodies, second jaw means operative to frictionally engage the corresponding side surface of the other body, counterholding means operative to engage the opposite side surface of the two bodies, holder means connected to said first and second jaw means and common to them, actuator means for varying the distance between said holder means and said counterholding means and operatable to forcibly reduce the distance between said holder means and the bodies, and means movably connecting said holder means to each of said first and second jaw means in a manner to bring about forced spreading of said jaw means after their engagement with the two bodies, when the distance between said holder means and the bodies is reduced.
  • connecting means comprise at least one pair of arms diverging from said holder means towards their respective jaw means and yieldable to increase the angle between them to thereby increase the mutual distance between said first and second jaw means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
US423826A 1972-12-21 1973-12-11 Apparatus for parting adhering bodies Expired - Lifetime US3866883A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE16833/72A SE369160B (hu) 1972-12-21 1972-12-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3866883A true US3866883A (en) 1975-02-18

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ID=20302842

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US423826A Expired - Lifetime US3866883A (en) 1972-12-21 1973-12-11 Apparatus for parting adhering bodies

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US3866883A (hu)
JP (1) JPS5226523B2 (hu)
AT (1) AT326549B (hu)
BE (1) BE808759A (hu)
CA (1) CA983467A (hu)
CH (1) CH577371A5 (hu)
CS (1) CS173646B2 (hu)
DE (1) DE2363292A1 (hu)
FR (1) FR2211872A5 (hu)
GB (1) GB1408686A (hu)
HU (1) HU167002B (hu)
IT (1) IT1001277B (hu)
NL (1) NL7316619A (hu)
SE (1) SE369160B (hu)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4010881A (en) * 1974-08-14 1977-03-08 Mayfran Incorporated Apparatus for the treatment of chips
US4441844A (en) * 1982-04-12 1984-04-10 Miller Curtis D Portable panel separation device
US4516900A (en) * 1982-08-12 1985-05-14 The British Matthews Limited De-palletizer
US4847969A (en) * 1988-01-19 1989-07-18 The Mead Corporation Roll splitter
US5590452A (en) * 1993-07-10 1997-01-07 Mead Machinery Limited Joint separation apparatus
EP0960708A2 (de) * 1998-05-28 1999-12-01 Händle Gmbh Dachziegelpresse
US6199255B1 (en) * 1999-10-06 2001-03-13 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd Apparatus for disassembling an injector head
US20050169740A1 (en) * 2004-01-13 2005-08-04 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Method and device for transferring packets
EP2022613A3 (de) * 2007-07-25 2009-03-25 Xella Baustoffe GmbH Stossvorrichtung in einer Porenbetonschneidanlage
US20130105538A1 (en) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-02 Memc Electronic Materials, Inc. Methods for cleaving a bonded wafer structure
CN108672467A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2018-10-19 山东恒祥机械有限公司 建筑垃圾应用合成板拆分筛选装置
CN109305567A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2019-02-05 合肥市商巨智能装备有限公司 托盘分离装置
US10377118B2 (en) * 2016-12-05 2019-08-13 The Boeing Company Preparing laminate materials for testing
US20200180878A1 (en) * 2018-12-07 2020-06-11 Fanuc Corporation Hand, robot system, and workpiece extraction method
CN112356306A (zh) * 2020-11-02 2021-02-12 广东博智林机器人有限公司 一种板材掰分装置及蒸压加气混凝土板材加工设备
CN114261750A (zh) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-01 上海世禹精密机械有限公司 一种上料取片设备
CN114455335A (zh) * 2021-08-27 2022-05-10 西门子工业自动化产品(成都)有限公司 叠放箱体的分离装置和方法

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE399004B (sv) * 1976-04-06 1978-01-30 Siporex Int Ab Sett att tillverka angherdade porbetongprodukter
DK142780A (da) * 1980-04-02 1981-10-03 H Juul Fremgangsmaade og apparat til stabling af sten
NL8701191A (nl) * 1987-05-18 1988-12-16 Pallmac Belgium N V Scheidingsinrichting voor vlakke elementen.
DE4403228C1 (de) * 1994-02-03 1995-05-11 Hebel Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum reihenweisen Auseinanderrücken von quaderförmigen, plastischen Porenbetonkörpern
DE19700911A1 (de) * 1997-01-14 1998-07-16 Mansfeld Maschinen Und Anlagen Anordnung zur Depalettierung und Palettierung
DE19733537C2 (de) * 1997-08-02 1999-08-19 Basic Steuerbare Haltevorrichtung von Kisten in Stapelanlagen
DE10019726C2 (de) * 2000-04-20 2002-08-29 Dorstener Maschf Ag Verfahren und Trennvorrichtung zum Trennen einzelner Porenbetonkörper eines entlang von Trennflächen geschnittenen Porenbetonkuchens
DE10066303B4 (de) * 2000-12-19 2006-12-14 Xella Technologie- Und Forschungsgesellschaft Mbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Trennen von aneinander anhaftenden Lagen eines Porenbetonblocks

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3428192A (en) * 1967-09-12 1969-02-18 New Holland Concrete Products Block bottom dispenser
US3635440A (en) * 1970-07-20 1972-01-18 Brammall Inc Force-exerting apparatus
US3662990A (en) * 1970-12-21 1972-05-16 Export Leaf Tobacco Co Mechanical break horse
US3662994A (en) * 1970-08-12 1972-05-16 Melvin Johns Push-pull jack apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3428192A (en) * 1967-09-12 1969-02-18 New Holland Concrete Products Block bottom dispenser
US3635440A (en) * 1970-07-20 1972-01-18 Brammall Inc Force-exerting apparatus
US3662994A (en) * 1970-08-12 1972-05-16 Melvin Johns Push-pull jack apparatus
US3662990A (en) * 1970-12-21 1972-05-16 Export Leaf Tobacco Co Mechanical break horse

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4010881A (en) * 1974-08-14 1977-03-08 Mayfran Incorporated Apparatus for the treatment of chips
US4441844A (en) * 1982-04-12 1984-04-10 Miller Curtis D Portable panel separation device
US4516900A (en) * 1982-08-12 1985-05-14 The British Matthews Limited De-palletizer
US4847969A (en) * 1988-01-19 1989-07-18 The Mead Corporation Roll splitter
US5590452A (en) * 1993-07-10 1997-01-07 Mead Machinery Limited Joint separation apparatus
EP0960708A2 (de) * 1998-05-28 1999-12-01 Händle Gmbh Dachziegelpresse
EP0960708A3 (de) * 1998-05-28 2001-10-31 Händle Gmbh Dachziegelpresse
US6199255B1 (en) * 1999-10-06 2001-03-13 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd Apparatus for disassembling an injector head
US20050169740A1 (en) * 2004-01-13 2005-08-04 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Method and device for transferring packets
US7452179B2 (en) * 2004-01-13 2008-11-18 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Method and device for transferring and separating a stream of stacked packets
EP2022613A3 (de) * 2007-07-25 2009-03-25 Xella Baustoffe GmbH Stossvorrichtung in einer Porenbetonschneidanlage
US20130105538A1 (en) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-02 Memc Electronic Materials, Inc. Methods for cleaving a bonded wafer structure
US9159596B2 (en) 2011-10-31 2015-10-13 Sunedison Semiconductor Limited Clamping apparatus for cleaving a bonded wafer structure
US9165802B2 (en) * 2011-10-31 2015-10-20 Sunedison Semiconductor Limited (Uen201334164H) Methods for cleaving a bonded wafer structure
US9925755B2 (en) 2011-10-31 2018-03-27 Sunedison Semiconductor Limited (Uen201334164H) Clamping apparatus for cleaving a bonded wafer structure and methods for cleaving
US10377118B2 (en) * 2016-12-05 2019-08-13 The Boeing Company Preparing laminate materials for testing
CN108672467A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2018-10-19 山东恒祥机械有限公司 建筑垃圾应用合成板拆分筛选装置
CN109305567A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2019-02-05 合肥市商巨智能装备有限公司 托盘分离装置
US20200180878A1 (en) * 2018-12-07 2020-06-11 Fanuc Corporation Hand, robot system, and workpiece extraction method
US11053088B2 (en) * 2018-12-07 2021-07-06 Fanuc Corporation Hand, robot system, and workpiece extraction method
CN112356306A (zh) * 2020-11-02 2021-02-12 广东博智林机器人有限公司 一种板材掰分装置及蒸压加气混凝土板材加工设备
CN114455335A (zh) * 2021-08-27 2022-05-10 西门子工业自动化产品(成都)有限公司 叠放箱体的分离装置和方法
CN114261750A (zh) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-01 上海世禹精密机械有限公司 一种上料取片设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7316619A (hu) 1974-06-25
ATA1035073A (de) 1975-02-15
IT1001277B (it) 1976-04-20
JPS4990316A (hu) 1974-08-29
CH577371A5 (hu) 1976-07-15
FR2211872A5 (hu) 1974-07-19
SE369160B (hu) 1974-08-12
BE808759A (fr) 1974-04-16
JPS5226523B2 (hu) 1977-07-14
CA983467A (en) 1976-02-10
CS173646B2 (hu) 1977-02-28
AT326549B (de) 1975-12-10
GB1408686A (en) 1975-10-01
DE2363292A1 (de) 1974-06-27
HU167002B (hu) 1975-07-28

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