US3859734A - Methods and plants for drying material in liquid solid, suspended or granulated form, e.g. blood-plasma, digested sludge, forage, fish, cereals, etc. - Google Patents

Methods and plants for drying material in liquid solid, suspended or granulated form, e.g. blood-plasma, digested sludge, forage, fish, cereals, etc. Download PDF

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US3859734A
US3859734A US434008A US43400874A US3859734A US 3859734 A US3859734 A US 3859734A US 434008 A US434008 A US 434008A US 43400874 A US43400874 A US 43400874A US 3859734 A US3859734 A US 3859734A
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drying
tank
plant
medium
zone
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Lars Osten Wahlgren
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Sintab Swedinventor AB
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Sintab Swedinventor AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/18—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact
    • F26B3/20—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact the heat source being a heated surface, e.g. a moving belt or conveyor
    • F26B3/205—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact the heat source being a heated surface, e.g. a moving belt or conveyor the materials to be dried covering or being mixed with heated inert particles which may be recycled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/128—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft with provisions for working under reduced or increased pressure, with or without heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/18—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F26B5/041—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum for drying flowable materials, e.g. suspensions, bulk goods, in a continuous operation, e.g. with locks or other air tight arrangements for charging/discharging

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method of drying material in liquid, solid, sus pended or granulated form, e.g. blood-plasma, di gested sludge, forage, fish, cereals, etc., wherein the material is fed batchwise, together with a large number of heated water-filled balls, into a drying tank which is set under subatmospheric pressure.
  • a plant for performing the method comprises an upright drying tank including a closable inlet and outlet for simultaneously feeding and discharging, respectively, the material and the balls.
  • a vacuum-pump connected to the drying tank sets said tank under subatmospheric pressure.
  • a mixing tank and a separating tank are connected to said drying tank at the inlet and outlet thereof for mixing the material and balls before the materials and balls are fed into the drying tank and separated, after drying and discharge from the drying tank.
  • An upright water heat exchanger is connected to the mixing and separating tanks for conveying said balls from the separating tank to the mixing tank dur ing simultaneous heating of the balls.
  • This invention relates to a method of drying material in liquid, solid, suspended or granulated form, e.g. blood-plasma, digested sludge, forage, fish, cereals, etc., according to which the material is fed into a drying tank being set under subatmospheric pressure, and is dried with a drying medium which has a temperature higher than that of the material and therefore yields its heat to the material in order to boil away the moisture of the material at the subatmospheric pressure, whereby to expel this moisture from the material without injuriously raising its temperature, whereupon the moisture is condensed and removed from the drying tank and the material is discharged from the drying tank.
  • a drying medium which has a temperature higher than that of the material and therefore yields its heat to the material in order to boil away the moisture of the material at the subatmospheric pressure, whereby to expel this moisture from the material without injuriously raising its temperature, whereupon the moisture is condensed and removed from the drying tank and the material is discharged from
  • the drying material is fed separately into the drying tank where it falls down and fills out the spaces between tubes arranged in the tank for circulating the drying medium.
  • these tubes In order to avoid, for instance, bridge formation in the tank, these tubes must be spaced at intervals such that the total heat emitting surface of the tubes will be quite small relative to the quantity of material contained in the tank, whereby the drying process to secure homogeneous drying of the material will take a relatively long time.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a method whereby to obtain a substantial reduction of the time required for homogeneously drying the material and, consequently, a considerable increase of the efficiency of the drying process, by producing a larger heatemitting surface than heretofore possible and without raising the temperature of the drying medium above what has so far been common practice.
  • This object of the invention is achieved by forming the drying medium of a large number of separate heating elements of high specific heat, feeding said elements into the drying tank simultaneously with the material, mixing said elements with said material, discharging said elements simultaneously with the material from the drying tank after drying of the material, and separating said elements from said material for using said elements for another drying cycle after reheating.
  • the invention also relates to a plant for carrying out this method, comprising a drying tank having a closable inlet and outlet for the material, a device for setting the drying tank under subatmospheric pressure, a circuit passing the drying tank, said circuit including a drying medium which has a temperature higher than that of the material and therefore is caused to yield its heat thereto in order to boil away the moisture of the material at the subatmospheric pressure, whereby to expel this moisture from the material without injuriously raising its temperature, and a device for condensing and leading off the expelledmoisture, said drying medium being formed of a large number of separate heating elements of high specific heat, said elements being adapted to be fed into the drying tank together with the material and being adapted to be mixed therewith and to be discharged from the drying tank simultaneously therewith after drying of the material, and to be separated therefrom for being used for another drying cycle after reheating.
  • FIG. I is a schematic side view of a preferred enibodiment of the plant according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 2-5 are longitudinal sectional views showing in different stages the function of the plant according to FIG. I, in which the major part of the ancillary equipment has been removed for greater clarity, and
  • FIG. 6 is a partially split view showing one of the various heating elements included in the plant.
  • the plant according to the invention comprises the following principal units: a drying tank 1, a primary tank 2, a secondary tank 3, an evacuating device 4, a heat exchanger 5, a heating device 6 and a cooling device 7.
  • These principal units are equipped with various means, such as pipelines, valves, pumps, etc., which will be described as they come up in connection with their respective principal units.
  • the drying cylinder is in the form of an upright circular plate cylinder 8 having a conical bottom part 9.
  • the tank 1 is supported by means of supports 10 on an intermediate framing ofjoists 11 in a building not shown which, in addition to the intermediate framing ofjoists 11, has a lower framing ofjoists 1.2 and an upper framing ofjoists 13.
  • the tank 1 is closed by means of a cover 14 and it comprises, on one hand, an inlet 15 which is connected, via a rubber sleeve type cutoff valve 16, to the outlet 17 of the primary tank 2 and, on the other hand, an outlet 18 which is connected, via a rubber sleeve type cut-off valve 119, to the inlet 20 of the secondary tank 3.
  • the primary tank 2 is in the form of an upright circular plate cylinder 21 having a conical bottom part 22 and a substantially flat cover 23. At the top said primary tank 2 has an inlet 24 for the material 25 to be dried, said inlet being connected, via a rubber sleeve type cut-off valve 26 and a pipe 27, to a magazine, not shown, for storing the material 25 which it is not yet dried. By means of supporting beams 28 the primary tank 2 is mounted and supported on the drying tank 1 at the cover 14 thereof.
  • the secondary tank 3 is, like the drying tank 1 and the primary tank 2, in the form of an upright circular plate cylinder 29 having a conical bottom part 30 and a substantially flat cover 31.
  • the secondary tank 3 includes in its bottom part 30 an outlet 32 for finally dried material 25 which is connected, via a rubber sleeve type cut-off valve 33 and a pipe 34, to a magazine, not shown, for storing the finally dried material.
  • supports, not SI'IOWIIl the secondary tank 3 is supported on the lower framing of joists 12.
  • the drying tank 1, the primary tank 2 and the secondary tank 3 are vertically superposed with their inlets and outlets l5, l8, 17, 24, 20, 32, valves l6, 19, 26, 33 and pipes 27, 34 aligned with each other.
  • the evacuating device 4 comprises a vacuum pump 36 driven by means of a motor 35, said pump having its outlet 37 connected to the atmosphere via a conduit 38 and having its inlet 39 connected to the primary tank 2, the drying tank 1 and the secondary tank 3, respectively, via a main conduit 40 with two branches 41, 42 in order to evacuate and keep evacuated said tanks at predetermined moments of the drying process to be described later on.
  • a vacuum pump 36 driven by means of a motor 35, said pump having its outlet 37 connected to the atmosphere via a conduit 38 and having its inlet 39 connected to the primary tank 2, the drying tank 1 and the secondary tank 3, respectively, via a main conduit 40 with two branches 41, 42 in order to evacuate and keep evacuated said tanks at predetermined moments of the drying process to be described later on.
  • these tanks are provided with rubber sleeve type cut-off valves 46, 47 connected to the atmosphere in a suitable way.
  • the heat exchanger 5 is in the form of an upright circular plate column 48 and is generally of the same height as the total height of the primary tank, drying tank and the secondary tank 2, l and 3, respectively. By means of supports 49 the heat exchanger is supported on the same framing of joists 11 as the drying tank 1.
  • a pump 51 Connected to the inlet 50 of the heat exchanger 5 is a pump 51 which, in turn, is connected, via a pipe 52 and a rubber sleeve type cut-off valve 53, to a further outlet 54 from the secondary tank 3.
  • the pump 51 is adapted to convey heating elements 55, to be described in detail later on, through the heat exchanger and is of the type known under the term vortex pump.
  • This pump type has the advantage that its impellers do not touch the elements 55 but these elements are conveyed under the action of the whirl of water caused by the impellers.
  • the heat exchanger 5 has a slightly conical container 56 which surrounds the heat exchanger and is adapted to receive the heating elements 55 conveyed upwardly through the heat exchanger and to transmit said elements at predetermined moments of the drying process to the primary tank 2 via a pipe 57 and a rubber sleeve type cut-off valve 58.
  • the heating elements 55 are heated in the heat exchanger 5 while being conveyed upwardly through said exchanger by means of water which, in turn, is heated in the heating device 6.
  • the hot water arrives at the upper part of the heat exchanger 5 via a supply conduit 59 in order to flow counter-currently with respect to the direction of transport of the heating elements 55 through the heat exchanger and to yield thereby its heat to said elements.
  • the cooled water is led away from the heat exchanger to the heating device 6 via a conduit 60 which is connected to the heat exchanger at the lower part thereof, an intermediate container 61 and a conduit 62.
  • a feed pump 63 for circulating the water is incorporated in the supply conduit 59.
  • the cooling device 7 is adapted to feed cold water via a pipeline 64 to nozzles 65 which are placed in a separate vessel 66 in the upper part of the drying tank 1.
  • the object of the cold water leaving the nozzles 65 is to condense, in a manner to be described later on, moisture expelled from the drying material during the treatment in the drying tank.
  • the mixture consisting of the condensate and the cooling water is discharged from the vessel 66 via a discharge conduit 67 which is connected to a container 68. From this container the excess of mixture is directly passed to an outlet 69 while the remainder of this mixture is passed back to the cooling device 7 via a pipeline 70.
  • a feed pump 71 for circulating the cooling water is incorporated in the pipeline 70.
  • the heating elements 55 consist of balls having a thin circumferential wall 72 of plastic material, e.g. polypropylene. These balls are filled with water to receive the highest possible degree of specific heat which, in the abovementioned combination of plastic circumferential wall and water, amounts to about 0.9 cal/g C.
  • the balls 55 has a diameter of about 40 mm and in the plant shown they amount to a number of about 300,000. 1,000 well filled balls have a weight of about 27 kg. At a temperature of 10 C these balls accumulate 27-l0-0.9 243 kcal.
  • FIGS. 2-5 show different successive stages of function.
  • drying material and heated heating elements 55 have entered each into one part of the primary tank 2 via the pipe 27 and the pipe 57 respectively.
  • the drying material 25 contained in the primary container 2 and heating elements 55 are fed to the drying tank 1 via the outlet 17, the open valve 16 and the inlet 15 and finally dried material and heating elements are discharged from the drying tank 1 to the secondary tank 3 via the outlet 18, the open valve 19 and the inlet 20.
  • the drying tank is of a volume about three times each of the primary and secondary tanks.
  • the heating elements should lie in contact with each other.
  • the quantity of elements should therefore be kept constant while the quantity of drying material may be varied from a value corresponding to the volume of the free space between the elements when these are in contact with each other, and downwards within reasonable limits.
  • valves 16, 19 between the tanks and the valves 43, 45 of the vacuum pump are closed, while the valve 44 of this pump still is kept open and the valves 46, 47, which belong to the primary and secondary tanks 2, 3 and communicate with the atmosphere, are opened for pressure equalization in the primary and secondary tanks.
  • drying material 25 and heated elements 55 are fed, as already mentioned, into the primary tank via separate inlets from the magazine of material (not shown) and the conical container 56, respectively, on the upper part of the heat exchanger 5.
  • atmospheric pressure prevails in the tank.
  • the dried material 25 is separated from the elements 55 in the secondary tank 3 by means of a vibrating screen 73 incorporated in this tank, while the dried material departs, via the open valve 33 and the pipe 34, to the magazine (not shown) for finally dried material 25, and the heating elements 55 are conveyed to the pump 51, via the outlet 54, the open valve 53 and the pipe 52, in order to be conveyed, during heating by means of the water from the heating device 6, upwardly through the heat exchanger 5 and to successively attain the conical container 56. From this container the above elements are conveyed successively, as mentioned, further to the primary tank to be used for another drying cycle.
  • the drying tank 1 is evacuated, as mentioned, to attain a pressure of about mm Hg and the drying of material therein takes place in the following way. Due to the low pressure prevailing in the drying tank and due to the fact that the elements transmit their heat to the material, the moisture therein begins boiling, while the expelled moisture arises through the material and enters the vessel 66 located at the upper part of the drying tank. Since cold water passes out through the nozzles 66 placed in this vessel and this water hits the moisture coming from the material, this moisture is condensed and passes together with the cooling water down to the bottom of the vessel from which the mixture consisting of condensate and cooling water is removed via the outlet conduit 67 for discharge and recirculation.
  • the invention must not be considered confined to the embodiment described in the foregoing and shown in the drawings because it may be modified in various manners.
  • the essential point of the invention is that as a drying medium for drying the material there is used a large number of separate heating elements which can be readily mixed with the drying material and contain the required heat for carrying out the drying process and have a large total heat-emitting surface so that the efficiency of the plant, and consequently its capacity, is substantially higher than in prior art plants for drying material of said type.
  • gested sludge, forage, fish, cereals. and the like including the steps of feeding the material into a drying zone maintained under subatmospheric pressure, introducing into the zone a drying medium including a large number of separate elements of high specific heat at a temperature higher than that of the material, mixing said medium and said material to permit the drying medium to yield its heat to the material in order to boil away the the moisture of the material at the subatmospheric pressure to expel moisture from the material without injuriously raising its temperature, condensing the moisture and removing the condensed moisture from the drying zone and discharging simultaneously the drying medium and the material from the drying zone and separating said medium from said material.
  • drying medium elements are brought into contact with each other in the drying zone and the interspaces between the elements are completely or partly filled with the material.
  • drying medium and the material after drying of the material, are discharged from the drying zone and conveyed to a secondary area maintained under the same pressure as the drying zone until the discharge and conveying is completed and is then reduced to atmospheric pressure for separating of said medium and said material.
  • drying medium after being separated from the material in the secondary area is pumped through a heated heat exchanger and the heated medium is then conveyed to the drying zone for reuse.
  • a plant for drying material in liquid. solid, suspended, or granulated form such as blood-plasma, digested sludge, forage, fish, cereals and the like, said plant comprising a drying tank having a closeable material inlet and a closeable material outlet means for maintaining the drying tank under subatmospheric pressure, means connected to said tank for feeding a drying medium and material to be dried into said drying zone said drying medium having a temperature means for condensing and leading off the expelled moisture, said drying medium including a large number of separate heating elements of high specific heat.
  • heating elements are each a volume element in the form of a ball, an ellipsoid and the like.
  • heating elements each have a closed circumferential wall and the space inside said circumferential wall is completely or partly filled with a solid or liquid substance.
  • the secondary tank includes an outlet for material which is connected via a cut-off valve to a magazine for dried material, and a heating element outlet which is connected via a cut-off valve and a pump to the inlet on a heat exchanger for heating the elements.
  • a plant as claimed in claim 7 wherein the device for maintaining the drying tank under subatmospheric pressure includes a vacuum pump which is also connected to the primary tank and the secondary tank.
  • a plant as claimed in claim 18 wherein the cut-off valves are of rubber-sleeve type.
  • a plant as claimed in claim 7 wherein the means for condensing and leading off the moisture expelled from the material includes a vessel positioned in the upper part of the drying tank and into which nozzles open for injection of cooling water into the vessel for cooling down and condensing the moisture, and an outlet for leading off the condensate and the cooling water.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
US434008A 1973-01-18 1974-01-17 Methods and plants for drying material in liquid solid, suspended or granulated form, e.g. blood-plasma, digested sludge, forage, fish, cereals, etc. Expired - Lifetime US3859734A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7300680A SE374811B (fr) 1973-01-18 1973-01-18

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US3859734A true US3859734A (en) 1975-01-14

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US (1) US3859734A (fr)
JP (1) JPS49103252A (fr)
AT (2) AT356007B (fr)
BE (1) BE809865A (fr)
CA (1) CA1017938A (fr)
CH (1) CH569245A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE2402362C3 (fr)
ES (1) ES422226A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI57484C (fr)
FR (1) FR2214498B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1448762A (fr)
IT (1) IT1006953B (fr)
NL (1) NL176205C (fr)
NO (1) NO134131C (fr)
SE (1) SE374811B (fr)
SU (1) SU953995A3 (fr)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4347670A (en) * 1980-11-28 1982-09-07 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Apparatus and process for drying granular products
WO1987005991A1 (fr) * 1986-04-02 1987-10-08 Niels Peter Agdal Procede de sechage continu sous vide grossier d'un liquide et appareil de sechage utilise dans ledit procede
EP0556664A1 (fr) * 1992-02-13 1993-08-25 YMOS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Industrieprodukte Procédé et dispositif de chauffage d'un moule
WO1998009920A1 (fr) * 1996-09-03 1998-03-12 Dhv Milieu En Infrastructuur B.V. Procede et dispositif pour deshydrater des boues en continu
WO1999007236A1 (fr) * 1997-08-11 1999-02-18 Ampc, Inc. Complement a base de proteine plasmatique en granules a bio-efficacite accrue
EP0930010A2 (fr) * 1994-02-28 1999-07-21 Biozyme Systems Inc. Procédé et appareil de récolte et de traitement des euphausiaces
US6056981A (en) * 1994-02-28 2000-05-02 Biozyme Systems Inc. Euphausiid harvesting and processing method and apparatus
US6112699A (en) * 1994-02-28 2000-09-05 Biozyme Systems, Inc. Euphausiid harvesting and processing method and apparatus
US6125549A (en) * 1999-02-12 2000-10-03 Hosokawa Bepex Corporation Radiant heater system for thermally processing flowable materials
US6163980A (en) * 1996-09-03 2000-12-26 Dhv Milieu En Infrastructuur B.V. Method and apparatus for continuous dehydration of sludge
NL1019142C2 (nl) * 2001-10-08 2003-04-09 Harimex Bv Werkwijze voor de bereiding van dierlijk plasmapoeder, werkwijze voor het bevorderen van de gezondheid en de groei van dieren en het aldus verkregen diervoer.
US6555155B2 (en) 1996-10-21 2003-04-29 Biozyme Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for harvesting, digestion and dehydrating of krill hydrolysates and co-drying and processing of such hydrolysates
US20080181993A1 (en) * 2000-09-25 2008-07-31 Ware Gerald J Desiccation apparatus and method
EP1995539A2 (fr) * 2007-05-25 2008-11-26 Lamec S.R.L. Procédé de séchage d'aliments pour animaux et système de séchage adapté pour mettre en oeuvre ce procédé
CN102735027A (zh) * 2012-07-09 2012-10-17 北京中棉工程技术有限公司 一种籽棉真空干燥装置及其操作方法
EP2886984A3 (fr) * 2013-12-18 2016-01-20 Motan Holding GmbH Procédé de séchage et/ou de cristallisation de produits en vrac et installation d'exécution d'un tel procédé
WO2017212188A1 (fr) * 2016-06-09 2017-12-14 Haffner Energy Dispositif de sechage

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5191058A (fr) * 1975-02-08 1976-08-10
DE3117352A1 (de) * 1981-05-02 1982-12-02 Extraktionstechnik Gesellschaft für Anlagenbau mbH, 2000 Hamburg Verwendung eines trocknungsverfahrens zum entbenzinieren von schrot und extraktionsanlage zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3151045A1 (de) * 1981-12-23 1983-07-28 Krupp-Koppers Gmbh, 4300 Essen Verfahren und einrichtung zur trocknung von gips.
DK159488A (da) * 1988-03-23 1989-09-24 Danske Sukkerfab Fremgangsmaade til kontinuerlig toerring eller inddampning af et materiale og et apparat til udoevelse af fremgangsmaaden
DE19947847A1 (de) * 1999-10-04 2001-04-19 Fischermanns Gmbh & Co Duisbur Produkt, gewonnen aus Rinderfetten und/oder Schweinefetten und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

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US2432873A (en) * 1947-08-25 1947-12-16 Phillips Petroleum Co Means of pebble heater control
US2445092A (en) * 1946-08-02 1948-07-13 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Process and apparatus for heat transfer with granular solids
US2631835A (en) * 1948-04-26 1953-03-17 Phillips Petroleum Co Apparatus for heating gases
US2718709A (en) * 1951-10-26 1955-09-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Process for drying electrical equipment disposed in a sealed casing
US3566612A (en) * 1968-04-25 1971-03-02 Leybold Heraeus Verwaltung Method of agglomerating frozen particles
US3662474A (en) * 1969-08-27 1972-05-16 Calmic Eng Co Ltd Dryers and method of operation
US3768552A (en) * 1969-09-12 1973-10-30 P Ciraud Device for heating and cooling various products
US3775041A (en) * 1972-05-10 1973-11-27 H Buttner Recirculating ball heat transfer system for drying and heating materials

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2445092A (en) * 1946-08-02 1948-07-13 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Process and apparatus for heat transfer with granular solids
US2432873A (en) * 1947-08-25 1947-12-16 Phillips Petroleum Co Means of pebble heater control
US2631835A (en) * 1948-04-26 1953-03-17 Phillips Petroleum Co Apparatus for heating gases
US2718709A (en) * 1951-10-26 1955-09-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Process for drying electrical equipment disposed in a sealed casing
US3566612A (en) * 1968-04-25 1971-03-02 Leybold Heraeus Verwaltung Method of agglomerating frozen particles
US3662474A (en) * 1969-08-27 1972-05-16 Calmic Eng Co Ltd Dryers and method of operation
US3768552A (en) * 1969-09-12 1973-10-30 P Ciraud Device for heating and cooling various products
US3775041A (en) * 1972-05-10 1973-11-27 H Buttner Recirculating ball heat transfer system for drying and heating materials

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4347670A (en) * 1980-11-28 1982-09-07 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Apparatus and process for drying granular products
WO1987005991A1 (fr) * 1986-04-02 1987-10-08 Niels Peter Agdal Procede de sechage continu sous vide grossier d'un liquide et appareil de sechage utilise dans ledit procede
EP0556664A1 (fr) * 1992-02-13 1993-08-25 YMOS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Industrieprodukte Procédé et dispositif de chauffage d'un moule
US6056981A (en) * 1994-02-28 2000-05-02 Biozyme Systems Inc. Euphausiid harvesting and processing method and apparatus
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DE2402362B2 (de) 1978-04-06
BE809865A (fr) 1974-05-16
NL176205C (nl) 1985-03-01
ATA933977A (de) 1983-11-15
FR2214498A1 (fr) 1974-08-19
NO134131C (fr) 1976-08-18
AT375175B (de) 1984-07-10
SE374811B (fr) 1975-03-17
NL7400666A (fr) 1974-07-22
CH569245A5 (fr) 1975-11-14
IT1006953B (it) 1976-10-20
JPS49103252A (fr) 1974-09-30
DE2402362C3 (de) 1978-11-30
DE2402362A1 (de) 1974-07-25
AT356007B (de) 1980-04-10
SU953995A3 (ru) 1982-08-23
NO134131B (fr) 1976-05-10
GB1448762A (en) 1976-09-08
ATA37774A (de) 1979-08-15
CA1017938A (fr) 1977-09-27
ES422226A1 (es) 1976-11-01
FI57484B (fi) 1980-04-30
FR2214498B1 (fr) 1980-03-28
FI57484C (fi) 1980-08-11

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